CN106083759B - Brand-new synthesis process of lutofopa - Google Patents

Brand-new synthesis process of lutofopa Download PDF

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CN106083759B
CN106083759B CN201610415303.9A CN201610415303A CN106083759B CN 106083759 B CN106083759 B CN 106083759B CN 201610415303 A CN201610415303 A CN 201610415303A CN 106083759 B CN106083759 B CN 106083759B
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    • C07D277/00Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings
    • C07D277/02Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings
    • C07D277/20Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D277/32Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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Abstract

The invention relates to the field of organic chemistry, in particular to a brand new synthesis process of eltrombopag. The invention takes 2-methoxy-1, 3-diacetylbenzene as raw material to prepare an intermediate 3- (2-aminothiazolyl-4-yl) -2-methoxyacetophenone (4), then the intermediate reacts with (E) -ethyl 3- (2, 6-dichloro-4- (chloroformyl) phenyl) -2-methacrylate (5) to obtain a key intermediate (E) -ethyl 3- (4- ((4- (3-acetyl-2-methoxyphenyl) thiazolyl-2-yl) carbamoyl) -2, 6-dichlorophenyl) -2-methacrylate (6), the key intermediate undergoes catalytic reduction and halogenation, and (4) performing hydrolysis reaction to obtain the target compound of the eltrombopag. The method has the advantages of easily obtained raw materials, mild reaction conditions, simple and convenient operation, good stability and activity of the catalyst, high total yield and convenience for large-scale preparation and production of the eltrombopag.

Description

Brand-new synthesis process of lutofopa
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of organic chemistry, in particular to the field of organic pharmacy, and more particularly relates to a brand new synthesis process of eltrombopag.
Background
Lusutrombopag (Lusutrombopag) is a small molecule Thrombopoietin (TPO) receptor antagonist used for the treatment of patients undergoing elective surgery for thrombocytopenia associated with chronic liver disease. The Chinese name of the Lutroppopa is: (E) -3- [2, 6-dichloro-4- [ [4- [3- [ (1S) -1-hexyloxyethyl ] -2-methoxyphenyl ] -1, 3-thiazolyl-2-yl ] carbamoyl) phenyl ] -2-methacrylic acid having the chemical structure shown in formula (1):
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0001066550510000011
lusutrombopag (Lusutrombopag) was developed by salt Seimith corporation (Shionogi) and was approved by the Japanese drug and medical administration (PMDA) for the first global approval by 2015 at 9, 28. The preparation method of the compound disclosed in WO2009017098A1/US8530668B2 is as follows: using 3-bromo-2-methoxyacetophenone as an initiator, carrying out catalytic reduction and haloalkane substitution to obtain an intermediate (S) -1-bromo-3- (1- (hexyloxy) ethyl) -2-methoxybenzene, reacting with 2-chloro-N-methoxy-N-methylacetamide in the presence of a Grignard reagent to obtain an intermediate, cyclizing the intermediate with thiourea to obtain an intermediate (S) -4- (3- (1- (hexyloxy) ethyl) -2-methoxyphenyl) thiazolyl-2-amine, and reacting with (E) -3, 5-dichloro-4- (3-ethoxy-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl-1-en-1-yl) benzoic acid, to obtain (S, E) -ethyl 3- (2, 6-chloro-4- ((4- (3- (1- (hexyloxy) ethyl) -2-methoxyphenyl) thiazolyl-2-yl) carbamoyl) phenyl) -2-methacrylic acid ethyl ester, and then hydrolyzing to obtain the target compound, namely the eltrombopag. The reaction formula is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0001066550510000021
this synthetic route for rotpob is long, time consuming and low in yield. In the period, a format reagent is needed, the reaction condition is harsh, the cost is high, the operation is complicated, the impurities are more, and the large-scale industrial production is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a brand-new synthesis process of the eltrombopag. The specific synthetic route is as follows:
(a) halogenating 2-methoxy-1, 3-diacetylbenzene (2) to obtain 3-acetyl-2-methoxy-alpha-halogenated acetophenone (3), wherein R1 is Cl, Br and I. The reaction formula is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0001066550510000022
(b) 3-acetyl-2-methoxyl-alpha-halogenated acetophenone (3) and thiourea undergo a cyclization reaction to obtain 3- (2-aminothiazolyl-4-yl) -2-methoxyacetophenone (4), and the reaction formula is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0001066550510000023
(c)3- (2-aminothiazolyl-4-yl) -2-methoxyacetophenone (4) and (E) -ethyl 3- (2, 6-dichloro-4- (chloroformyl) phenyl) -2-methacrylate (5) are reacted to give (E) -ethyl 3- (4- ((4- (3-acetyl-2-methoxyphenyl) thiazolyl-2-yl) carbamoyl) -2, 6-dichlorophenyl) -2-methacrylate (6), wherein R2 ═ C1-5 alkyl, C1-5 alkoxymethyl, aryl. The reaction formula is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0001066550510000031
(d) (E) -ethyl 3- (4- ((4- (3-acetyl-2-methoxyphenyl) thiazolyl-2-yl) carbamoyl) -2, 6-dichlorophenyl) -2-methacrylate (6), by asymmetric catalytic reduction to give (S, E) -ethyl 3- (2, 6-dichloro-4- ((4- (3- (1-hydroxyethyl) -2-methoxyphenyl) thiazolyl-2-yl) carbamoyl) phenyl) -2-methacrylate (7), wherein R2 ═ C1-5 alkyl, C1-5 alkoxymethyl, aryl, benzyl; the chiral catalyst is: a complex of 3, 5-bis (3-methylbut-2-yl) salicylaldehyde Schiff base zinc corresponding to L-valine, L-phenylalanine, L-leucine and L-alanine, and a reducing agent is sodium borohydride/methanol-tetrahydrofuran, sodium borohydride/cerium trichloride. The reaction formula is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0001066550510000032
(e) (S, E) -ethyl 3- (2, 6-dichloro-4- ((4- (3- (1-hydroxyethyl) -2-methoxyphenyl) thiazolyl-2-yl) carbamoyl) phenyl) -2-methacrylate (7) and 1-halohexane (8) are subjected to substitution reaction to obtain (S, E) -ethyl 3- (2, 6-dichloro-4- ((4- (3- (1- (hexyloxy) ethyl) -2-methoxyphenyl) thiazolyl-2-yl) carbamoyl) phenyl) -2-methacrylate (9), wherein R2 ═ C1-5 alkyl, C1-5 alkoxymethyl, aryl, benzyl; r3 ═ Cl, Br, I, p-toluenesulfonate, trifluoromethanesulfonate, methylsulfonate; the reaction formula is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0001066550510000033
(f) (S, E) -ethyl 3- (2, 6-dichloro-4- ((4- (3- (1- (hexyloxy) ethyl) -2-methoxyphenyl) thiazolyl-2-yl) carbamoyl) phenyl) -2-methacrylate (9) is hydrolyzed to obtain a target compound, namely the eltrombopag (1), and the reaction formula is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0001066550510000041
in conclusion, the reaction formula of the brand-new synthesis process of the eltrombopag provided by the invention is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0001066550510000042
compared with the prior art, the novel synthesis process of the eltrombopag provided by the invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, and provides a novel synthesis process of the eltrombopag with simplicity, convenience and high optical purity. Meanwhile, the raw materials are easy to obtain, the reaction condition is mild, the operation is simple and convenient, the catalyst is easy to prepare, has good stability and activity, and is convenient for large-scale preparation and production of the eltrombopag, and the total yield of the eltrombopag prepared by the method is obviously improved and can reach more than 80%.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
Example 1
(a) Preparation of 3-acetyl-2-methoxy- α -haloacetophenone: 50ml of ethanol and 9.6g (50mmol) of 2-methoxy-1, 3-diacetylbenzene are added into a reactor with magnetic stirring, 0.26ml (1eq) of liquid bromine is added at the temperature of-5 ℃ in one step, the reaction temperature is controlled between-5 ℃ and 5 ℃ until the color of the bromine is basically disappeared, then the ethanol is evaporated under reduced pressure, 100ml of ice water is added, ethyl acetate is extracted for three times (50ml x3), saturated sodium bicarbonate is washed to be neutral, saturated common salt water is washed, magnesium sulfate is dried, and an organic solvent is evaporated to obtain a white-like solid 3-acetyl-2-methoxy-alpha-halogenated acetophenone (13.4g, the yield is 99 percent), and the crude product is directly used for the next reaction without separation.
(b) Preparation of 3- (2-aminothiazolyl-4-yl) -2-methoxyacetophenone: in a reactor equipped with magnetic stirring, 13.4g (49.4mmol) of 3-acetyl-2-methoxy- α -haloacetophenone and 100ml of ethanol were added, followed by 3.75g (49.4mmol) of thiourea, and after refluxing under heating for 6 hours, cooling and removing ethanol by evaporation under reduced pressure were carried out to obtain 3- (2-aminothiazolyl-4-yl) -2-methoxyacetophenone as a reddish semi-oily solid (11.7g, yield 95%), which was used in the next reaction without separation.
(c) Preparation of (E) -ethyl 3- (4- ((4- (3-acetyl-2-methoxyphenyl) thiazolyl-2-yl) carbamoyl) -2, 6-dichlorophenyl) -2-methacrylate: installing a reaction device, dissolving 15.2g (47.1mmol) of (E) -ethyl 3- (2, 6-dichloro-4- (chloroformyl) phenyl) -2-methacrylate in 120ml of Tetrahydrofuran (THF), adding 5.3g (52.5mmol) of triethylamine, controlling the temperature below 5 ℃, slowly adding 11.7g (47.1mmol) of 3- (2-aminothiazolyl-4-yl) -2-methoxyacetophenone obtained in the previous step, gradually returning to room temperature, detecting by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and finishing the reaction, evaporating THF under reduced pressure, adding 150ml of ice water, extracting three times (3x50ml) of ethyl acetate, washing twice with water, combining organic phases, drying with anhydrous sodium sulfate, and evaporating an organic solvent to obtain a semi-oily solid (E) -ethyl 3- (4- ((4- (3-acetyl-2-methoxyphenyl) thiazolyl-2- Yl) carbamoyl) -2, 6-dichlorophenyl) -2-methacrylate 24.5g (46.1mmol, yield 98%) and the crude product was used in the next reaction without isolation.
(d) Preparation of (S, E) -ethyl 3- (2, 6-dichloro-4- ((4- (3- (1-hydroxyethyl) -2-methoxyphenyl) thiazolyl-2-yl) carbamoyl) phenyl) -2-methacrylate: in a three-necked flask equipped with mechanical stirring, the catalyst L-valine 3, 5-bis (3-methylbut-2-yl) salicylaldehyde Schiff base zinc complex (0.01mol, 1.5 mol%) (referring to the amount of the substance with the catalyst being 1.5% of the substrate) and 150mL anhydrous THF and 15mL methanol were added at-5 deg.C, 24.6g (46.2mmol) of the (E) -ethyl 3- (4- ((4- (3-acetyl-2-methoxyphenyl) thiazolyl-2-yl) carbamoyl) -2, 6-dichlorophenyl) -2-methacrylate formed in the above step was added, stirring was carried out for 10min, and 1.83g (48.4mmol) of NaBH was added in portions4After the reaction is finished for 6 hours, diluted hydrochloric acid is added for quenching, the reaction product is adjusted to be neutral, the reaction product is carefully poured into cold water, semi-oily light yellow solid is separated out, and 22.7g (yield is 92%) of (S, E) -ethyl 3- (2, 6-dichloro-4- ((4- (3- (1-hydroxyethyl) -2-methoxyphenyl) thiazolyl-2-yl) carbamoyl) phenyl) -2-methacrylate is obtained after drying, and the crude product is directly used for the next reaction without separation.
(E) The reaction scheme for the asymmetric catalytic conversion of (E) -ethyl 3- (4- ((4- (3-acetyl-2-methoxyphenyl) thiazolyl-2-yl) carbamoyl) -2, 6-dichlorophenyl) -2-methacrylate to S, E) -ethyl 3- (2, 6-dichloro-4- ((4- (3- (1-hydroxyethyl) -2-methoxyphenyl) thiazolyl-2-yl) carbamoyl) phenyl) -2-methacrylate is shown in scheme 5.
TABLE I parameters for the conversion of Compound 6 to Compound 7 by asymmetric catalysis
The second table shows the parameters of the compound 6 in the 3, 5-bis (3-methylbut-2-yl) salicylaldehyde Schiff base zinc complex corresponding to L-valine and the conversion of the compound 7 by sodium borohydride/cerium trichloride through asymmetric catalytic reduction reaction
TABLE 1 parameters for the asymmetric catalytic conversion of Compound 6 to Compound 7
Entry Solvent A B Time(h) Yield(%) ee(%)
1 THF/MeOH L-Valine NaBH4 6 92.0 95.1
2 THF/MeOH L-Phenylalanine NaBH4 6 90.2 87.9
3 THF/MeOH L-Leucine NaBH4 6 86.4 84.3
4 THF/MeOH L-Alanine NaBH4 6 86.7 86.9
5 THF L-Valine NaBH4/CeCl3 6 98.0 98.8
6 THF L-Phenylalanine NaBH4/CeCl3 6 95.1 96.2
7 THF L-Leucine NaBH4/CeCl3 6 97.6 97.3
8 THF L-Alanine NaBH4/CeCl3 6 92.3 96.0
Wherein A represents the corresponding amino acid of the catalyst; b represents a reducing agent type
TABLE 2 conversion of Compound 6 to a Compound by asymmetric catalytic reduction of a Zinc 3, 5-bis (3-methylbut-2-yl) salicylaldehyde Schiff base complex corresponding to L-valine and sodium borohydride/cerium trichlorideParameters of object 7
Entry Solvent Time(h) Yield(%) ee(%)
1 THF/MeOH 4 90.3 96.4
2 THF/MeOH 6 96.1 91.1
3 THF/MeOH 8 93.4 93.5
4 THF/MeOH 10 91.6 87.6
5 THF 6 98.0 98.8
6 THF 8 96.3 95.2
7 THF 12 88.7 96.5
8 THF 15 84.6 94.2
(e) Preparation of (S, E) -ethyl 3- (2, 6-dichloro-4- ((4- (3- (1- (hexyloxy) ethyl) -2-methoxyphenyl) thiazol-2-yl) carbamoyl) phenyl) -2-methacrylate: 150ml of THF is added into a three-necked flask with mechanical stirring, 22.7g (42.6mmol) of the product (S, E) -ethyl 3- (2, 6-dichloro-4- ((4- (3- (1-hydroxyethyl) -2-methoxyphenyl) thiazolyl-2-yl) carbamoyl) phenyl) -2-methacrylate generated in the previous step is added and dissolved, 7g (42.6mmol) of 1-bromohexane is added, 6.5g (1.1eq) of anhydrous potassium carbonate is added, the reaction is carried out at room temperature for 12h, TLC tracking is carried out, after the substitution reaction is finished, the solid is filtered off, and the organic solvent is evaporated under reduced pressure to obtain a semi-oily solid (S, E) -ethyl 3- (2, 6-dichloro-4- ((4- (3- (1- (hexyloxy) ethyl) -2-methoxyphenyl) thiazolyl-2-yl) ammonia Carbamoyl) phenyl) -2-methacrylate (25.2g, 96% yield) the crude product was used in the next reaction without isolation.
(f) Preparation of (E) -3- [2, 6-dichloro-4- [ [4- [3- [ (1S) -1-hexyloxyethyl ] -2-methoxyphenyl ] -1, 3-thiazol-2-yl ] carbamoyl) phenyl ] -2-methacrylic acid 100ml of THF and 25.2g (40.7mmol) of the product (S, E) -ethyl 3- (2, 6-dichloro-4- ((4- (3- (1- (hexyloxy) ethyl) -2-methoxyphenyl) thiazol-2-yl) carbamoyl) phenyl) -2-methacrylate from the preceding reaction were added to a three-necked flask equipped with mechanical stirring, and after the solvent 1.64g of sodium hydroxide and 100ml of water were added, heating to 60 ℃ for reaction for 5h, TLC tracing the reaction completion of raw materials, cooling to room temperature, evaporating most of organic solvent, adding 2N diluted hydrochloric acid dropwise to adjust pH 2-3, precipitating yellow solid, filtering, and pulping with methyl tert-butyl ether for 2-3 times to obtain (E) -3- [2, 6-dichloro-4- [ [4- [3- [ (1S) -1-hexyloxyethyl ] -2-methoxyphenyl ] -1, 3-thiazolyl-2-yl ] carbamoyl) phenyl ] -2-methacrylic acid (23.8g, yield 99%) as white solid powder.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (3)

1. The synthesis process of the lotrpopa is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(a) the 2-methoxy-1, 3-diacetylbenzene (2) is subjected to halogenation reaction to obtain the 3-acetyl-2-methoxy-alpha-halogenated acetophenone (3), and the reaction formula is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(b) 3-acetyl-2-methoxyl-alpha-halogenated acetophenone (3) and thiourea undergo a cyclization reaction to obtain 3- (2-aminothiazolyl-4-yl) -2-methoxyacetophenone (4), and the reaction formula is as follows:
Figure 572812DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
(c)3- (2-aminothiazolyl-4-yl) -2-methoxyacetophenone (4) and (E) -ethyl 3- (2, 6-dichloro-4- (chloroformyl) phenyl) -2-methacrylate (5) react to obtain (E) -ethyl 3- (4- ((4- (3-acetyl-2-methoxyphenyl) thiazolyl-2-yl) carbamoyl) -2, 6-dichlorophenyl) -2-methacrylate (6), and the reaction formula is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
(d) (E) -ethyl 3- (4- ((4- (3-acetyl-2-methoxyphenyl) thiazolyl-2-yl) carbamoyl) -2, 6-dichlorophenyl) -2-methacrylate (6), and the (S, E) -ethyl 3- (2, 6-dichloro-4- ((4- (3- (1-hydroxyethyl) -2-methoxyphenyl) thiazolyl-2-yl) carbamoyl) phenyl) -2-methacrylate (7) is obtained by catalytic reduction of a chiral catalyst and a reducing agent, and the reaction formula is as follows:
Figure 851477DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
(e) (S, E) -ethyl 3- (2, 6-dichloro-4- ((4- (3- (1-hydroxyethyl) -2-methoxyphenyl) thiazolyl-2-yl) carbamoyl) phenyl) -2-methacrylate (7) and 1-halohexane (8) are subjected to substitution reaction to obtain (S, E) -ethyl 3- (2, 6-dichloro-4- ((4- (3- (1- (hexyloxy) ethyl) -2-methoxyphenyl) thiazolyl-2-yl) carbamoyl) phenyl) -2-methacrylate (9), which has the reaction formula:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
(f) (S, E) -ethyl 3- (2, 6-dichloro-4- ((4- (3- (1- (hexyloxy) ethyl) -2-methoxyphenyl) thiazolyl-2-yl) carbamoyl) phenyl) -2-methacrylate (9) is hydrolyzed to obtain a target compound, namely the eltrombopag (1), and the reaction formula is as follows:
Figure 436653DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
(a) in step (a), R1 ═ Cl, Br, or I;
(b) in step (C), R2 ═ C1-5 alkyl, C1-5 alkoxymethyl, or aryl;
(c) in step (d), R2 ═ C1-5 alkyl, C1-5 alkoxymethyl, or aryl;
(d) in step (e), R2 ═ C1-5 alkyl, C1-5 alkoxymethyl, or aryl; r3 ═ Cl, Br, I, p-toluenesulfonate, trifluoromethanesulfonate or methylsulfonate.
2. The process for synthesizing rotpop as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step (d), the chiral catalyst is: a complex of 3, 5-bis (3-methylbut-2-yl) salicylaldehyde Schiff base zinc corresponding to L-valine, L-phenylalanine, L-leucine or L-alanine, the molecular formula of the complex is shown as follows, and the reducing agent is sodium borohydride/methanol-tetrahydrofuran or sodium borohydride/cerium trichloride;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
R4=-CH3,-CH2ph, -i-Pr or-i-Bu.
3. The process for synthesizing rotpop as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
(a) taking a compound 2-methoxy-1, 3-diacetylbenzene as a raw material, and obtaining an intermediate which is 3-acetyl-2-methoxy-alpha-halogenated acetophenone through a halogenation reaction;
(b) taking a compound 3-acetyl-2-methoxyl-alpha-halogenated acetophenone as a raw material, and performing cyclization reaction on thiourea to obtain an intermediate 3- (2-aminothiazolyl-4-yl) -2-methoxyacetophenone;
(c) the key intermediate obtained by using a compound 3- (2-aminothiazolyl-4-yl) -2-methoxyacetophenone as a raw material and reacting an intermediate (E) -ethyl 3- (2, 6-dichloro-4- (chloroformyl) phenyl) -2-methacrylate is (E) -ethyl 3- (4- ((4- (3-acetyl-2-methoxyphenyl) thiazolyl-2-yl) carbamoyl) -2, 6-dichlorophenyl) -2-methacrylate;
(d) taking a compound (E) -ethyl 3- (4- ((4- (3-acetyl-2-methoxyphenyl) thiazolyl-2-yl) carbamoyl) -2, 6-dichlorophenyl) -2-methacrylate as a raw material, and obtaining a key intermediate (S, E) -ethyl 3- (2, 6-dichloro-4- ((4- (3- (1-hydroxyethyl) -2-methoxyphenyl) thiazolyl-2-yl) carbamoyl) phenyl) -2-methacrylate by asymmetric catalytic reduction;
(e) taking a compound (S, E) -ethyl 3- (2, 6-dichloro-4- ((4- (3- (1-hydroxyethyl) -2-methoxyphenyl) thiazolyl-2-yl) carbamoyl) phenyl) -2-methacrylate as a raw material, and carrying out substitution reaction on the raw material and 1-halogenated hexane to obtain an intermediate (S, E) -ethyl 3- (2, 6-dichloro-4- ((4- (3- (1- (hexyloxy) ethyl) -2-methoxyphenyl) thiazolyl-2-yl) carbamoyl) phenyl) -2-methacrylate;
(f) the target compound, namely the eltrombopag (1), is obtained by hydrolyzing a compound (S, E) -ethyl 3- (2, 6-dichloro-4- ((4- (3- (1- (hexyloxy) ethyl) -2-methoxyphenyl) thiazolyl-2-yl) carbamoyl) phenyl) -2-methacrylate serving as a raw material.
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