CN106012663A - 一种壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸，其特征在于：壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸的基质材料按总质量的百分比计：壳聚糖醋酸盐占0.1‑20％，淀粉‑丙烯酸接枝共聚物占0.1％，天然植物纤维占79.2‑99.1％、阳离子聚丙烯酰胺占0.1％、羧甲基纤维素钠占0.2％、滑石粉占0.4％。壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸的厚度为0.1‑1.5mm，能够吸附的花生油为自身重量的15‑20倍，对大豆油的吸附约是自身重量的25‑40倍，能够吸附的纯净水为自身重量的50‑1000倍。本发明制备的壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸具有强效吸水、吸油的作用,能够进一步改善和增强厨房用纸的使用功能。
Description
【技术领域】
本发明涉及厨房纸，特别涉及一种壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸。
【背景技术】
厨房用纸属于生活用纸的一种新型纸种，主要特点是吸油和吸水能力都较一般卫生薄纸强，纸张质量好，厚实柔韧，不易破损、压花美观。
目前市场上的厨房用纸种类繁多，但吸水吸油的主要原理即是将厨房用纸原纸实施了压花，将单层或多层原纸折叠，以单片纤维间的空隙所致的毛细现象作为主要吸液机理，在各片的压花间的空隙中吸入水分、油分等。衡量厨房用纸性能的主要指标是吸水性和吸油功能，吸水性的主要表现为纸张在单位时间内的吸液高度。吸水吸油功能，就是单位面积的纸吸水的质量或相对吸水量表示，而目前没有进行将厨房用纸进行改性来增加吸水吸油性能方面的研究。
淀粉-丙烯酸接枝共聚物在造纸中可以提高纸张的吸水性、抗张力，且能生物降解，具有环保性。
阳离子聚丙烯酰胺在造纸行业中用作助留剂和助滤剂，通过改变造纸浆料的絮凝状态来提高造纸中的细小纤维和填料的着留率，以达到减少造纸纤维和填料的流失和降低污染的效果。
羧甲基纤维素钠在造纸行业用作纸张施胶剂，可明显提高纸张的干强度和湿强度。
滑石粉滑石粉的主要用途是用作填料，是现在国内应用得最广泛的造纸填料，改进纸页的不透亮度、透气度、柔韧性、印刷性与书写性，降低成本。
壳聚糖全名是(1,4)-2-氨基-2-脱氧-β-D-葡聚糖，它是一种白色或灰白色半透明的片状或粉状固体，无味、无臭、无毒性，纯壳聚糖略带珍珠光泽。不溶于水和碱液，可溶于稀盐酸、醋酸、硝酸等酸性溶液。壳聚糖可以抑制细菌的生长，常用于海产品、水果等的保鲜和临床医学的医护。此外，壳聚糖分子结构上具有羟基和氨基，亲水能力和保湿能力强，生物相容性好,有良好的生物可降解性、抗菌和吸附油脂性能，无毒，因此它在化工、纺织、印染、造纸和医药领域有着广泛的应用前景。
壳聚糖分子的立体规整性及分子间的氢键使它在多数有机溶剂、水、碱中难以溶解，但由于有氨基，在稀乙酸中当H+活度足够等于-NH2的浓度时，使-NH2质子化成-NH3 +，破化了分子间的立体规整性和氢键，是-OH与水分子发生水合作用，使壳聚糖分子膨胀，生成壳聚糖醋酸盐而溶解。
经过检索得到以下文献：
中国专利：申请号201510568922.7，发明名称：一种壳聚糖面膜纸，摘要本发明涉及一种壳聚糖面膜纸，其特征在于面膜纸的基质材料包含有天然植物纤维和壳聚糖纤维，其中壳聚糖纤维的含量为1-90％，天然植物纤维的含量为10-99％。壳聚糖面膜的厚度约为0.01-0.1mm，能够吸附的纯净水为自身重量的15-20倍。壳聚糖面膜具有天然抑菌、强效吸附化妆品残留、持久保湿、活化肌肤的作用。缺点是：吸水率较低，且无吸油功能。
【发明内容】
本发明的目的就是为了克服现有技术的不足，提出一种壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸，该厨房用纸具有强效吸水、吸油的作用。
本发明的技术方案为：一种壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸，所述的壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸的基质材料按总质量的百分比计：壳聚糖醋酸盐占0.1-20％，淀粉-丙烯酸接枝共聚物占0.1％，天然植物纤维占79.2-99.1％、阳离子聚丙烯酰胺占0.1％、羧甲基纤维素钠占0.2％、滑石粉占0.4％。壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸的厚度为0.1-1.5mm，能够吸附的花生油为自身重量的15-20倍，对大豆油的吸附约是自身重量的25-40倍，能够吸附的纯净水为自身重量的50-1000倍。
在本发明中，作为进一步说明，所述的天然植物纤维为阔叶树牛皮纸浆。
在本发明中，作为进一步说明，所述的淀粉-丙烯酸接枝共聚物的接枝率为70％。
在本发明中，作为进一步说明，所述的阳离子聚丙烯酰胺分子量为100万。
在本发明中，作为进一步说明，所述的羧甲基纤维素钠葡萄糖聚合度为400。
在本发明中，作为进一步说明，所述的滑石粉为造纸级滑石粉。
在本发明中，作为进一步说明，所述的壳聚糖醋酸盐的制备方法为,在常温下将10g壳聚糖溶于1000g质量分数为1％的醋酸溶液，配置成质量分数为10％的壳聚糖醋酸盐溶液，在35℃下烘干24小时后制得壳聚糖醋酸盐。
在本发明中，作为进一步说明，所述的壳聚糖的分子量为10-30万、脱乙酰度为80-95％；所述的质量分数为1％的醋酸溶液由冰醋酸稀释100倍后制得。
在本发明中，作为进一步说明，所述的壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸的厚度为0.1-1.5mm。
在本发明中，作为进一步说明，所述的壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸对花生油的吸附约是自身重量的15-20倍，对大豆油的吸附约是自身重量的25-40倍。
在本发明中，作为进一步说明，所述的壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸对纯净水的吸附约是自身重量的50-1000倍。
在本发明中，作为进一步说明，所述的聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸的制备方法，包括以下具体步骤：将壳聚糖醋酸盐和、淀粉-丙烯酸接枝共聚物、天然植物纤维、阳离子聚丙烯酰胺、羧甲基纤维素钠和滑石粉混合，然后搅拌均匀，再先后依次经过喷浆上网、成型、压榨、干燥和卷取工艺制备出壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸。
本发明的原理是：壳聚糖是一种线性高分子氨基多聚糖，线性聚合物的官能团能充分接近纤维表面,对自然纤维有足够的粘合强度和在纤维间架桥的能力，加强了厨房用纸对于纯净水和油脂的吸附力。
壳聚糖分子的立体规整性及分子间的氢键使它在多数有机溶剂、水、碱中难以溶解，但由于有氨基，在稀乙酸中当H+活度足够等于-NH2的浓度时，使-NH2质子化成-NH3 +，破化了分子间的立体规整性和氢键，是-OH与水分子发生水合作用，使壳聚糖分子膨胀，生成壳聚糖醋酸盐而溶解。壳聚糖醋酸盐不但保留了线性聚合物的极性基团，还引进了乙酰基，乙酰基也具有亲水性。淀粉-丙烯酸接枝共聚物主链和接枝侧链上含有羧基和羟基等亲水性官能团，这些亲水基团与水的亲合作用，使淀粉-丙烯酸接枝共聚物和壳聚糖醋酸盐协同作用，大大提高了吸水性。阳离子聚丙烯酰胺在本发明中用作助留剂和助滤剂，羧甲基纤维素钠用作纸张施胶剂，可明显提高纸张的干强度和湿强度，滑石粉滑石粉的主要用途是用作填料，改进纸页的不透亮度、透气度、柔韧性、印刷性与书写性，降低成本。
壳聚糖醋酸盐还有较好的吸水能力；壳聚糖醋酸盐分子上的羟基、乙酰基可以与水分结合，加强了吸水性，远超目前资料厨房用纸的吸水性能；壳聚糖醋酸盐还具有较强的吸附油脂的能力。由于壳聚糖醋酸盐分子中存在羟基和其他基团，可借氢键也可借盐键形成具有类似网状结构的笼形分子，从而对油脂具有较强的吸附能力。
本发明具有如下有益效果：
1.本发明制备得到的壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸具有良好的吸水性，远远高于市面上的厨房用纸的吸水能力，而且纸质柔韧不易破，使用时不易留纸屑。
2.本发明制备得到的壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸具有吸附油脂的功能，能够快速、高效的吸附厨房里残余油脂，可代替传统抹布，不易滋生细菌，洁净卫生。
3.本发明制备得到的壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸在使用之后能够被降解，绿色环保，不污染环境。
【具体实施方式】
实施例1：
(1)在常温下将10g脱乙酰度为80％且分子量为10万的壳聚糖溶于1000g质量分数为1％的醋酸溶液，配置成质量分数为10％的壳聚糖醋酸盐溶液，在35℃下烘干24小时后制得壳聚糖醋酸盐。
(2)取0.1g步骤(1)制备得到的壳聚糖醋酸盐与0.1g接枝率为70％的淀粉-丙烯酸接枝共聚物、99.1g阔叶树牛皮纸浆、0.1g分子量为100万的阳离子聚丙烯酰胺、0.2g葡萄糖聚合度为400的羧甲基纤维素钠、0.4g造纸级滑石粉混合，然后搅拌均匀，再先后依次经过喷浆上网、成型、压榨、干燥和卷取工艺制备出厚度为0.1mm的壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸。
将上述制备出来的壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸采用常规技术分别对花生油、大豆油和纯净水的吸附能力进行检测，结果如下：对花生油的吸附约是自身重量的15倍，对大豆油的吸附约是自身重量的25倍，对纯净水的吸附约是自身重量的50倍。
实施例2：
(1)在常温下将10g脱乙酰度为85％且分子量为20万的壳聚糖溶于1000g质量分数为1％的醋酸溶液，配置成质量分数为10％的壳聚糖醋酸盐溶液，在35℃下烘干24小时后制得壳聚糖醋酸盐。
(2)取1g步骤(1)制备得到的壳聚糖醋酸盐与0.1g接枝率为70％的淀粉-丙烯酸接枝共聚物和98.2g阔叶树牛皮纸浆、0.1g分子量为100万的阳离子聚丙烯酰胺、0.2g葡萄糖聚合度为400的羧甲基纤维素钠、0.4g造纸级滑石粉混合，然后搅拌均匀，再先后依次经过喷浆上网、成型、压榨、干燥和卷取工艺制备出厚度为0.5mm的壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸。
将上述制备出来的壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸采用常规技术分别对花生油、大豆油和纯净水的吸附能力进行检测，结果如下：对花生油的吸附约是自身重量的17倍，对大豆油的吸附约是自身重量的37倍，对纯净水的吸附约是自身重量的600倍。
实施例3：
(1)在常温下将10g脱乙酰度为90％且分子量为20万的壳聚糖溶于1000g质量分数为1％的醋酸溶液，配置成质量分数为10％的壳聚糖醋酸盐溶液，在35℃下烘干24小时后制得壳聚糖醋酸盐。
(2)取10g步骤(1)制备得到的壳聚糖醋酸盐与0.1g接枝率为70％的淀粉-丙烯酸接枝共聚物和89.2g阔叶树牛皮纸浆、0.1g分子量为100万的阳离子聚丙烯酰胺、0.2g葡萄糖聚合度为400的羧甲基纤维素钠、0.4g造纸级滑石粉混合，然后搅拌均匀，再先后依次经过喷浆上网、成型、压榨、干燥和卷取工艺制备出厚度为1mm的壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸。
将上述制备出来的壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸采用常规技术分别对花生油、大豆油和纯净水的吸附能力进行检测，结果如下：对花生油的吸附约是自身重量的18倍，对大豆油的吸附约是自身重量的40倍，对纯净水的吸附约是自身重量的800倍。
实施例4：
(1)在常温下将10g脱乙酰度为95％且分子量为30万的壳聚糖溶于1000g质量分数为1％的醋酸溶液，配置成质量分数为10％的壳聚糖醋酸盐溶液，在35℃下烘干24小时后制得壳聚糖醋酸盐，
(2)取20g步骤(1)制备得到的壳聚糖醋酸盐与0.1g接枝率为70％的淀粉-丙烯酸接枝共聚物和79.2g阔叶树牛皮纸浆、0.1g分子量为100万的阳离子聚丙烯酰胺、0.2g葡萄糖聚合度为400的羧甲基纤维素钠、0.4g造纸级滑石粉混合，然后搅拌均匀，再先后依次经过喷浆上网、成型、压榨、干燥和卷取工艺制备出厚度为1.5mm的壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸。
将上述制备出来的壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸采用常规技术分别对花生油、大豆油和纯净水的吸附能力进行检测，结果如下：对花生油的吸附约是自身重量的20倍，对大豆油的吸附约是自身重量的40倍，对纯净水的吸附约是自身重量的1000倍。
在本发明的一种较佳实施方式中，采用脱乙酰度为95％、分子量为30万的壳聚糖为原料制备壳聚糖醋酸盐，采用占总质量20％的壳聚糖醋酸盐、0.1％淀粉-丙烯酸接枝共聚物、79.2％天然植物纤维0.1％分子量为100万的阳离子聚丙烯酰胺、0.2％葡萄糖聚合度为400的羧甲基纤维素钠、0.4％造纸级滑石粉制备出的1.5mm厚的壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸。对花生油的吸附约是自身重量的20倍，对大豆油的吸附约是自身重量的40倍，对纯净水的吸附约是自身重量的1000倍。
实施例1-4制备得到的一种壳聚糖乙酸厨房用纸以现有的分子量为10-30万、脱乙酰度为80-95％的壳聚糖，冰醋酸稀释100倍后制得的质量分数为1％的醋酸溶液，阔叶树牛皮纸浆作为的天然植物纤维。接枝率为70％的淀粉-丙烯酸接枝共聚物，分子量为100万的阳离子聚丙烯酰胺，葡萄糖聚合度为400的羧甲基纤维素钠，造纸级滑石粉为原料，
上述说明是针对本发明较佳可行实施例的详细说明，但实施例并非用以限定本发明的专利申请范围，凡本发明所提示的技术精神下所完成的同等变化或修饰变更，均应属于本发明所涵盖专利范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸，其特征是：壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸的基质材料按总质量的百分比计：壳聚糖醋酸盐占0.1-20％，淀粉-丙烯酸接枝共聚物占0.1％，天然植物纤维占79.2-99.1％、阳离子聚丙烯酰胺占0.1％、羧甲基纤维素钠占0.2％、滑石粉占0.4％。壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸的厚度为0.1-1.5mm，能够吸附的花生油为自身重量的15-20倍，对大豆油的吸附约是自身重量的25-40倍，能够吸附的纯净水为自身重量的50-1000倍。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸，其特征是：所述的天然植物纤维为阔叶树牛皮纸浆；所述的淀粉-丙烯酸接枝共聚物的接枝率为70％；所述的阳离子聚丙烯酰胺分子量为100万；所述的羧甲基纤维素钠葡萄糖聚合度为400；所述的滑石粉为造纸级滑石粉。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸，其特征是：所述的壳聚糖醋酸盐由下述方法制备：在常温下将10g壳聚糖溶于1000g质量分数为1％的醋酸溶液，配置成质量分数为10％的壳聚糖醋酸盐溶液，在35℃下烘干24小时后制得壳聚糖醋酸盐。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸，其特征是：所述的壳聚糖分子量为10-30万、脱乙酰度为80-95％；所述质量分数为1％的醋酸溶液由冰醋酸稀释100倍后制得。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸，其特征是：所述的壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸的厚度为0.1-1.5mm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸，其特征是：壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸对花生油的吸附是自身重量的15-20倍，对大豆油的吸附是自身重量的25-40倍。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸，其特征是：壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸对纯净水的吸附是自身重量的50-1000倍。
8.根据权利要求1-7中任意一项权利要求所述的一种壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸的制备方法，其特征是：包括以下具体步骤：将壳聚糖醋酸盐、淀粉-丙烯酸接枝共聚物、天然植物纤维、阳离子聚丙烯酰胺、羧甲基纤维素钠和滑石粉混合，然后搅拌均匀，再先后依次经过喷浆上网、成型、压榨、干燥和卷取工艺制备出壳聚糖醋酸盐厨房用纸。
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