CN106049819B - 单板覆面集成材地板及其加工方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提出的是一种单板覆面集成材地板及其加工方法,其特征是包括地板基材,横向单板,装饰单板,槽榫;其中,横向单板一面与地板基材粘接,另一面与装饰单板粘接;横向单板的纤维方向与地板基材长度方向交叉垂直,装饰单板纤维方向与地板基材长度方向平行。其加工方法,其特征是该方法包括以下步骤:(一)、备料;(二)、指接;(三)、拼接;(四)、制坯;(五)、覆面;(六)、定型。本发明的优点:1)单板覆面集成材地板具有良好的力学性能;2)单板覆面集成材地板整体美观、具有良好的外观效果;3)单板覆面集成材地板装饰性和适用性强,使用方便。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及的是一种单板覆面集成材地板及其加工方法,属于木地板加工领域。
背景技术
集成材是通过将实木单元板(板材、小方材)长度方向以斜接、指接方式,宽度方向拼接胶合方式,且单元板的纤维方向基本平行集成胶合而成的规格尺寸更大的拼接板料;集成材保留了天然木材的材质感,外表美观,从物理性能来看,在抗拉、抗压强度和材料质量的均匀化方面都优于木材;因此,集成材可以代替实体木材,应用于木材行业的各个领域,特别是木地板行业。
国家为了保护森林资源,鼓励木材加工行业尽量使用次小薪材和木材三剩物,而次小薪材和木材三剩物的主要制品就是集成材,但是,由于集成材由小块单元板组成,其表面存在的色差、指接线和拼接线影响了产品的整体美观,是集成材产品的美中不足之处,为了充分利用木材资源,又能解决产品整体美观不足的缺陷,本发明采用集成材作为基材,在基材上面压贴横向单板作为加固层,然后在上面以优质单板覆面,提升了产品的力学性能和外观。
单板,又称为木皮、面板、面皮,是由刨切、旋切或锯制方法生产的木质薄片状木质材料,用于制造胶合板等人造板材的木质材料,以提高人造板的装饰性和适用性。
发明内容
本发明提出的是一种单板覆面集成材地板,其目的旨在解决集成材产品整体美观不足、力学性能差的缺陷。
本发明的技术解决方案: 单板覆面集成材地板,其结构包括地板基材1,横向单板2,装饰单板3,槽榫4;其中横向单板2一面与地板基材1粘接,另一面与装饰单板3粘接;横向单板的纤维方向与地板基材长度方向交叉垂直,装饰单板纤维方向与地板基材长度方向平行。
单板覆面集成材地板的加工方法,该方法包括以下步骤:
(一)备料:将含水率为8%-12%的次小薪材或木材三剩物,先纵向统一宽度和厚度、自然长度的木板条,再截段为矩形体的木条,作为制造集成材的单元板5;
(二)指接:将单元板间采用锯齿状接口并施加胶粘剂纵向胶合链接,使之成为长条状的指接条6,完成指接后的指接条6应置于阴凉处养生陈放48h以上;
(三)拼接:将指接条6侧面刨光后,宽度方向拼接胶合,形成满足产品设计宽度的拼接板料;完成拼接后应置于阴凉处养生陈放72h以上;
(四)制坯:将拼接板料分片、截段,加工为符合产品设计规格、宽度预留5mm-10mm、厚度预留0.3mm-2mm、长度预留8mm-20mm的木板块,通过刨切或者砂光使两个表面平整,形成地板基材1;
(五)覆面:先在所述的地板基材1上面涂胶粘贴一层横向单板2,该横向单板2双面涂胶,纤维方向与地板基材1长度方向交叉垂直,然后在上面粘贴表面装饰用的装饰单板3,该装饰单板3纤维方向与地板基材1长度方向平行,覆面组坯后经过压板固化,形成地板坯料,地板胚料应置于阴凉处养生陈放72h以上;所述压板固化采用下面两种方法中的任一种:①冷压在室温下进行,压力13~20kg/cm2,保压时间30min-70min,②热压温度90℃-105℃,压力10~15kg/cm2,保压时间5min-10min;
(六)定型:所述的地板坯料经过侧面和端面制槽榫4,表面砂光,形成地板素板;然后经过油漆涂饰,形成单板覆面集成材地板成品,包装入库。
本发明的优点: 1)单板覆面集成材地板具有良好的力学性能; 2)单板覆面集成材地板整体美观、具有良好的外观效果; 3)单板覆面集成材地板装饰性和适用性强。
附图说明
附图1是单板覆面集成材地板三视图。
附图2是单板覆面集成材地板工艺组装图。
附图3是单板覆面集成材地板基材工艺组装图。
附图中1是地板基材,2是横向单板,3是装饰单板,4是槽榫,5是单元板,6是指接条。
具体实施方式
对照附图,单板覆面集成材地板,其结构包括地板基材1,横向单板2,装饰单板3,槽榫4;其中横向单板2一面与地板基材1粘接,另一面与装饰单板3粘接;横向单板的纤维方向与地板基材长度方向交叉垂直,装饰单板纤维方向与地板基材长度方向平行。
所述的地板基材1包括单元板5、指接条6,其中单元板5间采用指榫并施加胶粘剂纵向胶合链接成为指接条6,指接条6宽度方向拼接胶合形成地板基材1。
所述的槽榫4分布在单板覆面集成材地板的侧面和端面。
单板覆面集成材地板的加工方法,该方法包括以下步骤:
(一)备料:将含水率在8%-12%之间的次小薪材或木材三剩物,先纵向剖分成统一宽度和厚度、自然长度的木板条,再截断为矩形体的木条,作为制造集成材的单元板;
(二)指接:将单元板5间采用指榫(锯齿状接口)并施加胶粘剂纵向胶合链接,使之成为长条状的指接条6,完成指接后的指接条6应置于阴凉处养生陈放48h以上;
(三)拼接:将指接条6侧面刨光后,宽度方向拼接胶合,形成满足产品设计宽度的拼接板料;完成拼接后应置于阴凉处养生陈放72h以上;
(四)制坯:将拼接板料分片、截断,加工为符合产品设计规格、宽度预留5mm-10mm、厚度预留0.3mm-2mm的木板块、长度预留8mm-20mm的木板块,通过刨切或者砂光使两个表面平整,形成地板基材1;
(五)覆面:先在所述的地板基材1上面涂胶粘贴一层横向单板2,该横向单板2双面涂胶,纤维方向与地板基材1长度方向交叉垂直,然后在上面粘贴表面装饰用的装饰单板3,该装饰单板3纤维方向与地板基材1长度方向平行,覆面组坯后经过压板固化,形成地板坯料,地板胚料应置于阴凉处养生陈放72h以上;所述压板固化采用下面两种方法中的任一种:①冷压在室温下进行,压力13~20kg/cm2,保压时间30min-70min,②热压温度90℃-105℃,压力10~15kg/cm2,保压时间5min-10min;
(六)定型:所述的地板坯料经过侧面和端面制槽榫4,表面砂光,形成地板素板;然后经过油漆涂饰,形成单板覆面集成材地板成品,包装入库。
所述步骤(一)中单元板长度控制在130mm-600mm,以每50mm为进级;宽度控制在15mm-75mm,以每5mm为进级;厚度一般控制在6mm-25mm,以每1mm为进级,每一片单元板的断面不允许有肉眼可见的崩缺。
所述步骤(二)中指榫为锯齿状接口,接口深度为3mm-25mm,以每1mm为进级;完成指接后应置于阴凉处养生陈放48h以上。
所述步骤(五)中地板基材1上通过胶黏剂压贴一层横向单板2作为加固层,以横向单板2的抗拉力来增强地板基材1的横向稳定性,作为加固层的横向单板2厚度为0.6mm-2.0mm;加固层上面,通过胶黏剂压贴一层装饰单板3,装饰单板3的厚度为0.25mm-5.2mm。
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例
(一)备料:将含水率为8%-12%之间的次小薪材或木材三剩物,先纵向剖分成50mm宽度和20mm厚度、自然长度的木板条,再截断为130-600mm长度相等或不等矩形体的木条,作为制造集成材的单元板5,每一片单元板的断面不允许有肉眼可见的崩缺。
(二)指接:将单元板5间采用指榫(锯齿状接口)并施加胶粘剂纵向胶合链接,使之成为长条状的指接条6,将完成指接后的指接条6置于阴凉处养生陈放60h。
(三)拼接:将指接条6侧面刨光后,宽度方向拼接胶合,形成宽度510mm、长度1820mm的拼接板料;将完成拼接后的材料置于阴凉处养生陈放72h。
(四)制坯:将拼接板料分片、截段,加工为宽度125mm、长度910mm的木板块,通过表面刨切平整并确定厚度为16.6mm,形成地板基材1。
(五)覆面:先在所述的地板基材1上面涂胶粘贴一层横向厚度为1.0mm的单板2,该横向单板2双面涂胶,纤维方向与地板基材1长度方向交叉垂直,然后在上面粘贴表面装饰用的厚度为0.6mm的装饰单板3,该装饰单板3纤维方向与地板基材1长度方向平行,覆面组坯后在室温下冷压,压力16kg/cm2,保压时间45min,完成后形成910×125×18.2mm规格的地板坯料,置于阴凉处养生陈放72h。
(六)定型:所述的地板坯料经过侧面和端面制槽榫4,表面砂光,形成900×120×18mm地板素板;然后经过油漆涂饰,形成单板覆面集成材地板成品,包装入库。
Claims (7)
1.单板覆面集成材地板,其特征是包括地板基材,横向单板,装饰单板,槽榫;其中,横向单板一面与地板基材粘接,另一面与装饰单板粘接;横向单板的纤维方向与地板基材长度方向交叉垂直,装饰单板纤维方向与地板基材长度方向平行;
其加工方法,包括以下步骤:
(一)备料:将含水率8%-12%之间的次小薪材或木材三剩物木板块,先纵向剖分成统一宽度和厚度、自然长度的木板条,再截段为矩形体的木条,作为制造集成材的单元板;
(二)指接:将单元板间采用指榫并施加胶粘剂的方式纵向胶合链接,使之成为长条状的指接条,完成指接后的木板条应置于阴凉处养生陈放48h以上;
(三)拼接:将经过指接的指接条侧面刨光后,宽度方向拼接胶合,形成满足产品设计宽度的拼接板料;完成拼接后应置于阴凉处养生陈放72h以上;
(四)制坯:将拼接板料分片、截段,加工为符合产品设计规格、宽度预留5mm-10mm、厚度预留0.3mm-2mm、长度预留8mm-20mm的木板块,通过刨切或者砂光使两个表面平整,形成地板基材;
(五)覆面:先在所述的地板基材上面涂胶粘贴一层横向单板,该横向单板双面涂胶,纤维方向与地板基材长度方向交叉垂直,然后在上面粘贴表面装饰用的装饰单板,该单板纤维方向与地板基材长度方向平行,覆面组坯后经过压板固化,形成地板坯料,地板胚料应置于阴凉处养生陈放72h以上;所述压板固化采用下面两种方法中的任一种:①冷压在室温下进行,压力13~20kg/cm2,保压时间30min-70min,②热压温度90℃-105℃,压力10~15kg/cm2,保压时间5min-10min;
(六)定型:所述的地板坯料经过侧面和端面制槽榫,表面砂光,形成地板素板;然后经过油漆涂饰,形成单板覆面集成材地板成品,包装入库。
2.根据权利要求1所述的单板覆面集成材地板,其特征是所述的地板基材包括单元板、由单元板指接而成的指接条,其中单元板间采用指榫并施加胶粘剂纵向胶合链接成为矩形拼接条,指接条在宽度方向拼接胶合形成地板基材。
3.根据权利要求1所述的单板覆面集成材地板,其特征是所述的槽榫分布在单板覆面集成材地板的侧面和端面。
4.根据权利要求2所述的单板覆面集成材地板,其特征是所述的指榫为锯齿状接口,接口深度为3mm-25mm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的单板覆面集成材地板,其特征是所述步骤(一)中单元板长度控制在130mm-600mm,以每50mm为进级;宽度控制在15mm-75mm,以每5mm为进级;厚度一般控制在6mm-25mm,以每1mm为进级,每一片单元板的断面不允许有肉眼可见的崩缺。
6.根据权利要求1所述的单板覆面集成材地板,其特征是所述步骤(二)中指榫为锯齿状接口,接口深度为3mm-25mm,以每1mm为进级;完成指接后应置于阴凉处养生陈放48h以上。
7.根据权利要求1所述的单板覆面集成材地板,其特征是所述步骤(五)中地板基材上通过胶黏剂压贴一层横向单板作为加固层,以横向单板的抗拉力来增强地板基材的横向稳定性,作为加固层的横向单板厚度为0.6mm-2.0mm;加固层上面,通过胶黏剂压贴一层装饰单板,装饰单板的厚度为0.25mm-5.2mm。
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