CN106058904B - Capacity matching method for charging pile of energy storage type electric automobile - Google Patents

Capacity matching method for charging pile of energy storage type electric automobile Download PDF

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CN106058904B
CN106058904B CN201610513534.3A CN201610513534A CN106058904B CN 106058904 B CN106058904 B CN 106058904B CN 201610513534 A CN201610513534 A CN 201610513534A CN 106058904 B CN106058904 B CN 106058904B
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energy storage
capacity
storage battery
charging station
power grid
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CN106058904A (en
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王志凯
宋明
宋洁
刘海军
刘宗烨
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/50—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads
    • H02J2310/56—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads characterised by the condition upon which the selective controlling is based
    • H02J2310/62—The condition being non-electrical, e.g. temperature
    • H02J2310/64—The condition being economic, e.g. tariff based load management
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/167—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
    • Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
    • Y04S30/12—Remote or cooperative charging
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
    • Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
    • Y04S30/14—Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a capacity matching method for a charging pile of an energy storage type electric automobile, which comprises the steps of obtaining power grid parameters of a target power grid; determining the energy storage capacity range of the charging station according to the power grid parameters; constructing an energy storage battery capacity configuration optimization objective function according to the peak-valley electricity price, the energy storage investment cost and the operation maintenance cost; and solving the optimized objective function to obtain an energy storage capacity value when the objective function is at the maximum value, namely the required energy storage capacity of the electric vehicle charging station. The method provided by the invention comprehensively considers various constraint conditions such as the electric energy quality, the charging pile load and the like, accords with the actual operation mode of the charging station under the energy storage configuration mode, and has reasonable and effective matching algorithm; the optimal matching of the energy storage system is realized by taking economic operation as a target on the premise of ensuring the power quality of the power grid and considering the peak-valley electricity price and cost factors, so that the power quality of the power grid is ensured, the economic benefit of the electric automobile charging pile is ensured, and the safe and stable operation quality of the power grid is improved.

Description

Capacity matching method for charging pile of energy storage type electric automobile
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of capacity matching of an electric vehicle charging station and energy storage, in particular to a capacity matching method of an energy storage type electric vehicle charging pile.
Background
The automobile plays an increasingly important role in promoting the development of the current social economy, but the shortage of global petroleum energy, the aggravation of environmental pollution harm and the energy conservation and emission reduction tend to become the main direction of automobile development in the future, and the development of the electric automobile is the best way for solving the two technical difficulties. At present, China is in the high-speed development period of electric vehicles, safe and stable operation of a power grid is influenced along with the fact that electric vehicles are connected to the power grid in large quantity, and a filtering device is additionally arranged on part of electric vehicle charging stations so as to reduce influence of harmonic waves on the power grid during charging; partial electric automobile charging stations have installed photovoltaic and energy memory additional to reduce the power consumption demand of charging station to the electric wire netting, and realize certain peak clipping and valley filling effect. The capacity of an energy storage system of an electric vehicle charging station with an energy storage device is generally configured according to the following two ways:
1. configuring according to the power of the corresponding charging station and the discharge efficiency of the energy storage system, and configuring a certain margin with the aid of experience parameters;
2. and according to the peak-valley electricity price, carrying out capacity configuration on the energy storage device with the economic operation of the charging station as a main target.
The two calculation methods are simple, but only the economical efficiency or the charging and discharging capacity of a single charging device is considered in the energy storage capacity matching calculation, various constraint conditions such as impact of a charging station on a power grid and peak-valley electricity price are not fully considered, and the safe and stable operation of the power grid and the multi-target optimal matching of the economical operation cannot be guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the energy storage type electric vehicle charging pile capacity matching method provided by the invention comprehensively considers various constraint conditions such as electric energy quality and charging pile load, conforms to the actual operation mode of the charging station under the energy storage configuration mode, and has a reasonable and effective matching algorithm; the optimal matching of the energy storage system is realized by taking economic operation as a target on the premise of ensuring the power quality of the power grid and considering the peak-valley electricity price and cost factors, so that the power quality of the power grid is ensured, the economic benefit of an electric automobile charging pile is ensured, guidance is provided for configuring the capacity of an energy storage battery for an electric automobile charging station, and the safe and stable operation quality of the power grid is improved.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a capacity matching method for a charging pile of an energy storage type electric automobile comprises the following steps:
step 1, acquiring power grid parameters of a target power grid;
step 2, determining the energy storage capacity range of the charging station according to the power grid parameters;
step 3, constructing an energy storage battery capacity configuration optimization objective function according to the peak-valley electricity price, the energy storage investment cost and the operation maintenance cost;
and 4, solving the optimized objective function to obtain an energy storage capacity value when the objective function is at the maximum value, namely the required energy storage capacity of the electric vehicle charging station.
Preferably, the grid parameters in step 1 include: the system comprises the line loss of a power grid, the impedance of the power grid and a typical daily load curve of an electric vehicle charging station.
Preferably, the step 2 comprises:
2-1, calculating to obtain the maximum current value of the bus in the energy storage capacity range of the charging station according to the bus voltage drop of the target power grid;
2-2, calculating to obtain the minimum capacity of the energy storage battery in the energy storage capacity range of the charging station according to the maximum current value of the bus;
and 2-3, calculating to obtain the maximum capacity of the energy storage battery in the energy storage capacity range of the charging station according to the maximum current value of the bus.
Preferably, the step 2-1 comprises:
a. determining a solving equation of bus voltage drop delta u accessed by the electric vehicle charging station:
Δu＝I·(R+jX) (1)
in the formula (1), I is the current of a power distribution network point accessed by an electric vehicle charging station; r is the line loss of the power grid; x is the impedance of the power grid; j is the number of the power grid impedances;
b. solving equation according to the bus voltage drop delta u and the bus maximum voltage drop delta u of the busmaxAnd calculating to obtain the maximum current I of the bus simultaneously connected to the charging stationmax：
Figure BDA0001037097400000031
Preferably, the step 2-2 comprises:
calculating to obtain the minimum capacity C of the energy storage battery in the energy storage capacity range of the charging station according to the maximum current value of the bus and the typical daily load curve of the electric vehicle charging stationmin：
Figure BDA0001037097400000032
In the formula (3), IiThe electric vehicle needs current at each moment, and
Figure BDA0001037097400000033
Pithe power required by charging the electric automobile at each moment of the peak electricity price; u is charging voltage required by the electric automobile; t is time.
Preferably, the steps 2 to 3 include:
c. determining the maximum capacity principle of an energy storage battery configured on the energy storage charging station: under the condition of the maximum capacity of the energy storage battery, the energy storage battery is used for charging the electric automobile at the time of charging current in the valley period and also used for charging the electric automobile in the peak period, namely the power in all the peak periods and the power in the valley period are provided by the energy storage battery;
d. calculating to obtain the maximum capacity C of the energy storage battery in the energy storage capacity range of the charging station according to the principle that the energy storage battery is configured with the maximum capacity of the energy storage charging station and the typical daily load curve of the electric vehicle charging stationmax：
Figure BDA0001037097400000034
In the formula (4), t1、t2、t3、t4Respectively, peak electricity price starting time, peak electricity price ending time, valley electricity price starting time and valley electricity price ending time.
Preferably, the step 3 comprises:
according to the peak-valley electricity price, the energy storage investment cost and the operation maintenance cost, constructing an energy storage battery capacity configuration optimization objective function:
Figure BDA0001037097400000041
in the formula (5), M is the daily income value of the energy storage battery; shThe electricity price of the energy storage battery is obtained in the peak time period; c is the capacity of the energy storage battery, wherein C belongs to (C)min,Cmax) (ii) a D is the discharge depth of the energy storage battery; etadDischarging efficiency of the energy storage battery; s1The electricity purchase price of the energy storage battery in the valley period; etanCharging efficiency for the energy storage battery; saThe price of the energy storage battery pack for purchasing unit capacity; t isESThe life cycle of the energy storage battery pack is complete; smAnd the operating and maintaining cost of unit capacity energy storage year.
Preferably, the step 4 comprises:
solving the optimization objective function, and taking (C) when C ismin,Cmax) Obtaining different M values when the values are equal, wherein the optimal capacity configuration is the C value corresponding to the maximum value M, and the required energy storage capacity of the electric vehicle charging station is obtained.
According to the technical scheme, the capacity matching method of the charging pile of the energy storage type electric automobile is characterized by comprising the steps of obtaining power grid parameters of a target power grid; determining the energy storage capacity range of the charging station according to the power grid parameters; constructing an energy storage battery capacity configuration optimization objective function according to the peak-valley electricity price, the energy storage investment cost and the operation maintenance cost; and solving the optimized objective function to obtain an energy storage capacity value when the objective function is at the maximum value, namely the required energy storage capacity of the electric vehicle charging station. The method provided by the invention comprehensively considers various constraint conditions such as the electric energy quality, the charging pile load and the like, accords with the actual operation mode of the charging station under the energy storage configuration mode, and has reasonable and effective matching algorithm; the optimal matching of the energy storage system is realized by taking economic operation as a target on the premise of ensuring the power quality of the power grid and considering the peak-valley electricity price and cost factors, so that the power quality of the power grid is ensured, the economic benefit of the electric automobile charging pile is ensured, and the safe and stable operation quality of the power grid is improved.
Compared with the closest prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following excellent effects:
1. in the technical scheme provided by the invention, the distribution algorithm comprehensively considers various constraint conditions such as the electric energy quality, the charging pile load and the like, the actual operation mode of the charging station under the energy storage mode is met, and the matching algorithm is reasonable and effective.
2. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the matching algorithm is aimed at economic operation on the premise of ensuring the power quality of a power grid, and simultaneously the factors of peak-valley electricity price and cost are considered, so that the optimal matching of an energy storage system is realized, the power quality of the power grid is ensured, and the economic benefit of an electric vehicle charging pile is ensured.
3. The technical scheme provided by the invention provides guidance for configuring the capacity of the energy storage battery for the electric vehicle charging station, and improves the safe and stable operation quality of a power grid.
4. The technical scheme provided by the invention has wide application and obvious social benefit and economic benefit.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a capacity matching method for a charging pile of an energy storage electric vehicle according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of step 2 of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an energy storage system in an application example of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a typical daily current graph of an electric vehicle charging station required to charge an electric vehicle in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the minimum capacity required for configuring an energy storage battery for an electric vehicle charging station in an application example of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of maximum capacity required by configuring an energy storage battery for an electric vehicle charging station in an application example of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a capacity matching method for charging piles of an energy storage type electric vehicle, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, acquiring power grid parameters of a target power grid;
step 2, determining the energy storage capacity range of the charging station according to the power grid parameters;
step 3, constructing an energy storage battery capacity configuration optimization objective function according to the peak-valley electricity price, the energy storage investment cost and the operation maintenance cost;
and 4, solving the optimized objective function to obtain an energy storage capacity value when the objective function is at the maximum value, namely the required energy storage capacity of the electric vehicle charging station.
Wherein, the power grid parameters in step 1 include: the system comprises the line loss of a power grid, the impedance of the power grid and a typical daily load curve of an electric vehicle charging station.
As shown in fig. 2, step 2 includes:
2-1, calculating to obtain the maximum current value of the bus in the energy storage capacity range of the charging station according to the bus voltage drop of the target power grid;
2-2, calculating to obtain the minimum capacity of the energy storage battery in the energy storage capacity range of the charging station according to the maximum current value of the bus;
and 2-3, calculating to obtain the maximum capacity of the energy storage battery in the energy storage capacity range of the charging station according to the maximum current value of the bus.
Wherein, step 2-1 comprises:
a. determining a solving equation of bus voltage drop delta u accessed by the electric vehicle charging station:
Δu＝I·(R+jX) (1)
in the formula (1), I is the current of a power distribution network point accessed by an electric vehicle charging station; r is the line loss of the power grid; x is the impedance of the power grid; j is the number of the power grid impedances;
b. solving equation according to bus voltage drop delta u and bus maximum voltage drop delta u of busmaxMeter for measuringCalculating the maximum current I of the bus connected to the charging station at the same timemax：
Figure BDA0001037097400000071
Wherein, step 2-2 includes:
calculating to obtain the minimum capacity C of the energy storage battery in the energy storage capacity range of the charging station according to the maximum current value of the bus and the typical daily load curve of the electric vehicle charging stationmin：
Figure BDA0001037097400000072
In the formula (3), IiThe electric vehicle needs current at each moment, and
Figure BDA0001037097400000073
Pithe power required by charging the electric automobile at each moment of the peak electricity price; u is charging voltage required by the electric automobile; t is time.
Wherein, step 2-3 includes:
c. determining the maximum capacity principle of an energy storage battery configured on the energy storage charging station: under the condition of the maximum capacity of the energy storage battery, the energy storage battery is used for charging the electric automobile at the time of charging current in the valley period and also used for charging the electric automobile in the peak period, namely the power in all the peak periods and the power in the valley period are provided by the energy storage battery;
d. calculating to obtain the maximum capacity C of the energy storage battery in the energy storage capacity range of the charging station according to the principle that the energy storage battery is configured with the maximum capacity of the energy storage charging station and the typical daily load curve of the electric vehicle charging stationmax：
Figure BDA0001037097400000074
In the formula (4), t1、t2、t3、t4Respectively the peak electricity price starting time, the peak electricity price ending time, the valley electricity price starting time and the valleyAnd (4) the electricity price ending time.
Wherein, step 3 includes:
according to the peak-valley electricity price, the energy storage investment cost and the operation maintenance cost, constructing an energy storage battery capacity configuration optimization objective function:
Figure BDA0001037097400000075
in the formula (5), M is the daily income value of the energy storage battery; shThe electricity price of the energy storage battery is obtained in the peak time period; c is the capacity of the energy storage battery, wherein C belongs to (C)min,Cmax) (ii) a D is the discharge depth of the energy storage battery; etadDischarging efficiency of the energy storage battery; s1The electricity purchase price of the energy storage battery in the valley period; etanCharging efficiency for the energy storage battery; saThe price of the energy storage battery pack for purchasing unit capacity; t isESThe life cycle of the energy storage battery pack is complete; smAnd the operating and maintaining cost of unit capacity energy storage year.
Wherein, step 4 includes:
solving an optimization objective function, and taking (C) when C is takenmin,Cmax) Obtaining different M values when the values are equal, wherein the optimal capacity configuration is the C value corresponding to the maximum value M, and the required energy storage capacity of the electric vehicle charging station is obtained.
The invention provides a specific application example of a capacity matching method for a charging pile of an energy storage type electric automobile, which comprises the following steps:
in the configuration system shown in fig. 3, as the number of electric vehicles increases, when the number of electric vehicles reaches a certain scale, the charging of the electric vehicles has a certain influence on the power grid. If the charging is carried out in the off-peak period, the load rate of the power grid can be effectively improved, and the economic benefit of the power grid is improved. Therefore, the energy storage charging station is produced at the same time, the energy storage battery is charged in the off-peak period of the power grid, and the electric vehicle is charged in the peak period of the power grid. The specific configuration steps are as follows:
considering that the 380V bus is connected to the electric vehicle charging station and the bus voltage drop requirement cannot be higher than 7%, the voltage drop requirement is that
Δ u ═ I · (R + jX) (formula 1)
In the formula:
Δ u — bus voltage drop;
i, connecting the electric vehicle charging station with the current of a power distribution network point;
r is the line loss of the power grid;
x-grid impedance.
Therefore, the maximum current I of the 380V bus which is simultaneously connected into the charging station is obtainedmax：
Figure BDA0001037097400000091
In the formula:
Δumax-maximum bus voltage drop.
Assuming that a typical daily load curve of an electric vehicle charging station is shown in FIG. 4, when a plurality of electric vehicles are charged at the same time, for example, the access bus I is larger than ImaxThen I to ImaxIf the electric vehicle needs to be supplied with electric energy from the energy storage battery, the minimum capacity of the energy storage battery is the shaded portion in fig. 5, that is:
Figure BDA0001037097400000092
in the formula:
Cmin-energy storage battery minimum capacity;
Iithe electric automobile needs current at each moment, as can be known from FIG. 4,
Figure BDA0001037097400000093
Pithe power required by charging the electric automobile at each moment of the peak electricity price;
Imaxthe electric network allows the electric vehicle to access the maximum current;
u is charging voltage required by the electric automobile;
t-times of day.
The principle of configuring the maximum capacity of the energy storage battery for the energy storage charging station is as follows: under the condition of the maximum capacity of the energy storage battery, the charging current I for the electric automobile in the valley periodi＞ImaxThe maximum capacity of the energy storage battery is configured as shown by a shaded part in fig. 6 (assuming that the peak electricity price is from six points early to 10 points late), namely:
Figure BDA0001037097400000094
in the formula:
Cmax-energy storage battery maximum capacity;
t1、t2、t3、t4-peak electricity price start time, peak electricity price end time, valley electricity price start time, valley electricity price end time.
Comprehensively considering peak-valley electricity price, energy storage investment cost and operation maintenance cost, constructing an energy storage battery capacity configuration optimization objective function:
Figure BDA0001037097400000101
in the formula:
m is the daily income value of the energy storage battery;
Sh-peak time period energy storage battery power price;
c-energy storage cell capacity, where C ∈ (C)min,Cmax)；
D is the discharge depth of the energy storage battery;
ηd-energy storage cell discharge efficiency;
S1-energy storage battery purchasing during off-peak periodThe price of electricity;
ηn-energy storage battery charging efficiency;
Sa-purchasing a price per unit capacity of the energy storage battery pack;
TES-the energy storage battery pack full life cycle;
Smand the operating and maintaining cost of unit capacity energy storage in operating years.
Therefore, when C is taken as (C)min,Cmax) Obtaining different M values when the M values are equal to each other, wherein the optimal capacity configuration is the C value corresponding to the maximum value M.
In conclusion, the patent firstly grasps the electric vehicle charging requirement of a newly-built electric vehicle charging station, obtains a typical daily load curve of the electric vehicle charging pile, obtains power from the energy storage system at the peak time and directly obtains power from the power grid at the valley time on the premise of not influencing the power quality of the power grid, and considers the economical efficiency of the energy storage system to obtain the optimal energy storage capacity.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make modifications and equivalents to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which is set forth in the claims of the present application.

Claims (4)

1. The capacity matching method for the charging pile of the energy storage type electric automobile is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, acquiring power grid parameters of a target power grid;
step 2, determining the energy storage capacity range of the charging station according to the power grid parameters;
step 3, constructing an energy storage battery capacity configuration optimization objective function according to the peak-valley electricity price, the energy storage investment cost and the operation maintenance cost;
step 4, solving the optimized objective function to obtain an energy storage capacity value when the objective function is at the maximum value, namely the required energy storage capacity of the electric vehicle charging station;
the step 2 comprises the following steps:
2-1, calculating to obtain the maximum current value of the bus in the energy storage capacity range of the charging station according to the bus voltage drop of the target power grid;
2-2, calculating to obtain the minimum capacity of the energy storage battery in the energy storage capacity range of the charging station according to the maximum current value of the bus;
2-3, calculating to obtain the maximum capacity of the energy storage battery in the energy storage capacity range of the charging station according to the maximum current value of the bus;
the step 2-1 comprises the following steps:
a. determining a solving equation of bus voltage drop delta u accessed by the electric vehicle charging station:
Δu＝I·(R+jX) (1)
in the formula (1), I is the current of a power distribution network point accessed by an electric vehicle charging station; r is the line loss of the power grid; x is the impedance of the power grid; j is the number of the power grid impedances;
b. solving equation according to the bus voltage drop delta u and the bus maximum voltage drop delta u of the busmaxAnd calculating to obtain the maximum current I of the bus simultaneously connected to the charging stationmax：
Figure FDA0003309746160000011
The step 2-2 comprises the following steps:
calculating to obtain the minimum capacity C of the energy storage battery in the energy storage capacity range of the charging station according to the maximum current value of the bus and the typical daily load curve of the electric vehicle charging stationmin：
Figure FDA0003309746160000012
In the formula (3), IiThe electric vehicle needs current at each moment, and
Figure FDA0003309746160000021
Pithe power required by charging the electric automobile at each moment of the peak electricity price; u is charging voltage required by the electric automobile; t is time;
the step 2-3 comprises the following steps:
c. determining the maximum capacity principle of an energy storage battery configured on the energy storage charging station: under the condition of the maximum capacity of the energy storage battery, the energy storage battery is used for charging the electric automobile at the time of charging current in the valley period and also used for charging the electric automobile in the peak period, namely the power in all the peak periods and the power in the valley period are provided by the energy storage battery;
d. calculating to obtain the maximum capacity C of the energy storage battery in the energy storage capacity range of the charging station according to the principle that the energy storage battery is configured with the maximum capacity of the energy storage charging station and the typical daily load curve of the electric vehicle charging stationmax：
Figure FDA0003309746160000022
In the formula (4), t1、t2、t3、t4Respectively, peak electricity price starting time, peak electricity price ending time, valley electricity price starting time and valley electricity price ending time.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the grid parameters in step 1 comprise: the system comprises the line loss of a power grid, the impedance of the power grid and a typical daily load curve of an electric vehicle charging station.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein step 3 comprises:
according to the peak-valley electricity price, the energy storage investment cost and the operation maintenance cost, constructing an energy storage battery capacity configuration optimization objective function:
Figure FDA0003309746160000023
in the formula (5), M is the daily income value of the energy storage battery; shFor peak time storage of energyThe price of electricity; c is the capacity of the energy storage battery, wherein C belongs to (C)min,Cmax) (ii) a D is the discharge depth of the energy storage battery; etadDischarging efficiency of the energy storage battery; s1The electricity purchase price of the energy storage battery in the valley period; etanCharging efficiency for the energy storage battery; saThe price of the energy storage battery pack for purchasing unit capacity; t isESThe life cycle of the energy storage battery pack is complete; smAnd the operating and maintaining cost of unit capacity energy storage year.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein step 4 comprises:
solving the optimization objective function, and taking (C) when C ismin,Cmax) Obtaining different M values when the values are equal, wherein the optimal capacity configuration is the C value corresponding to the maximum value M, and the required energy storage capacity of the electric vehicle charging station is obtained.
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