CN106035590A - Pork carcass atomized spraying cooling system and atomized spraying cooling method - Google Patents
Pork carcass atomized spraying cooling system and atomized spraying cooling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106035590A CN106035590A CN201610570161.3A CN201610570161A CN106035590A CN 106035590 A CN106035590 A CN 106035590A CN 201610570161 A CN201610570161 A CN 201610570161A CN 106035590 A CN106035590 A CN 106035590A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A22—BUTCHERING; MEAT TREATMENT; PROCESSING POULTRY OR FISH
- A22B—SLAUGHTERING
- A22B5/00—Accessories for use during or after slaughtering
- A22B5/0076—Chilling or lowering the temperature of carcasses
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a pork carcass atomized spraying cooling system and an atomized spraying cooling method. The system comprises a pre-cooling storage, a water storage tank, a screw air compressor, an intelligent control system, a water pump, an atomizing nozzle and a plurality of control valves. The screw air compressor is connected with two air path spraying branched pipelines through a spraying main pipeline. The two air path spraying branched pipelines are connected with the atomizing nozzle. The atomizing nozzle is connected with the water pump via a third water path spraying pipeline. The water pump is connected with the water storage tank via a forth spraying pipeline. The first control valve is arranged on the spraying main pipeline, the second control valve is arranged on the forth spraying pipeline, and the first control valve and the second control valve are respectively connected with the intelligent control system. The pork carcass atomized spraying cooling system optimizes the previous atomized spraying system, can significantly reduces the pre-cooling loss of the pork carcasses, can also improve the uniformity of the atomized spraying, reduces the dripping phenomena of the atomizing nozzle, improves the color and luster, and sensory characteristics of the pork carcasses, and enhances the consumers' purchase desires.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Carnis Sus domestica manufacture field, specifically a kind of hog on hook spray-chilling system and spray-chilling
Method.
Background technology
In recent years, cooling technology is widely used in Chilled Meats is processed, and this technology can effectively suppress trunk table
Face microorganism, improves meat quality, but also causes trunk weightless simultaneously.Research both at home and abroad shows: pig, Carcase are in pre-cooling
During weightlessness particularly evident, be about 1.75%-2.6% in North America, Britain is about 1.8%-2.7%, in China about
For 2.3%-3.0%, thus bring tremendous economic loss to enterprise.
Atomizing spray technology is by the cold water of 0-5 DEG C, is atomized into by the effect of the shearing force of air-flow in atomizer
Fine particle, spray is at pork carcass surface, to reduce a technology of pre-cold loss.Atomizing spray is for the shadow of quality of pig trunk
Ringing, domestic Zhang Xiangqian, strict elegance and talent etc. is the most respectively to being studied.The research such as Zhang Xiangqian shows, after atomizing spray, and hog on hook flesh
The a value of meat part and b value reduce, and L-value increases, and fats portion a* value and b* value do not have significant change, L* substantially to increase.During spray
Between more than 16h, the fats portion of meat surface, obvious brown stain can occur, when spray time is more than 17h, meat surface can bleach tide
Wet.Meanwhile, when hog on hook atomizing spray, trunk surface can produce " washmarking ", and the sale of product can produce certain impact.
Batch (-type) spray (60s/15min) of pre-freezer laggard row 8-12h is generally entered at trunk.Some enterprises of China draw
Entering atomizing spray equipment, this equipment can effectively control the pre-cold loss of hog on hook the most really, pre-for 24h cold loss is down to
About 1.2%, but there is non-uniform spraying, spray weeping is serious, and atomizing spray is without unified standard operation sequence, trunk table
The problems such as face washmarking is bigger.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a set of new hog on hook spray-chilling system and a kind of new hog on hook mist
Change spraying cooling method, the pre-cold loss of hog on hook can be reduced to a greater extent, increase the uniformity of atomizing spray, improve pig
The outward appearance of trunk, color and luster, improves its sensory properties, increases the desire to purchase of consumer.
Technical scheme:
A kind of hog on hook spray-chilling system, it includes pre-freezer, water storage cylinder, screw air compressor, intelligentized control method
System, water pump, atomizer, several pressure regulator valves, several Pressure gauges, several control valves, screw air compressor is by spray
Main pipeline connects two gas circuit spray branch pipe(tube)s, and two gas circuit spray branch pipe(tube)s connect atomizer, and atomizer passes through the 3rd
Water route spray piping connects water pump, and water pump connects water storage cylinder by the 4th spray piping, arranges the first control on spray main pipeline
Valve processed, sprays in the first gas circuit and arranges the first Pressure gauge, the first pressure regulator valve on branch pipe(tube), sprays in the second gas circuit and sets on branch pipe(tube)
Put the second Pressure gauge, the second pressure regulator valve, the 3rd water route spray piping arranges the 3rd Pressure gauge, the 3rd pressure regulator valve, the 4th
Arranging the second control valve on spray piping, intelligent control system connects the first control valve and the second control valve, water storage cylinder respectively
Connecting tap water by water intaking valve, water is discharged by water storage cylinder by drain valve；Pre-freezer is disposed with some hanger rails, blower fan,
Refrigeration unit, described hanger rail is fixedly mounted on pre-freezer body of wall top, is used for hanging hog on hook；Atomizer pipeline is arranged in two
In the middle of root hanger rail.
Preferably, atomizer pipeline includes two gas circuit spray branch pipe(tube)s and the 3rd water route spray piping.
Preferably, the volume of described water storage cylinder is not less than 140L.
Preferably, the volume flow of described screw air compressor is 50m3/ min, pressure at expulsion 0.8Mpa, power is 30kw.
Preferably, the power of described water pump is 0.37kw, and flow is 0.4m3/ h, lift 4m.
Preferably, described atomizer is JN fan antidrip atomizer.
Preferably, described pre-freezer a size of 9.5m × wide 7.2m × high 3.2m, and pre-freezer installs 8 to be used for hanging
The hanger rail of hog on hook, it is fixed on pre-freezer body of wall top.
Preferably, the outlet of water storage cylinder is provided with 100 mesh drainage screens.
A kind of hog on hook spray-chilling method, sets parameter in intelligent control system in advance, including: 1)
25-35min before hog on hook warehouse-in, opens refrigeration unit, and sprays 0 DEG C～the cold water of 5 DEG C by atomizer, enter pre-freezer
Row moistening and lowering temperature processes；2) after hog on hook is put in storage, batch (-type) spray, the 3.5-4.5h after trunk enters freezer are proceeded by
In, spray 25-35s every 4.5-5.5min；Spray 25-35s every 25-35min afterwards, continue 5.5-6.5h, when always spraying
Between be 9-11h.
Preferably, intelligent control system sets parameter in advance, including: 1) 30min before hog on hook is put in storage, beats
Open refrigeration unit, and spray 0 DEG C～the cold water of 5 DEG C by atomizer, pre-freezer is carried out moistening and lowering temperature process；2) when pig trunk
After body warehouse-in, proceed by batch (-type) spray, in the 4h after trunk enters freezer, spray 30s every 5min；Afterwards every
30min sprays 3s, continues 6h, and total spray time is 10h.
Preferably, it is 0.35Mpa that the 3rd pressure regulator valve controls spray hydraulic pressure, and the first pressure regulator valve and the second pressure regulator valve control air pressure
For 0.20Mpa, the first control valve and the second control valve common regulating water flow 13L/h.
Beneficial effects of the present invention
Hog on hook spray-chilling system of the present invention, the atomizing sprinkling system before optimizing, is in invention
People is through research Novel atomized spraying method cold loss pre-for hog on hook, and surface sensory properties (aberration) and SC are total
Draw on the basis of number impact.The system and method for the present invention can significantly reduce the pre-cold loss of hog on hook, can carry again
The uniformity of high atomization spray, decreases the weeping of atomizer, improves hog on hook color and luster and sensory properties, and raising disappears
The desire to purchase of the person of expense.
Hog on hook quality all can be caused shadow by shower water flow, spray hydraulic pressure, air pressure, spray intermittent time, spray water temperature
Ringing, the optimal case that the present invention is given, on the basis of hog on hook colony counts meets industry standard, substantially increases hog on hook
Sensory properties, and significantly reduce pre-cold loss, bring certain economic benefit to enterprise
This spray system has broad application prospects equally for the livestock products such as pig, cattle, sheep.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1. hog on hook spray-chilling system structure schematic diagram
Fig. 2. the pre-cold loss of hog on hook is with the change of atomizing spray time
Fig. 3. pork carcass surface aberration L* is with the change of atomizing spray time
Fig. 4. pork carcass surface aberration a* is with the change of atomizing spray time
Fig. 5. pork carcass surface aberration b* is with the change of atomizing spray time
Fig. 6. pork carcass surface total plate count is with the change of atomizing spray time
Fig. 7. different disposal group (spray mode) trunk pre-cold loss contrast in Various Seasonal
Fig. 8. different disposal group (spray mode) trunk SC sum contrast in Various Seasonal
Detailed description of the invention
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this:
In conjunction with Fig. 1, a kind of hog on hook spray-chilling system, it include pre-freezer, water storage cylinder 1, screw air compressor 2,
Intelligent control system 3, water pump 4, atomizer 5, several pressure regulator valves, several Pressure gauges, several control valves, screw rod is empty
Press 2 connects two gas circuit spray branch pipe(tube) (6-21 by spray main pipeline 6；6-22), two gas circuit spray branch pipe(tube) (6-
21；6-22) connecting atomizer 5, atomizer 5 connects water pump 4 by the 3rd water route spray piping 6-3, and water pump 4 is by the 4th
Spray piping 6-4 connects water storage cylinder 1, arranges the first control valve 7-1, spray branch pipe(tube) in the first gas circuit on spray main pipeline 6
First Pressure gauge 8-1, the first pressure regulator valve 9-1 are set on 6-21, spray in the second gas circuit and on branch pipe(tube) 6-22, the second pressure is set
Table 8-2, the second pressure regulator valve 9-2, arrange the 3rd Pressure gauge 8-3, the 3rd pressure regulator valve 9-3 on the 3rd water route spray piping 6-3,
Arranging the second control valve 7-2 on 4th spray piping 6-4, intelligent control system 3 connects the first control valve 7-1 and second respectively
Control valve 7-2, water storage cylinder 1 connects tap water by water intaking valve 10-1, and water is discharged by water storage cylinder 1 by drain valve 10-2；In advance
Being disposed with some hanger rails, blower fan, refrigeration unit in freezer, described hanger rail is fixedly mounted on pre-freezer body of wall top, is used for hanging
Hog on hook；Atomizer pipeline is arranged in the middle of two hanger rails.
In preferred embodiment, the volume of described water storage cylinder 1 equals to or more than 140L, and its material is rustless steel.
In preferred embodiment, the volume flow of described screw air compressor 2 is 50m3/min, pressure at expulsion 0.8Mpa, merit
Rate is 30kw.
In preferred embodiment, described water pump 4 is centrifugal pump of horizontal axis, and its power is 0.37kw, and flow is 0.4m3/h, raises
Journey 4m.
In preferred embodiment, for JN fan antidrip atomizer, (atomizing particle minimum reaches described atomizer 5
30um)。
In preferred embodiment, described pre-freezer a size of 9.5m × wide 7.2m × high 3.2m, and pre-freezer installs 8
Being used for hanging the hanger rail of hog on hook, it is fixed on pre-freezer body of wall top.
In preferred embodiment, the outlet of water storage cylinder 1 is provided with 100 mesh drainage screens.
In preferred embodiment, spray piping is stainless steel.
In preferred embodiment, intelligent control system 3 by SIEMENS PLC (S7-200), electromagnetic valve (air valve, water valve),
Motors etc. form, and PLC is according to programme-control electromagnetic valve and the switch of motor.
Below in conjunction with instantiation, and combine data and further describe the present invention, it should be understood that these examples are intended merely to
The bright present invention rather than limit the scope of the present invention by any way.
The pre-cold loss of pig carcass in precooling process, SC sum, surface chromatic aberration is the testing index of this experiment.
Example 1
Material: 1440 pig carcass, each pig carcass nearly weighs 40kg.
Method: regulate the hydraulic pressure air pressure sprayed and its numerical value of flow is: spray hydraulic pressure is 0.35Mpa, and air pressure is
0.2Mpa, flow is 13L/h.
The program of intelligent control system is set, selects trunk to put track and (select spray rail according to practical condition
Road), spray time, the spray frequency sample of each time period carries out pre-spray 30min, moistening and lowering temperature before entering storehouse.Hog on hook enters
Storehouse laggard row intermittent shower, uses drip-proof shower nozzle that it is carried out atomizing spray process, with reference to arranging parameter spray before.
Different disposal component is to test for continuous 6 days, and every batch processing group puts into 240 pig carcass, puts into same pre-
In freezer.Pre-temperature of ice house is about-1 DEG C-7 DEG C, and air velocity is about 1m/s.
Test is divided into 6 different process groups (n=6), and the 1st group is blank group, and other 5 groups of spray times are respectively
8h, 9h, 10h, 11h, 12h (are shown in Table 1).The pre-coo time of 6 groups of trunks is unified for about 24h.The wet of pre-freezer is controlled after 12h
Degree is more than 90%, and spray is wanted uniformly.
Table 1 trunk spray-chilling condition
Testing index: the pre-cold loss of hog on hook, trunk surface chromatic aberration (L*, a*, b*), trunk SC sum.
Pre-cooling loss determination result:
As in figure 2 it is shown, under the conditions of 24h routine pre-cooling, the pre-cold loss of hog on hook is 1.82g/100g, and uses atomization
After spray, after spray 12h, the pre-cold loss of hog on hook is down to 0.62g/100g.Therefore, compared with conventional Pre-cooling Mode, atomizing spray
Pre-cold loss can be significantly reduced, bring certain economic benefit to enterprise.
Trunk surface yellowish pink measurement result:
Use portable colour difference meter, choose pig carcass back and sprayed position for a long time as sampled point, from each process
Group randomly selects 9 hogs on hook and measures its L*, a*, b*.
By Fig. 3,4,5 it can be seen that along with the prolongation of atomizing spray time, trunk Surface L * can dramatically increase, and a* can show
Writing and reduce, reacting in macroscopic view organoleptic features is exactly that spray time there will be, more than its surface of 10h, the phenomenon turned white, and has a strong impact on sense
Official's character, therefore for the sensory properties of surface, 10h is optimal for spray.
Trunk surface microorganism measurement result:
This experiment mainly measures the atomizing spray impact on pork carcass surface total plate count.
Each process group is chosen and is randomly selected 9 hogs on hook, uses wipe method at pork carcass surface back position 25cm2Take
Sample, takes routine techniques to cultivate, and assay method reference food sanitary microorganism inspection total plate count and coliform measure
Program (GB 4789.2-2010).
The atomizing spray time has a significant impact for the total plate count on trunk surface as seen from Figure 6, during along with spray
Between prolongation, its SC sum dramatically increases.But its trunk SC sum reaches after spray 12h
2.5logcfu.cm-2, less than standard value 3-4logcfu.cm-2
Therefore, spray time extends the impact of trunk SC sum notable, but result meets industry standard.
Example 2
Material: 19200 pig carcass, each pig carcass weighs about 40kg.
Method:
1. in four seasons (January, March, July, November), respectively choose 4800 pig carcass, be classified as three process
Group (atomizing spray, does not sprays, enterprise's tradition spray).
2. process group 1 carries out pre-spray 30min, moistening and lowering temperature before entering storehouse.Hog on hook is carried out intermittently after entering storehouse by hog on hook
Spray, uses drip-proof shower nozzle that it is carried out atomizing spray process, and spray-water is 0 DEG C-5 DEG C, and front 4h sprays every 5min
30s, spray 6h below are to spray 30s every 30min.Spray hydraulic pressure is 0.35Mpa, and air pressure is 0.2Mpa, and flow is 13L/
h；. after process group 2 enters pre-freezer, trunk is not done any spray and processes；Process group 3 takes enterprise current after entering pre-freezer
The spray manually used, spray time is by Artificial Control.
The most each season, three process groups were tested for continuous 4 days, and every batch processing group puts into 400 pig carcass, puts into
In same pre-freezer.Pre-temperature of ice house is about-1 DEG C～7 DEG C, and air velocity is about 1m/s.
Pre-cooling loss determination result:
As it is shown in fig. 7, in four seasons, the currently used spraying technique of enterprise, its pre-cold loss is respectively
1.50g/100g, 1.76g/100g, 1.47g/100g, 1.39g/100g.And pig can be significantly reduced after using Novel atomized spray
Trunk pre-cooling is lost to 0.93g/100g, 1.18g/100g, 1.11g/100g, 0.84g/100g (P < 0.05).Therefore, use newly
Atomizing spray method after, it is possible to bring certain economic benefit to enterprise.
Trunk SC sum measurement result:
This experiment mainly measures in the impact on pork carcass surface total plate count of the Various Seasonal atomizing spray.
Each process group is chosen and is randomly selected 9 hogs on hook, uses wipe method at pork carcass surface back position 25cm2Take
Sample, takes routine techniques to cultivate, and assay method reference food sanitary microorganism inspection total plate count and coliform measure
Program (GB 4789.2-2010).
As seen from Figure 8, in Various Seasonal, compared to the currently used spraying technique of enterprise, use atomization spray
Drench and the total plate count on trunk surface is had a significant impact (P < 0.05), but owing to enterprise is butchering and in terms of administration of health
Reinforcement, even if use atomizing spray, its total family of trunk SC is still far smaller than industry standard 3～4logcfu.cm-2.Cause
This, use atomizing spray notable on the impact of trunk SC sum, but result meet industry standard.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to illustrate spirit of the present invention.Technology neck belonging to the present invention
Described specific embodiment can be made various amendment or supplements or use similar mode to replace by the technical staff in territory
Generation, but without departing from the spirit of the present invention or surmount scope defined in appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a hog on hook spray-chilling system, it includes pre-freezer, water storage cylinder (1), screw air compressor (2), intellectuality
Control system (3), water pump (4), atomizer (5), several pressure regulator valves, several Pressure gauges, several control valves, screw rod is empty
Press (2) connects two gas circuit spray branch pipe(tube) (6-21 by spray main pipeline (6)；6-22), two gas circuit spray branch pipe(tube)s
(6-21；6-22) connecting atomizer (5), atomizer (5) connects water pump (4), water by the 3rd water route spray piping (6-3)
Pump (4) connects water storage cylinder (1) by the 4th spray piping (6-4), arranges the first control valve (7-1) on spray main pipeline (6),
Spray in the first gas circuit and on branch pipe(tube) (6-21), the first Pressure gauge (8-1), the first pressure regulator valve (9-1) are set, spray in the second gas circuit
Drench, on branch pipe(tube) (6-22), the second Pressure gauge (8-2), the second pressure regulator valve (9-2) are set, on the 3rd water route spray piping (6-3)
3rd Pressure gauge (8-3), the 3rd pressure regulator valve (9-3) are set, the 4th spray piping (6-4) arrange the second control valve (7-2),
Intelligent control system (3) connects the first control valve (7-1) and the second control valve (7-2) respectively, and water storage cylinder (1) passes through water intaking valve
(10-1) connecting tap water, water is discharged by water storage cylinder (1) by drain valve (10-2)；Pre-freezer is disposed with some hanger rails,
Blower fan, refrigeration unit, described hanger rail is fixedly mounted on pre-freezer body of wall top, is used for hanging hog on hook；Atomizer pipeline is arranged
It is distributed in the middle of two hanger rails.
A kind of hog on hook spray-chilling system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described water storage cylinder (1)
Volume is not less than 140L.
A kind of hog on hook spray-chilling system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described screw air compressor
(2) volume flow is 50m3/ min, pressure at expulsion 0.8Mpa, power is 30kw.
A kind of hog on hook spray-chilling system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the merit of described water pump (4)
Rate is 0.37kw, and flow is 0.4m3/ h, lift 4m.
A kind of hog on hook spray-chilling system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described atomizer (5)
For JN fan antidrip atomizer.
A kind of hog on hook spray-chilling system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described pre-freezer size
For installing 8 hanger rails being used for hanging hog on hook in 9.5m × wide 7.2m × high 3.2m, and pre-freezer, it is fixed on pre-freezer wall
Body top.
A kind of hog on hook spray-chilling system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the water outlet of water storage cylinder (1)
Mouth is provided with 100 mesh drainage screens.
8. a hog on hook spray-chilling method, it is characterised in that set parameter the most in advance, including: 1) pig
25-35min before trunk warehouse-in, opens refrigeration unit, and sprays 0 DEG C～the cold water of 5 DEG C by atomizer (5), to pre-freezer
Carry out moistening and lowering temperature process；2) after hog on hook is put in storage, batch (-type) spray, the 3.5-4.5h after trunk enters freezer are proceeded by
In, spray 25-35s every 4.5-5.5min；Spray 25-35s every 25-35min afterwards, continue 5.5-6.5h, when always spraying
Between be 9-11h.
A kind of hog on hook spray-chilling method the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that in intelligentized control method system
System sets parameter in advance, including: 1) 30min before hog on hook is put in storage, open refrigeration unit, and by atomizer (5)
Spray 0 DEG C～the cold water of 5 DEG C, pre-freezer is carried out moistening and lowering temperature process；2) after hog on hook is put in storage, batch (-type) spray is proceeded by
Drench, in the 4h after trunk enters freezer, spray 30s every 5min；Spray 3s every 30min afterwards, continue 6h, total spray time
For 10h.
A kind of hog on hook spray-chilling method the most according to claim 8 or claim 9, it is characterised in that the 3rd pressure regulator valve
(9-3) controlling spray hydraulic pressure is 0.35Mpa, and it is 0.20Mpa that the first pressure regulator valve (9-1) and the second pressure regulator valve (9-2) control air pressure,
First control valve (7-1) and the common regulating water flow 13L/h of the second control valve (7-2).
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110604162A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2019-12-24 | 南京农业大学 | Pig carcass surface intelligence spraying humidification device |
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| 李红民: "雾化喷淋对猪胴体损耗和表面颜色的影响", 《肉类研究》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110604162A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2019-12-24 | 南京农业大学 | Pig carcass surface intelligence spraying humidification device |
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