CN106032314B - Concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106032314B CN106032314B CN201510126160.5A CN201510126160A CN106032314B CN 106032314 B CN106032314 B CN 106032314B CN 201510126160 A CN201510126160 A CN 201510126160A CN 106032314 B CN106032314 B CN 106032314B
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011376 self-consolidating concrete Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 5
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000012215 calcium aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000404 calcium aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004574 high-performance concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of building materials, and discloses concrete which comprises a cementing material and a continuous graded mixture bonded with each other through the cementing material, wherein the continuous graded mixture comprises a fine aggregate and a coarse aggregate, and the cementing material comprises the following components in a weight ratio of 1: (0.3-1.5): (0.5-1.5) cement, fly ash and mineral powder, wherein the weight ratio of the fine aggregate to the coarse aggregate is 1: (0.8-1.3), and the particle size of the coarse aggregate is less than or equal to 25 mm. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the concrete, which comprises the step of mixing the cementing material, the continuous grading mixture and water. The invention can prepare the concrete with the self-compacting concrete fluidity effect by adopting the continuous gradation mixture and using the cementing material amount of the common concrete, thereby completely getting rid of the contradiction of high fluidity and high cost, leading the fluidized concrete to be widely popularized and being beneficial to improving various performances of concrete buildings.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to building material fields, and in particular, to a kind of concrete and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
With the development of society, commerical ready-mixed concrete plays significant role, the quality of concrete in the development of the national economy
It is merely not only whether intensity meets the requirements, but also need the condition met to be it first to have good workability.Workability
Good concrete is not only convenient for constructing, and can be to avoid defects of concrete structure such as similar honeycomb, layerings.The work of concrete
Mainly the filling between grading of aggregates, raw material, working volume, additive usage etc. are closely bound up for property.As city is in face of mixed
The raising of solidifying soil performance requirement, the following high performance concrete will become market development mainstream, the liquidation under especially low glue
Concrete.
For general goods concrete, mix-design mainly uses empirical value, coarse aggregate to mostly use maximum particle diameter greatly
For the single aggregate of 31.5mm, grading of aggregates difference and non-adjustable.Workability of concrete mixes additive or water more rely primarily on
Ensure, concrete strength ensures mainly by multi-purpose cement, miberal powder, flyash volume mainly determined using empirical value.It needs
The slump of pumping needs vibrating head to coordinate in 18 ± 2cm, poor fluidity when pouring.By increase water consumption or
Increase admixture dosage to change slump, concrete can be caused collapse damage situation, therefore, the agitated transport vehicle of concrete easily occur
After being transported to building site, building site worker would generally add water for ease of construction to concrete, although workability can obtain a degree of change
It is kind, but at this time since the ratio of mud increases, the strength reduction of concrete causes concrete component serious security problem easily occur.
For self-compacting concrete (SCC), the total amount for relying primarily on increase cementitious matter (is generally at least 255kg/t bones
Total cementitious matter of material), the grain size for reducing coarse aggregate is 5-15mm or 5-25mm, to make concrete obtain more working bodies
The characteristics of accumulating, high fluidity reached with this, but its cost is generally higher, and it is mostly only applied to the concrete of high intensity and difficulty
With in the concrete structure engineering of cast.
In other words, existing normal concrete is limited to mixing proportion design method, causes aggregate discontinuous, in concrete
Portion's filling effect is poor, and workability is poor, and concrete structure the faults of construction such as honeycomb easily occurs after pouring.And self-compacting concrete by
Obtain preferable mobility in cementitious matter dosage need to be increased just can make concrete, therefore its cost of raw material is higher, economy compared with
Difference.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is：Overcome the defect that the workability of concrete in the prior art is not high, cementitious matter dosage is larger,
There is provided that a kind of cementitious matter dosage is low, the good liquidation concrete of workability and preparation method thereof.
The present inventor has found under study for action, and specific continuous grading mixture and cementitious matter are mixed with coagulation
Soil can be in the lower purpose for realizing improvement liquidation concrete performance of cementing doses.Therefore, above-mentioned in order to realize
Purpose, the present invention provides a kind of concrete, which contains cementitious matter and by cementitious matter company bonded to each other
Continuous graded mixture, the continuous grading mixture includes fine aggregate and coarse aggregate, wherein the cementitious matter contains weight ratio and is
1：(0.3-1.5)：The weight ratio of cement, flyash and the miberal powder of (0.5-1.5), the fine aggregate and coarse aggregate is 1：(0.8-
1.3), grain size≤25mm of the coarse aggregate.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of above-mentioned concrete, this method includes by cementitious matter, continuous grading mixture
It is mixed with water.
The present invention uses the glue of normal concrete by using continuous grading mixture (preferably 2 sand, 2 stone of specified particle diameter)
Ramming material amount (200-240kg/t aggregates) can make the concrete with self-compacting concrete mobility effect, and (liquidation is mixed
Solidifying soil), therefore the high cost of high fluidity (high cementing doses) this contradictory problems have been completely free of, enable liquidation concrete
It is widely popularized, contributes to the properties for promoting concrete structure.The concrete of the present invention is the flowing of low cementitious matter
Change concrete, for divergence between 55-65cm, intensity can reach C30-C60, be not in that isolation, bleeding and floating ash etc. are existing
As having the characteristics that easily construction, good economy performance (workability is good).
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in subsequent specific embodiment part.
Specific implementation mode
The specific implementation mode of the present invention is described in detail below.It should be understood that described herein specific
Embodiment is merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not intended to restrict the invention.
In the present invention, in the absence of explanation to the contrary, continuous grading refers to the mark with a set of regulations screen size
When quasi- sieve carries out mesh analysis to a certain aggregate, obtained grading curve is a smooth curve, has continuous lines, adjacent grade
Pellet between have certain proportionate relationship, this descending, each grade particle has, and in mass ratio example collocation composition
Aggregate is mixed, referred to as " continuous grading mixture "；Coarse aggregate refers to (also known as " stone ") aggregate that grain size is more than 5mm；Thin bone
Material refers to (also known as " sand ") aggregate of the grain size between 0.05-5mm；" doing saturated weight in face " i.e. S.S.D weight indicates bone
Material internal void is aqueous to reach saturation and weight when its dry tack free；In the present invention, in the case of not illustrating (as before
State S.S.D weight), the weight being related to refers both to the dry weight of material, the i.e. water-free weight of material.
Concrete provided by the invention contains cementitious matter and is mixed by cementitious matter continuous grading bonded to each other
Expect (aggregate), the continuous grading mixture includes fine aggregate and coarse aggregate, and it is 1 that the cementitious matter, which contains weight ratio,：(0.3-
1.5)：Cement, flyash and the miberal powder (dosage of the flyash and miberal powder is identical or different) of (0.5-1.5), the thin bone
The weight ratio of material and coarse aggregate is 1：(0.8-1.3) (preferably 1：(0.9-1)), grain size≤25mm of the coarse aggregate.
Liquidation concrete under low cementitious matter tests the total grade of aggregate by a certain proportion of stone, sand aggregate blending technology
It is made into continuous state, and determines that doping quantity of fly ash makes using the filling relationship between inside concrete according to preferred embodiment
Inside concrete filling is enough, finally total cementing doses of normal concrete is used to make with self-compacting concrete mobility
The concrete of effect, therefore the high cost of high fluidity this contradictory problems have been completely free of, so that liquidation concrete is obtained
It is widely popularized, promotes the properties of concrete structure.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, on the basis of the total weight of the fine aggregate, in the fine aggregate
The content that grain size is more than aggregates of the 0.075mm less than or equal to 3mm is 65-75wt.% (weight percent), and it is small that grain size is more than 3mm
In the aggregate equal to 5mm content be 25-35wt.%.
In order to obtain more preferably working volume, the ratio between the S.S.D weight and the weight of flyash of the fine aggregate
For 9-16.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, on the basis of the total weight of the coarse aggregate, in the coarse aggregate
The content that grain size is more than aggregates of the 5mm less than or equal to 12.5mm is 25-35wt.%, and grain size is more than 12.5mm and is less than or equal to 25mm
Aggregate content be 65-75wt.%.
The content for regulating and controlling different-grain diameter aggregate in coarse aggregate and fine aggregate using above-mentioned preferred embodiment can be further
Make grading of aggregates that continuous grading state be presented, obtained grading curve is more close with ideal Fu Leshi curves, to make concrete
Performance more preferably.
In the present invention, the cement, flyash and miberal powder can be the conventional selection of this field.But the cement is excellent
It is selected as the Portland cement of PO42.5.
Flyash is preferably (steam power plant generates) flyash (such as second class powered coal ash or first level flour of grade more than two level
Coal ash).Flyash is the particle matter that coal-burning power plant obtains, mainly by calcium aluminium silicate (calcium
Aluminosilicates it) forms, bulk density is usually 0.5-1.5g/cm3。
Miberal powder is preferably granulated blast-furnace slag of the grade at S95 grades or more.
In the present invention, by being used cooperatively specific cementitious matter and aggregate, can largely it reduce described cementing
The dosage of material.Therefore, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, relative to continuous grading mixture per ton, the cementitious matter
Dosage be 200-240kg.
In the present invention, the concrete can also contain water-reducing agent.The dosage of the water-reducing agent is not required particularly,
Under preferable case, relative to continuous grading mixture per ton, the dosage of the water-reducing agent is 3.5-4kg.The water-reducing agent can
Think polycarboxylate water-reducer commonly used in the art (solution that solid content is 10-30wt.% is typically formulated as when use), and
Can be commercially available, this will not be detailed here.
The content of water can be customary amount in the concrete of the present invention, for example, being mixed relative to continuous grading per ton
Material, the dosage of water are generally 90-100kg.
The method provided by the invention for preparing the concrete includes mixing cementitious matter, continuous grading mixture and water.
Wherein, the type and dosage of cementitious matter and continuous grading mixture are as previously mentioned, details are not described herein.
Conventional mode may be used and carry out the mixing, for example, can be by blender.Preferred reality according to the present invention
Mode is applied, is by the mode that cementitious matter, continuous grading mixture and water mix：(1) first cementitious matter, fine aggregate and water are mixed,
(2) mixture of acquisition is mixed with coarse aggregate again.If using water-reducing agent, water-reducing agent is preferably mixed in step (1).
The particle of flyash is in ball-type, and addition is helpful to the liquidation of concrete.The glue of common flyash
Knot property is very low, and only has an impact to the later strength of concrete.The present inventor has found under study for action, flyash and thin
The Unit Weight (tight packing density) of aggregate is bigger, and the mobility of concrete is better.It, can in order to obtain more preferably working volume
To determine the dosage of flyash according to fine aggregate.Therefore, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, flyash is mixed with fine aggregate
Unit Weight afterwards indicates that the weight of flyash is indicated with F with U, and the S.S.D weight of fine aggregate indicates that flyash adds with Wa
Rate is added to be indicated with F% and F%=F/ (F+Wa), this method further includes determining relationship between U and F% using unit weight experiment,
And conic section regression equation is established, so that it is determined that the adding rate of best flyash.Wherein, the unit weight experiment is specific
Operation can be found in GB/T14685-2001.
In the present invention, the dosage of water is not particularly limited, can be conventional amount used.For example, relative to company per ton
Continuous graded mixture, the dosage of water can be 90-100kg.
The present invention will be described in more detail by the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
In following embodiment, the addition method for determination of amount of flyash is following (by taking embodiment 1 as an example)：
Flyash indicates that the weight of flyash is indicated with F, fine aggregate with U with the mixed Unit Weight of fine aggregate
S.S.D weight indicates that the adding rate of flyash is indicated with F% and F%=F/ (F+Wa) with Wa.According to unit weight experiment (referring to
Standard GB/T14685-2001) determine relationship between U (y) and F% (x), and establish conic section regression equation " y=-
5843.2x2+ 946.78x+4760.9, R2=0.9251 ", so as to be calculated, when x=8%, y will be maximized, thus
The dosage (F) of flyash can be further determined according to the S.S.D weight of fine aggregate.
Embodiment 1-4
Cement is the Portland cement of PO42.5, and technical parameter meets GB175-2007；Flyash is two level；Mine
Powder is S95 grades, 7 days activity >=75%, 28 days activity >=95%；The selection of aggregate is as shown in table 1 below.
Preparation process is：First fine aggregate (fine sand and coarse sand), cement, miberal powder, flyash, water, polycarboxylate water-reducer (are subtracted
Water rate is 25%, is purchased from Shanghai Sanrui Chemistry Co., Ltd, and when use is configured to the solution that solid content is 12wt.%) input stirs
Stirring 45 seconds in machine are mixed, mortar is formed, coarse aggregate (gravelstone and great Shi) is then cast to discharging after stirring 15 seconds again, obtains coagulation
Soil.
Reference standard GB/T50080-2002 measures the divergence of concrete with slump bucket.
Concrete test block is made using die trial, and is conserved 28 days in fog room, conjunction should just be calculated in 46MPa or more by surveying its intensity
Lattice.Concrete strength is tested according to GB/T 50081-2002 standard for test methods of mechanical properties of ordinary concretes.
Table 1
As can be seen from the above embodiments, for concrete divergence of the invention between 55-65cm, intensity can reach C30-
Phenomena such as C60 is not in isolation, bleeding and floating ash.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above in detail, still, during present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above
Detail can carry out a variety of simple variants to technical scheme of the present invention within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, this
A little simple variants all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
It is further to note that specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments, in not lance
In the case of shield, can be combined by any suitable means, in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention to it is various can
The combination of energy no longer separately illustrates.
In addition, various embodiments of the present invention can be combined randomly, as long as it is without prejudice to originally
The thought of invention, it should also be regarded as the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of concrete, which contains cementitious matter and is mixed by cementitious matter continuous grading bonded to each other
Material, the continuous grading mixture includes fine aggregate and coarse aggregate, which is characterized in that it is 1 that the cementitious matter, which contains weight ratio,：
0.3-1.5：The weight ratio of cement, flyash and the miberal powder of 0.5-1.5, the fine aggregate and coarse aggregate is 1：0.8-1.3, it is described
Grain size≤25mm of coarse aggregate；Wherein, on the basis of the total weight of the fine aggregate, grain size is more than in the fine aggregate
The content of aggregates of the 0.075mm less than or equal to 3mm is 65-75wt.%, and grain size is more than the content of aggregates of the 3mm less than or equal to 5mm
For 25-35wt.%；On the basis of the total weight of the coarse aggregate, grain size is more than 5mm and is less than or equal to 12.5mm in the coarse aggregate
Aggregate content be 25-35wt.%, grain size be more than 12.5mm less than or equal to 25mm aggregate content be 65-75wt.%；
Wherein, relative to continuous grading mixture per ton, the dosage of the cementitious matter is 200-240kg.
2. concrete according to claim 1, wherein the face of the fine aggregate do saturated weight and flyash weight it
Between ratio be 9-16.
3. concrete according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cement is the Portland cement of PO42.5；Fine coal
Ash is second class powered coal ash or level-one flyash；The granulated blast-furnace slag that miberal powder is S95 grades or more.
4. concrete according to claim 1, wherein the concrete also contains water-reducing agent；Relative to per ton continuous
The dosage of graded mixture, the water-reducing agent is 3.5-4kg.
5. the method for preparing the concrete described in any one of claim 1-4, this method includes by cementitious matter, continuous grading
Mixture and water mixing.
6. according to the method described in claim 5, wherein, being by the mode that cementitious matter, continuous grading mixture and water mix：First
Cementitious matter, fine aggregate and water are mixed, then the mixture of acquisition is mixed with coarse aggregate.
7. method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein flyash indicates with the mixed Unit Weight of fine aggregate with U,
The weight of flyash indicates that the face of fine aggregate does saturated weight and indicates that the adding rate of flyash is indicated with F% and F% with Wa with F
=F/ (F+Wa), this method further include using unit weight experiment to determine the relationship between U and F%, and establish conic section recurrence
Equation, so that it is determined that the adding rate of best flyash.
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| CN201510126160.5A CN106032314B (en) | 2015-03-20 | 2015-03-20 | Concrete and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106032314B true CN106032314B (en) | 2018-09-21 |
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| CN101293763B (en) * | 2008-06-26 | 2010-10-13 | 河南国基建设集团有限公司 | Water permeable concrete and pavement construction method |
| CN103396060B (en) * | 2013-08-07 | 2015-06-10 | 上海宝钢工程咨询有限公司 | Concrete mixture for mass concrete construction |
| CN103936373B (en) * | 2014-04-03 | 2016-02-17 | 重庆建工桥梁工程有限责任公司 | Maritime concrete |
| CN104016631B (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2016-06-15 | 郑卫东 | A kind of low cost ready mixed concrete |
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