CN106008647B - A kind of extracting method of Momordica charantial - Google Patents
A kind of extracting method of Momordica charantial Download PDFInfo
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- CN106008647B CN106008647B CN201610521955.0A CN201610521955A CN106008647B CN 106008647 B CN106008647 B CN 106008647B CN 201610521955 A CN201610521955 A CN 201610521955A CN 106008647 B CN106008647 B CN 106008647B
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07J—STEROIDS
- C07J17/00—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen, having an oxygen-containing hetero ring not condensed with the cyclopenta(a)hydrophenanthrene skeleton
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Abstract
The present invention relates to natural products deep process technology field, and in particular to a kind of extracting method of Momordica charantial, comprises the following steps:S1 takes dry balsam pear powder to be dissolved in ethanol, and vibration shakes up, and is placed in 60 DEG C of water-baths centrifugation after extracting 1h and obtains Momordica charantial alcohol extract, and is concentrated in vacuo to concentrate without alcohol taste in rotary evaporator, and Momordica charantial extracting solution A is made;S2 uses isopropanol/(NH4)2SO4Double-aqueous phase system is extracted, and split-phase after partition equilibrium, takes phase, and Momordica charantial extracting solution B is made;Momordica charantial crude extract B is further purified S3 by 8 type macroporous absorbent resins of AB, and Momordica charantial extract C is made;S4 freeze-dryings prepare Momordica charantial finished product.Compared with conventional method, the present invention combines isolated Momordica charantial by alcohol steep, aqueous two-phase extraction and macroreticular resin, and Momordica charantial yield increased, and the hypoglycemic activity of Momordica charantial also significantly improves.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to natural products deep process technology field, and in particular to a kind of extracting method of Momordica charantial.
Background technology
Balsam pear, belongs to Curcurbitaceae balsam pear platymiscium, is the natural plants of a kind of " medicine-food two-purpose ", contains balsam pear soap in balsam pear
A variety of chemical compositions such as glycosides, polysaccharide, proteins and peptides.Momordica charantial is a kind of more complicated glycosides compound, is also known as matched somebody with somebody
Sugared body (glycoside), is to be coupled by derivative of sugar or sugar etc. with another nonsugar by its terminal carbon
Compound, is made of sapogenin and sugar, uronic acid or other organic acids, can be divided into triterpene soap according to the chemical constitution of aglycon
Two major class of glycosides and steroid saponin.It is reported that it has the function of antitumor, raising is immune, hypoglycemic, antibacterial, antiviral etc..Balsam pear
Saponin(e has the property such as molecular weight of general saponin(e larger, is not easy to crystallize, generally in colourless or off-white powder, readily soluble water, second
Alcohol and hot methanol.At present, the research report both at home and abroad on the extraction process of Momordica charantial is seldom, general common report first
The organic solvent such as alcohol-ether, petroleum ether-ethyl acetate-n-butanol extracts, and can so cause organic solvent residual, pharmaceutical activity
Reduce or lose, target product yield is low to wait a series of problems.
The content of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of extracting method of Momordica charantial, is combined by double-aqueous phase system and macroreticular resin
Separation method increases the yield of total Saponins from Bitter Melon, solves existing extracting method organic solvent residual, active constituents of medicine is not high, mesh
Mark the problems such as product yield is low.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose, adopt the following technical scheme that.
A kind of extracting method of Momordica charantial, this method comprise the following steps:
S1 takes dry balsam pear powder to be dissolved in ethanol, and vibration shakes up, and is placed in 60 DEG C of water-baths and extracts 1h centrifugations afterwards
Momordica charantial alcohol extract is obtained, and concentrate is concentrated in vacuo to without alcohol taste in rotary evaporator, Momordica charantial extracting solution is made
A;
S2 uses isopropanol/(NH4)2SO4Double-aqueous phase system is extracted, and aqueous two-phase extraction condition is anchor line (string) length (TLL)
It is 3 compared to (R) for 83, wherein each component mass fraction is respectively 74.994% isopropanol, 40.111% (NH4) 2SO4, distribution
Split-phase after balance, takes phase, and Momordica charantial extracting solution B is made;
Momordica charantial crude extract B is further purified S3 by AB-8 type macroporous absorbent resins, and Momordica charantial essence is made and carries
Thing C;
S4 freeze-dryings prepare Momordica charantial finished product.
Further, the concentration of alcohol described in step S1 is 70% ethanol.70% ethanol to the leaching rate of Momordica charantial and
Recovery rate is higher.
Further, balsam pear powder and ethanol solution solid-to-liquid ratio are 1 in step S1:20 (g/mL), centrifugal condition are 4000rpm
Centrifuge 10min.
Further, the aqueous two-phase extraction each component partition equilibrium time is 30min in step S2.
Further, macroporous resin purification Momordica charantial comprises the following steps that in step S3:
Resin pre-processes:
Prior to the water that 0.4~0.5 times equivalent to loaded resin volume is added in adsorption column, new resin is then put into column
In, make its liquid level higher than resin bed about at 0.3m;Backwash:Water is become larger by small, resin is sufficiently spread out without flowing out, with
Draining is limpid, it is transparent untill;Just wash:Implement resin bed.With the 2%NaOH solution of 2BV, passed through with the flow velocity of 1~2BV/h
Resin bed, and soak 4~8 it is small when, then with water with same flow velocity be washed till water outlet pH neutrality;
With 2BV ethanol, with the flow velocity of 1BV/h by resin bed, and soak 8~12 it is small when, with ethanol, with the stream of 1BV/h
Speed is washed till efflux and adds water by resin bed, and the ratio of liquid and water is 1:4, it is washed till not white muddiness and stops;And with water with same
Flow velocity cleans ethanol;With the 5%HCL solution of 2BV, with the flow velocity of 4~6BV/h by resin bed, and soak 2~4 it is small when, then
Water outlet pH neutrality is washed till with same flow velocity with water;
Fill column:
Take the resin handled well wet method dress post in water, glass column L=30cm, interior D=1.6cm resin filling heights
25cm, resin volume 50mL, compression leg, flow velocity 1.5mL/min are stayed overnight with distilled water;
Loading:
The Momordica charantial extracting solution B loadings that will be handled well, saponin concentrations 0.8637mg/mL, loading volume 200mL, on
Sample flow velocity is 0.5ml/min, after sample flow is complete, adsorbs 1h;
Elution:
Polysaccharide impurity is removed, is first washed to efflux through the not aobvious red of phenolsulfuric acid detection, flow velocity 1.5mL/ with distillation
Min, then the ethanol gradient elution of the 0-100% with 460mL, finally with 60mL, about column volume anhydrous ethanol elution, elution
Flow velocity is 1ml/min;The solution under elution is collected with distribution collector, 68 pipes are collected altogether, then according to concentration gradient
Elution curve is drawn;The eluent that concentration of alcohol is 72-82% is collected after Momordica charantial extracting solution B is purified, rotation is steamed
Hair removes ethanol, and Momordica charantial extract C is made.
Another object of the present invention is to Momordica charantial extract and balsam pear soap prepared by Sustainable use said extracted method
Glycosides finished product.
The Momordica charantial extracting method and extract of the present invention has the advantage that:
(1) present invention avoids conventional method yield successively using alcohol steep, aqueous two-phase extraction and macroreticular resin separation
Low drawback, extraction process is simple, cost is low, suitable for intermittent and large-scale production processing high-purity, the balsam pear soap of high yield pulp1
Glycosides finished product;
(2) aqueous two-phase system reaction response mild condition of the present invention will not cause bioactive substance inactivate or
Denaturation, energy consumption is small, and there is no organic solvent residual problem, and drug safety is high, is suitable for natural bioactive ingredients separation;
(3) method of the invention has Momordica charantial obvious concentration effect, total Saponins from Bitter Melon made from this method
Rate is higher by much than the yield of obtained total Saponins from Bitter Melon under conventional method in the same circumstances;
(4) method of the invention is to the effect of being significantly improved of the hypoglycemic activity of Momordica charantial, hardship made from this method
Hypoglycemic activity of the melon saponin(e extract in the same circumstances than obtained Momordica charantial extract under conventional method is substantially higher by
Very much, isopropanol/(NH is utilized4)2SO4System combination macroreticular resin chromatographs the Momordica charantial component that can be enriched with low polarity, this pole
Property the hypoglycemic activity of Momordica charantial component be significantly larger than conventional method, its hypoglycemic activity highest and hypoglycemic agent acarbose
It is close.
Compared with conventional method, the present invention is combined isolated by alcohol steep, aqueous two-phase extraction and macroreticular resin
Momordica charantial, Momordica charantial yield increased, and the hypoglycemic activity of Momordica charantial also significantly improves.The present invention passes through aqueous two-phase
System isolates and purifies active ingredient saponin(e in balsam pear, it is possible to achieve cheap, high efficiency operation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the Momordica charantial extraction process flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is three kinds of distinct methods gained saponin(e elution curves, is individually to use macroreticular resin layer successively from top to bottom
Analyse elution profile, ethanol/(NH4)2SO4System combination macroreticular resin chromatographic elution figure, isopropanol/(NH4)2SO4System combination macropore
Resin chromatography elution profile;
Fig. 3 is total saponin figure, is from left to right followed successively by macroreticular resin chromatography gained total saponin, ethanol/(NH4)2SO4System combination macroreticular resin chromatography gained total saponin, isopropanol/(NH4)2SO4System combination macroreticular resin chromatography gained
Total saponin;
Fig. 4 is the Momordica charantial and acarbose obtained in the embodiment of the present invention under three kinds of methods to ɑ-glucoside enzyme activity
Property inhibiting rate figure, wherein:Figure (a), (b), (c) and (d) be respectively Momordica charantial extract C1, C2, C3 and acarbose to ɑ-
Glucosidase activity inhibiting rate situation.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment and attached drawing, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1 is prepared using three kinds of Different Extraction Methods
Momordica charantial S1 prepares Momordica charantial extracting solution A:The balsam pear powder that 55g is dried is taken with 1:The solid-to-liquid ratio of 20 (g/mL) is molten
In 70% ethanol, vibration shakes up, and is placed in 60 DEG C of water-baths, is taken out after 1h, and 4000rpm centrifugation 10min, merge supernatant
Liquid, obtains Momordica charantial alcohol extract and concentrate is concentrated in vacuo in rotary evaporator without alcohol taste, Momordica charantial extraction is made
Liquid A;
S2 prepares Momordica charantial extracting solution B1:Using ethanol/(NH4)2SO4Double-aqueous phase system extracts Momordica charantial alcohol extract
A, aqueous two-phase extraction condition are that anchor line (string) length (TLL) is 45, are 2.5 compared to (R), wherein each component mass fraction is respectively
45.195% ethanol, 33.594% (NH4)2SO4, split-phase after partition equilibrium 30min, takes phase, and Momordica charantial extracting solution is made
B1;
S3 prepares Momordica charantial extracting solution B2:Using isopropanol/(NH4)2SO4Double-aqueous phase system extraction revolving removes ethanol
Momordica charantial alcohol extract A afterwards, aqueous two-phase extraction condition are that anchor line (string) length (TLL) is 83, are 3, wherein each group sub-prime compared to (R)
It is respectively 74.994% isopropanol, 40.111% (NH to measure fraction4)2SO4, split-phase after partition equilibrium 30min, takes phase, and hardship is made
Melon saponin extract solution B2;
S4 prepares Momordica charantial extract C1, C2, C3:By Momordica charantial extracting solution A, B1, B2, (saponin concentrations are respectively
1.2nd, 1.2,0.8637mg/mL) it is further purified by AB-8 type macroporous absorbent resins.Macroporous absorbent resin first will be into before
Row pretreatment, pre-treatment step are as follows:Prior to adding water of 0.4~0.5 times equivalent to loaded resin volume in adsorption column, then
New resin is put into column, makes its liquid level higher than resin bed about at 0.3m.Backwash:Water is become larger by small, makes resin abundant
Expansion without flow out, with draining it is limpid, it is transparent untill.Just wash:Implement resin bed.With the 2%NaOH solution of 2BV, with 1~
The flow velocity of 2BV/h by resin bed, and soak 4~8 it is small when, water outlet pH neutrality is then washed till with same flow velocity with water.With 2BV second
Alcohol, with the flow velocity of 1BV/h by resin bed, and soak 8~12 it is small when.With ethanol, with the flow velocity of 1BV/h by resin bed, wash
To efflux plus water (1:4 ratios) not white muddiness stops.And ethanol is cleaned with same flow velocity with water.It is molten with the 5%HCL of 2BV
Liquid, with the flow velocity of 4~6BV/h by resin bed, and soak 2~4 it is small when, be then washed till with water with same flow velocity in water outlet pH
Property.The resin that three parts of equivalent are handled well is taken respectively at wet method dress post in water, (glass column L=30cm, internal diameter D=1.6cm), resin
Height 25cm, resin volume 40mL are loaded, compression leg, flow velocity 1.5mL/min are stayed overnight with distilled water.200mL balsam pear soaps are taken respectively
Glycosides extracting solution A, B1, B2 upper prop, loading flow velocity is 0.5ml/min, after sample flow is complete, adsorbs 1h.Then it is washed to distillation
Efflux detects not aobvious red, flow velocity 1.5mL/min through phenolsulfuric acid, then is washed with the ethanol gradient of the 0-100% of 460mL
It is de-, finally with 60mL, the anhydrous ethanol elution of about column volume, elution flow rate 1ml/min.With distribution collector to elution
Under solution be collected, altogether collect 68 pipe, then elution curve is drawn according to concentration gradient.Momordica charantial extracting solution A,
The eluent that concentration of alcohol is 60-70% is collected after B1 is purified, rotary evaporation removes ethanol, Momordica charantial essence is respectively prepared and carries
Thing C1, C2, collect the eluent that concentration of alcohol is 72-82% after Momordica charantial extracting solution B2 is purified, rotary evaporation removes second
Alcohol, is respectively prepared Momordica charantial extract C3;
Freeze-drying prepares pale yellow powder shape Momordica charantial D1, D2, D3 finished product to S5 respectively.
Wherein, Momordica charantial extraction process flow chart of the invention is as shown in Figure 1.By measure in traditional macroreticular resin and
Aqueous two-phase-macroreticular resin combines the saponin concentrations of 68 pipes collected under separation Momordica charantial both approaches, draws elution
Curve map, and calculate total saponin.As shown in Fig. 2, gained saponin(e elution curve under three kinds of methods, is successively from top to bottom
Individually use macroreticular resin chromatographic elution figure, ethanol/(NH4)2SO4System combination macroreticular resin chromatographic elution figure, isopropanol/
(NH4)2SO4System combination macroreticular resin chromatographic elution figure, Fig. 3 are total saponin figure, are from left to right followed successively by macroreticular resin layer
Analysis gained total saponin, ethanol/(NH4)2SO4System combination macroreticular resin chromatography gained total saponin, isopropanol/(NH4)2SO4System combination macroreticular resin chromatography gained total saponin.From Fig. 2 and 3, individually using macroreticular resin chromatography, ethanol/
(NH4)2SO4With reference to macroreticular resin chromatography, isopropanol/(NH4)2SO4These three methods processing 1g balsam pears are chromatographed with reference to macroreticular resin
The yield of total Saponins from Bitter Melon obtained by powder is 5.65 respectively, 15.1,8.0mg/g.Illustrate double-aqueous phase system and macroreticular resin chromatography knot
The yield of total Saponins from Bitter Melon increases compared with conventional method after conjunction.
The external hypoglycemic activity testing index evaluation of embodiment 2
Sample is acarbose, Momordica charantial finished product D1, D2, D3 in the present embodiment.Momordica charantial extracting solution A, B1 are through pure
After change collect concentration of alcohol be 60-70% eluent, rotary evaporation remove ethanol, be respectively prepared Momordica charantial extract C1,
The eluent that concentration of alcohol is 72-82% is collected after C2, Momordica charantial extracting solution B2 are purified, rotary evaporation removes ethanol, point
Momordica charantial extract C3 is not made.Freeze respectively and dry prepare pale yellow powder shape Momordica charantial D1, D2, D3 finished product.Balsam pear soap
The external hypoglycemic activity testing index of glycosides evaluates alpha-glucosidase activity inhibiting rate by it.
Experimental principle:
Reaction system forms:
(1) 67mM phosphate buffers:The potassium dihydrogen phosphate for weighing 0.912g is dissolved with distilled water, is settled to 100mL, is used
The sodium hydroxide solution tune PH to 6.8 of 1mol/L;
(2) PNPG (4- nitrophenols-ɑ-D- glucopyranosides) of 10mM:Weigh the PNPG 67mM phosphate of 0.151g
Buffer solution, is settled to 50mL;
(3) sodium carbonate liquor of 100mM:The natrium carbonicum calcinatum for weighing 1.060g is dissolved with distilled water, is settled to 100mL;
(4) glutathione (GSH) of 3mM:Weigh 0.046 glutathione dry powder to be dissolved with distilled water, be settled to 50mL;
(5) ɑ-glucuroide:The ɑ of 100U-glucuroide dry powder 67mM phosphate buffers are dissolved, are settled to
10mL, that is, prepare the mother liquor of 10U/mL, packing, and mother liquor is diluted 25 times to 0.4U/mL by the used time again;
(6) Momordica charantial sample:It will be separated by traditional macroreticular resin and aqueous two-phase-macroreticular resin combines three kinds of sides of separation
The Momordica charantial each component extracting solution that method obtains is evaporated, and obtains Momordica charantial finished product D1, D2, D3, and with 67mM phosphate-buffereds
Liquid dissolves to form solution.
Experimental procedure:
The phosphate of GSH and 1.3mL of 100 μ L samples, ɑ-glucuroide of 0.4U/mL of 100 μ L, 200 μ L is taken to delay
Fliud flushing, 37 DEG C of insulation 10min, adds the PNPG of 100 μ L, reacts 20min thereto, after add the Na of 1mL2CO3Solution terminates
2-3min is reacted, its absorbance is finally surveyed at wavelength 400nm with spectrophotometer.
4 groups of experimental setup:
(1) blank group:The μ of phosphate buffer+200 LGSH+1mLNa of the PNPG+1.5mL of 100 μ L2CO3
(2) sample sets:The μ of phosphate buffer+200 LGSH+ of the PNPG+1.3mL of+100 μ L of+100 μ L enzymes of 100 μ L samples
1mLNa2CO3
(3) control group:The μ of phosphate buffer+200 LGSH+1mLNa of the PNPG+1.4mL of+100 μ L of 100 μ L enzymes2CO3
(4) sample blank group:The μ of phosphate buffer+200 LGSH+ of the PNPG+1.4mL of+100 μ L of 100 μ L samples
1mLNa2CO3
ɑ-glucosidase activity inhibiting rate:
Inhibition of enzyme activity rate (%)={ 1-(A sample sets-A sample blanks group)/(A control groups-A blank groups) } ×
100%
As shown in figure 4, the Momordica charantial obtained under these three methods has ɑ-glucosidase activity certain suppression
Effect.Figure (a), (b), (c) and (d) is respectively Momordica charantial finished product D1, D2, D3 and acarbose to ɑ-glucosidase activity
Inhibiting rate situation.The wherein IC of the alpha-glucosaccharase enzyme inhibition rate of Momordica charantial extract D150The IC of=380 μ g/mL, D250=
The IC of 80 μ g/mL, D350=50 μ g/mL, the IC of acarbose50=42 μ g/mL.Individually the macroreticular resin side of separation is used with tradition
Method is compared, and saponin(e obtained by double-aqueous phase system combination macroporous resin method has higher hypoglycemic activity, and isopropanol/(NH4)2SO4System combination macroreticular resin chromatographs the Momordica charantial component that can be enriched with low polarity, the Momordica charantial component obtained by this method
Hypoglycemic activity be highest in three kinds of methods, it is close with the hypoglycemic activity of acarbose.
Although above the present invention is made to retouch in detail with general explanation, embodiment and experiment
State, but on the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this is apparent to those skilled in the art
's.Therefore, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, belong to claimed
Scope.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of extracting method of Momordica charantial, it is characterised in that this method comprises the following steps:
S1 takes dry balsam pear powder to be dissolved in ethanol, and vibration shakes up, and is placed in 60 DEG C of water-baths and centrifuges acquisition after extraction 1h
Momordica charantial alcohol extract, and concentrate is concentrated in vacuo to without alcohol taste in rotary evaporator, Momordica charantial extracting solution A is made;
S2 uses isopropanol/(NH4)2SO4Double-aqueous phase system is extracted, and aqueous two-phase extraction condition is that anchor line (string) length (TLL) is
83, it is 3 compared to (R), wherein each component mass fraction is respectively 74.994% isopropanol, 40.111% (NH4)2SO4, distribute flat
Split-phase after weighing apparatus, takes phase, and Momordica charantial extracting solution B is made;
Momordica charantial crude extract B is further purified S3 by AB-8 type macroporous absorbent resins, and Momordica charantial extract C is made;
S4 freeze-dryings prepare Momordica charantial finished product.
2. extracting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the concentration of alcohol described in step S1 is 70% ethanol.
3. extracting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that balsam pear powder is with ethanol solution solid-to-liquid ratio in step S1
1:20 (g/mL), centrifugal condition are 4000rpm centrifugations 10min.
4. extracting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that aqueous two-phase extraction each component partition equilibrium in step S2
Time is 30min.
5. extracting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the tool of macroporous resin purification Momordica charantial in step S3
Body step is as follows:
Resin pre-processes:Prior to the water that 0.4~0.5 times equivalent to loaded resin volume is added in adsorption column, then by new resin
Put into column, make its liquid level higher than resin bed about at 0.3m;Backwash:Water is become larger by small, make resin be sufficiently spread out without
Outflow, with draining it is limpid, it is transparent untill;Just wash:Implement resin bed, with the 2%NaOH solution of 2BV, with 1~2BV/h's
Flow velocity by resin bed, and soak 4~8 it is small when, water outlet pH neutrality is then washed till with same flow velocity with water;
With 2BV ethanol, with the flow velocity of 1BV/h by resin bed, and soak 8~12 it is small when, with ethanol, led to the flow velocity of 1BV/h
Resin bed is crossed, efflux is washed till and adds water, the ratio of liquid and water is 1:4, it is washed till not white muddiness and stops;And with water with same flow velocity
Clean ethanol;With the 5%HCL solution of 2BV, with the flow velocity of 4~6BV/h by resin bed, and soak 2~4 it is small when, then use water
Water outlet pH neutrality is washed till with same flow velocity;
Fill column:Take the resin handled well wet method dress post in water, glass column L=30cm, interior D=1.6cm resin filling heights
25cm, resin volume 50mL, compression leg, flow velocity 1.5mL/min are stayed overnight with distilled water;
Loading:The Momordica charantial extracting solution B loadings that will be handled well, saponin concentrations 0.8637mg/mL, loading volume 200mL, on
Sample flow velocity is 0.5ml/min, after sample flow is complete, adsorbs 1h;
Elution:Polysaccharide impurity is removed, be first washed to efflux with distillation is through the not aobvious red of phenolsulfuric acid detection, flow velocity
1.5mL/min, then the ethanol gradient elution of the 0-100% with 460mL, are finally with 60mL anhydrous ethanol elutions, elution flow rate
1ml/min;The solution under elution is collected with distribution collector, collects 68 pipes altogether, then will be eluted according to concentration gradient
Curve is drawn;The eluent that concentration of alcohol is 72-82% is collected after Momordica charantial extracting solution B is purified, rotary evaporation removes
Ethanol, is made Momordica charantial extract C.
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CN107412546A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-12-01 | 百色学院 | A kind of method of Lilium lancifo1ium Thunb extraction saponin(e |
CN108586560B (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2020-07-17 | 汕头大学 | A two-aqueous-phase one-step extraction method of momordicoside and polysaccharide with blood glucose lowering activity |
CN109568200A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-04-05 | 浙江大学自贡创新中心 | A kind of method of ethyl alcohol-ammonium sulfate double-aqueous phase system separation and concentration asiaticoside |
CN113332325B (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2022-06-10 | 西北农林科技大学 | Bitter gourd total saponin prepared by ultrahigh pressure auxiliary method and purification method thereof |
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