CN106052868B - Gazing type multispectral imaging method - Google Patents
Gazing type multispectral imaging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106052868B CN106052868B CN201610322147.1A CN201610322147A CN106052868B CN 106052868 B CN106052868 B CN 106052868B CN 201610322147 A CN201610322147 A CN 201610322147A CN 106052868 B CN106052868 B CN 106052868B
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- optical imaging
- spectrum
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000701 chemical imaging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000012634 optical imaging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/2823—Imaging spectrometer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/02—Details
- G01J3/0202—Mechanical elements; Supports for optical elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/2803—Investigating the spectrum using photoelectric array detector
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/2823—Imaging spectrometer
- G01J2003/2826—Multispectral imaging, e.g. filter imaging
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectrometry And Color Measurement (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of gazing type multispectral imaging method, comprising: optical imaging system, dispersion element, driving device and detector；The optical axis of the optical imaging system is respectively perpendicular to the surface of the dispersion element and the pixel surface of the detector；The dispersion element is between the optical imaging system and the detector；The driving device drives the dispersion element to move in one direction.By mobile dispersion element, the multispectral image under fixed visual field can be obtained, to save production cost, reduces structure complexity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to light spectrum image-forming fields, in particular to a kind of gazing type multispectral imaging method.
Background technique
Spectral imaging technology has while the ability of detecting light spectrum and spatial information, is widely used in verification retrieval, food
The various fields such as product examine survey, precision agriculture, resource detection, camouflage identification, biologic medical.Light spectrum image-forming mainly pushes away the type of sweeping and coagulates
Depending on two kinds of imaging modes of type.Conventionally employed prism, grating are to push away the type of sweeping as the spectral imaging technology of beam splitter, and utilization is narrow
Seam limitation visual field disposably projects the slit image of each wave band on detector focal plane by prism, grating dispersion.It pushes away
Type light spectrum image-forming is swept to need to obtain complete data cube by the movement of platform or detection target.Therefore, itself having
Push away more use on the platforms such as the satellite for sweeping movement, aircraft.Type light spectrum image-forming mode is swept in some occasions and discomfort however, pushing away
With, for example system entire scan generates interference to attending physician in surgical procedure, is needed at this time using gazing type multispectral imaging
System.
However, current gazing type multi-optical spectrum imaging system uses acousto-optic tunable filter (Acousto Optic
Tunable Filter, AOTF) or liquid crystal tunable filter (Liquid Crystal Tunable Filter, LCTF) etc.
Tunable filter part, the light spectrum image-forming wavelength band and wave band number implemented using such method are limited, and resolution ratio is lower, and tie
Structure is complicated, higher cost.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of gazing type multispectral imaging methods, can be realized high spectral resolution and wide wave
The light spectrum image-forming of segment limit.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of gazing type multispectral imaging method, comprising: optical imaging system 4, dispersion element
2, driving device 3 and detector 1；The optical axis of the optical imaging system 4 be respectively perpendicular to the dispersion element 2 surface and
The pixel surface of the detector 1；The dispersion element 2 is between the optical imaging system 4 and the detector 1；Institute
Stating driving device 3 drives the dispersion element 2 to move in one direction.By mobile dispersion element, fixed visual field can be obtained
Under multispectral image reduce structure complexity to save production cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural representation using the multi-optical spectrum imaging system of the gazing type multispectral imaging method of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention obtains gazing type multispectral image.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Ground description.Based on the embodiment of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art institute obtained under the premise of no creative work
There are other embodiments, all belongs to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation using the multi-optical spectrum imaging system of the gazing type multispectral imaging method of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure.As shown in Figure 1, the multi-optical spectrum imaging system specifically includes that
Optical imaging system 4, dispersion element 2, driving device 3 and detector 1.
It should be noted that dispersion element 2 and driving device 3 are properly termed as dispersion spectrophotometric unit, dispersion spectrophotometric unit can
A part to be integrated in optical imaging system 4, as optical imaging system 4；It is also used as individual component, with optics
Imaging system 4 is provided separately.
The optical imaging system 4 include it is all can be realized to observed object imaging optical systems, such as microscope,
Camera etc..
Dispersion element 2 can for example filter for realizing the spectrum segmentation to target object, dispersion element 2 for wavelength gradual change
Piece, multispectral optical filter etc..
Driving device 3 drives dispersion element 2 in the plane on pixel surface for being parallel to detector 1, along perpendicular to detection
The direction of device pixel array is mobile.
Further, it should be noted that dispersion element 2 does not require consistent, 2 edge of dispersion element with the size of detection image planes
The length L1 of moving direction and detector pixel array can be equal in the length L2 perpendicular to pixel array direction, can also not
Deng.
The move mode of dispersion element 2 for example can be with are as follows: the left edge of dispersion element 2 is from the pixel surface of detector 1
One end enters, and removes from the other end on the pixel surface of detector 1, i.e., the left end of dispersion element 2 enters detector 1 at first
Pixel array region progresses into the pixel array region of detector 1 with certain speed under the drive of driving device 3, followed by
It is continuous to advance, until the right end of dispersion element 2 removes the pixel array region of detector.
Certainly, dispersion element can also be using move mode from top to bottom, as long as moving direction is perpendicular to detector picture
First row or column to.
Wherein, the surface of dispersion element 2 is parallel to the focal plane of optical imaging system.
Detector 1 be used for by photoelectric effect obtain and record multispectral image information, detector 1 for example can be CCD,
CMOS etc..
The pixel array received of the detector 1 passes through the spectrum of dispersion element 2, the bands of a spectrum energy after obtaining spectrum segmentation
Amount.
The light being emitted from optical imaging system 4 images in the pixel surface of detector 1 by dispersion element 2, to visit
The different pixel arrays for surveying device 1 obtain different spectral image informations, when entire dispersion element 2 is from the one of 1 pixel surface of detector
Side enters, and when the other side removes, detector 1 is obtained with image of each bands of a spectrum under same visual field, to be consolidated
Determine the multispectral image under visual field.
Image of each bands of a spectrum under same visual field is known as the complete data cube of fixed visual field, at this point, not
The only information of image further includes segmenting in spectral Dimensions, can obtain the spectroscopic data of every bit on image and be appointed
The image information of one spectral coverage.
It should be noted that dispersion element reverse movement can obtain the spectral image information of future time.Therefore, pass through
The one-dimensional reciprocating movement of dispersion element obtains the spectroscopic data cube under different time.
It describes in detail below to the working method of multi-optical spectrum imaging system provided in an embodiment of the present invention:
Step 1, the relative position of fixed optical imaging system and detector, so that the light by optical imaging system converges
Gather the focal plane in detector, to obtain clearly target object image in detector surface；
Step 2, the spectrum (λ at the different location of dispersion element surface is determinedi), which can be realized by calibration test,
Specific scaling method can be with are as follows:
Spectrophotometer issues monochromatic light, impinges perpendicularly on dispersion element surface, and the spectrum for measuring hot spot irradiation position is bent
Line demarcates central wavelength (λ with micrometeri) position of corresponding hot spot point of irradiation on dispersion element.
As shown in Fig. 2, having different spectrum, that is, wavelength divisions, such as λ at the different location on dispersion element surface0-
λn, each spectrum width occupied by dispersion element surface is, for example, 0.05mm.
Step 3, dispersion element is placed in a plane on parallel detector pixel surface, which is located at the optics
In the image planes of the imaging system or surface of adjacent locations or abutting detector.
Step 4, driving device drives dispersion element to initial position, wherein initial position is detector image planes surface
Edge, if dispersion element enters from the right side of multi-optical spectrum imaging system, initial position is the right hand edge on detector image planes surface；
Step 5, movement speed needed for calculating dispersion element:
The movement speed of dispersion element can be arranged according to the calibration result of step 2 and the acquisition frame frequency of detector.
The acquisition frame frequency of detector is N, and every section of spectrum is a (mm) in the geometric widths that dispersion element occupies, then dispersion member
The movement speed of part is a/ (1/N)=a*N (unit: mm/s).
For example, the acquisition frame frequency of detector is 60 (frames/s), every section of spectrum is in the geometric position that dispersion element occupies
When 0.05mm, the movement speed of dispersion element is 3mm/s.
Step 6, driving device drives dispersion element to exist according to the movement speed of the dispersion beam splitter calculated in step 5
It is moved in plane between optical imaging system and detector.
Such as shown in Fig. 2, the right end of dispersion element is initially entered from the left end on the pixel surface of detector, until dispersion
The left end of element removes the right end on detector pixel surface.
Step 7, the spectroscopic data of the target object of detector acquisition different moments.
As shown in Fig. 2, m0、m1……mnFor the pixel position in the pixel array of detector, λ0……λnFor dispersion element
The corresponding different spectrum of upper different location.
In dispersion element moving process, the collected single-spectral images of different moments detector are different.
In t0Moment, detector pixel array m0Band 0 (0 is band serial number, is mentioned as follows similar) acquisition pair at position
It should be in λ0Spectrum, detector remove m0Except station acquisition be full spectra image；
In t1Moment extracts λ0The m of corresponding detector1Band 0 and extraction λ at position1The m of corresponding detector0At position
Band 1；
And so on, in t2n-1Moment extracts λn-1The m of corresponding detectornBand n-1 and extraction λ at positionnIt is corresponding to visit
Survey the m of devicen-1Band n at position；
In t2nMoment extracts λnThe m of corresponding detectornBand n at position；
In this way, when dispersion element removes the pixel surface of detector, by the received same light of detector difference band institute
Compose λiImage spliced, the different spectrum pictures under fixed visual field can be obtained.
Dispersion element moves backward the spectral image information that can obtain future time.Therefore, one-dimensional by dispersion element
It moves back and forth, obtains the spectroscopic data cube under different time.
The embodiment of the present invention passes through mobile dispersion member by the way that dispersion element to be placed between optical imaging system and detector
Part can obtain the multispectral image under fixed visual field.Compared with conventional gazing type light spectrum image-forming mode, structure is simple, under cost
Drop.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of gazing type multispectral imaging method characterized by comprising optical imaging system (4), drives dispersion element (2)
Dynamic device (3) and detector (1)；
The optical axis of the optical imaging system (4) is respectively perpendicular to surface and the detector (1) of the dispersion element (2)
Pixel surface；
The dispersion element (2) is wavelength wedge filter；
The dispersion element (2) is between the optical imaging system (4) and the detector (1)；
The driving device (3) drives the dispersion element (2) to move in one direction；
Image acquired in the dispersion element (2) and the detector (1) relative displacement passes through spectrum calibration and image mosaic
Mode obtain multispectral image data；
The driving device drives the dispersion element (2), and movement specifically includes in one direction:
The one end on pixel surface of the dispersion element (2) from the detector (1) enters, the pixel from the detector (1)
The other end on surface removes；
The moving direction of the dispersion element (2) and the row or column of the detector (1) are to vertical.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the driving device (2) driving dispersion element (2) described
Between optical imaging system (4) and the detector (1) before movement, further includes:
Determine the different spectrum at the different location on 2 surface of dispersion element.
3. method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in the driving device (2) driving dispersion element (2) described
Between optical imaging system (4) and the detector (1) before movement, further includes:
Movement speed needed for calculating dispersion element according to formula a/ (1/N)=a*N (unit: mm/s),
Wherein, N is the acquisition frame frequency of detector, and a is the geometric widths that every section of spectrum is occupied in dispersion element.
4. the method as described in any one of claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the dispersion element (2) is located at the light
In the image planes of the imaging system or surface of adjacent locations or abutting detector.
5. the method as described in any one of claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the optical imaging system be camera or
Microscope.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610322147.1A CN106052868B (en) | 2016-05-16 | 2016-05-16 | Gazing type multispectral imaging method |
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| CN106052868B true CN106052868B (en) | 2019-02-12 |
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Effective date of registration: 20200115 Address after: Room B101, Jilin optoelectronic industry incubator Co., Ltd., 1759 Mingxi Road, Beihu science and Technology Development Zone, Changchun City, Jilin Province 130000 Patentee after: Changchun Changguang Chenpu Technology Co., Ltd Address before: 130033 southeast Lake Road, Jilin, Changchun, No. 3888 Patentee before: Changchun Inst. of Optics and Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sci |
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