CN1060711C

CN1060711C - Intelligent feed control system for grinding machines

Info

Publication number: CN1060711C
Application number: CN94107179A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈泮水; 蒋伟; 张锡章
Original assignee: XIANFENG MACHINE TOOL WORKS
Current assignee: XIANFENG MACHINE TOOL WORKS
Priority date: 1994-06-10
Filing date: 1994-06-10
Publication date: 2001-01-17
Anticipated expiration: 2014-06-10
Also published as: CN1099324A

Abstract

The present invention discloses an intelligent feeding control system for grinding machines, which is composed of a working power source (1), a detection circuit (2), an amplifier (3), a shaping circuit (4), a phase discriminator (5), a single chip computer (6), an output amplifying element (7), executive software, etc. The present invention adopts a digital circuit to shape and adopts the single chip computer to carry out digital processing so as to obtain a dynamic zero load active power value, and the executive software controls detection, comparison, count and execution. Therefore, the interference of outside on currents and voltages can be removed, and an automatic knife alignment process is realized. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of strong anti-interference ability, high processing precision, high work efficiency and automaticity, low labor intensity, simple hardware structure, small size, low cost, etc., and is suitable for various grinding machines of alternating current and direct current power sources.

Description

Grinding machine intelligence feed control method and device

The present invention relates to a kind of intelligence control method and device of grinder head feeding.

Grinding machine is the high accuracy process equipment with the bistrique grinding work piece, when grinding work piece, at first needs bistrique good workpiece.Traditional tool setting mode is: by the artificial handwheel that rotates, and microfeed, observing the bistrique place has no-spark, because allowance is little, excessive feeding meeting causes waste product, and contact workpiece does not reach the tool setting purpose again, obviously, this method is not only time-consuming but also consume manpower, and efficient is low, and can not guarantee the tool setting precision.

Disclose for Russian Patent SU798714 number a kind of employing by the threshold comparator relatively by differentiator and two power that integrator is measured; control the device of feeding grinder; it is to take analog circuit (differential; integration; relatively etc.) sampling and control; so its tool setting precision is easy to be subjected to the influence of power-supply fluctuation and components accuracy; especially the artificial comparator threshold that is provided with; preset value influence to external world is more responsive; direct disturbance control and accuracy of detection; this device sampling testing circuit adopts differential integration circuit; its detection range depends on resistance; the value of electric capacity; for different capacity; it is corresponding with it that the bistrique that external condition is different will be got different values; this makes adjusts difficulty; desiring to obtain best fit will debug repeatedly; yet; both just under certain condition, adjusted; the also difficult changeable bistrique of no-load power that adapts to; real work bistrique no-load power is subjected to extraneous all multifactor impacts; as the wheel balance degree; the emery wheel size variation, cooling fluid changes, the grinding spindle cold conditions; hot difference; drag the strap length of grinding head motor; power-supply fluctuation etc., the different time that all will make same grinding head motor work, the fluctuation difference of no-load power during condition; and this undulate quantity; power increment through regular meeting above the tool setting growth of required detection causes misoperation when being tool setting (contact workpiece action), and the 2nd, the tool setting degree of depth differs or is excessive.

European patent 0496303Al discloses a kind of cylindrical grinder of grinding growth form crystal, it is to adopt zero load as first kind of variable-speed feeding speed speed, switch to second kind of speed (low speed) after reaching setting value, when when at a high speed transferring the feed speed of low speed to, can cause the workpiece to be machined approach bigger, be equivalent to carry out once more roughing, and then in low speed, carry out fine finishining.Because its switching point is subjected to the influence of no-load current fluctuation, the appearance and size that makes it workpiece to be machined fluctuates thereupon, has to often do artificial adjustment.

The objective of the invention is to: the shaping of a kind of employing digital circuit is provided, the single-chip microcomputer digital processing obtains the intelligent feed control system for grinding machines of dynamic unloaded active power value, so that suppress external disturbance effectively, improve sensitivity, thereby raising machining accuracy, save the tool setting time, reduce labor intensity, increase work efficiency.

The present invention is achieved in that before grinding work piece, at first sets the grinding wheel feed amount with DIP device, and this quantitative response is grinding head motor power increment Δ P; Connect working power then, deposit Δ P in the internal storage of single-chip microcomputer, grinding wheel feed, testing circuit records no-load current I and the voltage U and the rectifying and wave-filtering of grinding head motor, amplify through amplifier then, phase discriminator is passed through in the shaping circuit shaping again, obtain power control pulsewidth, through repeatedly circulation, get some groups of no-load power average value P 1, P2, P3 ..., take out wherein maximum Pmax then and be decided to be a reference value and deposit single-chip microcomputer in, with Pmax and Δ P stack, draw setting power P '; In the process of grinding head grinding wheel convergence workpiece, constantly detection power P compares P and P ', if P 〉=P ', and continue some circulations, single-chip microcomputer output control signal, by output amplifying element control bistrique, the beginning grinding, said process is carried out by executive software control.

Described executive software flow process is: 1., initialization-2. sampling-3., whether P pulsewidth counting-4., P ' are obtained, as obtain commentaries on classics and 8. carry out-5., calculate cell mean P, return 2. when group sampled value number is not enough-6., ask maximum Pmax in each cell mean, 2. group number deficiency advance to return-7., Pmax and Δ P superpose P ', storage-8., judge P＜P ' sign put 1 return 2.-9., judge whether P 〉=P ' number of times equals to be provided with several No, as return 2. less than No-10., export feed-disabling signal-end.

Grinding machine intelligence feed control device is made up of working power 1, testing circuit 2, amplifier 3, shaping circuit 4, phase discriminator 5, single-chip microcomputer 6, output amplifying element 7 and functional software, phase discriminator is made up of trigger and XOR gate, its connected mode is: the CP end of trigger is connected with input signal I, the D end is connected with the Q end of trigger, and the Q end is connected with XOR gate-input; The CP end of trigger is connected with input signal U, and the D end is connected with the Q end of trigger, and the Q end is connected with XOR gate-input, and the output of XOR gate is connected to single-chip microcomputer.

The present invention compared with the prior art, it is strong to have an antijamming capability, advantage such as the machining accuracy height can be increased work efficiency and automaticity, reduces labor intensity greatly, and its hardware configuration is simple, and volume is little, and price is low, machining accuracy can reach 10 ^-6The m order of magnitude, the operator need not artificially to carry out repeatedly the bistrique regulation and control again, only needs to configure the depth of cut before the start, and start back bistrique can be finished automatic tool preset work in one minute, and can get rid of the interference of extraneous various factors, the grinding machine that is fit to various powers of alterating and direct current uses.

Accompanying drawing 1 is system architecture diagram of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 2 is a phase detector circuit principle oscillogram of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 3 is a phase discriminator input and output oscillogram of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 4 is an operation principle block diagram of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 5 is the flow chart of embodiments of the invention 1;

Accompanying drawing 6 is the flow chart of embodiments of the invention 2.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing enforcement of the present invention is described further:

Embodiment 1: when grinding head motor is ac motor, at first connect jumper F1, F2, F3, after the disconnection jumper was opened F4, F5 start, current signal I was behind full-wave rectifier filter, after making signal and amplify by amplifier LM324, the one tunnel makes the overload protection signal send the output amplifying element; The shaping of trigger 74LS14 of leading up to obtains the I pulse signal, this signal one tunnel as single-chip microcomputer 8031 I signal input, one the tunnel imports as phase discriminator, voltage signal U is behind full-wave rectifier filter, shaping by trigger 74LS14, obtain the U pulse signal, this signal one tunnel as single-chip microcomputer 8031 U signal input, one the tunnel imports as phase discriminator, two trigger 74LS74 of phase discriminator are to the I of input, after the further shaping of U pulse signal, obtain U ' as shown in Figure 3, I ' waveform, carry out the pulsewidth that XOR obtains P (power) through XOR gate 74LS86 again, P is input to 8031 single-chip microcomputers, earlier P pulsewidth (low level) being carried out high frequency by timing frequency (500KHZ) in the single-chip microcomputer 8031 fills, with voltage wave as benchmark, determine starting point to P pulsewidth counting, each counting earlier, add up again, eliminating power frequency by the mode of asking algebraical sum disturbs, power supply is through purifying and rectifying and voltage-stabilizing, provide system+5V, + 15V and-the 15V power supply, read-only memory 2716 storage executive softwares amplify the output function of output element actuating unit, and accompanying drawing 5 is present embodiment executive software block diagrams, before the start, at first set the grinding wheel feed amount with 8421 DIP devices, this quantitative response is the increment Delta P of the moving rate of grinding head motor, after the start, (1) initialization section deposits Δ P in the inside memory of single-chip microcomputer 8031; With the output port zero clearing, input port puts 1, the flag bit zero clearing, mode bit C/T=O (internal pulses counting) is set, No=10 is set, N2=30, (2) judge (whether grinding head motor switches on, then carry out (3) as no current or voltage signal) (3) output alarm signal, (4) put group sampling number N1=15, (5) judge (U=0 while P=0 is false and is then returned execution (5)), judge that (6) (U=1 P=1 simultaneously is false, return execution (6)), (7) judge (U=1 while P=0 is false and is returned execution (7)), (8) counter carries out pad count to P pulsewidth (low level part), (9) judge that having counted denys that (U=0 P=0 simultaneously is false, return execution (8)), (10) stop counting, saving result, judge that (11) (U=0 P=0 simultaneously is false, return execution (11)), (12) open passage, accumulative total, judge that (13) (U=1 P=1 simultaneously is false, return execution (12)), (14) counts corrected value (P=P-2 Δ U), (15) judge that dynamic initial value gets fixed not (P ' non-vanishing then carry out (21)), (16) preserve the P value, the group number subtracts 1 and preserves, judge that (17) (be false in group number cell value=0, return (5)), average (18), and preserve, the group number subtracts 1 and preserves, (19) judge (being false and returning (4) in group counting unit value=0), (20) ask the maximum Pmax in each cell mean, calculate P '=Pmax+ Δ P, return (5) then, (21) judge (P 〉=P ' execution (22) of being false), (22) return execution (5) after sign 1 puts 1, (23) judge (sign 1=1 then carries out (24)), (24) sign 1=0, counter II=No (the secondary counter is assignment again) returns execution (5) then, (25) counter II=counter II-1 judges that (being false in counter II=0, returns (5), (26) P1,3 mouthfuls=1, output control signal control grinding wheel feed motor feed-disabling, finish (27).

Embodiment 2: when grinding head motor is dc motor, at first disconnect jumper F1, F2, F3, connect jumper F4, F5, because the power P of direct current generator is directly proportional with electric current I, voltage can be considered constant, so variation that only needs the variation of detection Δ I can record Δ P, after the start, the current signal I that records by Hall element, through sampling filtering, after making signal and amplify by amplifier LM324, one the tunnel makes the overload protection signal send the output amplifying element, lead up to and obtain I pulse signal (its frequency is proportional to the amplitude of I) after the voltage/frequency conversion, this signal is as the I signal input of single-chip microcomputer 8031, single-chip microcomputer 8031 passes through I pulse signal timing sampling, just can obtain different digital quantity corresponding to I, the circuit function of other parts is identical with embodiment 1, accompanying drawing 6 is present embodiment executive software block diagrams, before the start, at first set the grinding wheel feed amount with 8021 DIP devices, this quantitative response is the increment Delta I of grinding head motor electric current, after the start, (1) initialization section: the inside memory that Δ I is deposited in single-chip microcomputer 8031, with the output port zero clearing, input port puts 1, the flag bit zero clearing, mode bit C/T=1 (external pulse counting) is set, No=10 is set, N2=30, (2) put group sampling number N1=15, (3) open interruption, (4) wait for (10ms), interrupt signal arrives changes the interrupt service routine inlet, (5) get the I count value, preserve, (6) return, (7) get the I value, (8) judge (I ' non-vanishing commentaries on classics (16)), (9) judge (whether grinding head motor switches on, carry out (10) as I=0), (10) output alarm signal, (11) accumulative total, the group number subtracts 1 and preserves, judge that (12) (be false in group counting unit value=0, return (3)), (13) ask cell mean, and preserve, the group number subtracts 1 and preserves, (14) judge (being false and returning (2) in group counting unit=0), (15) ask the maximum ImaX in each cell mean, calculate I '=Imax+ Δ I, return (3) then, (16) judge (I 〉=I ' execution (17) of being false), after putting 1, (17) sign 1 returns execution (3), and (18) judge (sign 1=1, then carry out (19)), (19) sign 1=0, counter II=No (the secondary counter is assignment again) returns execution (3) then, (20) counter II=counter II-1, judge (being false in counter II=0, returns (3)); (21) P1.3 mouth=1, output control signal control grinding wheel feed motor feed-disabling.(22) finish.

Claims

1, a kind of grinding machine intelligence feed control method, it is characterized in that: before grinding work piece, at first set the grinding wheel feed amount with DIP device, this quantitative response is grinding head motor power increment Δ P; Connect working power (1) then, Δ P is deposited in the internal storage of single-chip microcomputer (6), grinding wheel feed, testing circuit (2) records no-load current I and the voltage U and the rectifying and wave-filtering of grinding head motor, amplify through amplifier (3) then, shaping circuit (4) shaping, again by phase discriminator (5), obtain power control pulsewidth, through repeatedly circulation, get some groups of no-load power average value P 1, P2, P3 ..., take out wherein maximum Pmax then and be decided to be a reference value and deposit single-chip microcomputer (6) in, with Pmax and Δ P stack, draw setting power P '; In the process of grinding head grinding wheel convergence workpiece, constantly detection power P compares P and P ', if P 〉=P ', and continue some circulations, single-chip microcomputer (6) output control signal, by output amplifying element (7) control bistrique, the beginning grinding, said process is carried out by executive software control.

2, grinding machine intelligence feed control method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described executive software flow process is: 1., initialization-2. sampling-3., to P pulsewidth counting-4., whether P ' obtains, as obtain commentaries on classics and 8. carry out-5., calculate cell mean P, return 2. when group sampled value number is not enough-6., ask maximum Pmax in each cell mean, return 2. when the group number is not enough-7., Pmax and Δ P superpose P ', storage-8., judge P＜P ' sign put 1 return 2.-9., judge whether P 〉=P ' number of times equals to be provided with several No, as return 2. less than No-10., output feed-disabling signal-end.

3, a kind of grinding machine intelligence feed control device, form by working power (1), testing circuit (2), amplifier (3), shaping circuit (4), phase discriminator (5), single-chip microcomputer (6), output amplifying element (7) and functional software, it is characterized in that: phase discriminator (5) is made up of trigger (8), (9) and XOR gate (10), its connected mode is: the CP end of trigger (8) is connected with input signal I, the D end is connected with the Q end of trigger (9), and Q holds with XOR gate (10)--input is connected; The CP end of trigger (9) is connected with input signal U, and the D end is connected with the Q end of trigger (8), and the Q end is connected with XOR gate (10)-input, and the output of XOR gate (10) is connected to single-chip microcomputer (6).