CN106018044B - Concrete direct tensile test test specimen, specimen molding mold and complexes - Google Patents
Concrete direct tensile test test specimen, specimen molding mold and complexes Download PDFInfo
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- CN106018044B CN106018044B CN201610659029.XA CN201610659029A CN106018044B CN 106018044 B CN106018044 B CN 106018044B CN 201610659029 A CN201610659029 A CN 201610659029A CN 106018044 B CN106018044 B CN 106018044B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of concrete direct tensile test test specimen, specimen molding mold and complexes, including concrete direct tensile test test specimen, concrete direct tensile test specimen molding mold and concrete direct tensile test complexes；Concrete direct tensile test test specimen is square section equal thickness dumbbell shape tensile test piece；Concrete direct tensile test specimen molding mold includes side form frame and bottom plate, and side form frame is docked by two groups of chains conjunction side plates and formed；Concrete direct tensile test complexes include loading frame, load maintainer, test specimen tensioning clamping fixture, test piece deformation test fixture and data collecting system.The present invention has the advantages that reasonable design, simple in structure, environment-friendly high-efficiency and accurate testing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to engineering detecting experimental technique field, more particularly to a kind of concrete direct tensile test test specimen,
Specimen molding mold and complexes.
Background technology
Concrete direct tensile test is accurate acquisition concrete tensile strength, limit stretch value and tensile modulus of elasticity
Etc. a series of important technical of tension parameters, for the Concrete Structure Design, theory analysis and performance evaluation provide it is important according to
According to.But current concrete direct tensile test there is no ideal test method and the device, concrete in uniaxial tensile strength to be mostly
By Indirect Tensile Tests or by being obtained with the empirical formulas of compression strength.Concrete Indirect Tensile Tests method（Such as
Tensile splitting strength and bending tensile strength）Although relatively simple, strictly speaking they are not the true of Analysis of Concrete Tensile intensity
Real reflection.With regard to the relationship between concrete tensile strength and compression strength, although researcher has proposed various empirical equations,
The problem of generally existing correlation difference in practical applications.When carrying out concrete direct tensile test, rational test specimen pattern
The key of success of the test is to ensure that with stretching mode, for a long time, domestic and international scientific research personnel once developed a variety of test specimen patterns and
Corresponding stretching mode, test specimen longitudinal direction configuration can be summarized as column type and dumbbell shape, test specimen cross sectional configuration have it is round and rectangular,
Middle cylindricality test piece end is divided into as partial enlargement and whole two kinds of amplification.Stretching mode can be summarized as three kinds：1. by test specimen
Both ends fastener inserts carry out the interior of tensioning and bury type（End perforation can be used as the interior special shape for burying type）；2. being pressed from both sides by outer clamp
It holds test specimen two ends and the outer clip-type that frictional force carries out test specimen tensioning is provided；3. carrying out tensioning by binding material bonding testing piece both ends
Binding type.Ideal concrete direct tensile test must assure that the stress generated on test specimen cross section is uniformly distributed, completely
Stress gradient is eliminated, while should also meet accurate, efficient, environmentally friendly, reproducible etc. requirement.But it is existing from both at home and abroad at present
Some situations see, there is no a kind of test specimen pattern that can fully meet these requirements and stretching mode（Device）.
Type stretching mode is buried for interior, not only the making of test specimen is excessively cumbersome, but also this heterogeneous for concrete
Material, it is ensured that test specimen geometric center and physical centre strict conformance are very difficult.Therefore, even if test specimen makes good, examination
Testing success rate, there is also uncertainties.
For end perforation type stretching mode, in addition to test specimen makes and difficulty is clamped, if test specimen cannot be guaranteed when making
The reasonable Arrangement in hole, then the accuracy of its test result is just difficult to ensure.Moreover, two drawings in loading process of this test specimen
Stress concentration will be generated at hole, it is easy to cause circular hole to deform, cause unbalance loading, it is difficult to fall on predetermined destruction section to make the plane of disruption.
It is high-strength when testing since frictional force and test specimen compression strength have no directly related property for friction-type stretching mode
When concrete sample, it may can not guarantee that test specimen is destroyed due to frictional force deficiency, or to ensure that enough frictional force designs are long
Test specimen bring inconvenience again.
For binding type stretching mode, operation sequence is excessively complicated, is to need to make and the mating stickup of test specimen first
Plate, when test work load is larger, the quantity of pasting boards is also very big.The binder followed by smeared easily pollutes environment,
Volatilization gas can also cause damages to the health of operating personnel, after the test, when recycling pasting boards, remove high-strength resin glue
Also it is extremely not easy.In short, this method waste of manpower and material resources, efficiency is too low and not environmentally.
Existing Eight-character-shaped concrete high-point elongation test clamper（Notification number CN201203556）Include mainly pedestal, clamping
Beam is hinged in the circular hole on pedestal substrate, and two supporting plates are connected to the trapezoidal plate of pedestal both sides by supporting plate positioning pin respectively
On.The Eight-character-shaped concrete high-point elongation test clamper that the invention provides can be clamped in the jaw of testing machine, eight words of test specimen
Type end can extend into the trapezoidal plate of pedestal both sides the connection for realizing fixture and testing machine.Although the fixture that the invention is provided can
To splayed configuration concrete sample carry out clamping and tension test, but practice have shown that experiment success rate it is very low, i.e. the fracture of test specimen
Nearly all at variable cross-section, it is difficult to be happened within predetermined destruction section, obtained experimental result just fails to reflect that concrete breaks at random
The intrinsic propesties split.Since rational scheme cannot be provided in test specimen pattern and the design method of test specimen tensioning clamping fixture,
The stress concentration being just difficult to avoid that at test specimen variable cross-section, you can't get more valuable test results, therefore, it is necessary to develop
Go out a kind of reasonable for structure, simple operation and can accurately test the test specimen pattern and complexes of concrete uniaxial direct tensile performance, and
Convenient for carrying out direct tensile test on ordinary test machine.
Invention content
The present invention is to solve shortcoming in the prior art, provide a kind of reasonable design, simple in structure, environment-friendly high-efficiency,
Concrete direct tensile test test specimen, specimen molding mold and the complexes of accurate testing, including the examination of concrete uniaxial direct tensile
Test test specimen, concrete direct tensile test specimen molding mold and concrete direct tensile test complexes.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
Concrete direct tensile test test specimen, the test specimen be square section equal thickness dumbbell shape tensile test piece, by up to
Under be followed successively by strong section, upper loaded segment, upper power transmission section, test section, lower power transmission section, lower loaded segment and under strong section, test section
It is as predetermined to destroy section；Each section of cross section is square, and section thickness is equal, and cross-sectional width is upward by predetermined destruction section
The strong section of strong section of gradually increase under；Upper loaded segment and lower loaded segment side are disposed as longitudinal at no more than 45 degree with test specimen
Inclined-plane, upper power transmission section two sides are set as cambered surface, and two end grain of cambered surface is upper loaded segment and the predetermined side for destroying section,
Upper power transmission section two sides and the linkage interface of upper loaded segment and the predetermined side for destroying section seamlessly transit, and lower power transmission section two sides are set
It is set to cambered surface, and two end grain of cambered surface is lower loaded segment and the predetermined side for destroying section, lower power transmission section two sides and lower load
The linkage interface of section and the predetermined side for destroying section seamlessly transits.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide concrete direct tensile test specimen molding mold, the cavities of the test piece mould
Corresponding with the test specimen, the specimen molding mold includes side form frame and bottom plate；Side form frame closes side plate by two groups of chains
Docking is formed, and every group of chain closes side plate and be articulated and connected by horizontal side plate and longitudinal side plate, and every group of chain closes pair of the longitudinal side plate of side plate
It answers and is both provided with limiting slot at position, one group of chain closes the end of the horizontal side plate of side plate and is inserted into another group of chain and closes side plate longitudinal side plate when docking
In the limiting slot of end set；
The horizontal side end outer side center that every group of chain closes side plate is provided with side plate rotating shaft screw bolt, and lock is arranged in side plate rotating shaft screw bolt
Tight nut, every group of chain closes the vertical side end of side plate and the rotating shaft screw bolt corresponding position is provided with side plate bolt card slot, and two
Group chain closes side plate and is fastenedly connected by two sets of side plate bolt card slots, side plate rotating shaft screw bolt and locking nut, one group when docking
The side plate rotating shaft screw bolt that chain closes the horizontal side plate of side plate is caught in the side plate bolt card slot that another group of chain closes side plate longitudinal side plate；
The surrounding side center of bottom plate is both provided with bottom plate rotating shaft screw bolt outward, and locking nut is arranged in bottom plate rotating shaft screw bolt,
Bottom plate rotating shaft screw bolt corresponding position is provided with bed bolt card slot on the every block of horizontal side plate and longitudinal side plate of side form frame, it is described
Bed bolt card slot bottom plate is connected into the specimen molding being integral with side form frame with the bottom plate rotating shaft screw bolt that bottom plate is arranged
Mold, the bottom plate rotating shaft screw bolt of bottom plate is caught in the bed bolt card slot of side form frame when connection.
The configuration that every group of chain closes the longitudinal side plate of side plate is consistent with the longitudinal side of the test specimen；It is arranged on the bottom plate
There are step, step shape corresponding with the longitudinal cross-section of the test specimen.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide concrete direct tensile test complexes, the complexes include and institute
The matched test specimen tensioning clamping fixture of test specimen is stated, the test specimen tensioning clamping fixture includes connecting plate, limb plate, clamping beam, flexural pivot
Head and T-type snap-gauge；
The front and back side of the connecting plate inner end is fixedly connected with the limb plate for having down Y-shaped, and each limb plate controls downwards two
Side separates two limb arms, and limb arm end is both provided with round sets of holes, and the left side two of front and back side limb plate corresponds to two pairs of limb arm and right side
It answers and is both provided with clamping beam between limb arm, the shaft that clamping beam is arranged by both ends is limited corresponds to the two of limb arm in front and back side limb plate
In a circle sets of holes, clamping beam is rotatablely connected by shaft and round sets of holes；Flexural pivot nest is provided among clamping beam, in flexural pivot nest
Flexural pivot head is set, flexural pivot head and T-type snap-gauge are fixedly connected as entirety by fore-set, the clamping face of two T-type snap-gauges of left and right with it is described
The two sides fitting of the upper loaded segment or lower loaded segment of test specimen.
Concrete direct tensile test complexes further include test piece deformation test fixture, the test piece deformation test fixture
Including upper frame and lower frame, upper frame and lower frame include the fixed structure being made of forelimb, left limb and hind leg and by the right side
The rear end articulated connection of the movable structure of limb composition, the hind leg right end of fixed structure and right limb, the forelimb right end of fixed structure and
Right limb front end is connected by lock pin, and the lock pin is arranged in the limiting slot of right limb front end, and the front-rear side walls of limiting slot are provided with
The sliding guide hole of lock pin position is limited, is provided with handle among lock pin, the lock pin bar between handle and limiting slot rear wall
On be set with resetting spring, the side of forelimb right part towards the lock pin is provided with latch channels corresponding with lock pin, lock
The right limb of movable structure is the structural framing integral with fixed structure group after pin indentation slot；The left limb medial surface arrangement is set
At least two addendum cones are equipped with, right limb medial surface is provided centrally with specimen holder screw, and specimen holder screw passes through right limb and its to push up
It is directed toward left side in end；
Upper frame and lower frame by two addendum cones and a specimen holder screw clamping the test specimen test section
Place；
The upper left limb of frame and right limb downside have been fixedly connected with gauge length column, and gauge length column lateral wall is both provided with front band,
The left limb and right limb of lower frame are respectively arranged with lower catch hoop, front band and lower catch hoop structure with the clip corresponding position on gauge length column
At deformation-sensor fixture.
Concrete direct tensile test complexes further include loading frame and load maintainer, the loading frame include by
Left column that left-to-right is sequentially arranged, center pillar and right column and the girder, guide beam and the pedestal that are from top to bottom sequentially arranged, Zuo Zhu, in
Column and right column are consolidated on pedestal, and guide beam is consolidated on left column and center pillar, and girder is consolidated on left column, center pillar and right column, main
Corresponding guide rod slide-and-guide sets of holes up and down have been arranged in vertical on the left of beam and guide beam；Along Vertical Square on the right side of girder
To being provided with pull rod slide-and-guide sets of holes；Center pillar is provided with lever square hole at the cylinder center between girder and guide beam；
The load maintainer includes load guide rod, lever, shaft, turntable handle, load nut and pull rod, and load guide rod is logical
It crosses the guide rod slide-and-guide sets of holes to be slidably connected with loading frame formation, load guide rod top setting carrying cap, lever difference
It is articulated and connected by shaft and load guide rod, center pillar and pull rod, the connecting hole of lever and load guide rod, lever and pull rod is length
The connecting hole of circular hole, lever and center pillar is circular hole, is articulated and connected by pivot pin and lever in the middle part of pull rod, pull rod upper end passes through described
Pull rod slide-and-guide sets of holes are simultaneously slidably connected with girder, and the upper part that pull rod stretches out girder sliding guide hole is provided with external screw thread,
It is arranged at the externally threaded body of rod and is arranged with load nut；
A set of test specimen tensioning clamping fixture is respectively set at the upper loaded segment of the test specimen and lower load fragment position, it is upper to add
The test specimen tensioning clamping fixture at section and the test specimen tensioning clamping fixture setting symmetrical above and below at lower loaded segment are carried, often
The outer end of the connecting plate of set test specimen tensioning clamping fixture, which corresponds at the test specimen centre pull axis, is both provided with hemispherical ball
It reams, flexural pivot connector is set in hemispherical flexural pivot hole, the test specimen tensioning clamping fixture at upper loaded segment passes through corresponding flexural pivot
Connector is connect with pull rod, and the test specimen tensioning clamping fixture at lower loaded segment passes through corresponding flexural pivot connector and load transducer
Connection.
Concrete direct tensile test complexes further include data collecting system, and the data collecting system includes load
Sensor, deformation-sensor, controller, computer, two deformation-sensors are clamped on corresponding deformation-sensor fixture, lotus
The upper end of set sensor is connected by corresponding flexural pivot connector with corresponding test specimen tensioning clamping fixture, under load transducer
End is connect with the pedestal, and load transducer and deformation-sensor are connect by data cable with controller respectively, and controller is logical
Data cable is crossed to connect with computer.
It is provided with buffer layer on the clamping face of the T-type snap-gauge；
The outer edge of the T-type snap-gauge is provided with postive stop baffle, the folder that the postive stop baffle is formed with T-type snap-gauge clamping face
Angle is equal with the corner of test specimen corresponding position；
It is provided with trip bolt on the deformation-sensor clip；
The lock pin and sliding guide hole cross section be it is rectangular, the slot also be it is rectangular, the tapered end of the lock pin
Longitudinal medial face is cambered surface；
It is fixedly connected with turntable handle outside load nut, loads and is provided with bearing between nut and the sliding guide hole of girder；
Upper place's fixing sleeve is equipped with disk in the middle part of pull rod, and buffer unit is located on lever between girder and disk
At position；
The buffer unit is spring or damper；
The pedestal and load transducer lower end corresponding position are also equipped with hemispherical flexural pivot hole, in hemispherical flexural pivot hole
Flexural pivot connector is set, and the lower end of load transducer is connect by corresponding flexural pivot head connector with the pedestal.
The deformation-sensor is differential transformer type displacement meter, and the front band on the gauge length column is fixed differential transformation
The main body of device formula displacement meter, corresponding lower catch hoop fix top plate, and the ball of differential transformer type displacement meter test lead withstands on top plate
On, differential transformer type displacement meter makes ball and top plate contact always by the elastic element of itself in test process, by upper
The relative displacement that frame and lower frame transmit obtains the predetermined deflection for destroying section of test specimen.
The deformation-sensor is strain ga(u)ge formula extensometer, and the front band and lower frame correspondence on the gauge length column are set
The lower catch hoop set respectively is fixed with gag lever post symmetrical above and below, and gag lever post inner end side is both provided with draws for limiting
The blade card slot of meter blade edge position is stretched, two blades of strain ga(u)ge formula extensometer are respectively engaged in corresponding blade card slot,
Each gag lever post other side corresponding with blade card slot is both provided with anti-slip tank, the two of strain ga(u)ge formula extensometer in test process
Blade is fixed on gag lever post always, and the relative displacement transmitted by upper frame and lower frame obtains the predetermined change for destroying section of test specimen
Shape amount.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
（1）Difficulty when pouring making concrete sample can be reduced using square section equal thickness dumbbell shape test specimen pattern, saved
Human-saving material resources.Tensile stress is from loaded segment to test section when the cambered surface design of test specimen power transmission section two sides can guarantee tensioning（It is predetermined
Destroy section）Uniformly transfer, avoid the generation of stress concentration at variable cross-section, rational test section design ensures the energy of rupture of test specimen
The essence of true reflection concrete random fracture.
（2）Specimen molding mold not only can ensure that the configuration and dimensional accuracy of test specimen, but also convenient for disassembly and assembly, working efficiency
It is high.
（3）The design of loading frame and load maintainer can will be converted to the load that pulls to of test specimen and press to load, be convenient for
It is tested on usual pressure testing machine, the device of the invention is made to have more applicability.
（4）The setting of turntable handle is not only convenient for the installation of test specimen, also allows for realizing manual loading.
（5）The flexural pivot head of the flexural pivot nest and T-type snap-gauge at clamping beam center constitutes a kind of adaptive in test specimen tensioning clamping fixture
Spherical hinge structure is answered, it can be achieved that reasonable clamping and tensioning to test specimen, eliminates the moment of flexure and torque of test specimen tensioning end, make predetermined broken
Tensile stress in bad section is evenly distributed, and the success rate of guarantee test can really reflect concrete fracture destructive characteristics to obtain
Test parameters.
（6）Deformation test fixture is suitable for the clamping to a variety of portable deformation sensors, makes testing efficiency height, cost
It is low.
（7）The concrete direct tensile test complexes and test method of the present invention are applicable not only to cement concrete examination
The direct tensile test of part is also applied for cement mortar and the direct tensile test of other fragile materials.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of concrete direct tensile test test specimen；
Fig. 2 is the installation diagram of concrete direct tensile test specimen molding mold；
Fig. 3 is the front view of concrete direct tensile test specimen molding mold bottom plate；
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of concrete direct tensile test specimen molding mold bottom plate；
Fig. 5 is the front view that chain closes side plate in concrete direct tensile test specimen molding mold；
Fig. 6 is the vertical view that chain closes side plate in concrete direct tensile test specimen molding mold；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of loading frame and load maintainer in concrete direct tensile test complexes；
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of test specimen tensioning clamping fixture in concrete direct tensile test complexes；
Fig. 9 is the front view of test specimen deformation test fixture in concrete direct tensile test complexes in embodiment 1；
Figure 10 is the vertical view of test specimen deformation test fixture in concrete direct tensile test complexes in embodiment 1；
Figure 11 is the left view of test specimen deformation test fixture in concrete direct tensile test complexes in embodiment 1；
Figure 12 is the front view of test specimen deformation test fixture in concrete direct tensile test complexes in embodiment 2；
Figure 13 is the vertical view of test specimen deformation test fixture in concrete direct tensile test complexes in embodiment 2；
Figure 14 is the left view of test specimen deformation test fixture in concrete direct tensile test complexes in embodiment 2.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1：
It elaborates to the specific implementation mode of the present invention below in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Figure 11, concrete of the invention is direct
Tension test test specimen, specimen molding mold and complexes, including concrete direct tensile test test specimen, concrete uniaxial direct tensile
Test specimen molding mold and concrete direct tensile test complexes.
Concrete direct tensile test test specimen is square section equal thickness dumbbell shape tensile test piece, this non-equal for concrete
The discrete heterogeneous composite material of matter, destructive process is controlled by the defect and crack that internal random is distributed, in simple stress
The rupture failure point of the lower test specimen of effect has uncertainty, to obtain the more valuable information of concrete destruction behavior, it is necessary to make
The destruction of test specimen is happened at predetermined destruction section, at this point, the structural shape of test specimen realizes success the uniaxial direct tensile of concrete
Test most important, it decides the probability of success of the test, the accuracy of result, testing efficiency, economy, also determines use
Corresponding specimen molding mold and stretching mode, to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of square section equal thickness dumbbell shape
Tensioning test specimen（Such as Fig. 1）.
As shown in Figure 1, square section equal thickness dumbbell shape tensile test piece can be divided into four characteristic segments：Strong section of A1（By the side Fig. 1
Position in top strong section of A1 be upper strong section, strong section in lower part be under strong section）, loaded segment A2（By the orientation Fig. 1
Loaded segment A2 in top is upper loaded segment, the loaded segment A2 in lower part is lower loaded segment）, power transmission section A3（By the orientation Fig. 1
Power transmission section A3 in top is upper power transmission section, the power transmission section A3 in lower part is lower power transmission section）And test section（It is predetermined to destroy
Section）A4.Test section（It is predetermined to destroy section）The length of A4 is L, and the length of power transmission section A3 is 0.43L, the length of loaded segment A2 is
0.43L, strong section of A1 length be 0.75L.Each section of cross section is square, and thickness is equal to the length L of test section A4, section
Width is gradually increased to the 2L of strong section of A1 by the L of test section A4.Strong section of A1 designs sufficiently longitudinally length, it can be ensured that internal force
Uniformly transfer, avoid end from not detecting valid data because cleavage fracture occurs to early.Loaded segment A2 lateral layouts be and examination
Part longitudinal direction not only facilitates to test specimen tensioning, but also be easy to make the internal force of the strong section of end A1 at 45 degree of inclined-plane（Compression and drawing
Stress）Reach balanced, it is unlikely because of long waste material, or there is premature degradation phenomenon because too short.It designs the two sides power transmission section A3
The cambered surface for being R=0.6L for radius, two end grain of cambered surface are the side of loaded segment A2 and test section A4, and interfaces transition is smooth, this
Kind configuration can guarantee tensile stress uniformly transferring from loaded segment A2 to test section A4, avoid the stress concentration at variable cross-section.Test
Section A4 is the part of cross section minimum, and the tensile stress that inside generates when tensioning is maximum, to make the section have maximum destroy generally
Rate.Length, the width and thickness of the test section A4 is equal, and specific size will also be according to raw material（Such as aggregate
Maximum particle diameter）Determine, with can react concrete random fracture essence and test test specimen fracture process in deformation
Parameter is advisable.
Based on the concrete direct tensile test test specimen of the present invention, concrete direct tensile test specimen molding of the invention
Mold（Such as Fig. 2 to Fig. 6）, including two pieces of horizontal side plate B1, two pieces of longitudinal side plate B3 and one piece of bottom plate B7, wherein by one block of horizontal side plate
B1 and one piece of longitudinal side plate B3 closes side plate by pivot pin B2 connections into one group of chain, closes side plate to form two groups of chains, two groups of chains close
Side plate docks to form side form frame, and the end that one group of chain closes the horizontal side plate B1 of side plate can be inserted into another group of chain and close the side plate longitudinal side ends plate B3
In the limiting slot B8 of portion's setting, the ends the horizontal side plate B1 outer side center that every group of chain closes side plate is provided with T-type side plate rotating shaft screw bolt B9,
Wing nut is arranged in T-type rotating shaft screw bolt B9, and another group of chain closes the longitudinal side ends plate B3 and the T-type rotating shaft screw bolt B9 corresponding positions of side plate
Place is provided with U-shaped side plate bolt card slot B10, and two groups of chains close side plate and pass through two sets of T-type side plate rotating shaft screw bolt B9 and wing nut
Fastening connection is carried out, the surrounding side center of rectangle bottom plate B7 is both provided with a set of T-type bottom plate rotating shaft screw bolt B5 and butterfly outward
The corresponding position of shape nut, every block of side plate is provided with U-shaped bottom crab bolt card slot B6, the bed bolt card slot B6 and bottom plate
Bottom plate B7 and chain are closed side plate and couple the specimen molding mold being integral by the T-type bottom plate rotating shaft screw bolt B5 of B7 settings.
The configuration of the longitudinal side plate B3 is consistent with the longitudinal side of tensioning test specimen 7, including strong section of A1, loaded segment A2, biography
Power section A3 and test section（It is predetermined to destroy section）The lateral wall of A4, longitudinal side plate B3 are provided with groove B4, not only mitigate weight, also may be used
As handle when carrying.
A step B11 is arranged according to the longitudinal cross-section size of test specimen 7 in the centers the bottom plate B7, side plate can be prevented along bottom plate
B7 slides, and dimensional discrepancy is generated when avoiding pouring test specimen 7.
Based on the concrete direct tensile test test specimen of the present invention, concrete direct tensile test complexes of the invention
Including loading frame, load maintainer, test specimen tensioning clamping fixture, test piece deformation test fixture and data collecting system etc..This hair
Bright concrete direct tensile test complexes simple operation, environment-friendly high-efficiency, precision are high, at low cost, and suitable for various plus
Carrier strip part.
Loading frame, which plays the role of stablizing the offers such as load maintainer and test specimen tensioning clamping fixture, to be supported；Load maintainer
Can be pulling force by pressure conversion, convenient for using the present apparatus on usual pressure testing machine；Test specimen tensioning clamping fixture 17 can be complete
The moment of flexure and torque of 7 end of test specimen are eliminated, success of the test rate is improved；Deformation-sensor fixture 19 is convenient for passing using conventional deformation
Sensor 18 obtains the deformation values of test specimen 7；Using data collecting system can conveniently obtain cement mortar/concrete in tensile load
Bursting stress-strain full curve under effect.
As shown in fig. 7, the loading frame includes left column 8, center pillar 9, right column 15, girder 2, guide beam 5 and pedestal 10.It is left
Column 8, center pillar 9 and right column 15 are consolidated on pedestal 10, and guide beam 5 is consolidated on left column 8 and center pillar 9, girder 2 be consolidated in left column 8,
On center pillar 9 and right column 15, whole frame structure is constituted.Girder 2 and 5 left end vertical direction corresponding position of guide beam respectively arrange one
The sets of holes of a sliding and guiding role place load guide rod 6；2 right end vertical direction of girder arranges that passes through a pull rod 14
Slide-and-guide sets of holes；The side that setting one is passed through and rotated for lever 3 at 9 central upper portion of center pillar between girder 2 and guide beam 5
Hole.
As shown in fig. 7, load maintainer includes load guide rod 6, lever 3, spring（Or damper）13, shaft 4, turntable handle
11, nut 12, pull rod 14 and test specimen tensioning clamping fixture 17 etc. are loaded.Guide rod 6 is loaded to pass through on girder 2 and guide beam 5 vertically
The slide-and-guide sets of holes of direction setting are slidably connected with loading frame formation, 6 top of load guide rod setting carrying cap 1, convenient for applying
It pressurizes to load, load can be passed to pull rod 14 by load guide rod 6 along the movement of pilot hole by lever 3.Lever 3 passes through respectively
Shaft 4 is connected with load guide rod 6, center pillar 9 and pull rod 14, and lever 3 and load guide rod 6, lever 3 and the connection holes of pull rod 14 are equal
For slotted hole, load guide rod 6 and pull rod 14 is set to generate lateral moment of flexure when being rotated to avoid lever 3, and be conducive to load at the uniform velocity
It transmits；The connection holes of lever 3 and center pillar 8 are circular hole, and circular hole can make the stability of lever holding in vertical plane.In pull rod 14
Portion carries out axis by pivot pin and lever 3 and couples, and 14 upper end of pull rod is by being set to sliding guide hole and the master of vertical direction on girder 2
Beam 2 is slidably connected, and the upper part that pull rod 14 stretches out the sliding guide hole of girder 2 is provided with external screw thread, is arranged on externally threaded
End sleeve is equipped with load nut 12, and load nut 12 is fixedly connected as entirety with turntable handle 11, and the rotation of turntable handle 11 can
Drive load nut 12 along 14 relative motion of pull rod, due to loading nut 12 and turntable handle 11 with respect to loading frame in Vertical Square
It is static upwards, thus, the rotation of the horizontal direction of turntable handle 11 translates into the movement of 14 vertical direction of pull rod.Institute
It states and is provided with bearing between load nut 12 and the sliding guide hole of girder 2, to reduce cunning when load nut 12 is rotated relative to girder 2
Kinetic frictional resistances.
14 middle part of pull rod is upper to be provided with a disk, can be by spring（Or damper）13 be limited in girder 2 and disk it
Between.When load, load passes to pull rod 14 by loading guide rod 6 by lever 3, and pull rod 14 is movable in a vertical direction, and passes through pivot pin
It drives test specimen tensioning clamping fixture 17 to make 7 stress of test specimen with flexural pivot connector 16, while making spring（Or damper）13 are pressed
Contracting, spring（Or damper）13 setting can facilitate the clipping operation to test specimen 7, when adjustable test piece 7 is broken to a certain extent
The energy release rate of loading frame and load maintainer.A set of test specimen tensioning clamping fixture 17 is respectively arranged in two stretching ends of test specimen 7,
Often set test specimen tensioning clamping fixture 17, which corresponds at 7 centre pull axis of test specimen, is respectively provided with hemispherical flexural pivot hole, and flexural pivot is set in hole
The test specimen tensioning clamping fixture 17 of Place hinge fitting 16, upper end is coupled by flexural pivot connector 16 with pull rod 14, the examination of lower end
Part tensioning clamping fixture 17 is coupled by flexural pivot connector 16 with load transducer 18.
The loading surface of the carrying cap 1 is spherical surface, and the stress of load guide rod 6 can be made more reasonable, reduce force of sliding friction.
The brachium of 3 master arm of the lever is more than the brachium of slave arm.
As shown in figure 8, the test specimen tensioning clamping fixture 17 is mainly by connecting plate C1, limb plate C2, clamping beam C6, flexural pivot head
The compositions such as C5, T-type snap-gauge C4 and rubber slab C3.The rear and front ends the connecting plate C1 are fixedly connected with down the limb plate C2 of Y-shaped, limb plate
The left and right sides separates two limb arms to C2 downwards, and limb arm end set has round sets of holes, the shaft that clamping beam C6 is arranged by both ends
C8 is limited in two of front and back limb plate C2 limb arms round sets of holes, and can C8 is freely rotated around the shaft in round sets of holes.Clamping
Flexural pivot nest is provided among beam C6, setting flexural pivot head C5, flexural pivot head C5 and T-type snap-gauge C4 fixes company by fore-set C7 in flexural pivot nest
It is connected in entirety, rubber slab C3 is provided on the loading surface of T-type snap-gauge C4, rubber slab C3 can make the clamping of test specimen and T-type snap-gauge C4
Face paste is closed closely, and the load assignment of test specimen loaded segment A2 is made to be more uniformly distributed；The outer edge of T-type snap-gauge C4 is provided with postive stop baffle,
The postive stop baffle and the T-type snap-gauge C4 clamping faces angle formed are equal with the corner of test specimen corresponding position, make T-type snap-gauge C4 and examination
Part contact position can preferably coincide；Clamping beam C6 drives T-type snap-gauge C4, and the unitary rotation of C8 is convenient for test specimen 7 extending into around the shaft
In the test specimen tensioning clamping fixture 17 of the present invention and stepped up, the flexural pivot nest and flexural pivot head C5 at the centers the clamping beam C6 constitute one
The adaptive clamp structure of kind, the structure can make the clamping face of T-type snap-gauge C4 and the loading surface of test specimen keep better collimation, keep away
Exempt from the generation of test piece end torque and moment of flexure.
The sphere center position of the adaptive flexural pivot head C5 is on the axle center of clamping beam C6 rotating shaft Cs 8.
As shown in Figures 9 to 11, the test piece deformation test fixture 19 includes upper frame and lower frame, upper frame and lower frame
Frame includes the fixed structure being made of forelimb D6, left limb D2 and hind leg D13 and the movable structure being made of right limb D7, fixed knot
The rear end of the hind leg D13 right ends of structure and right limb D7 are coupled by pivot pin D8, the forelimb D6 right ends of fixed structure and the front ends right limb D13
Coupled by lock pin D9, the lock pin D9 is arranged in the limiting slot of the front ends right limb D13, and the front-rear side walls setting of limiting slot is limited
The sliding guide hole of the positions lockmaking pin D9 is provided with handle among lock pin D9, the lock pin between handle and limiting slot rear wall
Spring is set on bar, the side of right end towards the lock pin D9 of the forelimb D6 are provided with latch channels D12, and spring can when discharging
The tapered end D11 of the front ends lock pin D9 is pressed into the slot D12.The lock pin D9 and sliding guide hole cross section be it is rectangular,
It is also rectangular that can prevent the rotation of lock pin D9 handles, the slot D12, and the longitudinal medial face of tapered end D11 is cambered surface, is convenient for it
It in indentation slot D12 and is locked, the right limb D7 of movable structure is integral with fixed structure group after lock pin D9 indentation slots D12
Structural framing.Respectively one addendum cone D1 of setting, right limb D7 medial surfaces are provided centrally with examination for the left limb D2 medial surfaces center both sides
Thumbscrew D10 is clamped in part, and upper and lower frames is securely clamped in by two addendum cone D1 and a thumbscrew D10 tested respectively
On test specimen 7.The left limb D2 of upper frame and the downsides right limb D7 are fixedly connected with gauge length column D3, are set in the middle part of gauge length column D3 lateral walls
It is equipped with the clip D5 for deformation-sensor 18 to be clamped, left limb D2 and right limb D7 and the clip on gauge length column D3 of the lower frame
The corresponding positions D5 are also respectively arranged on clip D5, the clip D5 and are provided with butterfly trip bolt D4.
The length of the gauge length column D3 can be according to test specimen size and test section（It is predetermined to destroy section）The specific length of A4 is come true
It is fixed.
The right limb D7 of the upper frame and lower frame movably can be rotated by 90 ° around fixed structure, convenient for trying dumbbell shape tensioning
The test section A4 of part carries out clipping operation.
The deformation-sensor 18 of the present embodiment uses differential transformer type displacement meter（LVDT）Card on 18A, gauge length column D3
Bind round main bodys of the D5 by fixing 18A based on differential transformer type displacement, the left and right clip being arranged on lower frame left limb D2 and right limb D7
For fixing top plate D14, the ball of the differential transformer type displacement meter 18A test leads withstands on top plate D14, was testing D5
Cheng Zhong, differential transformer type displacement meter 18A make ball be contacted with top plate D14 always by the elastic element of itself, to measure
The deflection of 7 loaded segment A4 of test specimen.
As shown in fig. 7, the data collecting system includes deformation-sensor 18, load transducer 20, controller 21, calculates
Machine 22 etc., two deformation-sensors 18 are clamped on deformation-sensor fixture 19, and the upper and lower ends of load transducer 20 are led to respectively
It crosses flexural pivot head connector 16 with test specimen tensioning clamping fixture 17 and pedestal 10 to couple, load transducer 20 and deformation-sensor 18 divide
It is not connect with controller 21 by data cable, controller 21 is connect by data cable with computer 22.Control in the present invention
Device 21 processed includes amplifier, A/D converter, microprocessor（CPU）, memory, communication interface circuit etc., be the prior art,
It repeats no more.
The test method of the concrete direct tensile test complexes of the present invention：
First experimental rig is placed on the compression cushion cap of pressure testing machine, makes the carrying cap 1 and pressure of 6 upper end of load guide rod
A set of test specimen tensioning clamping fixture 17 is linked to pull rod 14 by the upper platen vertical centering of testing machine by flexural pivot head connector 16
On, another set of test specimen tensioning clamping fixture 17 first passes through flexural pivot head connector 16 and links load transducer 20, load transducer 20
It is linked in the ball-and-socket of pedestal 10 by flexural pivot head connector 16 again, rotates clockwise turntable handle 11, turntable handle 11 drives
It loads nut 12 to screw out pull rod 14 upwards, pull rod 14 drives test specimen tensioning clamping fixture 17 to move up, and makes two sets of examinations up and down
There are the spaces for being easily installed test specimen 7 between part tensioning clamping fixture 17, adjust the adaptive of top test specimen tensioning clamping fixture 17
It answers clamp structure that it is made to clamp test specimen 7, rotates counterclockwise turntable handle 11, pull rod 14 is made to drive the test specimen for being equipped with test specimen 7
Tensioning clamping fixture 17 moves down, until make test specimen 7 can conveniently stretch into lower section test specimen tensioning clamping fixture 17 in until, adjust
Whole adaptive clamp structure makes upper and lower two sets of test specimen tensioning clamping fixtures 17 simultaneously clamp on test specimen 7, by test piece deformation test fixture
19 are clamped in the test section A4 of test specimen 7, and deformation-sensor 18 is fixed on the test piece deformation test fixture 19, adjust top plate
The position of D14 makes deformation-sensor 18 be in suitable range, respectively by deformation-sensor 18 and load transducer 20 and number
It is connected according to acquisition system, opens data acquisition software, confirmed and rotate clockwise turntable handle 11 after data collecting system is normal, make
Upper and lower two sets of test specimen tensioning clamping fixture 17 can just clamp test specimen 7, and load signal is made to be shown as zero.Hereafter, it can open simultaneously
Dynamic pressure force tester and data acquisition system are tested.
Embodiment 2：
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 8 and Figure 12 to 14.Embodiment 2 and embodiment 1 concrete direct tensile test test specimen and its at
Pattern has, and all same in terms of the concrete direct tensile test complexes being adapted with test specimen structural shape, embodiment 2
Being different from the technical characteristic of embodiment 1 is, deformation-sensor uses strain ga(u)ge formula extensometer 18B, upper frame gauge length column D3
On the clip D5 that is correspondingly arranged of clip D5 and lower frame be used to fixed gag lever post D15, the ends gag lever post D15 side is set
It is equipped with the blade card slot D16 for limiting extensometer blade edge position, the corresponding other side is provided with that prevent clamping object from falling off anti-skidding
Slot D17, the clamping object can be rubber band or spring, and during the test, the blade of strain ga(u)ge formula extensometer 18B is always
It is fixed on gag lever post D15, and the predetermined change for destroying section of test specimen is obtained by the relative displacement that upper frame and lower frame transmit
Shape amount.
Embodiment 3：
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 8.Under conditions of having universal testing machine, directly a set of test specimen tensioning clamping fixture 17 can be led to
The upper jaw that flexural pivot head connector 16 links testing machine is crossed, another set of test specimen tensioning clamping fixture 17 first passes through flexural pivot head connector
16 link load transducers 20, load transducer 20 link the lower jaw of testing machine, adjustment ten thousand by flexural pivot head connector 16 again
The position of energy testing machine crossbeam makes test specimen 7 be clamped in two sets of test specimen tensioning clamping fixtures 17 up and down and payload values is made to be zero.Even
Load test can be completed by the Auto Loader of universal testing machine by connecting data collecting system, be completed by acquisition system
Data record and post-processing, the data collecting system and are integrated in the test control software of universal testing machine.
Embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 are only used to illustrate and not limit the technical solutions of the present invention, and change test specimen
The concrete specification changes strong section of A1 of test specimen, loaded segment A2, power transmission section the A3 different dimension scales different with test section A4, changes
The connection type and The concrete specification of the loading frame that girder 2, guide beam 5, left column 8, center pillar 9, right column 15 and pedestal 10 are constituted and
Structure changes the connection type for loading the load maintainers of compositions such as guide rod 6, lever 3, pull rod 14, shaft 4 and The concrete specification and knot
Structure, change are made of the C1 that wins in succession, limb plate C2, rubber slab C3, T-type snap-gauge C4, flexural pivot head C5, clamping beam C6, fore-set C7, rotating shaft C 8
Test specimen tensioning clamping fixture 17 connection type and The concrete specification and structure, such as clamping beam C6 is connected with the flexural pivot of fore-set C7
Shaft connection is changed into, changing the position etc. of 3 intermediate rotary shaft 4 of lever can form multiple embodiments, be the common of the present invention
Variation, is not described in detail one by one herein.
Verification experimental verification：
Concrete direct tensile test complexes using the present invention and test method test the anti-of normal concrete
Draw performance.Profile test and result in this example is as follows：
The Portland cement that raw material are 42.5 grades, II grade of flyash, grain size are the limestone gravel of 5-20mm, carefully
It is thick river sand in 3.0, high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid, tap water to spend modulus.The folk prescription match ratio of normal concrete is shown in Table 1.
Test basis national standard《Standard for test methods of mechanical properties of ordinary concrete》As defined in GB/T500081-2002
Method carries out.The predetermined size for destroying section of square section equal thickness dumbbell shape test specimen used is 100mm × 100mm × 100mm, by force
Gu the size of section is length × width x thickness=30mm × 200mm × 100mm.The mixture of workability requirement will be met when test material preparation
Specimen molding mold is poured into, indoor 24 hours form removal numbers is then allowed to stand, is put into after standard curing room conserves 28 days and carries out directly
Tension test, every group of 9 test specimens, test result are shown in Table 2.
The concrete direct tensile test tensile test specimen of the present invention, molding are utilized it can be seen from the test result in table 2
Mold and complexes can conveniently measure normal concrete stress and strain value, and the coefficient of variation of surveyed intensity value is 5.4%, is surveyed
It is higher to try precision.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate and not limit the technical solutions of the present invention, although with reference to above-described embodiment to this hair
It is bright to be described in detail, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that：Still can the present invention be modified or be waited
With replacing, without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, or any substitutions, the power in the present invention should all be covered
In sharp claimed range.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term "center", " longitudinal direction ", "front", "rear", "left", "right",
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "inner", "outside" is orientation based on ... shown in the drawings or position
Relationship is only the present invention and simplified description for ease of description, rather than indicating or imply signified device or element must have
Specific orientation is specific azimuth configuration and operation, thus should not be understood as the limitation to present invention protection content.
Claims (10)
1. concrete direct tensile test test specimen, it is characterised in that：The test specimen is square section equal thickness dumbbell shape tensile test piece,
It is from top to bottom followed successively by strong section, upper loaded segment, upper power transmission section, test section, lower power transmission section, lower loaded segment and under it is strong
Section, test section are predetermined destruction section；Each section of cross section is square, and section thickness is equal, and cross-sectional width is by making a reservation for
Destroy the section strong section of strong section of gradually increase under upwards；Upper loaded segment and lower loaded segment side be disposed as with test specimen it is longitudinal at
Inclined-plane no more than 45 degree, upper power transmission section two sides are set as cambered surface, and two end grain of cambered surface is upper loaded segment and makes a reservation for broken
The side of bad section, upper power transmission section two sides and the linkage interface of upper loaded segment and the predetermined side for destroying section seamlessly transit, and pass down
Power section two sides are set as cambered surface, and two end grain of cambered surface is lower loaded segment and the predetermined side for destroying section, lower power transmission section two
Side and the linkage interface of lower loaded segment and the predetermined side for destroying section seamlessly transit.
2. concrete direct tensile test specimen molding mold, the cavity of the test piece mould and test specimen phase described in claim 1
It is corresponding, it is characterised in that：The specimen molding mold includes side form frame and bottom plate；Side form frame closes side plate docking by two groups of chains
It is formed, every group of chain closes side plate and be articulated and connected by horizontal side plate and longitudinal side plate, and every group of chain closes the correspondence position of the longitudinal side plate of side plate
The place of setting is both provided with limiting slot, and one group of chain closes the end of the horizontal side plate of side plate and is inserted into another group of chain and closes side plate and indulge side end when docking
In the limiting slot of setting；
The horizontal side end outer side center that every group of chain closes side plate is provided with side plate rotating shaft screw bolt, and locking screw is arranged in side plate rotating shaft screw bolt
Mother, every group of chain closes the vertical side end of side plate and the rotating shaft screw bolt corresponding position is provided with side plate bolt card slot, two groups of chains
It closes side plate to be fastenedly connected by two sets side plate bolt card slots, side plate rotating shaft screw bolt and locking nut, one group of chain conjunction when docking
The side plate rotating shaft screw bolt of the horizontal side plate of side plate is caught in the side plate bolt card slot that another group of chain closes side plate longitudinal side plate；
The surrounding side center of bottom plate is both provided with bottom plate rotating shaft screw bolt outward, and locking nut, side form is arranged in bottom plate rotating shaft screw bolt
Bottom plate rotating shaft screw bolt corresponding position is provided with bed bolt card slot, the bottom on the horizontal side plate of every block of frame and longitudinal side plate
Bottom plate is connected the specimen molding mold being integral by crab bolt card slot with the bottom plate rotating shaft screw bolt that bottom plate is arranged with side form frame,
The bottom plate rotating shaft screw bolt of bottom plate is caught in the bed bolt card slot of side form frame when connection.
3. concrete direct tensile test specimen molding mold according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Every group of chain
The configuration for closing the longitudinal side plate of side plate is consistent with the longitudinal side of the test specimen；Be provided with step on the bottom plate, step shape with
The longitudinal cross-section of the test specimen is corresponding.
4. concrete direct tensile test complexes, the complexes include matched with test specimen described in claim 1
Test specimen tensioning clamping fixture, it is characterised in that：The test specimen tensioning clamping fixture include connecting plate, limb plate, clamping beam, flexural pivot head and
T-type snap-gauge；
The front and back side of the connecting plate inner end is fixedly connected with the limb plate for having down Y-shaped, and each limb plate divide downwards by the left and right sides
Go out two limb arms, limb arm end is both provided with round sets of holes, and the left side two of front and back side limb plate corresponds to limb arm and right side two corresponds to limb
Clamping beam is both provided between arm, the shaft limit that clamping beam is arranged by both ends corresponds to two circles of limb arm in front and back side limb plate
In shape sets of holes, clamping beam is rotatablely connected by shaft and round sets of holes；It is provided with flexural pivot nest among clamping beam, is arranged in flexural pivot nest
Flexural pivot head, flexural pivot head are fixedly connected as entirety, the clamping face and the test specimen of two T-type snap-gauges of left and right with T-type snap-gauge by fore-set
Upper loaded segment or lower loaded segment two sides fitting.
5. concrete direct tensile test complexes according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：It further includes that test specimen becomes
Shape test fixture, the test piece deformation test fixture include upper frame and lower frame, upper frame and lower frame include by forelimb,
Left limb and the hind leg fixed structure formed and the movable structure being made of right limb, the rear end of the hind leg right end and right limb of fixed structure
Articulated connection, the forelimb right end of fixed structure are connected with right limb front end by lock pin, and the limit in right limb front end is arranged in the lock pin
In the slot of position, the sliding guide hole of restricted lock pin position is arranged in the front-rear side walls of limiting slot, handle is provided among lock pin, between handle
Resetting spring is set on lock pin bar between hand and limiting slot rear wall, the forelimb right part is arranged towards the side of lock pin
There are a latch channels corresponding with lock pin, the right limb that lock pin is pressed into movable structure after slot is the knot integral with fixed structure group
Structure frame；The left limb medial surface is disposed at least two addendum cones, and right limb medial surface is provided centrally with specimen holder screw,
Specimen holder screw passes through right limb and left side is directed toward on its top；
Upper frame and lower frame are by two addendum cones and a specimen holder screw clamping at the test section of the test specimen；
The upper left limb of frame and right limb downside have been fixedly connected with gauge length column, and gauge length column lateral wall is both provided with front band, lower frame
The left limb and right limb of frame are respectively arranged with lower catch hoop with the clip corresponding position on gauge length column, and front band and lower catch hoop, which are constituted, to be become
Shape clamp of sensor.
6. concrete direct tensile test complexes according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：It further includes load frame
Frame and load maintainer, the loading frame include the left column being sequentially arranged from left to right, center pillar and right column and from top to bottom successively
Girder, guide beam and the pedestal of arrangement, Zuo Zhu, center pillar and right column are consolidated on pedestal, and guide beam is consolidated on left column and center pillar,
Girder is consolidated on left column, center pillar and right column, and corresponding guide rod up and down has been arranged in vertical at girder and guide beam left side
Slide-and-guide sets of holes；It is arranged in vertical pull rod slide-and-guide sets of holes on the right side of girder；Center pillar is located at girder and guide beam
Between cylinder center at be provided with lever square hole；
The load maintainer includes load guide rod, lever, shaft, turntable handle, load nut and pull rod, and load guide rod passes through institute
It states guide rod slide-and-guide sets of holes to be slidably connected with loading frame formation, load guide rod top setting carrying cap, lever passes through respectively
Shaft is articulated and connected with load guide rod, center pillar and pull rod, and the connecting hole of lever and load guide rod, lever and pull rod is oval
The connecting hole of hole, lever and center pillar is circular hole, is articulated and connected by pivot pin and lever in the middle part of pull rod, pull rod upper end passes through the drawing
Bar slide-and-guide sets of holes are simultaneously slidably connected with girder, and the upper part that pull rod stretches out girder sliding guide hole is provided with external screw thread, if
It sets and is arranged with load nut at the externally threaded body of rod；
A set of test specimen tensioning clamping fixture, upper loaded segment are respectively set at the upper loaded segment of the test specimen and lower load fragment position
The test specimen tensioning clamping fixture at place and the test specimen tensioning clamping fixture setting symmetrical above and below at lower loaded segment, often set examination
The outer end of the connecting plate of part tensioning clamping fixture, which corresponds at the test specimen centre pull axis, is both provided with hemispherical flexural pivot hole,
Flexural pivot connector is set in hemispherical flexural pivot hole, and the test specimen tensioning clamping fixture at upper loaded segment passes through corresponding flexural pivot connector
It is connect with pull rod, the test specimen tensioning clamping fixture at lower loaded segment is connect by corresponding flexural pivot connector with load transducer.
7. concrete direct tensile test complexes according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：It further includes that data are adopted
Collecting system, the data collecting system include load transducer, deformation-sensor, controller, computer, two deformation-sensors
It is clamped on corresponding deformation-sensor fixture, the upper end of load transducer passes through corresponding flexural pivot connector and corresponding test specimen
Tensioning clamping fixture connects, and the lower end of load transducer is connect with the pedestal, and load transducer and deformation-sensor lead to respectively
It crosses data cable to connect with controller, controller is connect by data cable with computer.
8. concrete direct tensile test complexes according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：
It is provided with buffer layer on the clamping face of the T-type snap-gauge；
The outer edge of the T-type snap-gauge is provided with postive stop baffle, the angle that the postive stop baffle is formed with T-type snap-gauge clamping face with
The corner of the test specimen corresponding position is equal；
It is provided with trip bolt on the deformation-sensor clip；
The cross section of the lock pin and sliding guide hole is rectangular, and the slot is also rectangular, the longitudinal direction of the tapered end of the lock pin
Medial surface is cambered surface；
It is fixedly connected with turntable handle outside load nut, loads and is provided with bearing between nut and the sliding guide hole of girder；
Upper place's fixing sleeve is equipped with disk in the middle part of pull rod, and buffer unit is located on lever the position between girder and disk
Place；
The buffer unit is spring or damper；
The pedestal is also equipped with hemispherical flexural pivot hole with load transducer lower end corresponding position, is arranged in hemispherical flexural pivot hole
The lower end of flexural pivot connector, load transducer is connect by corresponding flexural pivot head connector with the pedestal.
9. concrete direct tensile test complexes according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The deformation-sensor
For differential transformer type displacement meter, the front band on the gauge length column is the main body of fixed differential transformer type displacement meter, corresponding
Lower catch hoop fix top plate, the ball of differential transformer type displacement meter test lead withstands on top plate, differential transformation in test process
Device formula displacement meter makes ball and top plate contact always by the elastic element of itself, is transmitted by upper frame and lower frame opposite
Displacement obtains the predetermined deflection for destroying section of test specimen.
10. concrete direct tensile test complexes according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The deformation sensing
Device is strain ga(u)ge formula extensometer, and the lower catch hoop that the front band and lower frame on the gauge length column are correspondingly arranged respectively is fixed
There are gag lever post symmetrical above and below, gag lever post inner end side to be both provided with the blade card for limiting extensometer blade edge position
Two blades of slot, strain ga(u)ge formula extensometer are respectively engaged in corresponding blade card slot, each gag lever post and blade card slot
The corresponding other side is both provided with anti-slip tank, and two blades of strain ga(u)ge formula extensometer are fixed on gag lever post always in test process
On, the relative displacement transmitted by upper frame and lower frame obtains the predetermined deflection for destroying section of test specimen.
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| CN201610659029.XA CN106018044B (en) | 2016-08-12 | 2016-08-12 | Concrete direct tensile test test specimen, specimen molding mold and complexes |
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