CN106083391B - A kind of rhizosphere resistance control agent preparation method and application reducing cowpea cadmium content - Google Patents
A kind of rhizosphere resistance control agent preparation method and application reducing cowpea cadmium content Download PDFInfo
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- CN106083391B CN106083391B CN201610493323.8A CN201610493323A CN106083391B CN 106083391 B CN106083391 B CN 106083391B CN 201610493323 A CN201610493323 A CN 201610493323A CN 106083391 B CN106083391 B CN 106083391B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of rhizosphere resistance control agent preparation method and applications for reducing cowpea cadmium content, it is made of a certain proportion of calcium chloride, potassium silicate, potassium fulvate, tealeaf extract, water, and step is: A, weighing calcium chloride in proportion, potassium silicate is dissolved with water;B, it weighs tea grounds to be placed in water, it is tealeaf extract that boiling water tanning, which is cooled to room temperature, filters, discard tea grounds, and solution continues to boil;C, potassium fulvate amount is weighed;Tealeaf extract is uniformly mixed with potassium fulvate;D, the calcium chloride of dissolution, potassium silicate, tealeaf extract and potassium fulvate will be mixed, is stirred evenly, with water constant volume, obtain mixture, for a kind of resistance control agent of pouring root type cadmium.Application of the agent in cowpea safety in production.The constituent of resistance control agent is easily obtained, easy to operation;Effect is obvious, significantly reduces the intracorporal cadmium content of plant;Environment will not be polluted.Cadmium content in cowpea is effectively reduced, the amplitude that reduces is 7.58%~24.24%, improves the nutritional quality of cowpea.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural environment child care and recovery technique field, be more particularly to a kind of pair of cowpea fruit cadmium content into
Row controlling agent also relates to the preparation method that a kind of pair of cowpea fruit cadmium content carries out controlling agent, further relates to a kind of pouring root type
The purposes of cadmium resistance control agent, is suitable for the slight cadmium pollution soil in outskirts of a town vegetable plot.
Background technique
Since Metallurgical Factory and Cadmium treated factory rely on urban development, along with population of city districts is intensive, it is limited etc. to plough
Reason, the agricultural product such as the agricultural product of suburban area especially vegetables become the main source of major urban vegetable supply.But with
Various municipal refuses and sewage be poured into and outskirts of a town vegetable grower is pursues maximum return and excessive fertilization, while using surrounding city
Water source is irrigated, and a variety of factors cause suburb soil cadmium content to increase, and urban vegetable cadmium excessive problem occurs in succession, Ha Er
There is the report of cadmium pollution on the ground such as shore, zhuzhou,hunan and the western Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, Zhejiang Foochow.Feng Hongyan exists
Pollution situation to aluminium cadmium in Jiangsu Province seaweed in 2014 carries out Risk Monitoring, and the exceeding standard rate (studying and judging value≤0.2mg/kg) of cadmium reaches
To 89.5%;Qin Zhiying etc. (2007) is to 5 city agricultural product lead cadmium pollution analysis of Guangxi the result shows that Nanning City's vegetables exceeding standard rate
It is 24.3%;2002 sources Nian Tangshu etc. acquire 349 vegetables samples in 42, the district small towns of Chongqing City 29 and carry out quality safety
Research show that the exceeding standard rate of cadmium is 11.5% and the exceeded conclusion the most serious of leaf vegetables, the above result shows that China vegetable plot is native
Than more serious, vegetables cadmium pollution is administered extremely urgent for earth and vegetables cadmium pollution.
There are two types of different approach for the improvement of current heavy-metal contaminated soil both at home and abroad: first is that it is fixed or heavy metal-passivated,
Invalid state is converted by available state, the effective concentration of heavy metal-polluted soil is made to be reduced to harmless level, to reduce a soil huge sum of money
Belong to the bio-toxicity of element, control heavy metal enters food chain and pollution surrounding enviroment (Ling Weiwei 2011;Tian Weidong 2008);Two
It is activation heavy metal, the removal efficiency of heavy metal-polluted soil is improved by promotion bio-absorbable, reduces the total amount of heavy metal-polluted soil
To harmless level (Siegel S M et al 1986;Zeng M et al 2008;Once quick to wait 2005).Currently, lime, furnace
The alkaline matters such as slag are passivated cadmium in soil because soil pH value can be improved for it, effect be widely used rapidly and with
Base Shi Weizhu, but chronic administration these substances will cause soil hardening, be not in the long run solve the problems, such as cadmium pollution it is basic it
Method.With the development of agricultural, the advanced mechanical agricultural measures of various agriculturals emerge one after another, and apply the resistance control agent of type cadmium compared to base, fill
The resistance control agent of root type cadmium has better development prospect.
Summary of the invention
It is to be the provision of a kind of pouring root the object of the invention is that existing base is overcome to apply type cadmium resistance control agent Shortcomings
The resistance control agent of type cadmium, main component silicon, the calcium of pouring root type cadmium resistance control agent are nutrient molecule required for vegetables, potassium fulvate and tea
Slag extract can improve soil physics structure, may additionally facilitate the Nutrient Absorption energy of plant other than having the transferance for inhibiting cadmium
Power, and the formula is reasonable, it is easy to use.
Another object of the present invention is to be the provision of a kind of preparation method of pouring root type cadmium resistance control agent, easy to implement the method,
It is easy to operate, complicated production technology is not needed, prepared cadmium resistance control agent property is stablized, and heavy metal can be widely used in
Aspect is administered in cadmium pollution.
A further object of the invention is to be the provision of a kind of pouring root type cadmium resistance control agent answering in cowpea safety in production
With being applicable in the vegetable plot of slight cadmium pollution, can not only inhibit vegetables to Cadmium accumulation, quality of vegetable can also be improved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention uses following technical measures:
Basic ideas of the present invention are: outskirts of a town vegetable plot is a city " vegetable basket ", and the cadmium pollution of outskirts of a town vegetable plot seriously endangers
The health of city dweller, influences social stability.Existing base apply type cadmium resistance control agent there is organic resistance control agent effects not
Persistently, inorganic resistance control agent amount of application is big, easily causes the problems such as soil hardening, how to screen a kind of ratio is suitable, take effect rapidly and
The resistance control agent combination being free from side effects is the most important thing of cadmium resistance control agent research.Therefore, the present invention is by organic resistance control agent and tool
There is the inorganic resistance control agent of control cadmium effect to combine, improve embodiment, filters out a kind of more greatly reduction vegetables overground part cadmium
The pouring root type cadmium resistance control agent of content.
A kind of pouring root type cadmium resistance control agent, it is made of raw material from the following weight:
Calcium chloride and potassium silicate are to analyze pure or chemically pure reagent;
Water is distilled water or tap water.
A kind of pouring root type cadmium resistance control agent, it is made of raw material from the following weight (preferred scope):
A kind of pouring root type cadmium resistance control agent, it is made of raw material from the following weight (preferable range):
A kind of pouring root type cadmium resistance control agent, it is made of raw material from the following weight (best range):
A kind of pouring root type cadmium resistance control agent, it is made of raw material from the following weight (optimum value):
A kind of preparation method of pouring root type cadmium resistance control agent, the steps include:
A, calcium chloride is weighed in proportion, potassium silicate is dissolved with water;
B, 120g tea grounds is weighed to be placed in 500ml water, boiling water boils 9-11min, be cooled to room temperature (20-25 DEG C, following phase
Together), it filters, discards tea grounds, acquired solution continues tanning to 100ml, as required tealeaf extract;
C, required potassium fulvate is weighed in proportion;A certain proportion of tealeaf extract is uniformly mixed with potassium fulvate;
D, the calcium chloride of dissolution, potassium silicate, tealeaf extract and potassium fulvate will be mixed, is stirred evenly, used
Remaining 70%~80% water constant volume obtains mixture, spare for a kind of resistance control agent of pouring root type cadmium.
A kind of application of the pouring root type cadmium resistance control agent in cowpea safety in production, the steps include:
1. the component that pouring root type cadmium hinders control agent is dissolved with water, it is uniformly mixed;
2. it is primary every 15 days pouring roots to before mature after emergence, altogether three times, each 200ml;
3. between centered on crop root, radius is no more than 10cm and carries out pouring root.
Working mechanism: the working mechanism of this resistance control agent:
1, interionic is there is antagonism, competitive binding site between calcium, silicon and cadmium ion, oxidative stress and anti-oxidant system
System and Ca2+And calmodulin is related, calcium promotes the generation of chelating agent in plant, enhancing Process of chelating and detoxicification;Silicon can improve vegetables
Resistance, improve pakchoi Photosynthetic self-protection ability, reduce Cd stress under the injury of plasmalemmae of root and blade, improve
The polyphenoils enzymatic activity of plant leaf, inhibits the accumulation of free radical under Cd stress.
2, the fulvic acid in potassium fulvate has the organic substances such as the tea polyphenols in a large amount of active groups and tealeaf extract
It can be chelated with the cadmium in soil, reduce absorption of the plant to cadmium.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the advantages that:
1. the constituent of this resistance control agent is easily obtained, easy to operation;
2. this resistance control agent agent effect is obvious, the intracorporal cadmium content of plant is significantly reduced;
3. this resistance control agent not will cause secondary pollution to environment.
Cadmium content in cowpea can be effectively reduced in pouring root type cadmium of the present invention resistance control agent combination, and the amplitude that reduces is 7.58%~
24.24%, while the nutritional quality of cowpea can be improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of influence schematic diagram of cadmium resistance control agent to ripe initial stage cowpea fruit quality.
Fig. 2 is that a kind of influence of cadmium resistance control agent to mature mid-term phase cowpea fruit quality is intended to.
By Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 analysis it is found that compared with the control, cadmium resistance control agent combination of the present invention whether in ripe initial stage or
Mature mid-term has different degrees of improvement result to vitamin C, soluble sugar, soluble protein, is especially reducing nitric acid
Significant effect in terms of salt content.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of pouring root type cadmium resistance control agent, it is made of raw material from the following weight:
A kind of preparation method of pouring root type cadmium resistance control agent, the steps include:
A, calcium chloride is weighed in proportion, potassium silicate is dissolved with water;
B, it weighs 120g tea grounds to be placed in 500ml water, boiling water boils 9 or 10 or 11min, is cooled to room temperature, and filters, discards
Tea grounds, acquired solution continue tanning to 100ml, as required tealeaf extract;
C, required potassium fulvate is weighed in proportion;A certain proportion of tealeaf extract is uniformly mixed with potassium fulvate;
D, the calcium chloride of dissolution, potassium silicate, tealeaf extract and potassium fulvate will be mixed, is stirred evenly, used
Remaining 70%~80% water constant volume obtains mixture, spare for a kind of resistance control agent of pouring root type cadmium.
A kind of pouring root type cadmium resistance control agent, it is made of raw material from the following weight:
Embodiment and raw material | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
Calcium chloride | 0.15 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.22 | 0.25 |
Potassium silicate | 0.25 | 0.2 | 0.22 | 0.23 | 0.2 |
Potassium fulvate | 6.5 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 6 |
Tealeaf extract | 9 | 10 | 8 | 9 | 8 |
Water | 84.1 | 83.6 | 86.58 | 85.55 | 85.55 |
It amounts to | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
Its preparation step is same as Example 1.
Embodiment 7:
A kind of application of the pouring root type cadmium resistance control agent in cowpea safety in production, the steps include:
1. the component that pouring root type cadmium hinders control agent is dissolved with water, it is uniformly mixed;
2. it is primary every 15 days pouring roots to before mature after emergence, altogether three times, each 200ml;
3. between centered on crop root, radius is no more than 10cm and carries out pouring root.
Embodiment 8:
Test period: 2015;Test site: Wuhan
1) long-term cropping: cowpea
2) soil
The outskirts of a town vegetable plot in Wuhan City, Hubei Province Hongshan District huge port village, soil belong to full cadmium content 0.5660mg/kg, and pH is
7.05, belong to slight cadmium pollution soil.
3) test arrangement
1. cowpea was sowed on July 9th, 2015;
2. 20 days or so after emergence, applying this resistance control agent and carrying out pouring root, in addition often use irrigation water, fulvic acid respectively with vegetable grower
It is control that potassium, which carries out pouring root, to compare cadmium resistance control agent application effect;
Each pouring root time should select at 6 points or so in the morning, centered on crop root between, radius is no more than subject to 10cm
It is primary every sprinkling in 15 days or so, it was harvested on 09 07th, 2015, symbiosis is 59 days long.
4) it tests
1. test method
After the cowpea sample of harvest is cleaned with deionized water, a part is ground with stainless steel plant sample grinding machine, is used for cadmium
Measurement;Cadmium content, content such as table 1 are measured using nitration mixture (nitric acid+perchloric acid 9+1) digestion-atomic absorption spectrophotometer.
Another part is used for the measurement of the index of quality (vitamin C, soluble protein, soluble sugar and nitrate), content such as attached drawing
1, attached drawing 2.
Table 1: influence of the pouring root type cadmium resistance control agent to cowpea fruit cadmium content
2. test result
Hinder control agent cowpea fruit cadmium content with cadmium of the present invention reduces by 24.24% in ripe initial stage compared with the control, reaches aobvious
It writes sex differernce (P=0.15), 7.66% is reduced compared with potassium fulvate is administered alone, is reduced compared with the control in mature mid-term
10.41%, 7.58% is reduced compared with potassium fulvate is administered alone, and illustrates that the resistance control agent of this cadmium reduces width to cowpea fruit cadmium content
It spends bigger.
In conclusion cadmium content in cowpea can be effectively reduced in pouring root type cadmium resistance control agent combination of the present invention, reduction amplitude is
7.58%~24.24%, while the nutritional quality of cowpea can be improved.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of preparation method of pouring root type cadmium resistance control agent, the steps include:
A, calcium chloride, potassium silicate are weighed in proportion, are dissolved with the 20%~30% of required water;
B, it weighs tea grounds to be placed in 500ml water, boiling water boils 9-11min, is cooled to room temperature, and filters, discards tea grounds, acquired solution
Continue tanning to 100ml, is tealeaf extract;
C, potassium fulvate is weighed in proportion;A certain proportion of tealeaf extract is uniformly mixed with potassium fulvate;
D, the calcium chloride of dissolution, potassium silicate, tealeaf extract and potassium fulvate will be mixed, is stirred evenly, with residue
70%~80% water constant volume, obtain mixture, for a kind of pouring root type cadmium resistance control agent;
The pouring root type cadmium resistance controls agent by the material composition of following weight percentage:
Calcium chloride 0.2%~0.3%, potassium silicate 0.2%~0.3%, potassium fulvate 4.8%~6.2%, tealeaf extract
8.5%~10.5%, water 78% ~ 86%.
2. a kind of resistance control agent of the preparation method preparation of pouring root type cadmium resistance control agent described in claim 1 is in cowpea safety in production
Application.
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CN106747961A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-05-31 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of conditioning agent containing selenium and application for reducing cowpea cadmium and nitrate content |
CN107897207A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2018-04-13 | 湖北农谷畅响土壤修复科技股份有限公司 | A kind of blade face resistance control agent for being used to reduce rice heavy metal cadmium |
CN116715556A (en) * | 2023-05-10 | 2023-09-08 | 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Ternary composite resistance and control agent and application thereof, and evaluation method of ternary composite resistance and control agent on soil restoration effect |
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