CN106026758B - Generator and preparation method thereof and generating set - Google Patents
Generator and preparation method thereof and generating set Download PDFInfo
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- CN106026758B CN106026758B CN201610327153.6A CN201610327153A CN106026758B CN 106026758 B CN106026758 B CN 106026758B CN 201610327153 A CN201610327153 A CN 201610327153A CN 106026758 B CN106026758 B CN 106026758B
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- layer
- frictional
- electret
- frictional layer
- support film
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/04—Friction generators
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of generator and preparation method thereof and generating sets.The generator unit and friction element that the generator includes the following steps: bracket and is fixed on bracket, generator unit and the setting of friction element interval, generator unit includes electrode layer and electret layer, and electret layer is laminated on electrode layer, and electret layer is thus negatively charged processing；Friction element includes support film and frictional layer, one end of support film is fixedly connected with bracket, the other end of support film can wave under the action of the forces of the wind, the material of frictional layer is conductive material, frictional layer is laminated in support film, frictional layer is electrically connected with electrode layer, frictional layer is laminated on frictional layer, frictional layer is oppositely arranged with electret layer, frictional layer and electret layer are accessible, wherein, frictional layer can wave with support film and change the distance between frictional layer and electrode layer, and contact frictional layer with electret layer.Above-mentioned generator has preferable output performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of power generation, in particular to a kind of generator and preparation method thereof and generating set.
Background technique
It is more urgent for the demand of sensor with the development and progress of technology of Internet of things, to sensor power supply module
Powerup issue also proposed severe challenge.The limiting factors such as the service life due to battery, in addition to using battery, our urgent need
The supply for developing multiple kinds of energy collection method to supplement battery as probe power, so that compound energy device is met the tendency of
And it gives birth to, such as friction electric generator.
At present, it has been reported that friction electric generator be usually be made of the material of two different frictional properties, be based on
Two kinds of materials are contacting and separating, to generate electric signal.Although triboelectricity technology was quickly grown in recent years, actually this
Generation technology inevitably faces the problem of practical application aspect, and charging ability is weaker, it is difficult to it is steady for a long time to meet electronic device
Fixed energy supply demand.If can be further improved the output performance of friction generator, various electronic products are carried out to realize
Lasting charging, will fundamentally alleviate current energy crisis.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, it is necessary to provide a kind of preferable generator of output performance.
In addition, also providing the preparation method and generating set of a kind of generator.
A kind of generator, including bracket and the generator unit and friction element that are fixed on the bracket, the power generation is single
The setting of first and described friction element interval, in which:
The generator unit includes electrode layer and electret layer, and the electret layer is laminated on the electrode layer, described
Electret layer is thus negatively charged processing；
The friction element includes support film and frictional layer, and one end of the support film and the bracket, which are fixed, to be connected
It connects, the other end of the support film can wave under the action of the forces of the wind, and the material of the frictional layer is conductive material, described to rub
Wiping is laminated on layer by layer in the support film, and the frictional layer is electrically connected with the electrode layer, the frictional layer and the electret
Layer is oppositely arranged, and the frictional layer and the electret layer are accessible, wherein the frictional layer can wave with the support film
And change the distance between the frictional layer and the electrode layer, and contact the frictional layer with the electret layer.
The material of the electrode layer is in nickel, aluminium, gold, silver, copper and indium tin oxide in one of the embodiments,
It is a kind of.
The material of the frictional layer is in nickel, aluminium, gold, silver, copper and indium tin oxide in one of the embodiments,
It is a kind of.
In one of the embodiments, the material of the electret layer be selected from amorphous fluororesin, dimethyl silicone polymer,
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), FEP fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer, polycarbonate, fluorinated ethylene propylene, polypropylene, polyethylene, silica and
One of silicon substrate silicon nitride.
The material of the support film is selected from polyimides, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethyl-ne in one of the embodiments,
Alkene, polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyvinylidene chloride, polyether, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, poly- pair
Polyethylene terephthalate alcohol, polyisobutene, elastic polyurethane sponge, polyvinyl butyral, polyacrylonitrile and poly bis phenol carbon
One of acid esters.
The bracket is the cylindrical shell of both ends open in one of the embodiments, the generator unit and described is rubbed
It wipes unit to be contained in the bracket, one side of the electrode layer far from the electret layer and the inner wall of the bracket are fixed
Connection, one end of the support film are fixedly connected with an open end of the bracket, axial direction of the other end towards the bracket
Extend.
A kind of preparation method of generator, includes the following steps:
Electret layer is formed on electrode layer, and to the negatively charged processing of the electret layer, obtains generator unit；
Frictional layer is formed in support film, obtains friction element, wherein the material of the frictional layer is conductive material；
Bracket is provided, one end interval of the generator unit and the support film is fixed on the bracket, institute is made
It states frictional layer to be oppositely arranged with the electret layer, and the frictional layer is electrically connected with the electrode layer, wherein the friction
Layer is accessible with the electret layer, and the one end of the support film far from the bracket can wave under the action of the forces of the wind, institute
Stating frictional layer can wave with the support film and change the distance between the frictional layer and the electrode layer, and make described
Frictional layer is contacted with the electret layer.
The method for forming the frictional layer in the support film in one of the embodiments, is magnetron sputtering plating
Or electron beam evaporation plating.
A kind of generating set, including bracket, the first generator unit, the second generator unit and friction element, first hair
Electric unit, second generator unit and the friction element are both secured on the bracket, first generator unit and institute
It states the second generator unit to be arranged with the friction element interval, and the friction element is located at first generator unit and institute
It states between the second generator unit, in which:
First generator unit includes first electrode layer and the first electret layer, and first electret layer is laminated in institute
It states in first electrode layer, first electret layer is thus negatively charged processing；
Second generator unit includes the second electrode lay and the second electret layer, and second electret layer is laminated in institute
It states on the second electrode lay, second electret layer is thus negatively charged processing；
The friction element includes support film, the first frictional layer and the second frictional layer, one end of the support film with
The bracket is fixedly connected, and the other end of the support film can wave under the action of the forces of the wind, first frictional layer and institute
It states the second frictional layer to be respectively laminated on opposite two surface of the support film, first frictional layer and described second
The material of frictional layer is conductive material, and first frictional layer is electrically connected with the first electrode layer, first frictional layer
It is oppositely arranged with first electret layer, and first frictional layer and first electret layer are accessible, described second
Frictional layer is electrically connected with the second electrode lay, and second frictional layer is oppositely arranged with second electret layer, and described
Second frictional layer and second electret layer are accessible；Wherein, first frictional layer and second frictional layer are with described
Support film can wave and make distance and second frictional layer and institute between first frictional layer and the first electrode layer
It states the distance between the second electrode lay to change, and contacts first frictional layer with first electret layer, described
Two frictional layers are contacted with second electret layer.
Since the support film of above-mentioned generator can wave under the action of the forces of the wind, and frictional layer is driven to wave, makes to rub
It wipes layer and contacts friction with electret layer, to realize triboelectricity；Meanwhile when frictional layer and electret layer do not contact, due to staying
Polar body layer is thus negatively charged processing, and frictional layer is conductive material, so that storing the electret layer of charge, electrode layer and frictional layer
Capacitance structure is constituted, when support film layer can wave under the action of the forces of the wind, so that electrode layer constantly becomes at a distance from frictional layer
Change, causes the capacitance of capacitance structure to change, charge redistributes constantly between electrode layer and frictional layer, quiet to realize
Electricity power generation, so that electrostatic generating and triboelectricity are combined together, can effectively improve the output performance of generator.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the generator of an embodiment；
Fig. 2 is distribution of charges when generator shown in FIG. 1 is omitted the frictional layer after bracket and electret layer contacts
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the distribution of charges after the frictional layer of generator shown in Fig. 2 is separated with electret layer；
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the preparation method of the generator of an embodiment；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the generating set of an embodiment；
Fig. 6 is the charging time of the generator of embodiment 1 and the curve graph of charging voltage；
Fig. 7 is the charging time of the generator of comparative example 1 and the curve graph of charging voltage.
Specific embodiment
To facilitate the understanding of the present invention, a more comprehensive description of the invention is given in the following sections with reference to the relevant attached drawings.In attached drawing
Give preferred embodiment of the invention.But the invention can be realized in many different forms, however it is not limited to herein
Described embodiment.On the contrary, purpose of providing these embodiments is keeps the understanding to the disclosure more saturating
It is thorough comprehensive.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein and belong to technical field of the invention
The normally understood meaning of technical staff is identical.Term as used herein in the specification of the present invention is intended merely to description tool
The purpose of the embodiment of body, it is not intended that in the limitation present invention.Term " and or " used herein includes one or more phases
Any and all combinations of the listed item of pass.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of generator 100, including bracket 110, generator unit 120 and friction element 130.
Bracket 110 is the support section of entire generator 100.Wherein, bracket 110 is the cylindrical shell of both ends open.Tool
In the present embodiment, bracket 110 is the square column type shell of both ends open to body.
Generator unit 120 is fixed on bracket 110.Specifically, generator unit 120 is contained in bracket 110.Generator unit
120 include electrode layer 122 and electret layer 124.
Electrode layer 122 is fixed on the inner wall of bracket 110.Wherein, electrode layer 122 can be connected by conducting wire with rectifier
It connects.
Wherein, the material of electrode layer 122 is selected from one of nickel, aluminium, gold, silver, copper and indium tin oxide.
Electret layer 124 is laminated on electrode layer 122.Wherein, the material of electret layer 124 be selected from amorphous fluororesin,
Dimethyl silicone polymer, FEP fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer, polycarbonate, fluorinated ethylene propylene, polypropylene, gathers polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
One of ethylene, silica and silicon substrate silicon nitride.
Wherein, electret layer 124 is thus negatively charged processing, so that electret layer 124 itself charges, so that 100 shape of generator
At electrostatic generating.
Friction element 130 is fixed on bracket 110.Specifically, friction element 130 is contained in bracket 110.Wherein, it rubs
Wiping unit 130 includes support film 132 and frictional layer 134.
One end of support film 132 is fixedly connected with bracket 110, and the other end of support film 132 is under the action of the forces of the wind
It can wave.Specifically, one end of support film 132 is fixedly connected with an open end of bracket 110, the other end is towards bracket 110
It is axially extending.
Wherein, support film 132 is insulating materials.The material of support film 132 is selected from polyimides, polyvinyl chloride, gathers
Tetrafluoroethene, polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyvinylidene chloride, polyether, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene
Alcohol, polyethylene terephthalate alcohol, polyisobutene, elastic polyurethane sponge, polyvinyl butyral, polyacrylonitrile and poly bis
One of phenol carbonate.
Frictional layer 134 is laminated in support film 132.Frictional layer 134 is electrically connected with electrode layer 122, and frictional layer 134 with
Electret layer 124 is oppositely arranged.Wherein, frictional layer 134 is electrically connected by conducting wire 140 with electrode layer 122, so that frictional layer 134
Capacitor is capable of forming with electrode layer 132.
Wherein, the material of frictional layer 134 is conductive material.Specifically, the material of frictional layer 134 be selected from nickel, aluminium, gold, silver,
One of copper and indium tin oxide.
Wherein, frictional layer 134 and electret layer 124 are accessible.And frictional layer 134 can wave with support film 132 and be made
The distance between frictional layer 134 and electret layer 124 change, and contact frictional layer 134 with electret layer 124.It supports thin
It when film 132 waves under the action of the forces of the wind, is able to drive frictional layer 134 and moves therewith, and make frictional layer 134 and electrode
The distance of layer 122 changes, and frictional layer 134 is enable to contact with electret layer 124.Specifically, wind is installed from bracket 110
There is one end of support film 132 to enter in bracket 110.
Above-mentioned generator 100 realizes that the concrete principle of power generation is as follows:
Support film 132 is waved under the action of the forces of the wind, and the frictional layer 134 in support film 132 is driven to wave, so that
Frictional layer 134 is contacted with electret layer 124, and after contact, the surface of electret layer 124 has a negative electrical charge, and the table of frictional layer 134
Face has positive charge, as shown in Fig. 2, after frictional layer 134 is separated with electret layer 124, in order to reach balance electret layer 124
On, electrons flow to electrode layer 122 by frictional layer 134, so that electrode layer 122 has positive charge, as shown in figure 3, the mistake
Journey will form electric signal and export outward, this is triboelectricity process；
In addition, since electrode layer 122 is electrically connected with frictional layer 134, electret layer 124 is thus negatively charged processing, and frictional layer
134 material is conductive material, so that storing the electret layer of charge when frictional layer 134 and electret layer 124 do not contact
124, electrode layer 122 and frictional layer 134 constitute capacitance structure, and the effect due to support film 132 in wind-force is waved, so that electrode
Layer 122 constantly changes at a distance from frictional layer 134, causes the capacitance of capacitance structure to change, charge is constantly in electrode layer
It is redistributed between 122 and frictional layer 134, this is electrostatic generating process.
Since the support film 132 of above-mentioned generator 100 can wave under the action of the forces of the wind, and drive frictional layer 134
It waves with frictional layer 134, contacts frictional layer 134 with electrode layer 122, to realize triboelectricity；Simultaneously as electrode layer 122
It is electrically connected with frictional layer 134, when frictional layer 134 is not contacted with electret layer 124, electret layer 124 is thus negatively charged processing, and
The material of frictional layer 134 is conductive material, so that storing the electret layer 124 of charge, electrode layer 122 and 134 structure of frictional layer
At capacitance structure, when support film 132 can wave under the action of the forces of the wind, so that electrode layer 122 is at a distance from frictional layer 134
Constantly variation, cause the capacitance of capacitance structure to change, charge constantly between electrode layer 122 and frictional layer 134 again
Distribution, to realize electrostatic generating, so that electrostatic generating and triboelectricity are combined together, can effectively improve generator
100 output performance.
As shown in figure 4, the preparation method of the generator of an embodiment, includes the following steps:
Step S210: forming electret layer on electrode layer, and to the negatively charged processing of electret layer, obtains generator unit.
Wherein, the material of electrode layer is selected from one of nickel, aluminium, gold, silver, copper and indium tin oxide.
Wherein, the material of electret layer is selected from amorphous fluororesin, dimethyl silicone polymer, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), fluorination second
One in propylene copolymer, polycarbonate, fluorinated ethylene propylene, polypropylene, polyethylene, silica and silicon substrate silicon nitride
Kind.
It wherein, is three pole electric discharges, i.e. the needle point pole of high-voltage charge and discharge device to the method for the negatively charged processing of electret layer
The voltage for being 6000V between ground is the voltage of 2000V between grid and ground.Wherein, the charging time is 10 minutes.
Step S220: forming frictional layer in support film, obtains friction element.
Wherein, the material of support film is selected from polyimides, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polypropylene, polyethylene, gathers
Styrene, polyether, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene terephthalate alcohol, gathers polyvinylidene chloride
One of isobutene, elastic polyurethane sponge, polyvinyl butyral, polyacrylonitrile and poly bis phenol carbonate.
Wherein, the material of frictional layer is conductive material.Specifically, the material of frictional layer is selected from nickel, aluminium, gold, copper, silver and indium
One of tin-oxide.
Wherein, the method that frictional layer is formed in support film is magnetron sputtering or vapor deposition.
Step S230: bracket is provided, one end interval of generator unit and support film is fixed on bracket, frictional layer is made
It is oppositely arranged with electret layer, and frictional layer is electrically connected with electrode layer.Wherein, frictional layer and electret layer are accessible, friction
Layer can wave under the action of the forces of the wind far from one end of bracket, and frictional layer can wave with support film and make frictional layer and electrode layer
The distance between change, and contact frictional layer with electret layer.It, being capable of band when i.e. support film is waved under the action of the forces of the wind
Dynamic friction layer moves therewith, and frictional layer is changed at a distance from electrode layer, and make frictional layer and electret layer
It can contact.
It is appreciated that the preparation method of above-mentioned generator is not limited to said sequence, it can also be by step S220 and step
The sequence of S210 is exchanged, alternatively, it is just that generator unit is rack-mount after preparing the generator unit, then prepare friction list
Member.
The preparation method of above-mentioned generator is simple, easy to operate.And the power generation equipment of the preparation method preparation of above-mentioned generator
There is preferable output performance.
As shown in figure 5, the generating set 300 of an embodiment, including bracket (not shown), the first generator unit 320,
Two generator units 330 and friction element 340.
Bracket 310 is identical as the bracket of an embodiment generator.
Wherein, the first generator unit 320, the second generator unit 330 and friction element 340 are both secured on bracket, and first
Generator unit 320 and the second generator unit 330, which are spaced with friction element 340, to be arranged.
First generator unit 320 includes first electrode layer 322 and the first electret layer 324.Wherein, first electrode layer 322
It is identical as the electrode layer of the generator of an embodiment；The electret of first electret layer 324 and the generator of an embodiment
Layer is identical.
Second generator unit 330 includes the second electrode lay 332 and the second electret layer 334.Wherein, the second electrode lay 332
It is identical as the electrode layer of the generator of an embodiment；The electret of second electret layer 334 and the generator of an embodiment
Layer is identical.
Friction element 340 is between the first generator unit 320 and the second generator unit 330.Wherein, friction element 340
Including support film 342, the first frictional layer 343 and the first frictional layer 343.
First frictional layer 343 and the second frictional layer 344 are identical as the frictional layer of the generator of an embodiment.
First frictional layer 343 and the second frictional layer 344 are respectively laminated on opposite two surface of support film 342.
Specifically, the first frictional layer 343 and the second frictional layer 344 are identical as the frictional layer of an embodiment.
Wherein, the first frictional layer 343 is electrically connected with first electrode layer 322, and the first frictional layer 343 and first electrode layer
322 electrical connections, the second frictional layer 344 are electrically connected with the second electrode lay 332.
Wherein, the first frictional layer 343 is oppositely arranged with the first electret layer 324, and the first frictional layer 343 and the first electret
Body layer 324 is accessible；Second frictional layer 344 is oppositely arranged with the second electret layer 334, and the second frictional layer 344 is stayed with second
Polar body layer 324 is accessible.
Wherein, the first frictional layer 343 and the second frictional layer 344 can wave with support film 342 and make the first frictional layer 343
Distance and the distance between the second frictional layer 344 and the second electrode lay 332 change between first electrode layer 322, and make
One frictional layer 343 is contacted with the first electret layer 324, and the second frictional layer 344 is contacted with the second electret layer 334.
Wherein, the first electret layer 324, first electrode layer 322, the first frictional layer 343 and support film 342 constitute one
Generator；Second electret layer 334, the second electrode lay 332, the second frictional layer 344 and support film 342 constitute a power generation
Machine, two parallel operation of generator.
Wherein, the working principle of above-mentioned generating set 300 specifically:
Support film 342 is waved under the action of the forces of the wind, and drives the first frictional layer 343 in support film 342 and
The movement of two frictional layers 344, when being moved when support film 342 towards the direction close to the first generator unit 320, the first frictional layer 343
It is contacted with the first electret layer 324, so that the surface of the first electret layer 324 has negative electrical charge, and the table of the first frictional layer 343
Face has positive charge, when the first frictional layer 343 is separated with the first electret layer 324, in order to reach the first electret layer of balance
Electronics on 324, electrons flow to first electrode layer 322 from the first frictional layer 343, so that first electrode layer 322 is with just
Charge, the process will form electric signal and export outward；It is transported when the second frictional layer 344 towards the direction close to the second generator unit 330
When dynamic, the second frictional layer 344 is contacted with the second electret layer 334, so that the surface of the second electret layer 334 has negative electrical charge,
And the surface of the second frictional layer 346 has positive charge, when the second frictional layer 344 is separated with the second electret layer 334, in order to reach
Electronics onto the second electret layer 334 of balance, electrons flow to the second electrode lay 332 from the second frictional layer 344, so that the
Two electrode layers 332 have positive charge, which will form electric signal and export outward, this is triboelectricity process.
In addition, since the first frictional layer 343 is electrically connected with first electrode layer 322, the second frictional layer 344 and the second electrode lay
332 electrical connections, and the insulation barrier of support film 342 acts on, the material of the first frictional layer 343 and the second frictional layer 344 is
Conductive material, the first electret layer 324 and the second electret layer 334 are thus negatively charged processing, so that when the first frictional layer 343 and the
When one electret layer 324 does not contact and the second frictional layer 344 and the second electret layer 334 do not contact, the first of charge is stored
Electret layer 324, first electrode layer 322 and the first frictional layer 343 constitute capacitance structure, store the second electret layer of charge
334, the second electrode lay 332 and the second frictional layer 346 constitute capacitance structure, and the effect due to support film 342 in wind-force is waved,
So that first electrode layer 322 constantly changes at a distance from the first frictional layer 343, the second electrode lay 332 and the second frictional layer 344
Distance constantly variation, causes the capacitance of capacitance structure to change, charge is constantly in first electrode layer 322 and the first frictional layer
It is redistributed between 343, between the second electrode lay 332 and the second frictional layer 344, it is defeated outward which also will form electric signal
Out, this is electrostatic generating process.
Since above-mentioned generating set 300 is similar with an embodiment generator, also by electrostatic generating and triboelectricity knot
It is combined, effectively improves the output performance of generator.
The following are specific embodiment parts:
Embodiment 1
The preparation process of the generator of the present embodiment is as follows:
(1) amorphous fluororesin is coated on the electrode layer with a thickness of 20 microns, solidified through 180 DEG C, form electret layer,
Using high-voltage charge and discharge device to the negatively charged processing of electret layer, and when negatively charged processing, for 6000V's between needle point pole and ground
Voltage is the voltage of 2000V between grid and ground, and the charging time is 10 minutes, obtains generator unit.Wherein, the material of electrode layer
For aluminium.
(2) magnetron sputtering is formed and is rubbed with a thickness of 200 microns on the surface of the support film with a thickness of 50 microns
Layer is wiped, friction element is obtained.Wherein, the material of support film is polyimides；The material of frictional layer is aluminium.
(3) bracket is provided, bracket is the cylindrical shell of both ends open, by the fixed company of the inner wall of first electrode layer and bracket
It connects, one end of support film is fixedly connected with an opening of bracket by a crossbeam, and frictional layer and electrode layer are electrically connected
It connects, and makes frictional layer and electret layer interval and be oppositely arranged, obtain generator.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of the generator of the present embodiment is similar with the preparation method of the generator of embodiment 1, and difference is only that:
The material of electrode layer is nickel, and the material of electret layer is dimethyl silicone polymer, and the material of support film is polyvinyl chloride, friction
The material of layer is nickel.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of the generator of the present embodiment is similar with the preparation method of the generator of embodiment 1, and difference is only that:
The material of electrode layer is copper, and the material of electret layer is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and the material of support film is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), frictional layer
Material be copper.
Embodiment 4
The preparation method of the generator of the present embodiment is similar with the preparation method of the generator of embodiment 1, and difference is only that:
The material of electrode layer is silver, and the material of electret is FEP fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer, and the material of support film is polypropylene, frictional layer
Material be silver.
Embodiment 5
The preparation method of the generator of the present embodiment is similar with the preparation method of the generator of embodiment 1, and difference is only that:
The material of electrode layer is gold, and the material of electret layer is polycarbonate, and the material of support film is polyethylene, the material of frictional layer
For silver.
Embodiment 6
The preparation method of the generator of the present embodiment is similar with the preparation method of the generator of embodiment 1, and difference is only that:
The material of electrode layer is indium tin oxide, and the material of electret layer is fluorinated ethylene propylene, and the material of support film is polyphenyl
Ethylene, the material of frictional layer are indium tin oxide.
Embodiment 7
The preparation method of the generator of the present embodiment is similar with the preparation method of the generator of embodiment 1, and difference is only that:
The material of electrode layer is copper, and the material of electret layer is polypropylene, and the material of support film is polyvinylidene chloride, frictional layer
Material is gold.
Embodiment 8
The preparation method of the generator of the present embodiment is similar with the preparation method of the generator of embodiment 1, and difference is only that:
The material of electrode layer is gold, and the material of electret layer is silica, and the material of support film is polyether, the material of frictional layer
For copper.
Embodiment 9
The preparation method of the generator of the present embodiment is similar with the preparation method of the generator of embodiment 1, and difference is only that:
The material of electrode layer is indium tin oxide, and the material of electret layer is silicon substrate silicon nitride, and the material of support film is poly- methyl-prop
E pioic acid methyl ester, the material of frictional layer are nickel.
Embodiment 10
The preparation method of the generator of the present embodiment is similar with the preparation method of the generator of embodiment 1, and difference is only that:
The material of electret layer is polyethylene, and the material of support film is polyvinyl alcohol.
Embodiment 11
The preparation method of the generator of the present embodiment is similar with the preparation method of the generator of embodiment 1, and difference is only that:
The material of support film is polyethylene terephthalate alcohol.
Embodiment 12
The preparation method of the generator of the present embodiment is similar with the preparation method of the generator of embodiment 1, and difference is only that:
The material of support film is polyisobutene.
Embodiment 13
The preparation process of the generating set of the present embodiment is similar with the preparation process of the generating set of embodiment 1, difference
It is only that, the material of support film is polyvinyl butyral.
Embodiment 14
The preparation process of the generating set of the present embodiment is similar with the preparation process of the generating set of embodiment 1, difference
It is only that, the material of support film is polyacrylonitrile.
Embodiment 15
The preparation process of the generating set of the present embodiment is similar with the preparation process of the generating set of embodiment 1, difference
It is only that, the material of support film is poly bis phenol carbonate.
Embodiment 16
The preparation process of the generating set of the present embodiment is as follows:
(1) in the first electrode layer with a thickness of 20 microns and with a thickness of being respectively coated on 20 microns of the second electrode lay without fixed
Shape fluororesin solidifies through 180 DEG C, forms the first electret and the second electret layer；Then, distinguished using high-voltage charge and discharge device
To the first electret layer and the negatively charged processing of the second electret layer, and when negatively charged processing, for 6000V's between needle point pole and ground
Voltage is the voltage of 2000V between grid and ground, and the charging time is 10 minutes, respectively obtains the first generator unit and the second power generation
Unit.Wherein, the material of first electrode layer is aluminium；The material of the second electrode lay is aluminium；The material of first electret layer is without fixed
Shape fluororesin；The material of second electret is amorphous fluororesin.
(2) on opposite two surface of the support film with a thickness of 50 microns respectively vapor deposition formed the first frictional layer and
Second frictional layer, obtains friction element.Wherein, the material of support film is elastic polyurethane sponge；The material of first frictional layer
For aluminium；The material of second frictional layer is aluminium.
(3) bracket is provided, bracket is the cylindrical shell of both ends open, by first electrode layer and the second electrode lay respectively with branch
The inner wall of frame is fixedly connected, and an opening of one end of support film and bracket is fixedly connected by a crossbeam, and by first
Frictional layer is electrically connected with first electrode layer, and the second frictional layer is electrically connected with the second electrode lay, and stays the first frictional layer with first
Polar body interlayer every and be oppositely arranged, the second frictional layer and the second electret layer interval and be oppositely arranged, and friction element is located at the
Between one generator unit and the second generator unit, generator is obtained.
Comparative example 1
The preparation process of the generator of comparative example 1 is as follows:
(1) amorphous fluororesin is coated on the electrode layer with a thickness of 20 microns, solidified through 180 DEG C, formed electret, obtain
To generator unit.Wherein, the material of electrode layer is aluminium.
(2) gold that magnetron sputtering is formed with a thickness of 200 microns on a surface of the support film with a thickness of 50 microns
Belong to layer, then form the frictional layer with a thickness of 120 nanometers on the metal layer, obtains friction element.Wherein, the material of support film is
Polyimides；The material of metal layer is aluminium；The material of frictional layer is polyimides.
(3) bracket is provided, bracket is the cylindrical shell of both ends open, by the fixed company of the inner wall of first electrode layer and bracket
It connects, one end of support film is fixedly connected with an opening of bracket by a crossbeam, and metal layer and electrode layer are electrically connected
It connects, and makes frictional layer and electret layer interval and be oppositely arranged, obtain generator.
To the generator electric performance test of embodiment 1 and comparative example 1:
One end fixed to the bracket of embodiment 1 and comparative example 1 and support film applies wind-force, in the output two of generator
The AC signal that generator exports, is changed into direct current signal, then a capacitor is electrically connected with rectifier bridge by end connection rectifier bridge, right
Capacitor charging is electrically charged the voltage value at capacitor both ends using voltmeter test, and support film is waved under the action of the forces of the wind, and is made
Frictional layer is constantly contacting and separating with electret layer, and voltmeter has electric signal, to obtain the hair of embodiment 1 and comparative example 1
The charging time of motor and the curve graph of charging voltage.From fig. 6 it can be seen that the generator of embodiment 1 exports electric energy for 10 μ
The capacitor of F is charged to 29V in 80s, and the generator of the individual triboelectricity of the comparative example 1 of Fig. 7 exports electric energy for 10 μ F
Capacitor need 300S or more that can just be charged to 29V, in other words, the integrated hair of the triboelectricity of embodiment 1 and electrostatic generating
Motor, to the same capacitor charging to identical voltage, charge rate is up to the generator of the only triboelectricity of comparative example 1
3.75 again.And the generator of embodiment 2~15 and the generating set of embodiment 16 have similar output performance with embodiment 1, this
Place repeats no more.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, for simplicity of description, not to above-mentioned reality
It applies all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example to be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited
In contradiction, all should be considered as described in this specification.
The embodiments described above only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
It cannot therefore be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that coming for those of ordinary skill in the art
It says, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to protection of the invention
Range.Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the invention shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of generator, which is characterized in that including bracket and the generator unit and friction element that are fixed on the bracket, institute
State generator unit and friction element interval setting, in which:
The generator unit includes electrode layer and electret layer, and the electret layer is laminated on the electrode layer, the electret
Body layer is thus negatively charged processing；
The friction element includes support film and frictional layer, and one end of the support film is fixedly connected with the bracket, institute
The other end for stating support film can wave under the action of the forces of the wind, and the material of the frictional layer is selected from nickel, aluminium, gold, silver, copper and indium
One of tin-oxide, the frictional layer are laminated in the support film, and the frictional layer is with the electrode layer by leading
Line electrical connection, so that frictional layer and electrode layer are capable of forming capacitor, the frictional layer is oppositely arranged with the electret layer, described
Frictional layer and the electret layer are accessible, wherein the frictional layer can wave with the support film and make the frictional layer
The distance between described electrode layer changes, and contacts the frictional layer with the electret layer.
2. generator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the material of the electrode layer is selected from nickel, aluminium, gold, silver, copper
And one of indium tin oxide.
3. generator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the material of the electret layer is selected from amorphous fluorine tree
Rouge, dimethyl silicone polymer, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), FEP fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer, polycarbonate, fluorinated ethylene propylene, polypropylene,
One of polyethylene, silica and silicon substrate silicon nitride.
4. generator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the material of the support film is selected from polyimides, gathers
Vinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyvinylidene chloride, polyether, poly-methyl methacrylate
Ester, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene terephthalate alcohol, polyisobutene, elastic polyurethane sponge, polyvinyl butyral, poly- third
One of alkene nitrile and poly bis phenol carbonate.
5. generator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the bracket is the cylindrical shell of both ends open, described
Generator unit and the friction element are contained in the bracket, one side of the electrode layer far from the electret layer and institute
The inner wall for stating bracket is fixedly connected, and one end of the support film is fixedly connected with an open end of the bracket, the other end
Towards the axially extending of the bracket.
6. a kind of preparation method of generator, which comprises the steps of:
Electret layer is formed on electrode layer, and to the negatively charged processing of the electret layer, obtains generator unit；
Form frictional layer in support film, obtain friction element, wherein the material of the frictional layer be selected from nickel, aluminium, gold, silver,
One of copper and indium tin oxide；
Bracket is provided, one end interval of the generator unit and the support film is fixed on the bracket, makes described rub
It wipes layer to be oppositely arranged with the electret layer, and the frictional layer is electrically connected with the electrode layer by conducting wire, so that friction
Layer is capable of forming capacitor with electrode layer, wherein the frictional layer and the electret layer are accessible, and the support film is far from institute
The one end for stating bracket can wave under the action of the forces of the wind, and the frictional layer can wave with the support film and make the frictional layer
The distance between described electrode layer changes, and contacts the frictional layer with the electret layer.
7. the preparation method of generator according to claim 6, which is characterized in that described in being formed in the support film
The method of frictional layer is magnetron sputtering or vapor deposition.
8. a kind of generating set, which is characterized in that including bracket, the first generator unit, the second generator unit and friction element, institute
It states the first generator unit, second generator unit and the friction element to be both secured on the bracket, first power generation
Unit and second generator unit are arranged with the friction element interval, and the friction element is located at first power generation
Between unit and second generator unit, in which:
First generator unit includes first electrode layer and the first electret layer, and first electret layer is laminated in described
On one electrode layer, first electret layer is thus negatively charged processing；
Second generator unit includes the second electrode lay and the second electret layer, and second electret layer is laminated in described
On two electrode layers, second electret layer is thus negatively charged processing；
The friction element includes support film, the first frictional layer and the second frictional layer, one end of the support film with it is described
Bracket is fixedly connected, and the other end of the support film can wave under the action of the forces of the wind, first frictional layer and described
Two frictional layers are respectively laminated on opposite two surface of the support film, first frictional layer and the second frictional layer
Material is conductive material, and conductive material is selected from one of nickel, aluminium, gold, silver, copper and indium tin oxide, first friction
Layer is electrically connected with the first electrode layer by conducting wire, so that the first frictional layer and first electrode layer are capable of forming capacitor, it is described
First frictional layer is oppositely arranged with first electret layer, and first frictional layer can connect with first electret layer
Touching, second frictional layer are electrically connected with the second electrode lay by conducting wire, so that the second frictional layer and the second electrode lay energy
Capacitor is enough formed, second frictional layer is oppositely arranged with second electret layer, and second frictional layer and described the
Two electret layers are accessible；Wherein, first frictional layer and second frictional layer can wave with the support film and be made
Between first frictional layer and the first electrode layer between distance and second frictional layer and the second electrode lay
Distance changes, and contacts first frictional layer with first electret layer, second frictional layer and described second
Electret layer contact.
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| CN106887894A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-06-23 | 深圳市鹏星光电科技有限公司 | A kind of wireless sensor node system and wireless sensor network |
| CN108539837B (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2020-02-14 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Wearable graphene type electret self-generating and super-capacitor integrated woven cloth |
| CN111404417A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-07-10 | 东华大学 | Dielectric layer enhanced friction nano generator |
| CN111413569B (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2022-07-29 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | Discharge testing device based on electret generator and testing method thereof |
| EP4138150A4 (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2024-03-27 | Hefei Midea Refrigerator Co | Electret membrane, preparation method, refrigerator body assembly and refrigeration apparatus |
| CN112962557B (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2022-06-10 | 深圳大学 | Double corrosion prevention method for marine structure |
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| CN104124887B (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2016-04-06 | 纳米新能源（唐山）有限责任公司 | Wind-driven generator |
| CN104868777B (en) * | 2014-02-20 | 2019-12-06 | 北京纳米能源与***研究所 | friction nanometer generator, generator set and power generation method |
| CN105071684B (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2017-10-03 | 北京微能高芯科技有限公司 | A kind of miniature electrostatic generator |
| CN105099259A (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2015-11-25 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Friction power generating device and manufacturing method thereof |
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