CN1060688C - 包括多功能折叠式泵室的泵装置 - Google Patents
包括多功能折叠式泵室的泵装置 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1060688C CN1060688C CN94192578A CN94192578A CN1060688C CN 1060688 C CN1060688 C CN 1060688C CN 94192578 A CN94192578 A CN 94192578A CN 94192578 A CN94192578 A CN 94192578A CN 1060688 C CN1060688 C CN 1060688C
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- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
- B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
- B05B1/3405—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
- B05B1/341—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
- B05B1/3421—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber
- B05B1/3431—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber the channels being formed at the interface of cooperating elements, e.g. by means of grooves
- B05B1/3436—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber the channels being formed at the interface of cooperating elements, e.g. by means of grooves the interface being a plane perpendicular to the outlet axis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
- B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
- B05B1/3405—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
- B05B1/341—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
- B05B1/3468—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with means for controlling the flow of liquid entering or leaving the swirl chamber
- B05B1/3473—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with means for controlling the flow of liquid entering or leaving the swirl chamber in response to liquid pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
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- B05B11/0005—Components or details
- B05B11/0062—Outlet valves actuated by the pressure of the fluid to be sprayed
- B05B11/007—Outlet valves actuated by the pressure of the fluid to be sprayed being opened by deformation of a sealing element made of resiliently deformable material, e.g. flaps, skirts, duck-bill valves
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- B05B11/1028—Pumps having a pumping chamber with a deformable wall
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
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- B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
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- Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
- Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
- Massaging Devices (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
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- Preventing Unauthorised Actuation Of Valves (AREA)
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Abstract
提供一种折叠式泵室(60),该泵室包括泵装置的若干功能元件。例如折叠式泵室可以是一个波纹筒,该波纹筒包括出口阀的功能元件(91)、偏压部件的功能元件(82)和旋转室(91)的功能元件。因而所有下游的功能元件都结合在波纹筒(60)上。由于例如减少了加工和组装操作因而显著降低了成本。与此相反,没有上游部件装在波纹筒上,这使得波纹筒的上游或入口端部大大张开,因而容易模制成型。
Description
本发明的背景
1.发明的领域
本发明涉及与消费品容器一起用的手动操作液体配送泵装置;具体涉及具有执行多功能的折叠式泵室(例如波纹筒式泵室)的这种泵装置。
2.先有技术
先有技术的用于从供应容器中泵送液体的手工操作配送装置是众所周知的。这些液体配送器传统上利用活塞和缸形泵室。一般采用螺旋形金属簧提供使活塞返回其初始位置所需要的力。另外的部件一般是入口阀、出口阀和通气阀。另外,在需要使液体喷射的情况下,通常还需要另外的部件旋流室。这种活塞和缸配送装置的一个缺点是由于需要套筒式紧配合来达到液密密封,因而在活塞和缸之间产生大量滑动摩擦。而且还可能在活塞和缸之间发生卡紧现象。另一个缺点是包括相当多的部件,例如像通常使用的喷射器这样的部件,这一般增加了这种泵的成本。
因而已经提出用手动压缩的柔性泵室来代替活塞和缸。例如已经利用波纹筒来代替活塞、缸和返回弹簧的作用。另一些液体配送装置已利用膜盒或软球胆作手动压缩泵室。使用这种手动压缩泵室基本上没有摩擦,不会发生伴随活塞和缸可能产生的卡紧现象。这些泵装置中的一些泵具有与泵室整体成型的鸭嘴形的、挡板形的和/或环形的密封阀。使用这种阀的一个缺点是,这种阀不容易再整体成型其它的功能元件。因此一般需要外加的部件。因此增加了泵装置的成本。另外,整体成型可靠的阀门比较困难。
本发明概要
提供手动操作液体配送装置。配送装置包括用于密封地将配送装置安装在供应容器上的外壳。另外,液体通道可使液体从供应容器顺流到排出口。入口阀位于液体通道内。在逆流压力为正的期间,入口阀关闭,阻止流体流过,而在下游压力为负的期间,入口阀打开,允许流体流过。出口阀位于液体通道中的入口阀的下游。在上游压力为正时出口阀打开,允许流体流过,而在上游压力为负时出口阀关闭,阻止流体流过。折叠式泵室(最好是弹性的)形成位于入口阀下游和出口阀上游的液体通道部分。
按照本发明的一个方面,配送装置还包括形成液体通道终端部分的旋流室。旋流室包括具有排出口的第一功能元件和第二功能元件,第二功能元件是折叠式泵室的整体组成元件。
按照本发明的另一方面,配送装置还包括偏压部件,用于偏压出口阀或入口阀使其关闭。该偏压部件包括提供一部分偏压力的功能元件,后者是折叠式泵室的整体组成元件。
按照本发明的另一方面,入口阀、出口阀或两种阀都包括阀部件,该阀部件能够受到轴向偏压力的作用而压靠在相配合的阀座上。另外,阀部件是折叠式泵室的整体组成部件。
附图的简要说明
尽管本说明书以特别指出的并特别说明本发明专利范围的权利要求书结尾,但是应当看到,通过下面结合附图所作的说明可以更好地理解本发明。这些附图是:
图1是本发明特别优选的液体配送泵装置的分解透视图;
图2是图1所示的已装配好的液体配送泵装置沿中心线截取的截面图;
图3是在操作中的液体配送泵装置的类似图2的截面图;
图4是图1液体配送泵装置的多功能折叠式泵室的放大透视图;
图5是图1液体配送泵装置出口端的放大局部截面图;
图6是本发明另一个特别优选的液体配送泵装置的类似图1的分解透视图;
图7是图6的完全装配好的液体配送泵的透视图;
图8是图6液体配送泵装置已装配好的类似图2的截面图;
图9是图6所示的处于操作中的液体配送泵的类似图3的截面图;
图10是本发明再一个特别优选的液体配送泵装置的类似图8的截面图;
图11是图10所示的已装配的在操作中的液体配送泵装置的类似图9的截面图;
图12是本发明其它优选实施例的类似图5的放大局部截面图;
图13是本发明其它优选实施例的类似图5的放大局部截面图;
图14是本发明其它优选实施例的类似图5的放大局部截面图;
图15是本发明其它优选实施例的类似图5的放大局部截面图。
发明的详细说明
在图1的分解透视图中示出本发明的特别优选的液体配送泵装置,一般用附图标记20表示。该特别优选的完全装配好的液体配送泵装置20的截面图示于图2,而其在操作状态的截面图示于图3。所示液体配送泵装置20基本上包括入口阀部件50;启动器22;通气管16;汲取管40;包括喷嘴70、护罩11和锁合件12的外壳10;以及折叠式泵室60。
按照本文所用,术语“折叠式泵室”定义为至少是部分由可变形壁形成的泵室,该泵室可以响应手动压缩力而移动,使得泵室的体积减小,而在形成泵室的任何部分之间不引起滑动摩擦。这种可压缩的泵室可以包括由弹性材料例如热塑性弹性材料、弹性热固性材料(包括橡胶)等作的气球形膜片和软外壳。例如(未示出),折叠式泵室可以包括围绕弹性材料或由弹性材料复盖的螺旋形的金属或塑料弹簧,从而形成封闭的泵室。但是,优选的折叠式泵室60是波纹筒(bellows),即大体为圆筒形的空心结构,具有折叠式的壁。波纹筒受到优选是因为例如波纹筒可以作成弹性的,像弹簧那样作用,因而可去掉弹簧。另外,折叠式泵室包括一个或多个整体成形的元件,这些元件可以使折叠式泵室执行多种功能。按本文所用,术语“整体”被定义为模制成形或用其它方法成形为单一的整体部件。
外壳10用于将液体配送装置20通过锁合件密封地安装在液体供应容器(未示出)上。所示的锁合件12包括将外壳10装在供应容器(未示出)上的螺纹17。另外,锁合件12还可以利用卡口式连接构件(未示出),例如在下列已作为参考包括在本说明中的美国专利所述的卡口连接构件:在1988年11月1日由Dunning等提出的美国专利No.4 781 311和在1975年10月7日由Foster提出的美国专利No.3 910 444。另外,锁合件12可以与护罩11整体成形。所示的护罩11包括整体成形的用于将启动器22装在外壳10上的“C”形铰链13和用于将喷嘴70装在外壳10上的许多小凸出部14。所示的外壳10还包括具有通气阀座15的通气管16。通气管16和其阀座15可以与护罩11或锁合件12整体成形(未示出)。外壳10可以用一种或多种热塑性材料例如聚丙烯、聚乙烯等模制成型。
液体通道穿过外壳10,该通道由若干部件构成,包括汲取管40、筒式管24、折叠式泵室60和喷嘴70。液体通道使流体沿顺流方向从供应容器(未示出)中的汲取管40的远端部流到喷嘴70的排出口77。按本文所述,术语“顺流(或下游)“被定义为从供应容器(未示出)到喷嘴70的方向的流动,而术语“逆流(或上游)”被定义为从喷嘴70到供应容器(未示出)的方向的流动。同样,按本文所用,短语“入口端”是指上游端,而短语“出口端”则指下游端。
筒式管24构成液体通道的一部分,该筒式管与启动器22整体成形。如下面要说明的那样,启动器22被用来手动压缩折叠式泵室60。启动器22利用铰链13通过整体成形的圆柱形枢轴21连接在外壳10上,从而使启动器22可以相对于外壳10自由转动。启动器22还包括弯的筒式管24、泵联接器23、入口阀座26和通风阀部件29,所有这些部件最好与启动器22整体成形。启动器22可以用热塑性材料例如聚丙烯、聚乙烯等模制成型。
筒式管24上游端部的外表面作成圆锥形的通气阀部件29。另外,通气管16提供圆锥形阀座。因此通气阀部件29和通气阀座15形成通气阀15和29。由于波纹筒60的弹性,通气阀15和29受到偏压关闭,因而封闭汲取管40和通气管16之间的通气通道42。当用于使启动器22绕枢轴21转动时,通气阀15和29启开,因而使流体通过在容器(未示出)内部和大气之间的通气通道流动,使得在通过泵装置20抽取容器(未示出)中的液体时,在容器(未示出)内的内压力可以与大气平衡。
另外,摩擦嵌入筒式管24中的汲取管40构成液体通道的另一部分。汲取管40最好由筒式管24固定,与泵连接件23成一个角度。该角度最好等于当液体配送泵装置20连接到液体供给容器(未示出)上时起动器22转动的最大角度的一半。汲取管40最好用热塑性材料例如聚丙烯、聚乙烯等制成。
液体入口阀50位于液体通道中并通过保持凸出部28连接在泵连接件23上。保持凸出部28的圆周围绕阀座26配置,因而当液体通过液体通道向下游流动时,保持凸出部可以支持入口阀部件50。液体入口阀26和50可以是先有技术中任何已知类型的阀,包括鸭嘴形阀、球阀或提动型(poppet-type)阀等。所示的液体入口阀26和50包括提动型的阀部件50和圆锥形的阀座26。入口阀部件50与入口阀座26相配合可以在下游压力为正的条件下关闭液体通道。
折叠式泵室60构成液体通道的另一部分。折叠式泵室60的结构是可变形的,可以用手压缩,因而可以减小折叠式泵室60的体积。虽然可以利用弹簧(未示出)来帮助折叠式泵室60恢复到其初始形状,但折叠式泵室60最好具有足够的弹性,使得它可以在松开手的压力之后回复到其初始形状。
所示的折叠式泵室是波纹筒。较好的波纹筒应当具有若干特性。例如波纹筒应当使泵装置容易起动。一般来说这意味着具有约3~5磅的弹力。波纹筒还应当具有很好的弹性、迟滞性和爬行性最小。另外,波纹筒最好在径向方向具有很好的刚性(环周强度),以保证在正常的操作条件下波纹筒在径向不发生形变。最后,波纹筒最好具有一个很好的容积系数,即内部容积的变化与完全膨胀的内部容积之比。
使波纹筒具有合适特性的一些几何参数包括波纹筒的直径。直径越大,弹力越低,径向刚性越低。虽然一般希望弹力小,但是径向刚性低可是一个问题,如在预压缩触发喷射器时,波纹筒可能射出。增加褶片的壁厚度将增加径向刚性,但是这又增加了弹力,导致波纹筒的容积系数下降。减小褶片角度通常减小弹力,但减小容积系数。褶片角度是两个角度的组合:在垂直于轴线并穿过褶片起点的线的上游的角度和在这条线下游的角度。在垂直线上游的褶片角最好约30°,而在垂直线下游的褶片角最好约为45°(使得容易从中心销上取下波纹筒)。增加褶片的数目将降低弹力和容积系数。
虽然不能期望是一定的,但可以认为,弹力的主要因素是壁厚度和上下游的褶片角,虽然弹性主要取决于材料的选择。
材料的选择还有助于使波纹筒具有合适的特性。一般地讲,材料最好具有低于10000psi(磅每平方英寸)的杨氏模量。对于洗涤剂泵,杨氏模量低于3000psi是比较好的。材料应当可以保持机械特性、尺寸稳定和抗应力破裂。这些特性应当在空气中和存在液体时长时间保持。因此对于一般喷射包括大量水的酸性或碱性清洗剂的触发喷射器,材料应当对pH值不敏感,不应当受到水解。典型的这种材料包括聚烯烃材料,例如聚丙烯、低密度聚乙烯、甚低密度聚乙烯、乙烯乙酸乙烯酯。可以采用的其它材料包括热固性材料(如橡胶)和热塑性弹性材料。对触发喷射器最优选的是乙酸乙烯酯含量在大约10%和80%之间的高分子量乙烯乙酸乙烯酯。对于其它的泵(例如洗涤剂泵),pH值和水解可能不是问题。弹性大而弹力低可能是更重要的。在这种情况下,低模量的乙烯乙酸乙烯酯或甚低密度聚乙烯是比较好的。
典型的波纹筒用乙烯乙酸酯(ethylene vinyl acetate)或低密度聚乙烯制作,大的内直径是0.6英寸,小的内直径是0.4英寸,壁厚在约0.02~0.03英寸之间。总的褶片角约75°,上游褶片角30,而下游褶片角45°。
形成本实施例手动压缩泵室60的波纹筒通过启动器22的泵联接器23连接在外壳10上。波纹筒60的顺流端部或入口端部通过配合的环形肋31和62装在泵联接器23上。配合的环形肋31和62还有助于在正的泵压力下形成液密密封。因此,波纹筒60的入口端与液体供应容器(未示出)液体相通。波纹筒60的入口端是张开的,因而可以进行可靠的经济的热塑料模制。
同样,波纹筒60的出口端部通过匹配的环形肋72和65连接在喷嘴70上,使得在正的泵压力下形成液密密封。喷嘴70通过许多小凸出部14装在护罩11上,该小凸出部件牢固地结合在喷嘴70上的同样数目的槽78中。喷嘴70与波纹筒60的出口端液体相通并形成通道的一部分,该喷嘴包括排出口77。喷嘴70还包括出口阀座72。喷嘴70还包括装载密封装置的铰接门(未示出),该铰接门可以移到关闭位置,封闭排出口77,或移到打开的位置,使液体可以通过排出口77排出。喷嘴70可以用热塑性材料例如聚丙烯、聚乙烯等模制成型。
参照图4和5,波纹筒60最好包括整体的功能元件旋流室90。旋流室90包括液体通道的下游终端部分。所示的旋流室90由包括端壁76和排出口77的喷嘴70和与波纹筒60的下游端部整体成形的旋转器91构成。所示的波纹筒60与喷嘴70成直线并靠近喷嘴70。旋转器91具有一般的空心圆筒形状,在侧壁上具有两个弧形通道92,该通道使液体切向流向旋转器90侧壁的内表面并与排出口77的轴相切。这使液体在要喷出排出口77之前受到径向动量的作用,有助于形成喷射。另外,例如如图12、14和15所示,旋流通道92可与喷嘴70整体模制成型,这将在下面说明。在下列专利中公开了可选用的弹簧和旋流室的例子:Quinn在1981年6月16日被颁发的美国专利No.4 273 290和Foster等在1993年8月10日被颁发的美国专利No.5 234 166,这些专利已作为参考包含在本发明中。
波纹筒60最好还包括整体成形的功能元件出口阀。出口阀包括出口阀部件80和出口阀座75。如图所示,出口阀部件80是通过两个或多个整体成形的可弯曲腿66与波纹筒60构成整体的那部分,该可弯曲的腿66像辐条一样在阀部件80和波纹筒主体60之间径向延伸。出口阀座75包括圆锥形的表面,该表面与出口阀部件80的圆锥形表面相配合。出口阀75和80位于液体通道内,用于在负的上游压力条件下封闭液体通道。可替代的液体出口阀(未示出)可以是先有技术中任何已知类型的阀,包括鸭嘴形阀、球阀和提动阀等。
出口阀75和80或入口阀26和50最好在静止时关闭,使得泵不会失去在两次操作之间灌入的液体。关闭的最好是出口阀75和80,因为这样有很多好处。例如,因为出口阀75和80更靠近排出口77,所以在关闭出口阀时,或许只有很少量产品从喷嘴70滴出。更好的是使出口阀75和80受到偏压而关闭。最好的是对阀75和80加较大的偏压力进行关闭,使得形成预加压力。当出口阀75和80保持关闭时,预加压力以这种泵喷射器的典型的消费产品的流速形成,一直到波纹筒60内的压力达到约50psi。加偏压有助于形成很好的喷射并使喷射流很快地开始和停止。如下面要说明的,可以对出口阀75和80这样施加偏压,使得偏压力随出口阀75和85的启开而降低。如图所示,可以用腿66或弹簧84,或用二者形成偏压力。
所示的弹簧82为菱形,可用滑块模制成形。另外,这种弹簧82提供准确地沿弹簧82轴线作用的力。弹簧82未变形的腿与液体通道的轴线成小角度(β),在这种状态下,偏压弹簧82的力与在通道方向的β力矢量的乘积接近最大。当波纹筒60内的正液体压力作用在出口阀部件80的表面上时,弹簧82的腿便可弯曲地绕棱角转动并且角度β增加因而减小了β力矢量积。因而,与腿66和弹簧82的腿材料的弹性形成的弹力分量相比当这种弹力分量较大时,出口阀75和80便可以以这样方式受到偏压力,即弹簧82的偏压力随着阀的启开而降低。可以用来对出口阀75和80施加偏压的另外的弹簧(未示出)包括螺簧和波状板簧。另外,将波纹筒60连接到出口阀部件80上的腿66可以提供一部分或全部偏压力。因此,所示的本发明的波纹筒60包括该液体配送泵装置20的所有下游内部功能件(即具有偏压元件的出口阀和旋流室)的整体成形的功能元件。
参照图3,该液体配送器20的操作包括手压启动器22,使启动器22绕枢轴21转动。因为启动器22通过泵联接器23连接在波纹筒60上,所以启动器22的这种转动导致波纹筒60的手控转动压缩。这样形成的压缩在波纹筒60内产生正压力,因为入口阀26和50是不加偏压力而封闭的,所以只要该阀还没有完全关闭,该正压力便迫使入口阀26和50关闭。因此,在入口阀26和50的下游压力为正的这个期间,该入口阀26和50是关闭的,这可以阻止波纹筒60中的液体返回容器(未示出)。
同时,在波纹筒60中的出口阀75和80上游的正压力作用在出口阀部件80上,当泵室60中的压力达到足够高的水平,使腿66和弹簧84弯曲时,出口阀部件80便与出口阀座75脱离啮合,使阀启开。因而在波纹筒60中的液体便在压力下流过在出口阀部件80和出口阀座75之间形成的环形间隙。液体在压力下继续流过旋转室90,即旋转器91的旋转通道92,并流出排出孔77。当液体通过旋转室90时,该液体在射出排出口77之前得到径向动量。径向和轴向合动量使液体以薄圆锥形片的形状射出排出口77,该薄圆锥片然后很快破碎为液粒。作为加压关闭出口阀75和80以产生喷出液体的压力的另一方法,旋转通道92(或例如排出口77)可以起流量限制的作用,这种限制可以导致出射液体压力的增加。
启动器22的转动也导致同时启开通气阀15和29。在筒式管24端部的通气阀部件29连接在启动器22上,使得启动器22的转动可以使通气阀部件29移离通气阀座15。这便在外壳10的通气管16和汲取管40之间形成大体为环形的通气通道42。通气通道42使容器(未示出)内部和大气之间形成流体相通。因此空气可以通过该通气通道42从大气流入到容器(未示出)以替代从容器(未示出)中正抽出的液体容积。通气管16包括其下端的用于减小通气通道42直径的环形肋18,使得在操作期间液体不容易溅入空气通道42。例如,环形肋18的内径最好大于汲取管40的外径约0.005英寸。因为汲取管40由转动启动器22保持住,所以汲取管40可以按照启动器22的自然弧形弯曲。另一方面,通气阀的开口可以作得足够大,使得不需要弯曲汲取管40。
当松开启动器22时,波纹筒60通过其弹性恢复到其未压缩的状态。另外连同波纹筒60一起操作的弹簧(未示出)也有助于波纹筒60的复原。因为波纹筒60通过联接器23连接在启动器22上,所以波纹筒60的复原也使启动器22转到其初始位置。当波纹筒60复原到其未压缩的初始状态时,在泵室60中便形成负压或真空。在出口阀75和80上游的负压以及偏压弹簧82和腿66的弹性将使液体出口阀75和80关闭。同时在入口阀26和50下游发生的该负压使液体入口阀26和50启开,使液体通过汲取管40进入波纹筒60。小凸出部28限制液体入口阀部件50松开的量,使得该阀部件50正确地位于当下一次手动驱动液体配送泵装置20时便能关闭的位置。
参照图6、7和8,图中示出本发明的液体配送装置120的第二可替换实施例。该实施例利用波纹筒160的直线移动,而不用转动。喷嘴170大体类似于喷嘴70,但喷嘴170总的尺寸稍小,它包括在其三个侧面的每个侧面上的凸出部178和附属壁173(见图8)。同样,波纹筒160大体类似于波纹筒60。但波纹筒160包括靠近其入口端的弹性的环形延伸法兰161,该法兰压靠外壳110的内侧形成杯形密封。
启动器122基本上根据图1的启动器修改。例如启动器包括两个向上伸长的臂,每个臂包括铰接部113。该铰接部113与位于护罩111顶部的枢轴121配合。因此该启动器122的支承点位于外壳110的顶部上。启动器122还包括推压凸出部119,该凸出部与喷嘴170的附属壁173配合,使得在手动驱动(即转动)启动器122时线性压缩波纹筒160。或者(未示出),使启动器122刚性地固定在喷嘴170上,使得启动器122可以被致动,形成直线运动而不是转动。
同样,外壳110也有重大改变。例如,外壳110包括通道114,该通道与喷嘴170上的三个凸出部178相配合,以使喷嘴170固定就位,同时可以使喷嘴170相对于外壳110进行直线的往复运动。外壳110还包括用于联接波纹筒160和内垂直壁130的泵联接器123,该联接器123在它和波纹筒160的弹性法兰161之间形成封闭的环形空间。在外壳110上的通气孔142使该封闭的环形空间和供给容器(未示出)的内部之间流体相通。类似于前一实施例的入口阀26和50,提动阀部件150与圆锥形的入口阀座126相配合。在另一种配置(未示出)中,外壳110可改变为在外壳110和汲取管140之间装入球形止回阀,取代如图所示的入口阀126和150。
为了从供应源容器(未示出)中配送液体产品,手动操作启动器122,如图9所示,使得凸出部119与附属壁173配合,使喷嘴170向后沿直线方向向锁合件112移动。利用凸出部178和通道114的配合,使喷嘴170沿此方向移动。当喷嘴170向后移动时,波纹筒160被压缩,由此关闭入口阀126和150并打开出口阀175和180,使液体通过旋流室190喷出。液体通过旋流通道191进入旋流室190,该旋流通道191与侧壁结合使液体在喷出排出口177时旋转。因此使液体由供应容器(未示出)中喷出来。
在松开启动器122时,波纹筒160的弹性起着如弹簧的作用,因而膨胀,回到其初始形状。或者,可以加一个弹簧以提供外加的弹力。波纹筒160的膨胀使其中产生负压。在此上游负压期间,出口阀175和180关闭。同时在此下游负压期间,入口阀126和150打开,使得液体流入波纹筒160,以便进行下一次配送操作。同时,只要在容器(未示出)中产生足够的负压,空气可以通过由波纹筒160的环形法兰161和外壳110的内表面构成的杯形封闭通气阀门。因而使容器(未示出)通气,液体配送泵装置120可以被灌注液体,以便进行随后的配送操作。
配送装置220的第二可替代实施例示于图9和10,该实施例提供直线驱动往复移动的向上配送泵装置。这种直线驱动的向上配送装置220普通用来喷射治疗鼻的药剂,例如减充血剂。因此外壳210有重大改变,以便喷射有正确的指向,外壳包括彼此嵌套的上壳211和下壳212并由配合的环形肋214和278固定。上壳211包括环形突出部227,该凸出部构成手动配送泵装置220的机构。类似于前面的实施例,下壳212包括螺纹217、通气通道242、泵联接器223、保持凸出部228、入口通道232和入口阀座226,上壳211包括出口通道274、配合肋272、出口阀座275和配送口277。另外,波纹筒260和汲取管240基本上与前面实施例的相同(虽然较小些)。
将拇指放在容器(未示出)的底部,两个中指放在凸出部227上便可以进行该喷射装置220的操作。当使拇指和中指靠近时,上壳212和下壳211便彼此相向移动,由此压缩波纹筒260。这导致波纹筒260内产生正压力。在此正的逆流压力期间入口阀部件250压在入口阀座226上而封闭(由此关闭入口阀)。在波纹筒260内的压力继续增加,一直到克服出口阀部件280压靠在出口阀座275上的偏压力。在此时,出口阀275和280打开,使液体可以从旋流室290的配送口277喷出。
松开手的压力时,波纹筒260由于其弹性回到其未压缩的状态,从而在波纹筒260内产生负压。在此负压期间,出口阀275和280关闭,入口阀226和250打开,使液体可以从供应容器(未示出)流入波纹筒260,因而可以灌注波纹筒260,以便进行下一次配送操作。同时,只要在容器(未示出)内产生足够的负压,空气可以穿过由波纹筒260的环形法兰261和外壳210的内表面构成的杯形封闭通气阀。因此可以使容器(未示出)通气并为下一次配送操作灌入。
如前所述,本发明的折叠式泵室最好包括使下游功能件例如出口阀、出口阀偏压部件和/或旋流室的整体成形功能元件。图12~15示出另外的波纹筒实施例,该实施例可以应用在例如上述任何一种配送装置中,但是,为了避免重复,这些可选用的波纹筒仅相对于图1的液体配送泵装置20示出。
图12示出的另一种波纹筒360利用了具有线性增大弹力的弹簧382。除弹簧382外,可以由腿366提供部分偏压力。这种弹簧382普通用来使旋转器391在典型的喷射泵装置特别是触发喷射器中固定就位。另外,旋流室390的旋流通道391与喷嘴370整体成形,而不是与波纹筒360整体成形。因此波纹筒360提供形成旋流室390的第二部分,即端壁276。虽然端壁276可以用简单的柱子形成,但是端壁276最好包括圆柱形凸出部271,该凸出部嵌入旋流室290的中部,该旋流室有助于将转动的切向动量加在要喷射的液体上。径向臂294将端壁276保持在相对于旋流室290其余部分的合适的轴向方向上。
图13的另一种波纹筒460利用杆482来代替弹簧,利用杯形封闭的出口阀部件480来代替提动型的出口阀部件80。因为可以简单地对出口阀部件480施加偏压,方法是控制波纹筒460和出口阀部件480之间的杆的长度和/或控制出口阀部件480和旋转器491之间的杆482的长度,所以不需要弹簧82。另外,出口阀部件480的中心部分不需要轴向移动,因为出口阀475和480通过阀部件480的圆周部分的运动而启开。
该实施例还包括移动密封装置,该密封装置利用喷嘴470的部分495的转动来打开和关闭。当转动喷嘴部分495使喷嘴部分495中的通道496与旋转器491的转动通道492不对准时,移动密封装置关闭。相反,当喷嘴部分495的转动使喷嘴部分495中的通道496与旋转器491的旋转通道492准直时,移动密封装置打开。在一个可选装置(未示出)中,喷嘴470可以是单一的整体部件,该部件可以在打开和关闭位置之间转动。这种可选装置需要分别在外壳410和波纹筒460增加相匹配的槽和突出部以防止在喷嘴470转动期间发生的波纹筒460的(和因而发生的旋转器491的)偶然转动。
图14的波纹筒560包括代替弹簧82的杆582,并类似于图11,旋转通道592位于喷嘴570上。但是本实施例的喷嘴570包括可弯曲的膜579,该膜与柱591的圆柱形部分571结合在一起起出口阀的作用。易弯曲的膜579作为出口阀部件,而柱571作为阀座。当波纹筒560被压缩时,在易弯曲膜579后面的流体处于正的压力下,因此,作用在易弯曲膜579上的向外的力使膜579向外弯曲。在向外弯曲时,排出口577便移离柱591的圆柱形部分571,由此使液体喷出。因为易弯曲膜579和柱591的圆柱形部分571可以构形成引起预压力,所以这种结构是有利的。另外,因为出口阀571和591是在液体通道的末端,所以喷射后的滴漏显著减小。
图15的波纹筒660基本上与图14的相反。波纹筒660包括易弯曲的膜659。该膜响应波纹筒660中的正压力而向后运动。因此出口阀包括柱671和喷嘴670。
虽然已经例示和说明本发明的特定实施例,但是可以进行修改而不违背本发明的意旨。例如,液体可以以简单的液体流排出(如在洗涤剂泵的情况),其中喷嘴是开放通孔,或者作为泡沫排出,其中空气在泡沫形成装置上或靠近泡沫形成装置(例如屏栅(screen)或静态混合机)的地方与液体混合(例如通过文丘里管)。因此本发明包括在所附权利要求范围内的所有实施例。
Claims (20)
1.一种手动操作的配送装置,用于从供应容器中泵送液体并使液体通过排出口喷射出,其特征在于,包括:
(a)用于将配送泵密封地安装在供应容器上的外壳,该外壳包括液体通道的一部分,该液体通道形成使流体从供应容器顺流到排出口的流路;
(b)旋流室,包括旋流通道和排出口,形成液体通道的终端部分,该旋流室由包括排出口的第一功能元件和第二功能元件构成;
(c)入口阀,位于液体通道内,在下游压力为正的期间该阀关闭,阻止流体通过,而在下游压力为负的期间该阀打开,允许流体通过;
(d)出口阀,在入口阀的下游,位于液体通道内,在上游压力为正的期间该阀打开,允许流体流过,而在上游压力为负的期间该阀关闭,阻止流体通过;
(e)折叠式泵室,该泵室构成液体通道的一部分,在入口阀的下游和出口阀的上游,该折叠式泵室包括作为其整体组成元件的旋流室第二功能元件。
2.如权利要求1所述的手动操作配送装置,其特征在于,出口阀包括作为其功能元件的出口阀部件和出口阀座,该折叠式泵室包括作为其整体组成元件的出口阀功能元件。
3.如权利要求1所述的手动操作配送装置,其特征在于,出口阀受偏压部件施加的偏压力而关闭,该偏压部件的功能元件是折叠式泵室的整体组成元件。
4.如权利要求2所述的手动操作配送装置,其特征在于,出口阀受偏压部件施加的偏压力而关闭,偏压部件的功能元件是折叠式泵室的整体组成元件。
5.如权利要求4所述的手动操作配送装置,其特征在于,旋流室的整体功能元件邻接偏压部件的整体功能元件,偏压部件的整体功能元件邻接出口阀的整体功能元件。
6.一种手动操作配送装置,用于从供应容器中泵送液体并通过排出口配送液体,其特征在于,包括:
(a)用于将配送泵密封地安装在液体容器上的外壳,该外壳包括流体通道,该流体通道形成使流体从供应容器顺流到排出口的流路;
(b)位于液体通道内的入口阀,在下游压力为正的期间该入口阀关闭,阻止流体通过,而在下游压力为负的期间该入口阀打口,允许流体流过;
(c)在入口阀下游位于液体通道内的出口阀,在上游压力为正的期间该出口阀打开,允许流体流过,而在上游压力为负的期间该出口阀关闭,阻止流体流过;
(d)对出口阀、入口阀或这两种阀施加偏压而使其关闭的偏压部件,偏压部件包括可以提供一部分偏压力的功能元件;
(e)构成部分液体通道的折叠式泵室,该泵室位于入口阀的下游和出口阀的上游,偏压部件的功能元件是折叠式泵室的整体组成部件。
7.如权利要求6所述的手动操作配送装置,其特征在于,偏压部件作为其功能元件是弹簧、弹性臂或二者。
8.如权利要求7所述的手动操作配送装置,其特征在于,偏压部件的功能元件是能够通过滑块模制成型(side action molding)的弹簧。
9.如权利要求8所述的手动操作配送装置,其特征在于,弹簧提供轴向弹力。
10.如权利要求6所述的手动操作配送装置,其特征在于,偏压部件的整体功能元件可以提供偏压力,该偏压力足以构成预加压力。
11.如权利要求8所述的手动操作配送装置,其特征在于,偏压部件的整体功能元件作用在出口阀的功能元件上,它也是折叠式泵室的整体组成部件。
12.如权利要求6所述的手动操作配送装置,其特征在于,该装置还包括旋流室的功能元件,它也是折叠式泵室的整体组成部件。
13.如权利要求11所述的手动操作配送装置,其特征在于,该装置还包括旋流室的功能元件,它也是折叠式泵室的整体组成部件。
14.一种手动操作配送装置,用于从供应容器泵送液体并通过排出口配送该液体,其特征在于,包括:
(a)用于将配送泵密封地安装在供应容器上的外壳,该外壳包括液体通道,该通道形成液体从供应容器顺流到排出口的流路;
(b)位于液体通道内的入口阀,在下游压力为正的期间该入口阀关闭,阻止流体流过,而在下游压力为负的期间该入口阀打开,允许流体流过;
(c)在入口阀下游位于液体通道内的出口阀,在上游压力为正的期间该出口阀打开,允许流体流过,而在上游压力为负的期间,该阀则关闭,阻止流体流过;
(d)构成液体通道一部分的折叠式泵室,位于入口阀的下游和出口阀的上游,入口阀、出口阀或两种阀包括阀部件,该阀部件能够受到轴向偏压力的作用而压靠在配合的阀座上使阀门关闭,阀部件是折叠式泵室的整体组成部件。
15.如权利要求14所述的手动操作配送装置,该装置还包括用于对出口阀部件施加偏压使其关闭的偏压部件,偏压部件包括提供一部分偏压力的功能元件,该功能元件是折叠式泵室的整体组成元件。
16.如权利要求1 5所述的手动操作配送装置,其特征在于,偏压部件包括作为其功能元件的弹簧、弹性臂或二者。
17.如权利要求1 6所述的手动操作配送装置,其特征在于,偏压部件的功能元件是能用滑块模制成型的弹簧。
18.如权利要求17所述的手动操作配送装置,其特征在于,弹簧提供轴向弹力。
19.如权利要求14所述的手动操作配送装置,其特征在于,偏压部件的整体功能元件提供偏压力,该偏压力足以形成预加压力。
20.如权利要求17所述的手动操作配送装置,该装置还包括旋流室的功能元件,它也是折叠式泵室的整体组成部件。
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US08/082,001 US5303867A (en) | 1993-06-24 | 1993-06-24 | Trigger operated fluid dispensing device |
US08/203,913 | 1994-02-28 | ||
US08/203,913 US5439178A (en) | 1993-06-24 | 1994-02-28 | Pump device including multiple function collapsible pump chamber |
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CN1125914A CN1125914A (zh) | 1996-07-03 |
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CN94192578A Expired - Lifetime CN1060688C (zh) | 1993-06-24 | 1994-03-23 | 包括多功能折叠式泵室的泵装置 |
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WO2017223145A1 (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2017-12-28 | Silgan Dispensing Systems Corporation | Sustained duration trigger sprayers and methods for making the same |
EP3600687B1 (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2023-01-25 | Essity Hygiene and Health Aktiebolag | Plastomer spring with captive valve |
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DE102021122705A1 (de) | 2021-05-20 | 2022-11-24 | Aptar Dortmund Gmbh | Feder aus Kunststoff und Abgabevorrichtung |
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- 1994-02-28 US US08/203,913 patent/US5439178A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-03-23 AT AT94913947T patent/ATE198844T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-03-23 JP JP7502774A patent/JPH08511722A/ja active Pending
- 1994-03-23 DE DE69426626T patent/DE69426626T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-03-23 EP EP94913947A patent/EP0705142B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-03-23 WO PCT/US1994/003190 patent/WO1995000252A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1994-03-23 KR KR1019950705803A patent/KR960703041A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1994-03-23 CA CA002165295A patent/CA2165295C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-03-23 BR BR9406977A patent/BR9406977A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-03-23 ES ES94913947T patent/ES2154295T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-03-23 CN CN94192578A patent/CN1060688C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-02-07 GR GR20010400217T patent/GR3035390T3/el not_active IP Right Cessation
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US3752366A (en) * | 1971-10-27 | 1973-08-14 | W Lawrence | Two-piece suction pump |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69426626D1 (de) | 2001-03-01 |
GR3035390T3 (en) | 2001-05-31 |
AU694114B2 (en) | 1998-07-16 |
CN1125914A (zh) | 1996-07-03 |
EP0705142A1 (en) | 1996-04-10 |
DE69426626T2 (de) | 2001-08-16 |
WO1995000252A1 (en) | 1995-01-05 |
ATE198844T1 (de) | 2001-02-15 |
JPH08511722A (ja) | 1996-12-10 |
BR9406977A (pt) | 1996-03-05 |
EP0705142B1 (en) | 2001-01-24 |
ES2154295T3 (es) | 2001-04-01 |
CA2165295A1 (en) | 1995-01-05 |
US5439178A (en) | 1995-08-08 |
KR960703041A (ko) | 1996-06-19 |
CA2165295C (en) | 2000-08-29 |
AU6620494A (en) | 1995-01-17 |
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