CN1060616A - Moulding sand for casting - Google Patents
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- CN1060616A CN1060616A CN 90106275 CN90106275A CN1060616A CN 1060616 A CN1060616 A CN 1060616A CN 90106275 CN90106275 CN 90106275 CN 90106275 A CN90106275 A CN 90106275A CN 1060616 A CN1060616 A CN 1060616A
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- sand
- corundum
- mullite
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of moulding sand for casting.Feature of the present invention be with corundum-mullite sand as the molding sand aggregate, replace the quartz sand of existing non-quartziferous molding sand aggregate and quartziferous molding sand with it.The molding sand made from corundum-mullite sand compare with existing molding sand have that price is low, the source is wide, refractoriness is greater than 1800 ℃, characteristics such as linear expansion coefficient is little, thermo-chemical stability is good.Because corundum-mullite sand surface is rounded, thereby in manufacturing process, can save binding agent and auxiliary material, has reduced production cost, and has improved the gas permeability of molding sand, has reduced gas forming amount, has improved casting quality.Be zircon sand, emergy, the desirable substitute of chromite sand.
Description
The present invention relates to the molding sand in the casting industry.
The molding sand that uses in casting industry generally is divided into two kinds by the aggregate kind classification of molding sand, and a kind of is the quartziferous molding sand; Another kind is non-quartziferous molding sand.In known non-quartziferous molding sand generally by zircon sand, emergy, chromite sand etc. as the molding sand aggregate, add all kinds of inorganic or organic binder bonds then and casting processes with auxiliary material.The quartziferous molding sand be quartz sand as aggregate, add all kinds of inorganic or organic binder bonds then and casting processes with auxiliary material.And existing non-quartziferous molding sand exists several shortcomings, one, as the non-quartziferous sand price height of aggregate, as 3600 yuan/ton of zircon sands, 4500 yuan/ton in corundum, 3000 yuan/ton of chromite sands; Two, these non-quartziferous sand shapes are polygonal, so surface area is big, thereby in the process of mixing the system molding sand, certainly will add more binding agent and auxiliary material, so both caused and strengthened production cost, reduced the physical property of molding sand again, the gas permeability of molding sand is reduced, gas forming amount increases, and easily makes foundry goods produce pore; Three, zircon sand also has α, β, gamma-rays, to workman's the certain harm of health generation; Four, chromite sand needs a large amount of imports because of the china natural resources poorness, expends a large amount of foreign exchanges.And existing quartziferous molding sand, though the source is wide, price is low, but also exist many shortcomings, one, refractoriness is low, about 1650～1700 ℃, be easy to alkali metal oxide and under high-temperature condition, react the low-melting silicate of generation, thus casting flaws such as generation scab burning into sand; Two, under high-temperature condition, the quartzy allomorph that can take place changes, and produces big crystal lattice stress, causes the easy fragmentation of quartz sand to make its durability low; Three, the linear expansivity height of quartz sand (the volumetric expansion amount can reach 4.7%) makes quartz sand that casting dimension easily take place and changes, thus can produce buckle, shrinkage porosite, defective such as scab; Four, quartz can cause production operator occupational disease-anthraco-silicosis.
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of molding sand aggregate in order to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming, replaces the quartz sand and the non-quartziferous molding sand aggregate of quartziferous molding sand with it.It has, and price is low, the source is wide, "dead", thermo-chemical stability is good, coefficient of thermal expansion is little, grain shape is circle and the refractoriness height, and the molding sand of preparing with it also can overcome the shortcoming of prior art and have above-mentioned advantage and good effect.
In order to achieve the above object, a kind of new molding sand aggregate provided by the invention is the leftover bits and pieces that uses for petroleum industry, and manufacturer claims that it is " a haydite sand ", and we carry out electron probe scanning back to haydite sand and confirm that its crystalline phase is: principal crystalline phase is α-Al
2O
3(corundum), inferior crystalline phase are 3Al
2O
32SiO
2(mullite) is so called after " corundum-mullite sand ".With corundum-mullite sand is that aggregate is made molding sand, is divided into two major types sand according to adding organic binder bond or inorganic binder, below narration respectively.
A kind of moulding sand for casting, the aggregate of its feature molding sand are corundum-mullite sand, add organic binder bond, casting auxiliary material (hereinafter to be referred as auxiliary material) and suitable quantity of water, and it effectively makes up following (weight ratio):
Corundum-mullite sand 100
Organic binder bond 0.8～10
Auxiliary material 0.0045～8(total amount)
Total moisture content 0～9
The organic binder bond that adopts is to close fat or polyvinyl alcohol or furane resins or modified furan resin or phenolic resins or residual oil or flax wet goods.
The auxiliary material that adopts is Lignosite, syrup, calcium stearate, methenamine, silane, p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid acetate, hydrated aluminium silicate, alcohol, cement, gypsum etc.
Because contain moisture in binding agent that has and the auxiliary material, thereby in making the molding sand process, requiring total moisture content is standard.
Requirement difference according to casting technique, the manufacturing of molding sand requires also different, the kind and the quantity that promptly add binding agent or auxiliary material are different, close fat sand, polyvinyl alcohol sand, cold and hot method sand in coating phenolic resin, furan resin-sand, and modification furan no-bake resin sand etc. unusual being divided into according to molding sand process.The example following (weight ratio) of effective combination matching that now adds the molding sand of organic binder bonds for some:
Example 1: corundum-mullite sand 100
Close fat 4～6.5
Lignosite 0～2
Hydrated aluminium silicate (clay) 0～4
Total moisture content 3～4.8
Example 2: corundum-mullite sand 100
Close fat 3.5～5
Syrup 3～4
Total moisture content 2.8～3.5
Example 3: corundum-mullite sand 100
Phenolic resins 4～6.3
Methenamine 0.4～0.9
Calcium stearate 0.2～0.25
Total moisture content 0.4～0.9
Example 4: corundum-mullite sand 100
Phenolic resins 4.5～6
Methenamine 0.6～1
Alcohol 2.5～3.5
Example 5: corundum-mullite sand 100
Polyvinyl alcohol 1～3
Gypsum 0～3
Lignosite 2～4
Total moisture content 5～8
Example 6: corundum-mullite sand 100
Polyvinyl alcohol 0.8～1.2
Cement 0～3.5
Total moisture content 4～7
Example 7: corundum-mullite sand 100
Furans type 3～5
Methenamine 0.45～1
Example 8: corundum-mullite sand 100
Modified furan resin 0.8～3
P-methyl benzenesulfonic acid 0.24～1.5
Silane 0.0016～0.009
Example 9: corundum-mullite sand 100
Modified furan resin 1.5～3
P-methyl benzenesulfonic acid 0.6～1.5
A kind of moulding sand for casting, the aggregate that it is characterized in that molding sand are that corundum-mullite sand adds inorganic binder, auxiliary material and suitable quantity of water, and it effectively makes up following (weight ratio):
Corundum-mullite sand 100
Inorganic binder 3～20
Auxiliary material 0～10(total amount)
Total moisture content 2～10
The inorganic binder that adopts is waterglass or hydrated aluminium silicate (clay, potter's clay) or phosphate or double-quick cement etc.
The auxiliary material that adopts is dicalcium silicate, gypsum, cement, ferrosilicon powder, ammonium chloride, NaOH, sodium alginate, ethylene glycol diethyl fat, calcium chloride, defeated and dispersed dose, surfactant, set retarder etc.
Molding sand is divided into facing sand, core sand, can be divided into some kinds in sodium silicate sand, clay-beaded sand, cement molding sand etc. again according to the different molding sand of casting technique, now lifts effective combination matching following (weight ratio) that some add the molding sand of inorganic binder:
Example 1: corundum-mullite sand 100
Waterglass 6.5～9
Hydrated aluminium silicate 2.5～6
NaOH 0～0.35(concentration 10%)
Total moisture content 3.8～4.8
Example 2: corundum-mullite sand 100
Waterglass 4～6
Defeated and dispersed dose 1.8～2.2
Total moisture content 3.8～4.8
Example 3: corundum-mullite sand 100
Hydrated aluminium silicate 10～20
Total moisture content 5.6～8.5
Example 4: corundum-mullite sand 100
Ethylene glycol diethyl fat 0.1～0.35
Waterglass 4.5～7
Total moisture content 3～4
Example 5: corundum-mullite sand 100
Double-quick cement 5～10
Water 5.5～10
Surfactant 0～0.25
Set retarder (citric acid) 0～0.006
Example 6: corundum-mullite sand 100
Dicalcium silicate (red mud) 2～6
Waterglass 7～9
Hydrated aluminium silicate (clay) 0～3
Example 7: corundum-mullite sand 100
Waterglass 6.5～7.5
The proportion of corundum-mullite is 2.13g/cm
3, its chemical composition is as follows:
Al
2O
3-77.90%，SiO
2-19.65%，
Fe
2O
3-2.1%, MgO-0.82%, other is-0.43% years old
Interpretation of result shows corundum-mullite sand through the electron probe scintigram: principal crystalline phase is corundum (α-Al
2O
3), inferior crystalline phase is mullite (3Al
2O
32SiO
2), its lattice types is stable, have the characteristic of corundum, mullite simultaneously concurrently, structure is tight, refractoriness height (greater than 1800 ℃), thermo-chemical stability is good, linear expansion coefficient is little, and molding sand maximum heat expansion rate is 852.8 ℃ of 0.14%(hot-face temperatures), not wetting by the acid alkali metal oxide, experiment shows that the molding sand that mixes system with it has good casting practicality and durability.
The molding sand made from its is compared with existing non-quartziferous molding sand and had the following advantages and good effect: one, the source is wide, cheap, what we used is the leftover bits and pieces of eliminating that uses as petroleum industry, only 150 yuan per ton, turn waste into wealth, and 3600 yuan/ton of zircon sands, 4500 yuan/ton of emergies, 3000 yuan/ton of chromite sands, replace above-mentioned non-quartziferous molding sand with it, production cost can reduce greatly; Two, its shape is circular, so surface area is little, thereby in manufacture process, reduce the consumption of binding agent and auxiliary material, both reduced cost, improved the physical property of molding sand again, improved the gas permeability of molding sand, reduced gas forming amount, the phenomenon that makes foundry goods produce pore reduces; Three, no α, β, gamma-rays help workers'health.
The molding sand made from its is compared with existing quartziferous molding sand and is had the following advantages and good effect: higher refractoriness (greater than 1800 ℃) one, is arranged, avoided casting flaws such as scab burning into sand, improved casting quality, reduced the expense of cleaning scab burning into sand; Two, allomorph does not take place and change under high-temperature condition, durability is good; Three, linear expansivity is low, our experiments show that 852.8 ℃ of maximum heat expansion rate 0.14%(hot-face temperatures), avoided casting flaws such as foundry goods scab, thereby the quality height of foundry goods, use this molding sand to cast ZG35, ZG25, ZG45, ZG20CrMoV, ZGWC9, ZG15CrMo, ZGCr
35Ni
4(weight of foundry goods is in that 0.5kg～9500kg), cast(ing) surface is bright and clean, inherent quality height, dimensional accuracy height for the foundry goods of materials such as Si; Four, quartz sand SiO
2Greater than 96%, workman's anthraco-silicosis that is easy to get, and use its to substitute quartz sand, can prevent that the workman from suffering from anthraco-silicosis.
The following employed equipment of embodiment of the present invention all adopts the S111A puddle mixer, unit: (part)
Embodiment 1: (do and mixed 2 minutes)/()+close fat 4.5 (wet mixing 15 minutes)/()+suitable quantity of water (total moisture content 3～4.8) (wet mixing 2 minutes)/() shakes out circular corundum-mullite sand 100+ Lignosite 1.5+ hydrated aluminium silicate 3.5.
Its physical property: moisture content 3～4.8; Ventilative 〉=80; Wet pressing (MPa/cm
2) 0.016～0.018; Dried (the MPa/cm that draws
2) 〉=1.5.
Embodiment 2: corundum-mullite sand 100+ syrup 3.5 (wet mixing 3 minutes)/()+closing fat 5 (wet mixing 15 minutes)/()+suitable quantity of water (total moisture content 2.8～3.5) (wet mixing 2 minutes)/() shakes out.
Its physical property: moisture content 2.8～3.5; Ventilative 〉=80; Wet pressing (MPa/cm
2) 0.015～0.017; Dried (the MPa/cm that draws
2) 〉=1.2.
Embodiment 3: 1. corundum-mullite sand 100 is heated to 140-160 ℃;
2. after hot sand being put into puddle mixer, behind the adding powdered phenol-formaldehyde resin 6, do and mixed 40～60 seconds;
3. the ratio that adds methenamine aqueous solution 0.9(methenamine and water is 1: 1) mixed system 20 seconds;
4. add calcium stearate 0.25 again, continued the system of mixing 180 seconds;
5. put sand, fragmentation, be cooled to 40 ℃ of uses after sieving.
Physical property: room temperature tensile strength (MPa/cm
2)＞2.5; Wet pressing (MPa/cm
2)＜0.01.
Embodiment 4: corundum-mullite sand 100+ gypsum 2+ Lignosite 2 (do and mixed 2 minutes)/()+polyvinyl alcohol water solution (concentration 18%) 1.5(amount of solid) (wet mixing 3 minutes)/()+suitable quantity of water (total moisture content 5～8) (wet mixing 1 minute)/() is shaked out.
Physical property: wet pressing (MPa/cm
2): 0.013～0.016; Dried (the MPa/cm that draws of normal temperature
2): 0.4～1.6; Ventilative＞80.
Embodiment 5: corundum-mullite sand 100+ phenolic resins 5+ methenamine 0.7+ alcohol 3.
Corundum-mullite sand+methenamine (do and mixed 1 fen)+phenolic resins alcoholic solution (wet mixing 10 minutes) shakes out, and treats that the alcohol volatilization finishes, and fragmentation is sieved, and gets final product.
Physical property: tensile strength 〉=3MPa/cm
2; Wet pressing＜0.01MPa/cm
2
Embodiment 6: corundum-mullite sand 100+ cement 3 (do and mixed 2 minutes)/()+polyvinyl alcohol water solution 6(concentration 18% aqueous solution) (wet mixing 5 minutes)/()+suitable quantity of water (total moisture content 4～7) (wet mixing 1 minute)/() is shaked out.
Physical property: wet pressing (MPa/cm
2): 0.01～0.013; Dried (the MPa/cm that draws of normal temperature
2): 0.4～1.6.
Embodiment 7: corundum-mullite sand 100+ methenamine 0.8 (do and mixed 2 minutes)/()+furans type 4 (wet mixing 20 minutes)/() shakes out.
Physical property: room temperature tensile strength (MPa/cm
2)＞1.8.
Embodiment 8: corundum-mullite sand 100+ silane 0.0045+ modified furan resin 1.5 (mixing system 30 seconds)/()+p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid 0.62 (mixing system 15 seconds)/() shakes out.
Physical property: room temperature tensile strength (MPa/cm
2) 〉=1.2.
Embodiment 9: corundum-mullite sand 100+ modified furan resin 2.5 (mixing system 35 seconds)/()+p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid 1.13 (mixing system 10 seconds)/() shakes out.
Embodiment 10: corundum-mullite sand 100+ hydrated aluminium silicate (clay) the 5 dried 2 minutes+waterglass 7+ NaOH 0.25(concentration 10% of mixing) 6 minutes+suitable quantity of water of wet mixing (total moisture content 3.8～4.8) wet mixing was shaked out in 2 minutes.
Physical property: moisture content 3.8～4.8; Ventilative 〉=100; Wet pressing (MPa/cm
2) 0.02～0.025; Dried (the MPa/cm that draws
2) 〉=2.8.
Embodiment 11: corundum-mullite sand 100+ does mixed 6 minutes+suitable quantity of water of 2 minutes+waterglass, 4.5 wet mixings (total moisture content 3.8～4.8) wet mixing for defeated and dispersed dose 2 and shaked out in 2 minutes.
Physical property: moisture content 3.8～4.8; Ventilative 〉=100; Wet pressing (MPa/cm
2) 0.018～0.02; Dried (the MPa/cm that draws
2) 〉=2.0.
Embodiment 12: corundum-mullite sand 100+ hydrated aluminium silicate (clay) 15(do to mix 1.5～2 fens)+water (an amount of, wet mixing 3～5 minutes) shakes out.
Physical property: wet pressing 0.4～0.6MPa/cm
2; Ventilative 〉=100; Total moisture content 5.5.
Embodiment 13: corundum-mullite sand 100+ ethylene glycol ethyl ethers two fat 0.2(wet mixings 0.5 minute)+waterglass 5(wet mixing 1 minute) shake out.
Resistance to compression＞0.9MPa/cm after 24 hours
2
Embodiment 14: corundum-mullite sand 100+ double-quick cement 8(1～2 minutes)+water 6(or water and surfactant, set retarder) wet mixing 1 minute → put sand.
Resistance to compression 〉=0.9MPa/cm after 24 hours
2
Total moisture content 6～8.
Embodiment 15: corundum-mullite sand 100+ red mud 4+ hydrated aluminium silicate (clay) 1.5(do to mix 1～2 fen)+waterglass 7(wet mixing 5 minutes)+water (an amount of, wet mixing 1 minute) shakes out.
Moisture total content 3.5～4.
24 hours resistance to compression 〉=0.9MPa/cm
2
Embodiment 16: corundum-mullite sand 100+ waterglass 7(wet mixing 6 minutes) shake out.
Physical property: moisture 3.5～3.8
Blow CO
2Resistance to compression 〉=0.9MPa/cm
2
Ventilative 〉=100
Claims (6)
1, a kind of moulding sand for casting is characterized in that aggregate is a corundum-mullite sand, adds organic binder bond, auxiliary material and suitable quantity of water, its effective combination matching following (weight ratio):
Corundum-mullite sand 100
Organic binder bond 0.8～10
Auxiliary material 0.0045～8 (total amount)
Total moisture content 0～9
2, moulding sand for casting according to claim 1 is characterized in that the organic binder bond that adopts is to close fat or polyvinyl alcohol or furane resins or modified furan resin or phenolic resins or residual oil or flax wet goods.
3, moulding sand for casting according to claim 1 is characterized in that the auxiliary material that adopts is Lignosite, syrup, calcium stearate, methenamine, silane, p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid, ethyl-sulfate, hydrated aluminium silicate, alcohol, cement, gypsum etc.
4, a kind of moulding sand for casting is characterized in that the molding sand aggregate is a corundum-mullite sand, adds inorganic binder, auxiliary material and suitable quantity of water, and it effectively makes up following (weight ratio):
Corundum-mullite sand 100
Inorganic binder 3～20
Auxiliary material 0～10(total amount)
Total moisture content 2～10
5, moulding sand for casting according to claim 4 is characterized in that the inorganic binder that adopts is waterglass or hydrated aluminium silicate (clay, potter's clay) or phosphate or double-quick cement etc.
6, moulding sand for casting according to claim 4 is characterized in that the auxiliary material that adopts is dicalcium silicate, gypsum, cement, ferrosilicon powder, ammonium chloride, NaOH, sodium alginate, ethylene glycol ethyl ethers two fat, calcium chloride, defeated and dispersed dose, surfactant, set retarder etc.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90106275 CN1022094C (en) | 1990-09-30 | 1990-09-30 | Moulding sand for casting |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90106275 CN1022094C (en) | 1990-09-30 | 1990-09-30 | Moulding sand for casting |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1060616A true CN1060616A (en) | 1992-04-29 |
| CN1022094C CN1022094C (en) | 1993-09-15 |
Family
ID=4879919
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90106275 Expired - Fee Related CN1022094C (en) | 1990-09-30 | 1990-09-30 | Moulding sand for casting |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1022094C (en) |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2006082949A1 (en) * | 2005-02-02 | 2006-08-10 | Kao Corporation | Spherical molding sand |
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1990
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