CN106077653A - A kind of preparation method of novel W Mo Cr alloy polishing disk - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of novel W Mo Cr alloy polishing disk Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
- B22F2003/145—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously by warm compacting, below debindering temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/247—Removing material: carving, cleaning, grinding, hobbing, honing, lapping, polishing, milling, shaving, skiving, turning the surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F2005/002—Tools other than cutting tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
- B22F2009/041—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by mechanical alloying, e.g. blending, milling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
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Abstract
The invention belongs to powder metallurgical technology, disclose the preparation method of a kind of novel W Mo Cr alloy polishing disk, this preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) tungsten W, molybdenum Mo, chromium Cr, tetra-kinds of powder mix homogeneously of yttrium Y are obtained alloy polishing disk raw material；2) high energy ball mill ball milling stainless steel ball and alloy polishing disk raw material is used to obtain alloy powder；3) vacuum heating-press sintering is utilized to prepare alloy polishing disk；4) finishing alloy polishing disk obtains surface-brightening, cleaning, smooth alloy polishing disk end face, completes the preparation of novel W Mo Cr alloy polishing disk.Beneficial effects of the present invention is novel W Mo Cr alloy polishing disk sintering effect excellence, dense structure's degree distributed components high, each, hardness are high, preparation is repeatable strong.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to powder metallurgical technology, relate to the preparation of a kind of high hardness alloy material, be related specifically to one
Plant and can be used for carrying out method prepared by diamond cutter, skive processing and finishing alloy polishing disk material used.
Background technology
Owing to diamond is material the hardest in nature, chemical inertness is relatively strong, thus the difficult-to-machine material being well recognized as it
One.But, exactly because also diamond has the physicochemical properties of uniqueness, so its prepared cutter is in accurate and superfinishing
Close manufacture field act as irreplaceable role.Tribochemistry polishing is a kind of novel gold combining and mechanically and chemically polishing
Hard rock finishing method, owing to its equipment is simple, working (machining) efficiency is high, process costs is low, has pole at diamond product manufacture field
Big development prospect.The core content of tribochemistry polishing technology is selection and the preparation of polishing disk, ferrous alloy polishing disk
Have that hardness is low, the problem of course of processing serious wear, manganese-base alloy and nickel-base alloy grinding ratio (material removing rate and polishing disk
The ratio of wear extent) less, traditional tungstenio polishing disk that CN103203453A proposes is compared above-mentioned three kinds of alloys and is improved to some extent,
But polishing disk performance and processing can be affected owing to the high-temperature oxidation resistance of tungstenio material is poor in sintering and the course of processing
Quality.
Prepare the PM technique of alloy polishing disk be manufacture metal dust or utilize metal dust pass through molding and
The Technology of alloy material or composite material component is prepared in sintering processing.Aero-Space, machine the most it are widely applied to
The numerous areas such as tool, traffic, electronics.Owing to difficult-to-machine material molding and labyrinth parts molding are had by PM technique
There is advantageous advantage, so enjoying the attention of industrial quarters.
In the mode that many powder metallurgy performances optimize, there is two ways most commonly seen.One is microalloying, i.e. adds
Such as elements such as boron, chromium, manganese, nickel, it has the significant effect of comparison improving in sintered material organizational structure and mechanical property.Two are
Second phase doping method, adds the rare earth of 0.5%-5% in the alloy so that it is reach in the base with tiny Mass distribution of particles
The effect of strengthening matrix, this method not only can improve the wearability of sintered material can also reduce the friction factor of material.Remove
Outside this, rare earth element has the strongest chemical activity, is very easy to oxidized, so can during vacuum heating-press sintering
The oxygen between powder is remained in, to reduce the oxidation of other dusty material with consumption part.Atomic radius due to rare earth element
It it is 1.5 times of common metal atomic radius, it is possible to carry out two-phase invigoration effect with W-Mo-Cr alloy material, simultaneously
Rare earth element also can play the effect of intercrystalline strengthening in the segregation of crystal boundary.Rare earth element can also increase the flowing of liquid metal
Property, sintered material tissue can be made more uniform so adding rare earth element in sintering process；Rare earth has for a lot of metals
Purify, rotten, the effect of alloying, can significantly improve metal material heat processing performance, mechanical property, antioxygenic property and
Anti-wear performance；Rare earth major part oxide and graphite-structure class quasi-lamellar structure, have certain lubrication, at processing Buddha's warrior attendant
Friction factor can be reduced to ensure the best surface roughness during stone.In patent CN105624536A, the most logical
Cross the method lifting alloy plasticity adding rare earth element.The rare-earth yttrium unit of 0.5-1% is added in W-Mo-Cr alloy polishing disk
Element, can obtain novel W-Mo-Cr alloy polishing disk by adjusting mechanical alloying and vacuum heating-press sintering parameter.
Novel W-Mo-Cr alloy polishing disk material has higher hardness and good high-temperature oxidation resistance, by newly
Type W-Mo-Cr alloy polishing disk work sheet diamond, it is thus achieved that higher diamond clearance and the most smooth adding
Work surface.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that it is made of stones that one is used for processing Buddha's warrior attendant
The preparation method of the novel W-M-Cr alloy polishing disk of product, improvement tradition tungstenio polishing disk alloy solid solution is thorough, sintering is inadequate
Uniformly, high-temperature oxidation resistance difference etc. deficiency.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme is that
The preparation method of a kind of novel W-Mo-Cr alloy polishing disk, selects tetra-kinds of powder of W, Mo, Cr, Y to polish as alloy
Dish raw material, uses high energy ball mill ball milling and vacuum heating-press sintering to make tungsten-bast alloy polishing disk, specifically comprises the following steps that
The first step, prepares alloy polishing disk raw material
Tungsten W, molybdenum Mo, chromium Cr, tetra-kinds of powder mix homogeneously of yttrium Y are obtained alloy polishing disk raw material；Four kinds of described powder
Purity be 99.9%, granularity 300 mesh；It is 70～74% that the molar percentage of described first three powder is respectively as follows: tungsten, molybdenum
Being 25～29%, remaining is chromium；Adding yttrium again, the molal quantity of yttrium accounts for the 0.5～1% of the total mole number of tungsten, molybdenum and chromium.
Second step, prepares alloy powder by Mechanical Alloying
Alloy polishing disk raw material stainless steel ball and the first step obtained loads in vacuum sphere grinding jar for 10:1 in mass ratio,
And add ball milling controlling agent dehydrated alcohol, and under inert gas shielding, ball milling 40～50 hours under 200～240r/min rotating speeds
After, alloy powder is taken out in decompression distillation.
3rd step, utilizes vacuum heating-press sintering to prepare alloy polishing disk
Screening particle diameter, less than the alloy powder of 20 μm, is put in the graphite jig of vacuum heating-press sintering equipment and is sintered,
Sintering process, particularly as follows: temperature is when room temperature rises to 800 DEG C, is incubated 10min；Continuing to heat up, temperature is warming up to 1200 from 800 DEG C
DEG C time insulation 20min；Temperature, in time being warming up to 1400 DEG C for 1200 DEG C, applies 30MPa pressure, is incubated 60min；Temperature is from 1400 DEG C
After being cooled to 1200 DEG C, sintered specimen furnace cooling obtains alloy polishing disk；The heating rate of described temperature-rise period is 10 DEG C/
min；The rate of temperature fall of temperature-fall period is 5 DEG C/min.
4th step, repairs alloy polishing disk
3rd step is obtained alloy polishing disk and removes Burr removal, throw with hard alloy end face lathe tool turning, sand papering alloy
CD processing end face, is polished alloy polishing disk on buffing machine, finally dries up with deionized water cleaning and obtains surface light
Bright, cleaning, smooth alloy polishing disk end face, complete the preparation of novel W-Mo-Cr alloy polishing disk.
Effect of the present invention and benefit be: novel W-Mo-Cr alloy polishing disk sintering effect is excellent, dense structure's degree is high, each
Distributed components, hardness are high, preparation is repeatable strong.In actual application, diamond clearance is high, surface roughness
Low；Observe the alloy polishing disk after polishing experiments compare the few high-temperature oxidation resistance of tradition tungstenio polishing disk oxide on surface good,
Wear rate is low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the XRD analysis figure after powder ball milling prepared by tradition tungstenio polishing disk.
Fig. 2 is the XRD analysis figure after powder ball milling prepared by novel W-Mo-Cr alloy polishing disk.
Fig. 3 is novel W-Mo-Cr alloy polishing disk metallographic structure photo.
Detailed description of the invention
The detailed description of the invention of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with technical scheme and accompanying drawing.The present invention urges from transition metal
Change diamond graphitization mechanism set out, in conjunction with the tribochemistry polishing performance requirement of polishing disk material, invented a kind of newly
The W-Mo-Cr alloy polishing disk of type, selects tetra-kinds of powder of W, Mo, Cr, Y to prepare raw material as alloy polishing disk, uses high energy ball
Grinding machine ball milling and vacuum heating-press sintering make novel alloy polishing disk.Specifically include following steps:
1) composition proportion of alloy polishing disk is determined: using tetra-kinds of powder of W, Mo, Cr, Y, every kind of powder purity is
99.9%, granularity 300 mesh.First, W, Mo, Cr, according to 72%:27%:1% in molar ratio, weigh the tungsten powder of 49.88g, 9.85g
Molybdenum powder, the chromium powder of 0.27g, then add 0.8% yttrium powder, 0.48g, mix four kinds of powder.
2) alloy powder is prepared by Mechanical Alloying: stainless steel ball and mixed-powder are loaded vacuum sphere grinding jar
In, the mass ratio of stainless steel ball and mixed-powder is 10:1, adds ball milling controlling agent dehydrated alcohol；For powder in preventing tank at ball
Aoxidize during mill, while applying argon gas, air in tank is discharged, evacuation, repeat 2～3 times；Rotating speed is 220r/min, at height
Can on planetary ball mill ball milling after 48 hours ball milling terminate, complete alloy powder and prepare.Take out by the way of decompression is distilled
Powder observation, finds that granule is the most tiny, average-size 20 μm.
3) utilize vacuum heating-press sintering to make alloy polishing disk: after being sieved by powder, weigh 60g powder and add a diameter of
In the graphite jig of the vacuum heating-press sintering of 30mm, carry out hot pressed sintering.Less than 800 DEG C heat up with the speed of 10 DEG C/min,
Continue after 800 DEG C of insulation 10min to be warming up to 1200 DEG C of insulation 20min with 10 DEG C/min.800 DEG C-1200 DEG C are in due to powder
Intensification, exothermic reaction stage, powder expansion is very fast, is difficult to pressurization；Being warming up to 1400 DEG C again, solid solution reaction terminates substantially, temperature
Keeping stable, volume of sample is not further added by, and pressurization can reduce intergranular space, makes sintering more densification.Now apply pressure
30MPa, is incubated 60min.Furnace cooling after being cooled to 1200 DEG C with the speed of 5 DEG C/min.Finally obtain thickness and be about 5mm, dimension
Family name's hardness HV630.14, density 15.72g/cm3Novel alloy polishing disk.
4) alloy polishing disk is repaired: the alloy polishing disk after sintering is removed Burr removal, with hard alloy end face car
Cutter turning alloy polishing disk processing end face, uses sand papering；Buffing machine polishes, finally cleans with deionized water, and dry up,
Make alloy polishing disk surface-brightening, cleaning, smooth.As it is shown on figure 3, the alloy polishing disk of sintering has cause after long-time ball milling
Close microstructure.
In FIG it may be seen that diffraction maximum matrix is mixed and disorderly, and the existence of oxide detected.The existence explanation of MoCr
Still there is Mo Yu Cr and W that good solid solution effect does not occur.Fig. 2 with the addition of in the diffracting spectrum after rare earth again, it has been found that
Diffraction maximum is the purest, can't see MoO2Characteristic peak, this explanation rare earth element metallic element can be suppressed at mechanical milling process
Middle generation oxidation reaction.The diffraction peak intensity of Fig. 2 relatively Fig. 1 to exceed 2 times, the corresponding less crystal grain of elongated sharp-pointed diffraction maximum and
Higher degree of crystallinity, so the interpolation of Rare Earth Y is to powder fining crystal grain, improving degree of crystallinity also has significantly effect.
Through high-speed friction polishing test, using the novel W-Mo-Cr alloy polishing disk in the present invention, diamond clearance can
Reach 5.47 μm/min, alloy polishing disk wear rate about 0.239mm3/min.Compared with grinding with traditional mechanical, this novel W-Mo-
Cr alloy polishing disk has continued that traditional tungstenio polishing disk processing effect is good, while the advantage of process stabilization, possessed conventional tungsten
The grinding ratio (material removing rate and the ratio of polishing disk wear extent) of base polishing disk 5-6 times, makes processing diamond process more increase
Effect.
Claims (5)
1. the preparation method of a novel W-Mo-Cr alloy polishing disk, it is characterised in that following steps:
The first step, prepares alloy polishing disk raw material
Tungsten W, molybdenum Mo, chromium Cr, tetra-kinds of powder mix homogeneously of yttrium Y are obtained alloy polishing disk raw material；Described first three powder
It is 70～74% that molar percentage is respectively as follows: tungsten, and molybdenum is 25～29%, and remaining is chromium；Add 0.5～1% yttrium again；
Second step, prepares alloy powder by Mechanical Alloying
Alloy polishing disk raw material stainless steel ball and the first step obtained loads in vacuum sphere grinding jar for 10:1 in mass ratio, and adds
Add ball milling controlling agent dehydrated alcohol, under inert gas shielding, ball milling 40～after 50 hours under 200～240r/min rotating speeds, subtract
Alloy powder is taken out in pressure distillation；
3rd step, utilizes vacuum heating-press sintering to prepare alloy polishing disk
Screening particle diameter, less than the alloy powder of 20 μm, is put in the graphite jig of vacuum heating-press sintering equipment and is sintered, sintering
Process, particularly as follows: temperature is when room temperature rises to 800 DEG C, is incubated 10min；Continuing to heat up, temperature is warming up to 1200 DEG C from 800 DEG C
After, it is incubated 20min；Temperature from 1200 DEG C be warming up to 1400 DEG C after, apply 30MPa pressure, be incubated 60min；Temperature is from 1400 DEG C
After being cooled to 1200 DEG C, sintered specimen furnace cooling obtains alloy polishing disk；
4th step, repairs alloy polishing disk
3rd step is obtained alloy polishing disk and removes Burr removal, with hard alloy end face lathe tool turning, sand papering alloy polishing disk
Processing end face, then is polished alloy polishing disk on buffing machine, finally clean with deionized water dry up obtain surface-brightening,
Cleaning, smooth alloy polishing disk end face, complete the preparation of novel W-Mo-Cr alloy polishing disk.
The preparation method of a kind of novel W-Mo-Cr alloy polishing disk the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that first
The purity of four described in step kind powder is 99.9%, granularity 300 mesh.
The preparation method of a kind of novel W-Mo-Cr alloy polishing disk the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that the
The heating rate of the temperature-rise period described in three steps is 10 DEG C/min.
The preparation method of a kind of novel W-Mo-Cr alloy polishing disk the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that the
The rate of temperature fall of the temperature-fall period described in three steps is 5 DEG C/min.
The preparation method of a kind of novel W-Mo-Cr alloy polishing disk the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the 3rd
The rate of temperature fall of the temperature-fall period described in step is 5 DEG C/min.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115846651A (en) * | 2022-12-16 | 2023-03-28 | 广东工业大学 | Metal polishing disk and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103203453A (en) * | 2013-03-26 | 2013-07-17 | 大连理工大学 | Grinding wheel manufacturing method of edge-sharpening single crystal diamond tool |
| CN105695780A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-06-22 | 大连理工大学 | Method for preparing in-situ Al2X particle-reinforced magnesium matrix composite |
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| US3725091A (en) * | 1971-04-12 | 1973-04-03 | Corning Glass Works | Glass-ceramic metal cermets and method |
| CN1948218A (en) * | 2006-10-19 | 2007-04-18 | 宁夏东方钽业股份有限公司 | High temperature anti oxidation material and high temperature antioxidation coating layer prepared from same |
| CN1947947A (en) * | 2006-11-02 | 2007-04-18 | 大连理工大学 | Method for mfg. abrasion wheel for flattening milling large dimension diamond diaphragm |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115846651A (en) * | 2022-12-16 | 2023-03-28 | 广东工业大学 | Metal polishing disk and preparation method thereof |
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