CN106070260A - 一种含阿维菌素和咯菌腈的农药组合物 - Google Patents
一种含阿维菌素和咯菌腈的农药组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106070260A CN106070260A CN201610450077.8A CN201610450077A CN106070260A CN 106070260 A CN106070260 A CN 106070260A CN 201610450077 A CN201610450077 A CN 201610450077A CN 106070260 A CN106070260 A CN 106070260A
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- avilamycin
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种阿维菌素与咯菌腈的杀线虫组合物，其有效成分为阿维菌素与咯菌腈两者复配。其中阿维菌素与咯菌腈的重量比为1:20‑30:1，制剂中有效成分阿维菌素与咯菌腈的重量份数比为1‑70%，其余为农药中允许使用的助剂和载体，本发明所述的组合物的剂型为可湿性粉剂、颗粒剂、水分散粒剂、悬浮剂、悬乳剂、水乳剂、微乳剂、微囊悬浮剂的一种，主要用于防除根结线虫和枯萎病等病害。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及农药领域，具体涉及的一种含阿维菌素和咯菌腈的农药组合物。
背景技术
线虫通过直接摄食损害、传染病毒和促进细菌和真菌污染而破坏作物。由线虫引起的作物损害经常是非特异性的，易于与干旱、营养不良或病害混淆。典型的症状是枯萎、叶片萎黄和生长不均匀或停止。防治线虫的方法包括使用杀线虫及和熏蒸剂、使用土壤蒸汽熏蒸、使用作物轮作、使用对线虫有抗性和耐受性的植物，所述植物已通过常规育种或重组DNA技术开发出来。
阿维菌素（Abamectin）是由日本北里大学大村智等和美国Merck公司首先开发的一类具有杀菌、杀虫、杀螨、杀线虫活性的十六元大环内酯化合物，是从土壤微生物中分离的天然产物，对昆虫和螨类具有触杀和胃毒作用并由微弱的熏蒸作用，无内吸作用。它对叶片有很强的渗透作用，可杀死表皮下的害虫，且残效期长。
咯菌腈（fludioxonil）是一类新型的非内吸性苯基吡咯类杀菌剂，商品名为适乐时（Celest 025FS）,试验代号为CGA173506。它是假单孢菌属的不同种产生的次生代谢物硝吡咯菌素的类似物，由于它比天然产物硝吡咯菌素抗逛街，能专一性的抑制霉菌而广泛地应用于防治农业生产中的真菌性病害。
目前尚未发现有关阿维菌素和咯菌腈组合使用的农药组合物。
发明内容
发明目的：本发明要解决的第一个技术问题是提供一种针对根结线虫的防治效果好、成本低、可延缓害虫抗药性的含有阿维菌素和咯菌腈的复合农药组合物；本发明的第二个目的在于提供上述复合农药组合物在防治枯萎病上的应用。阿维菌素与咯菌腈，是将不同机理的农药活性成分相互结合，两者一起施用，起到杀菌和杀线虫的双重作用，节省施用成本，能够为种植户有效节省劳力支出。另外，两者复配后，优势互补，可以扩大药剂的防治谱，可以广泛应用于黄瓜、玉米、番茄、大豆、花生、小麦、玉米等作物的种子处理，既能防治虫害又能防治病害，同时提高药效，降低农药的使用量。出人预料的，将阿维菌素与咯菌腈复配后，无论对根结线虫还是病害的防治，两者相互配合可以起到协同增效的作用。
解决方案：为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种含阿维菌素和咯菌腈的复合农药组合物，所述的复合农药组合物包括阿维菌素和咯菌腈，所述阿维菌素和咯菌腈的重量比为1:20-30:1，所述复合组合物还包括助剂和载体，所述组合物中阿维菌素和咯菌腈占组合物的中重量比的1%-70%，余量为农药上常规的助剂和载体，所述复合组合物的剂型为可湿性粉剂、颗粒剂、水分散粒剂、悬浮剂、悬乳剂、水乳剂、微乳剂、微囊悬浮剂。
优选的，阿维菌素和咯菌腈的重量比为1:10-10：1，更有选的，阿维菌素和咯菌腈的重量比为5:1-10：1；
优选的，阿维菌素和咯菌腈占组合物的重量百分含量为1-10%；
优选的，所述助剂和载体为分散剂、润湿剂、乳化剂、防冻剂、消泡剂、增稠剂、崩解剂、稳定剂、成膜剂、着色剂、填料、溶剂中的至少一种，所述的溶剂为有机溶剂、植物油溶剂或水。
上述分散剂为木质素磺酸盐、NNO、二丁基萘磺酸钠、油酸甲基氨基乙基磺酸钠、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或多种；
上述润湿剂为烷基酚甲醛树脂聚氧乙烯醚、十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、聚醚改性聚有机硅氧烷、拉开粉 BX中的一种或多种；
上述乳化剂为十二烷基苯磺酸钙、脂肪酸聚氧乙烯醚、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚磺基琥珀酸酯、苯乙烯基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚、蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪酸聚氧乙烯醚、聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚中的一种或多种；
上述防冻剂为乙二醇、丙二醇、丙三醇、聚乙二醇、山梨醇中的一种或多种；
所述消泡剂为有机硅酮类、硅油、C10-20饱和脂肪酸类化合物中的一种或多种。
上述增稠剂为黄原胶、羟甲基纤维素、明胶、海藻类、石膏、羟乙基纤维素、甲基纤维素、硅酸镁铝、聚乙烯醇中的一种或多种；
上述着色剂为碱性品红、酸性品红、碱性紫色、玫瑰精、酸性紫色中的至少一种；
上述稳定剂为柠檬酸钠、环氧大豆油中的一种或两种；
上述崩解剂为膨润土、尿素、硫酸铵、氯化铝中的一种或多种；
上述成膜剂为PVA-1788、PEG600、BF308、***胶、黄原胶、羟丙基纤维素、羟甲基纤维素、海藻酸钠、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮中一种或多种。
上述填料为凹凸棒土淀粉、轻质碳酸钙、白炭黑、高岭土中的一种或多种。
本发明的有益效果是:
（1）与单剂相比，阿维菌素和咯菌腈的组合物之间防治根结线虫具有明显的增效作用；
（2）阿维菌素和咯菌腈的组合物可以兼治枯萎病、纹枯病、炭疽病等多种病害；
（3）本发明的组合物既能杀线虫又能防治作物病害，省时省力。
（4）本发明的组合物用量低、防效好，对环境更友好。
具体实施方式
为进一步理解本发明，下面结合实施例对本发明进行详细说明。
制剂实施例1: 2% 阿维菌素·咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂
阿维菌素 1.5%
咯菌腈 0.5%
十二烷基苯磺酸钠 2%
乙二醇 6%
烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚 3%
PVA-1788 5%
硅酸镁铝 0.5%
黄原胶 0.3%
玫瑰精 1%
蒸馏水 加至100%
制剂实施例2: 5%阿维菌素·咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂
阿维菌素 2%
咯菌腈 3%
木质素磺酸钠 3%
拉开粉BX 3%
PEG 600 6%
羟甲基纤维素 1%
环氧大豆油 2%
海藻酸钠 1%
玫瑰精 1%
蒸馏水 加至100%
制剂实施例3: 8%阿维菌素·咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂
阿维菌素 1%
咯菌腈 7%
NNO 3%
聚醚改性聚有机硅氧烷 2%
硅酸镁铝 3%
聚乙烯醇 1%
BF308 2%
柠檬酸钠 3%
玫瑰精 1%
蒸馏水 加至100%
制剂实施例4: 1.1%阿维菌素·咯菌腈颗粒剂
阿维菌素 1.0%
咯菌腈 0.1%
木质素磺酸钠 1%
聚乙烯醇 0.5%
聚乙二醇 0.2%
凹凸棒土 60%
高岭土 余量
制剂实施例5: 6%阿维菌素·咯菌腈颗粒剂
阿维菌素 2%
咯菌腈 4%
十二烷基苯磺酸钠 2%
甲基纤维素 1%
聚乙烯醇 1%
凹凸棒土 70%
高岭土 余量
制剂实施例6: 1%阿维菌素·咯菌腈颗粒剂
阿维菌素 0.9%
咯菌腈 0.1%
NNO 1%
聚乙烯醇 0.5%
聚乙二醇 0.5%
凹凸棒土 60%
高岭土 余量
本发明实施例采用室内毒力测定和田间试验相结合的方法。先通过室内毒力测定（按照孙云沛法），明确两种药剂按一定比例复配后的共毒系数CTC,CTC﹤80为拮抗作用，80≤CTC≤120为相加作用，CTC﹥120位增效作用，在此基础上，再进行田间试验。
试验方法：挑取人工接种南方根结线虫的黄瓜根，用组织捣碎机捣碎，依次用200目、300目、500目线虫标准筛过筛，用无菌水冲洗500目线虫筛上的虫卵，配置成卵悬浮液（100个卵/mL）。另置部分卵于无菌水中孵化，取第二天孵化出的幼虫（2龄幼虫）供测试，测试不同配比的阿维菌素与咯菌腈对线虫幼虫或卵悬浮液（100头线虫/mL,或100个卵/mL,相对湿度80-90%，温度23-26℃条件下培养，以清水为对照，每处理设置三次重复）的毒力。
测定结果表明，阿维菌素和咯菌腈复配，在配比为1:30-30:1时，共毒系数都在80以上，复配组合物为相加或增效作用；在配比为1:20-30：1之间时，共毒系数都在120以上，对南方根结线虫具有很好的协同增效作用，尤其在5:1-1：10时，协同增效作用更优，共毒系数均在190以上；其中，阿维菌素与咯菌腈在10：1时，增效作用最明显。
为了更好的验证本发明的实际应用效果，下面采用本发明的实施例的制剂，作黄瓜根结线虫田间药效试验，每处理重复三次，每小区一个重复，采用随机区组排列，小区面积20m2,于播种前整地施药浅混，随机播种。分别于药后20天、40天调查根结线虫数量。调查方法采用对角线取样法，每点取样3株，调查病情指数及发病率。
供试药剂：（1）制剂实施例4所述的颗粒剂；（2）制剂实施例5所述的颗粒剂；（3）制剂实施例6所述的颗粒剂；（4）1.0%阿维菌素颗粒剂；（5）50%咯菌腈可湿性粉剂。
根结线虫危害的分类标准，根据根结线虫的多少将病情分为五级：
0级：无根结；
1级：根结占全根系的1-25%；
2级：根结占全根系的26-50%；
3级：根结占全根系的51-75%；
4级：根结占全根系的76-100%。
按式（5）和（6）计算黄瓜根结线虫的病情指数：
试验结果见表2
田间试验结果表明，阿维菌素与咯菌腈的复配制剂均明显好于对照单剂，说明两者复配后能够较好的防治根结线虫，减少用药量，降低成本。其中，1.1%阿维菌素·咯菌腈颗粒剂药后20天和40天对根结线虫的防效都在89%以上，防治效果最优。
以上实施例表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和该井，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围以所附权利要求为准。
Claims (8)
1.一种农药组合物，其特征在于，所述农药组合物活性成分包括阿维菌素和咯菌腈。
2.根据权利要求1所述的农药组合物，其特征在于，所述阿维菌素和咯菌腈的重量比为1:30-30：1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的农药组合物，其特征在于，所述阿维菌素和咯菌腈的重量比为1:20-30：1。
4.根据权利要求1所述的农药组合物，其特征在于，所述阿维菌素和咯菌腈的重量比为5:1-10:1。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的农药组合物，其特征在于，阿维菌素和咯菌腈重量总和在农药组合物中的重量百分比为1-70%。
6.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的农药组合物，其特征在于，它的剂型为可湿性粉剂、颗粒剂、水分散粒剂、悬浮剂、悬乳剂、水乳剂、微乳剂、微囊悬浮剂中的一种。
7.一种如权利要求1-6中任一项权利要求所述的农药组合物用于防治根结线虫病的用途。
8.一种如权利要求1-6中任一项权利要求所述的农药组合物用于防治枯萎病、纹枯病、炭疽病等病害的用途。
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| CN115005217A (zh) * | 2022-07-18 | 2022-09-06 | 衡阳市蔬菜研究所 | 一种防治辣椒根结线虫病的杀线虫组合物 |
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