CN106002131B - A kind of embedded alloy high-performance shearing dise knife and its processing method - Google Patents

A kind of embedded alloy high-performance shearing dise knife and its processing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106002131B
CN106002131B CN201610387464.1A CN201610387464A CN106002131B CN 106002131 B CN106002131 B CN 106002131B CN 201610387464 A CN201610387464 A CN 201610387464A CN 106002131 B CN106002131 B CN 106002131B
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dise knife
cutter
cutter ring
shearing
cutter hub
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CN106002131A (en
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张增明
杨威
谢敏
徐本富
张荣强
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MAANSHAN CITY HENGLIDA MACHINE BLADE CO Ltd
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MAANSHAN CITY HENGLIDA MACHINE BLADE CO Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B23P15/28—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools
    • B23P15/40—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools shearing tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D35/00—Tools for shearing machines or shearing devices; Holders or chucks for shearing tools
    • B23D35/001—Tools for shearing machines or shearing devices; Holders or chucks for shearing tools cutting members
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
    • C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
    • C22C29/08—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on tungsten carbide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of embedded alloy high-performance shearing dise knife and its processing methods, belong to tooling cost field.Shearing dise knife of the invention includes cutter ring and cutter hub, cutter ring is set with the outer circumference surface for being fixed on cutter hub, cutter hub uses spring steel material, cutter ring is made using powder metallurgy blank, and the raw material components of the powder metallurgy blank are by weight percentage are as follows: WC:80-82%, Co 15-17%, W, Ni, Cr3C2、VC、Mo2C, TaC 3-5%；The processing method of shearing dise knife of the invention is the following steps are included: the preparation of cutter ring raw material, the blank preparation of cutter ring, the roughing of cutter ring, the cutter hub preparation and roughing, the finishing inlayed and shear dise knife for shearing dise knife for shearing dise knife.Shearing dise knife prepared by the present invention further improves the service performances such as the hardness, wearability and toughness of blade from selection and processing technology, can satisfy user and cuts the requirement of hard plate material, and extends the service life of blade.

Description

A kind of embedded alloy high-performance shearing dise knife and its processing method
Technical field
The invention belongs to tooling cost fields, shear dise knife more specifically to a kind of embedded alloy high-performance Processing method.
Background technique
Sheet metal banding machine is longitudinal roller shear for common metal plate, aluminium sheet, stainless steel plate, silicon steel plate etc., Roller shears (longitudinal shearing slitting blade) are relied primarily on to roll on plate to complete to the endless shear action of plate.Currently, Roller shears are widely used to the industries such as space flight and aviation, automobile manufacture, mining machinery, hardware manufacture, household electrical appliances.
The roller shear cutter for cutting sheet metal is a most important ring in slitting, directly affects the cutting matter of sheet metal Amount, thus roller shears have to the wearability and impact resistance of the selection of blade itself, heat treatment process and blade it is high It is required that.Currently, cutter manufacturing enterprise selects a kind of alloy tool steel as the raw material of production blade mostly, component is by weight Percentages are as follows: C:1.45~1.70%；Si :≤0.40%；Mn :≤0.40%；S :≤0.030%；P :≤0.030%；Cr: 11.00~12.50%；Ni: allow residual content≤0.25%；Cu: allow residual content≤0.30%；V:0.15~ 0.30%；Mo:0.40~0.60%, remaining is Fe.Its production stage are as follows: (1) forge；(2) it anneals；(3) Vehicle Processing shapes, and Stay allowance for finish；(4) it quenches；(5) it is tempered；(6) it is finished by the technical requirements on drawing, the blade selection and processing Though technique is able to satisfy the cutting of common metal plate to a certain extent, when cutting aluminium sheet, stainless steel plate, silicon steel plate but simultaneously High-wearing feature and shock proof requirement cannot be reached, especially when service performance and service life of the user to blade propose high request When, it is difficult to reach by heat treatment method disclosed in the prior art.
With the fast development of industrial technology, mechanical manufacturing technology is widely used in every field, and requires more next It is higher, especially the requirement of machining accuracy is also increasingly stringenter.It is right in many cases, in order to meet the requirement to processing More stringent requirements are proposed for the performance of cutter.In order to cater to requirement of the processing industry to cutter, traditional cutting tool material by Steel alloy and high speed steel material gradually switch to cemented carbide material.Hard alloy main component is tungsten carbide (WC), general to use Cobalt does bonding phase, is produced using powder metallurgy process, has very high wearability and intensity.Its high-wearing feature makes it use the longevity Life improves 10~30 times, greatly improves productivity effect, reduces waste, reduce production cost, obtained industry Approve.But due to a lack of technology and crucial professional, the Development Level of China's hard alloy cutter is limited, so as to cause that can only open Occur to produce common hard alloy cutter, it is difficult to meet the processing request of cutting blade.When needing to process some pairs of quality requirements Import foreign countries cutter can only be relied on when higher product, it is difficult and expensive to repair knife so as to cause the later period.
Such as, Chinese patent application (application number 201310270044.1, Publication No. CN103305741A) discloses one kind The cemented carbide material of hard alloy, hard alloy knife bar and its manufacturing method, this application selects 80~90 mass parts of WC, 10~20 mass parts of cobalt, 0.15~0.5 mass parts of tantalum carbide, 0.2~0.4 mass parts of chromium carbide, 0.1~0.3 mass of vanadium carbide Part, forming agent selects the mixture of oleic acid, naphthane and ethyl cellulose, and the granularity of WC is 1.0~1.2 μm.But this method Due to the fine grained tungsten carbide using 1.0 μm~1.2 μm, the edge of a knife is easy to burst apart the hard alloy being prepared when in use.? There is technical staff to attempt to be mixed and matched with coarse granule and fine grained tungsten carbide, but tungsten carbide is easily caused to build up, crystal grain is grown up, pressed from both sides slightly Defect, therefore the cemented carbide material of cutting tool in the prior art is selected based on 4.0 μm~5.0 μm of tungsten carbide Want alloy raw material, although being effectively improved the problem of chipping, the edge of a knife is not sharp, cutting resistance is big, hardness is low, intolerant to Mill.
Chinese patent application (application number 201310485442.5, publication number CN103540823A) discloses a kind of hard conjunction Gold, the hard alloy include the hard alloy substrate of metal carbide powders and metal adhesive composition, further include coating, wherein Metal carbide powders select each component mass percent be tungsten carbide 40~50%, chromium carbide 3~8%, titanium carbide 5~9%, Vanadium carbide 5~10%, niobium carbide 2~5%, tantalum carbide 6~11%, metal adhesive select cobalt, mass percent be 12~ 18%, coating selects diamond CVO coating.The hard alloy of this application has the characteristics that high rigidity, high-wearing feature, cuts at a high speed Wear rate is lower when cutting, while also having good inoxidizability, heat resistance and chemical stability, is suitable for the high finishing of manufacture Cutter material, but the wetability between the hard alloy and matrix of this application is relatively poor, contained niobium carbide, carbonization Tantalum content is higher, and niobium carbide, tantalum carbide are all the very expensive rare metals of price, and the coating technology requirement of this application High, equipment valuableness, a coating apparatus need cost up to ten million, are not widely deployed for general enterprises.
Therefore, it is preferable that the service performances such as a kind of hardness, wearability and toughness are developed, can satisfy various plates The cutting requirement of material, and long service life, cheap, the hard alloy cutter promoted the use of suitable for enterprise processes row to China The development of industry is most important.
Summary of the invention
1. technical problems to be solved by the inivention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the quality of the existing cutting tool in China relatively poor, it is difficult to it satisfies the use demand, Import foreign countries cutter can only be relied on when processing some pairs of more demanding products of quality, repair knife difficulty and valence so as to cause the later period The deficiency of lattice valuableness provides a kind of embedded alloy high-performance shearing dise knife and its processing method.Use processing side of the invention Shearing dise knife hardness with higher, wearability and the toughness that method obtains, greatly improve the quality of China's cutter, It can satisfy the cutting requirement of various sheet metals, and extend the service life of blade, processing cost is lower, pushes away suitable for enterprise It is wide to use.
2. technical solution
In order to achieve the above objectives, technical solution provided by the invention are as follows:
A kind of embedded alloy high-performance of the invention shears dise knife, it is characterised in that: the shearing dise knife includes cutter ring and knife Body, the cutter ring is fixed on the outer circumference surface of cutter hub, and cutter hub uses spring steel material, and cutter ring uses powder metallurgy blank system , the raw material components of the powder metallurgy blank are by weight percentage are as follows: WC 80-82%, Co 15-17%, W, Ni, Cr3C2、 Mo2C, VC, TaC 3-5%.
Further, the cutter ring is by inlaying the outer circumference surface for being fixed on cutter hub, and spring steel used in cutter hub The component and quality proportioning of material are as follows: C:0.62-0.7%, Si:0.17-0.37%, S≤0.035%, Mn:0.9-1.2%, Cr :≤0.25%, P≤0.035%, Ni≤0.25%.
A kind of processing method of embedded alloy high-performance shearing dise knife of the invention, the steps include:
Step 1: the preparation of cutter ring raw material:
Cutter ring processing is weighed with the raw material of powder metallurgy blank by following mass percent: WC 80-82%, Co15-17%, W, Ni, Cr3C2、VC、Mo2C, TaC 3-5%；
Step 2: prepared by the blank of cutter ring:
Cutter ring processing powder metallurgy hair is obtained through wet-milling, compacting, sintering after each component weighed up in step 1 is mixed Base；
Step 3: the roughing of cutter ring:
Obtained cutter ring blank is subjected to roughing, and the surplus of reserved finishing；
Step 4: the cutter hub preparation and roughing of shearing dise knife:
Spring steel material forge molding and obtains the cutter hub of shearing dise knife, then carries out rough turn outer disk and interior Hole, and reserved allowance for finish；
Step 5: shearing dise knife is inlayed:
The cutter ring that step 3 obtains is fixed on the outer circumference surface of cutter hub obtained by step 4 as inlaying；
Step 6: the finishing of shearing dise knife:
Shearing dise knife after inlaying, which finishes, shears dise knife to get embedded alloy high-performance of the invention.
Further, the wet-milling in step 2 is that the raw material that will be weighed up are put into wet milk and grind 68-72 hours, wet Grinding media is absolute alcohol, and the mass ratio of alcohol and mixed powder is (3.5-4): 1.
Further, the compacting in step 2 is powder pressure using 500-630 tons of four column press that wet-milling is good Base is made, then blank is placed in vacuum sintering furnace and is sintered, cooling is carried out after sintering and obtains cutter ring processing powder Metallurgical blank.
Further, in step 3 cutter ring rough machined step are as follows: 1. roughly grind two 5.2 ± 0.1mm of plane, and plane Degree answers≤0.05mm；2. roughly grinding inner circle to 190 ± 0.01mm of φ.
Further, in step 4 cutter hub rough machined specific steps are as follows:
1. 202 ± 0.1mm of turning φ；
2. 12 ± 0.1mm of vehicle plane；
3. interior hole is to φ 98 ± 0.2 and chamfering；
4. lathe tool is justified in vitro to 190 ± 0.01mm of φ.
Further, the concrete operations that dise knife is inlayed are sheared in step 5: 1. by the cutter hub after step 4 roughing With alcohol wipe, be placed at -2~-5 DEG C and freeze 2~3 hours, when cutter hub outside diameter size shrinkage to 189.95~ Continue freezing when 189.97mm 2~3 hours；2. it will be heated to 180 after the alcohol washes of the cutter ring after step 3 roughing~ 240 DEG C and heat preservation 1~3 hour, when cutter ring inner hole is expanded to 190.03~190.06mm, continue heat preservation 2~3 hours；3. adopting Cutter ring is inlayed on the outer circumference surface for being fixed on cutter hub with organic bond, juxtaposition is kept 24~36 hours at room temperature.
Further, the organic bond is made of being reconciled as following component according to mass percent: poly- first Base acrylate powder 2~8%, glacial acetic acid 90-95%, dichloroethanes 2-5%, and the tensile strength of the organic bond is 2700-2900psi, elongation percentage 100%-120%.
Further, the step of being finished in step 6 are as follows:
1. roughly grinding two sides knife-edge plane to 10.2 ± 0.05mm；
2. refining inner hole φ 100+0.01 +0.03mm；
3. refining 10 ± 0.005mm of knife-edge plane；
4. roughly grinding outer circle to 200.2 ± 0.05mm；
5. fine cylindrical is to 200 ± 0.01mm of φ.
3. beneficial effect
Using technical solution provided by the invention, compared with prior art, there is following remarkable result:
(1) a kind of embedded alloy high-performance of the invention shears dise knife, including cutter ring and cutter hub, and cutter ring suit is fixed on knife The outer circumference surface of body, and cutter hub uses common spring steel material, cutter ring uses the hard alloy produced through powder metallurgical technique Material saved manufacturing cost, while but also with hard so that shearing dise knife has both had the cheap and toughness of spring steel The excellent performance of the high-wearing feature of matter alloy, shearing dise knife hardness with higher, wearability and toughness of the invention, The quality of China's cutter is greatly improved, can satisfy the demand of the hard plate materials such as cutting stainless steel plate, silicon steel plate, and is processed Cost is relatively low, convenient for promoting the use of.
(2) processing method of a kind of embedded alloy high-performance of the invention shearing dise knife, by hard alloy cutter ring Starting components optimize, and so that the synergistic effect between each component is obtained best performance, to both overcome existing Hard alloy cutter brittleness due to carbide content is higher is larger, the deficiency of brittle failure easily occurs in use process, while again can Effectively avoid cutter hardness, wearability when carbide content is lower relatively poor, the shorter problem of service life can guarantee Hardness, wearability and the toughness of final gained cutter realize good matching, meet requirement.The present invention is also by hard Alloy cutter ring carries out powder metallurgy processing, further ensures the service performance of final gained shearing dise knife.
(3) processing method of a kind of embedded alloy high-performance of the invention shearing dise knife, since its cutter ring is closed using hard Golden material, cutter hub use spring steel material, and the performance difference of two kinds of materials is larger, therefore how to guarantee to tie between cutter ring and cutter hub The fastness of conjunction prevents in use process cutter ring to split away off from cutter hub and is to ensure that the shearing dise knife normal use needs to solve Critical issue.The present invention is optimized by the composition proportion of the operating procedure and organic binder inlayed to shearing dise knife and is set Meter, to ensure that the firm connection of cutter ring and cutter hub.
(4) processing method of a kind of embedded alloy high-performance of the invention shearing dise knife, after roughing and finishing Roller shears there is the two-sided edge of a knife to improve the utilization rate of roller shears to extend the service life of roller shears, by original single Piece is cut 200 tons or less sheet metals and is improved to more than 800 tons of sheet metals.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of hard alloy cutter ring sintering sintering furnace in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram that a kind of embedded alloy high-performance of the invention shears dise knife.
Label declaration in schematic diagram:
1, sintering furnace body；2, insulating layer；3, heater；4, graphite inner container；5, main vacuum manifold；501, the first high vacuum Butterfly valve；6, dewax pipeline；601, the second high vacuum butterfly valve；701, level-one mends wax device；702, second level mends wax device；703, three-level mends wax Device；8, wax storage；9, high-thermal conductive metal ring；10, bracket；101, suspension arm；11, bellows；12, sliding valve vacuum pump；13, knife Circle；14, cutter hub.
Specific embodiment
To further appreciate that the contents of the present invention, now in conjunction with drawings and examples, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Fig. 2, a kind of embedded alloy high-performance of the present embodiment shears dise knife, including cutter ring 13 and cutter hub 14, institute The outer circumference surface that the cutter ring 13 stated is fixed on cutter hub 14 by inlaying directly suit.The cutter hub 14 of the present embodiment uses spring steel Material, the component and quality proportioning of spring steel material used are as follows: C:0.62-0.7%, Si:0.17-0.37%, S≤0.035%, Mn:0.9-1.2%, Cr :≤0.25%, P≤0.035%, Ni≤0.25%.The cutter ring 13 uses powder metallurgy blank system , the raw material components of the powder metallurgy blank are by weight percentage are as follows: WC 80%, Co 17%, W, Ni, Cr3C2、VC、 Mo2C, TaC 3%, wherein Cr3C2、VC、Mo2C, the mass percent of TaC, Ni and W be respectively 0.5%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.4%, 0.1%, 1%.Two are set by cutter ring 13 and cutter hub 14 respectively according to the handling characteristics of shearing dise knife and requirement The different material of kind, and raw material components are optimized, so that the height that shearing dise knife had both had hard alloy is hard The excellent performance of degree, high-wearing feature, while but also with the cheap of spring steel, tough sexual clorminance greatly reduces manufacturing cost, just It is promoted the use of in enterprise.
Due to being mainly that cutter ring plays a role in cutter use process, the performance of gained cutter ring is for entirely shearing circle The service performance and service life of knife are most important.Existing hard alloy cutter is in order to guarantee hardness with higher and wear-resisting Property, usually realized by improving the content of WC, it is larger so as to cause the brittleness of cutter, it is existing that brittle failure easily occurs in use As；And when WC content is relatively low, the hardness and wearability of cutter are then difficult to meet requirement.The present embodiment passes through to hard The starting components and proportion of matter alloy cutter ring optimize, and the synergistic effect between each component is made to obtain best hair It waves, to both overcome, existing hard alloy cutter brittleness due to carbide content is higher was larger, it is crisp easily to occur in use process Disconnected deficiency, while can effectively avoid cutter hardness, wearability when carbide content is lower relatively poor again, service life Shorter problem can guarantee that hardness, wearability and the toughness of final gained cutter realize good matching, meet use and want It asks.Specifically, the present embodiment suitably reduces the content of WC, pass through Cr3C2, VC, TaC and Mo2The addition of C compensates for shearing circle The reduction of the hardness and wearability of knife, and by the mutual cooperation of these types of carbide, cutter ring blank can be reduced in powder metallurgy The sensibility that alloy fluctuates sintering temperature in process and the sensibility to carbon amounts variation, effectively prevent carbide grain Unevenly grow up, by the ingredient of the also changeable alloy phase of the cooperation of each component, so as to improve the structure and property of hard alloy Energy.In addition, passing through addition Cr in the present embodiment3C2, VC the cutting ability of hard alloy can be improved, can be improved firmly by adding TaC The antioxygenic property of matter alloy improves the wearability of alloy significantly, and can improve Binder Phase Co by adding a small amount of W and Ni To the relative wettability of carbide, W is added in the alloy can be improved the effect of Binder Phase, keep material tissue even closer, thus Improve the wearability and thump toughness of cutter ring.It is worth noting that inventor has found according to lot of experiments, pass through control W, Ni, Cr in cutter ring raw material processed3C2、VC、Mo2The sum of mass percent of C and TaC is 3-5%, and Cr3C2、VC、Mo2C、TaC And the mass percent of W is respectively 0.3-0.5%, 0.2-0.4%, 0.6-2.0%, 0.4-0.6%, 1-2.5%, the quality of Ni Percentage≤0.3%, so as to guarantee that the hardness, wearability and impact flexibility of cutter ring are all satisfied requirement.
The processing method of the above-mentioned embedded alloy high-performance shearing dise knife of the present embodiment, the steps include:
Step 1: the preparation of cutter ring raw material:
13 processing of cutter ring is weighed by mass percentage with the raw material of powder metallurgy blank: WC 80-82%, Co15-17%, W, Ni, Cr3C2、VC、Mo2C, TaC 3-5%；
Step 2: prepared by the blank of cutter ring:
It is put into wet milk after each component weighed up in step 1 is mixed and carries out wet-milling, wet grinding media is alcohol, and wine The mass ratio of essence and mixed powder is 3.5:1, and the wet-milling time is 68 hours, and deflation one in every 24 hours in wet milk use process It is secondary, to guarantee wet-milling effect, mixture is made to be sufficiently mixed the uniformity that uniformly ensure that subsequent 13 performance of gained cutter ring.It is wet After mill, mixture is dried in vacuo and is pelletized, is then pressed into mixture using 600 tons of four column press Blank is finally placed in vacuum sintering furnace and is sintered by base, and cooling is carried out after sintering and obtains cutter ring processing powder Metallurgical blank.Above-mentioned mixture is vacuum dried and after pelletizing, and in 100 mesh or so, apparent density control exists for material size control 3.9g/cm2, so as to effectively inhibit crystal grain during sintering to grow up, guarantee that the grain size of gained hard alloy cutter is full Foot cutting requires, and helps to ensure that the compactness of blank after sintering simultaneously, prevents occurring hole and Tissue distribution in blank not Uniformly, be conducive to meet the requirements the comprehensive performance for preparing cutter.
Inventor has found that the sintering process of compression moulding blank can make porous blank dewaxing, shrink in process Densification becomes the product with certain tissue and respective performances, metallographic structure and carbide cutter tool of the sintering process to final product The service performances such as hardness, the wearability of tool are most important.For example, being sintered using existing sintering process, gained powder metallurgy Easily there is hole in the metallographic structure of blank, easily occurs notch in following process so as to cause cutter ring 13, and work as sintering process Parameter selection at that time, does not easily cause hard alloy physical function parameter not up to standard, and Ms point is higher, thus make the reduction of cutter ring hardness, It is difficult to meet requirement.Therefore, inventor is optimized by sintering process of many experiments to hard alloy cutter ring. In the present embodiment, the sintering process of cutter ring blank is as follows:
(1) room temperature~450 DEG C, the stage belong to dewaxing stage, due to usually requiring to add in cutter ring blank pressing process Enter suitable paraffin, and these paraffin do not have any influence to the inside quality of final products, it is therefore desirable in sintering process First paraffin is removed.If removal methods are improper or paraffin removing is not clean, remaining paraffin will be attached to insulating layer and furnace wall Upper generation corrosion, to influence the service performance of sintering furnace, and remaining paraffin follow-up sintering process can be with carbon or its chemical combination The form of object is present in product, to influence the total carbon control of product.Therefore, inventor passes through many experiments and production warp It tests, the sintering process in the stage is optimized, to ensure that the removal effect to paraffin gas in sintering furnace.Specifically , the sintering process for controlling the present embodiment dewaxing stage is as follows: room temperature~320 DEG C, and control heating time is 75min；320~ 370 DEG C, control heating time is 30min；Then heat preservation 120min is carried out in 370 DEG C；370~450 DEG C, control heating time be 60min；Finally 53min is kept the temperature at 450 DEG C.When dewaxing stage brings into operation, it is passed through argon gas into sintering furnace, and by argon gas stream Amount control is in 0.25M3Between/h, so as to be further ensured that the removal effect of paraffin gas, guarantee the complete removing of paraffin.This Outside, 370~450 DEG C of stages belong to a large amount of dewaxing periods, and blade is easily cracked when this section heats, therefore the stage Dewaxing effect will have a direct impact on the quality of blade, and inventor is according to experimental studies results and the practical experience of many years, to the Duan Sheng Warm rate and soaking time control effectively, and so as to effectively prevent cracking, guarantee the quality of blade.
(2) 450~final sintering temperature: the stage belongs to the high-vacuum sintering stage, take out by main vacuum manifold 5 true Sky, within the vacuum degree≤80Pa for controlling this stage, and the specific sintering process in the stage is as follows: 450~800 DEG C, control plus The hot time is 110min；800~1200 DEG C, control heating time is 110min, then keeps the temperature 45min at 1200 DEG C；1200 ~1350 DEG C, control heating time is 50min, then keeps the temperature 20min at 1350 DEG C；1350 DEG C~final temperature, control adds The hot time is 22min, and the specific value of final sintering temperature is 1395 DEG C according to the component and burden control of raw material, finally in most 33min is sintered under whole sintering temperature.
(3) after being sintered, first natural cooling is vacuumized with slide valve pump, when temperature drops to 1200 DEG C, adjusts rotor stream Ar throughput is adjusted to maximum by meter, fills Ar gas toward burner hearth, and when being cooled to 800 DEG C, fire door cylinder is opened, and starts fast cold wind Machine is rapidly cooled blank, and controls furnace pressure in 10MPa.
Using the sintering process of the present embodiment, it can effectively ensure that the compactness and uniformity of blank after sintering, make hard The service performances such as hardness, the wearability of alloy cutter ring are all satisfied requirement, and effectively overcome the metallographic structure of powder metallurgy blank In easily there is hole, easily occur the deficiency of notch in following process so as to cause cutter ring.In addition, to sintering furnace in sintering process The removal effect of interior paraffin is also preferable, to ensure that the service performance of sintering furnace and gained blank.
In order to further ensure the uniformity and dewaxing, benefit wax effect that blank is sintered in sintering furnace, the present embodiment is to burning Design is optimized in the structure of freezing of a furnace.As shown in Figure 1, the sintering furnace of the present embodiment includes sintering furnace body 1, sintering furnace body 1 inside ecto-entad is successively arranged insulating layer 2 and heater 3, graphite inner container 4 is equipped with inside the heater 3, by base to be sintered Material, which is placed in graphite inner container 4, to be sintered, and so as to effectively avoid heater 3 from directly carrying out heat radiation, prevents blank heated Unevenly, there are temperature gradients, and there is a phenomenon where edge dusting, to ensure that the sintering quality of cutter.Above-mentioned graphite inner container 4 It is connected by dewaxing pipeline 6 with wax apparatus is mended, argon gas is passed through into sintering furnace as carrier gas, so as to which blank is sintered The paraffin gas generated in journey is discharged by dewaxing pipeline 6, and can make sintering furnace is inside and outside to form pressure difference by carrier gas dewaxing, is had Conducive to the unification for guaranteeing furnace atmosphere, blank sintering character is further made to keep uniform.Be in the present embodiment in graphite inner container 4 and Corresponding sintering furnace body 1, insulating layer 2 and 3 bottom of heater are corresponding to open up the duct passed through for dewaxing pipeline 6, the ruler in duct The very little outer radial with dewaxing pipeline 6 matches, and dewaxing pipeline 6 is directly protruding into inside graphite inner container 4, so as to effectively avoid stone Wax gas spreads outward to sintering furnace body 1 by graphite inner container 4, is bonded on furnace shell surface, and further ensure in graphite The unification of atmosphere in gallbladder 4.
In the present embodiment, also it is connected by main vacuum manifold 5 with lobe pump inside the sintering furnace body 1, so as to Sintering furnace is vacuumized by lobe pump, guarantees that the vacuum degree inside sintering furnace body 1 is met the requirements, to guarantee to be sintered Quality.Above-mentioned main vacuum manifold 5 is equipped with the first high vacuum butterfly valve 501, and dewaxing pipeline 6 is equipped with the second high vacuum butterfly valve 601, So as to be opened, closed to vacuumizing in sintering furnace and de-waxing gas process.
The wall of the benefit wax apparatus of the present embodiment is using jacket structured, and collet is connected with cold and hot water supply apparatus, from And can control the working condition for mending wax apparatus, guarantee that it mends wax effect.In sintering furnace in dewaxing process, gradually volatilize in blank Paraffin steam, slide valve pump draft and auxiliary gases argon under the action of, by dewax pipeline 6 continuously bring benefit wax into Device, control cold and hot water supply apparatus supply cold water into the collet for mending wax apparatus, paraffin gas are cooled down and solidified, thus Supplementary set is carried out to paraffin.It is also filled with high-thermal conductive metal ring 9 inside above-mentioned benefit wax apparatus, which can select copper ring or aluminium The high-thermal conductive metal ring 9 of ring, the present embodiment uses metal copper ring, and gap of the paraffin gas across becket is cooled down, from And the cooling of paraffin gas can be further speeded up, and increase heat transfer contact area of the paraffin gas in same paraffin device, extend stone Stop and cooling time of the wax gas in same paraffin device are prevented since air-flow flowing is too fast, and paraffin gas has little time to be cooled down And with air-flow direct emission, cause paraffin gas to capture incomplete.
In order to further ensure mend wax it is complete, the benefits wax apparatus of the present embodiment include be sequentially connected level-one benefit wax device 701, Second level mend wax device 702 and three-level mend wax device 703 (it is worth noting that the number for mending wax device is not limited to three, specific number Can be set according to actual needs), wherein level-one mends wax device 701 and second level mends and is filled with high-thermal conductive metal in wax device 702 Ring 9, three-level, which is mended, is free of high-thermal conductive metal ring 9 inside wax device 703.The level-one mends wax device 701 and uses horizontal type structure, and second level mends wax Device 702 uses vertical structure, and level-one mends the bottom of wax device 701 equipped with wax hole is gone out, and should go out wax hole and pass through pipeline and 8 phase of wax storage Even, so as to so that level-one mends wax device 701 and second level mends the liquid paraffin condensed in wax device 702 and enters storage by going out wax hole Wax tank 8, to be stored to paraffin.Second level is mended inside wax device 702 along central shaft to being equipped with bracket 10, and high along bracket 10 It spends direction and is equipped with alternatively distributed suspension arm 101, the high-thermal conductive metal ring 9 hangs on the suspension arm 101, suspension arm Angle between 101 and bracket 10 can be processed as 30-70 ° according to the actual situation, be 30 ° in the present embodiment, so as to improve two Grade mends the circulation situation of 702 interior air-flow of wax device, convenient for the capture of paraffin gas, substantially increases it and captures effect, guarantee paraffin gas It has been captured substantially after level-one mends wax device 701 and second level mends wax device 702.The three-level mend wax device 703 by pipeline with Sliding valve vacuum pump 12 is connected, and since the paraffin Gas content for entering three-level benefit wax device 703 is less, three-level is mended in wax device 703 Without filling high-thermal conductive metal ring 9.By above three mend wax device setting can guarantee mend wax it is complete, prevent paraffin steam into Enter vacuum pump, pollutes vacuum pump, the draft of vacuum pump is caused to decline.Three-level mends wax device 703 and sliding valve vacuum pump in the present embodiment Connecting pipe between 12 is equipped with bellows 11, so as to effectively prevent above-mentioned connecting pipe to shake with vacuum pump 12 It falls off in the process.
After dewaxing stage, control cold and hot water supply apparatus hot-water supply into the collet for mending wax apparatus starts pair Wax device wax melting is caught, the wax melting time is 130min, so as to effectively prevent next blow-on that stifled wax phenomenon occurs, guarantees to mend wax effect Fruit.
Step 3: the roughing of cutter ring:
Obtained powder metallurgy blank is subjected to roughing, and the surplus of reserved finishing.Cutter ring 13 in the present embodiment Rough machined step are as follows: 1. roughly grind two 5.2 ± 0.1mm of plane, and flatness answers≤0.05mm；2. roughly grind inner circle to φ 190 ± 0.01mm。
Step 4: the cutter hub preparation and roughing of shearing dise knife:
Spring steel material forge forming and obtains the cutter hub 14 of shearing dise knife, then carries out roughing, and reserved essence Machining allowance.The rough machined specific steps of cutter hub 14 in the present embodiment are as follows: 1. 202 ± 0.1mm of turning φ；2. vehicle plane 12 ±0.1mm；3. interior hole is to φ 98 ± 0.2 and chamfering；4. lathe tool is justified in vitro to 190 ± 0.01mm of φ.
Step 5: shearing dise knife is inlayed:
The cutter ring 13 that step 3 obtains is fixed on the outer circumference surface of cutter hub 14 obtained by step 4 as inlaying.This implementation The concrete operations that shearing dise knife is inlayed in example are as follows: 1. by the alcohol wipe of cutter hub 14 after step 4 roughing, be placed in -2 Freezed 2 hours at DEG C, continue when cutter hub 14 outside diameter size shrinkage to 189.95~189.97mm freezing 3 it is small when；2. will It is heated to 180 DEG C after the alcohol washes of cutter ring 13 after step 3 roughing and keeps the temperature 3 hours, when 13 inner hole of cutter ring is expanded to When 190.03~190.06mm, continue heat preservation 2 hours；3. cutter ring 13 is inlayed using organic bond be fixed on the outer of cutter hub 14 On periphery, juxtaposition is kept 24 hours at room temperature, to realize combining closely for cutter ring 13 and cutter hub 14.Organic knot Mixture is made of being reconciled as following component according to mass percent: poly-methyl acrylate powder 8%, glacial acetic acid 95%, two Chloroethanes 5%, and the tensile strength of the organic bond is 2700psi, elongation percentage 100%%.
It should also be noted that, requirement of the present invention according to blade, is respectively adopted hard for cutter ring 13 and cutter hub 14 Alloy and spring steel material to not only meet the requirement to shearing edge hardness, wearability and impact flexibility, but also improve The plasticity of blade cutter hub and antifatigue impact property prevent that brittle failure and deformation occur in blade use process, and significantly reduce Production cost.But since cutter ring 13 is different from 14 material of cutter hub, the performance difference of two kinds of materials is larger, therefore cutter ring 13 and knife The junction of body 14 is the weakness for shearing dise knife, and brittle failure or obscission easily occur for its junction under impact force action, Therefore how to guarantee the fastness combined between cutter ring 13 and cutter hub 14, prevent under cutter ring 13 falls off from cutter hub in use process To be to ensure that the shearing dise knife normal use needs the critical issue that solves.
In order to guarantee the fastness combined between cutter ring 13 and cutter hub 14, the present embodiment is on the one hand by cutter ring 13 and knife The raw materials used component of body 14 and proportion optimize, to improve the compatibility between cutter ring 13 and cutter hub 14, separately On the one hand design is optimized in the operating procedure also inlayed to shearing dise knife, i.e., heats to cutter ring 13, to cutter hub 14 carry out freezing processing, match the outer diameter realization of the hole size and cutter hub 14 of cutter ring 13 preferably, and utilize heat expansion Shrinkage principle, so as to guarantee fitting closely for cutter ring 13 and cutter hub 14 at room temperature, and cutter ring 13 and 14 size of cutter hub are more Stablize, be not susceptible to change in size in use, prevents the generation for loosening phenomenon caused by being used for a long time.In addition, organic Fastness that the type of bonding agent combines cutter ring 13 with cutter hub 14, stability are most important, and inventor passes through a large number of experiments It studies and design is also optimized to the component and proportion of organic bond, by selecting the organic bond of the present embodiment, energy It is enough further ensured that the fastness that cutter ring 13 is combined with cutter hub 14, prevents the generation of 13 obscission of cutter ring in use process, and The compatibility of the organic bond and hard alloy cutter ring and spring steel cutter hub is preferable, helps to make up cutter ring 13 and cutter hub 14 Between performance difference, so as to effectively prevent cutter ring 13 and 14 junction of cutter hub that brittle failure phenomenon, the selection of the bonding agent occurs It can also ensure that the combination between cutter ring 13 and cutter hub 14 is not influenced by external environments such as temperature.
Step 6: the finishing of shearing dise knife:
Shearing dise knife after inlaying, which finishes, shears dise knife to get the embedded alloy high-performance of the present embodiment.This The specific steps of dise knife finishing are sheared in embodiment are as follows: 1. roughly grind the edge of a knife two side plane to 10.2 ± 0.05mm；2. in fine grinding Hole φ 100+0.01 +0.03mm；3. refining 10 ± 0.005mm of knife-edge plane；4. roughly grinding outer circle to 200.2 ± 0.05mm；5. fine grinding is outer Justify to 200 ± 0.01mm of φ.
The shearing dise knife while hardness, wearability and toughness with higher of the present embodiment, greatly improve The quality of China's cutter can satisfy the demand of the hard plate materials such as cutting stainless steel plate, silicon steel plate, improve the use of blade Rate extends the service life of blade, and overcome that the existing hard alloy cutter quality in China is relatively poor simultaneously and cost compared with It is high, it is difficult to the deficiency of popularization and use.As shown in table 1, for the present embodiment shearing dise knife and existing shearing dise knife (Cr12MoV, W6Mo5Cr4V2 cutting Contrast on effect data), as can be seen from the data in the table, the monolithic cutting of the shearing dise knife of the present embodiment Tonnage is cut 200 tons or less sheet metals by the monolithic of existing shearing dise knife and is improved to more than 800 tons of sheet metals, to stainless steel The cutting effect of the hard plate materials such as plate, silicon steel plate is preferable, can satisfy the processing request of China's cutting blade, helps avoid The phenomenon that China relies primarily on import foreign countries cutter at present to process some pairs of quality more demanding products.
The cutting Contrast on effect of the shearing dise knife of 1 embodiment 1 of table and existing shearing dise knife
Embodiment 2
A kind of embedded alloy high-performance of the present embodiment shears dise knife, including cutter ring 13 and cutter hub 14, the cutter ring 13 It is fixed on the outer circumference surface of cutter hub 14.It is to process two L-type circular steps in the outer circumference surface of cutter hub 14 in the present embodiment, It is fixed on L-type circular step by inlaying for two cutter rings 13 to be set with, to process the shearing with the two-sided edge of a knife Dise knife.The cutter hub 14 of the present embodiment uses spring steel material, the component and quality proportioning of spring steel material used are as follows: C:0.62- 0.7%, Si:0.17-0.37%, S≤0.035%, Mn:0.9-1.2%, Cr :≤0.25%, P≤0.035%, Ni≤ 0.25%.The cutter ring 1 is made using powder metallurgy blank, and the raw material components of the powder metallurgy blank are by weight percentage Are as follows: WC 82%, Co 15%, W, Ni, Cr3C2、VC、Mo2C, TaC 3%, wherein Cr3C2、VC、Mo2C, the matter of TaC, Ni and W Measuring percentage is respectively 0.3%, 0.2%, 0.8%, 0.6%, 0.1%, 1%.
The processing method of the above-mentioned embedded alloy high-performance shearing dise knife of the present embodiment, the steps include:
Step 1: the preparation of cutter ring raw material:
13 processing of cutter ring is required to weigh by mass percentage with the raw material of powder metallurgy blank；
Step 2: prepared by the blank of cutter ring:
It is put into wet milk after each component weighed up in step 1 is mixed and carries out wet-milling, wet grinding media is alcohol, and wine The mass ratio of essence and all raw material is 3.7:1, and the wet-milling time is 70 hours, and every 22 hours in wet milk use process deflate Once, to guarantee wet-milling effect, mixture is made to be sufficiently mixed the uniformity that uniformly ensure that subsequent 13 performance of gained cutter ring. After wet-milling, mixture is dried in vacuo and is pelletized, then powder using 550 tons of four column press that ball milling is good It is pressed into base, finally blank is placed in vacuum sintering furnace and is sintered, cooling is carried out after sintering and obtains cutter ring processing powder Last metallurgy blank.In the present embodiment mixture it is vacuum dried and pelletize after, material size control in 110 mesh or so, pine fills close Degree control is in 4g/cm2。
In the present embodiment, the sintering process of cutter ring blank is as follows:
(1) room temperature~450 DEG C, the stage belong to dewaxing stage, specifically, control the present embodiment dewaxing stage is sintered Journey is as follows: room temperature~320 DEG C, and control heating time is 85min；320~370 DEG C, control heating time is 28min；Then in 370 DEG C carry out heat preservation 115min；370~450 DEG C, control heating time is 55min；Finally 57min is kept the temperature at 450 DEG C.It is de- When the wax stage brings into operation, argon gas is passed through into sintering furnace, and argon flow is controlled in 0.4M3Between/h, so as into One step guarantees the removal effect of paraffin gas, guarantees the complete removing of paraffin.
(2) 450~final sintering temperature: the stage belongs to the high-vacuum sintering stage, take out by main vacuum manifold 5 true Sky, within the vacuum degree≤80Pa for controlling this stage, and the specific sintering process in the stage is as follows: 450~800 DEG C, control plus The hot time is 115min；800~1200 DEG C, control heating time is 108min, then keeps the temperature 38min at 1200 DEG C；1200 ~1350 DEG C, control heating time is 52min, then keeps the temperature 27min at 1350 DEG C；1350 DEG C~final temperature, control adds The hot time is 20min, and the specific value of final sintering temperature is 1400 DEG C according to the component and burden control of raw material, finally in most 38min is sintered under whole sintering temperature.
(3) after being sintered, first natural cooling is vacuumized with slide valve pump, when temperature drops to 1200 DEG C, adjusts rotor stream Ar throughput is adjusted to maximum by meter, fills Ar gas toward burner hearth, and when being cooled to 800 DEG C, fire door cylinder is opened, and starts fast cold wind Machine is rapidly cooled blank, and controls furnace pressure in 5MPa.
Substantially with embodiment 1, difference is the structure of the sintering furnace of the present embodiment: level-one mends wax device 701 and second level is mended Metal aluminium ring is filled in wax device 702, and the angle that second level is mended in wax device 702 between suspension arm 101 and bracket 10 is preferably 60 °, to ensure that second level mends the best benefit wax effect of wax device 702.After dewaxing stage, cold and hot water supply apparatus is controlled The hot-water supply into the collet for mending wax apparatus starts to wax device wax melting is caught, and the wax melting time is 135min, so as to effectively prevent Stifled wax phenomenon occurs for next blow-on, guarantees to mend wax effect.
Step 3: the roughing of cutter ring:
Obtained powder metallurgy blank is subjected to roughing, and the surplus of reserved finishing.Cutter ring 13 in the present embodiment Rough machined step are as follows: 1. roughly grind two 5.2 ± 0.1mm of plane, and flatness answers≤0.05mm；2. roughly grind inner circle to φ 190 ± 0.01mm。
Step 4: the cutter hub preparation and roughing of shearing dise knife:
Spring steel material forge forming and obtains the cutter hub 14 of shearing dise knife, then carries out roughing, and reserved essence Machining allowance.The rough machined specific steps of cutter hub 14 in the present embodiment are as follows: 1. 202 ± 0.1mm of turning φ；2. vehicle plane 12 ±0.1mm；3. interior hole is to φ 98 ± 0.2 and chamfering；4. the external periphery upper annular step of lathe tool is to 190 ± 0.01mm of φ.
Step 5: shearing dise knife is inlayed:
The ring-type that the cutter ring 13 that step 3 obtains is fixed on 14 outer circumference surface of cutter hub obtained by step 4 as inlaying suit On step.The concrete operations that dise knife is inlayed are sheared in the present embodiment are as follows: the cutter hub 14 after step 4 roughing is 1. used into alcohol Wiping, is placed at -4 DEG C and freezes 3 hours, when the outer diameter shrinkage of 14 upper annular step of cutter hub is to 189.95~189.97mm Shi Jixu is freezed 2 hours；2. 200 DEG C will be heated to after the alcohol washes of cutter ring 13 after step 3 roughing and heat preservation 2 is small When, when 13 inner hole of cutter ring is expanded to 190.03~190.06mm, continue heat preservation 3 hours；3. using organic bond by cutter ring 13 inlay and are fixed on the outer circumference surface of 14 upper annular step of cutter hub, and juxtaposition is kept 25 hours at room temperature, to realize cutter ring With combining closely for cutter hub.The organic bond is made of being reconciled as following component according to mass percent: poly- methyl Acrylate powder 6%, glacial acetic acid 92%, dichloroethanes 4%, and the tensile strength of the organic bond is 2800psi, is extended Rate is 110%.
Step 6: the finishing of shearing dise knife:
The embedded alloy high-performance shearing that shearing dise knife after inlaying in step 5 finishes to get the present embodiment Dise knife.The specific steps of dise knife finishing are sheared in the present embodiment are as follows: 1. roughly grind two sides knife-edge plane to 10.2 ± 0.05mm；② Refine inner hole φ 100+0.01 +0.03mm；3. refining 10 ± 0.005mm of knife-edge plane；4. roughly grinding outer circle to 200.2 ± 0.05mm；⑤ Fine cylindrical is to 200 ± 0.01mm of φ.Shearing dise knife manufactured in the present embodiment has the two-sided edge of a knife, further extends blade Service life, and the service performance of gained shearing dise knife is slightly better than embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
A kind of embedded alloy high-performance of the present embodiment shears dise knife, close with embodiment 1, and difference is: this implementation The raw material components of the cutter ring blank of example are by weight percentage are as follows: WC 80%, Co 15%, W, Ni, Cr3C2、VC、Mo2C、TaC 5%, wherein Cr3C2、VC、Mo2C, the mass percent of TaC, Ni and W be respectively 0.4%, 0.3%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.3%, 2.5%.
The processing method of the above-mentioned embedded alloy high-performance shearing dise knife of the present embodiment, the steps include:
Step 1: the preparation of cutter ring raw material:
13 processing of cutter ring is required to weigh by mass percentage with the raw material of powder metallurgy blank；
Step 2: prepared by the blank of cutter ring:
It is put into wet milk after each component weighed up in step 1 is mixed and carries out wet-milling, wet grinding media is alcohol, and wine The mass ratio of essence and all raw material is 4:1, and the wet-milling time is 72 hours, and deflation one in every 20 hours in wet milk use process It is secondary, to guarantee wet-milling effect, mixture is made to be sufficiently mixed the uniformity that uniformly ensure that subsequent 13 performance of gained cutter ring.It is wet After mill, mixture is dried in vacuo and is pelletized, then powder pressure using 500 tons of four column press that ball milling is good Base is made, finally blank is placed in vacuum sintering furnace and is sintered, cooling is carried out after sintering and obtains cutter ring processing powder Metallurgical blank.In the present embodiment mixture it is vacuum dried and pelletize after, material size control in 130 mesh or so, apparent density Control is in 4.2g/cm2。
In the present embodiment, the sintering process of cutter ring blank is as follows:
(1) room temperature~450 DEG C, the stage belong to dewaxing stage, specifically, control the present embodiment dewaxing stage is sintered Journey is as follows: room temperature~320 DEG C, and control heating time is 95min；320~370 DEG C, control heating time is 25min；Then in 370 DEG C carry out heat preservation 110min；370~450 DEG C, control heating time is 50min；Finally 50min is kept the temperature at 450 DEG C.It is de- When the wax stage brings into operation, argon gas is passed through into sintering furnace, and argon flow is controlled in 0.5M3Between/h, so as into One step guarantees the removal effect of paraffin gas, guarantees the complete removing of paraffin.
(2) 450~final sintering temperature: the stage belongs to the high-vacuum sintering stage, take out by main vacuum manifold 5 true Sky, within the vacuum degree≤80Pa for controlling this stage, and the specific sintering process in the stage is as follows: 450~800 DEG C, control plus The hot time is 120min；800~1200 DEG C, control heating time is 100min, then keeps the temperature 35min at 1200 DEG C；1200 ~1350 DEG C, control heating time is 57min, then keeps the temperature 30min at 1350 DEG C；1350 DEG C~final temperature, control adds The hot time is 18min, and the specific value of final sintering temperature is 1380 DEG C according to the component and burden control of raw material, finally in most 33min is sintered under whole sintering temperature.
(3) after being sintered, first natural cooling is vacuumized with slide valve pump, when temperature drops to 1200 DEG C, adjusts rotor stream Ar throughput is adjusted to maximum by meter, fills Ar gas toward burner hearth, and when being cooled to 800 DEG C, fire door cylinder is opened, and starts fast cold wind Machine is rapidly cooled blank, and controls furnace pressure in 1MPa.
Substantially with embodiment 1, difference is the structure of the sintering furnace of the present embodiment: level-one mends wax device 701 and second level is mended Metal aluminium ring is filled in wax device 702, and the angle that second level is mended in wax device 702 between suspension arm 101 and bracket 10 is 45 °. After dewaxing stage, control cold and hot water supply apparatus hot-water supply into the collet for mending wax apparatus starts to melt to catching wax device Wax, wax melting time are 140min, so as to effectively prevent next blow-on that stifled wax phenomenon occurs, guarantee to mend wax effect.
Step 3: the roughing of cutter ring:
Obtained powder metallurgy blank is subjected to roughing, and the surplus of reserved finishing.Cutter ring 13 in the present embodiment Rough machined step are as follows: 1. roughly grind two 5.2 ± 0.1mm of plane, and flatness answers≤0.05mm；2. roughly grind inner circle to φ 190 ± 0.01mm。
Step 4: the cutter hub preparation and roughing of shearing dise knife:
Spring steel material forge forming and obtains the cutter hub 14 of shearing dise knife, then carries out roughing, and reserved essence Machining allowance.The rough machined specific steps of cutter hub 14 in the present embodiment are as follows: 1. 202 ± 0.1mm of turning φ；2. vehicle plane 12 ±0.1mm；3. interior hole is to φ 98 ± 0.2 and chamfering；4. lathe tool is justified to φ to 190 ± 0.01mm in vitro.
Step 5: shearing dise knife is inlayed:
The cutter ring 13 that step 3 obtains is fixed on the outer circumference surface of cutter hub 14 obtained by step 4 as inlaying.This implementation The concrete operations that shearing dise knife is inlayed in example are as follows: 1. by the alcohol wipe of cutter hub 14 after step 4 roughing, be placed in -5 Freezed 3 hours at DEG C, continue when cutter hub 14 outside diameter shrinkage to 189.95~189.97mm freezing 2 it is small when；2. will be through step It is heated to 220 DEG C after the alcohol washes of cutter ring 13 after rapid three roughing and keeps the temperature 1 hour, when 13 inner hole of cutter ring is expanded to When 190.03~190.06mm, continue heat preservation 3 hours；3. cutter ring 13 is inlayed using organic bond be fixed on the outer of cutter hub 14 On periphery, juxtaposition is kept 30 hours at room temperature, to realize combining closely for cutter ring and cutter hub.The organic bond It is made of being reconciled as following component according to mass percent: poly-methyl acrylate powder 4%, glacial acetic acid 90%, two chloroethenes Alkane 3%, and the tensile strength of the organic bond is 2900psi, elongation percentage 120%.
Step 6: the finishing of shearing dise knife:
The embedded alloy high-performance shearing that shearing dise knife after inlaying in step 5 finishes to get the present embodiment Dise knife.The specific steps of dise knife finishing are sheared in the present embodiment are as follows: 1. roughly grind the edge of a knife two side plane to 10.2 ± 0.05mm；② Refine inner hole φ 100+0.01 +0.03mm；3. refining 10 ± 0.005mm of knife-edge plane；4. roughly grinding outer circle to 200.2 ± 0.05mm；⑤ Fine cylindrical is to 200 ± 0.01mm of φ.The performance and implementation of the finally obtained embedded alloy high-performance shearing dise knife of the present embodiment Example 1 is close.
Embodiment 4
A kind of embedded alloy high-performance of the present embodiment shears dise knife, close with embodiment 1, and difference is: this implementation The raw material components of the cutter ring blank of example are by weight percentage are as follows: WC 80%, Co 16%, W, Ni, Cr3C2, VC, TaC 4%, Wherein, Cr3C2、VC、Mo2C, the mass percent of TaC, Ni and W are respectively 0.3%, 0.2%, 2%, 0.4%, 0.1%, 1%.
The processing method of the above-mentioned embedded alloy high-performance shearing dise knife of the present embodiment, the steps include:
Step 1: the preparation of cutter ring raw material:
13 processing of cutter ring is required to weigh by mass percentage with the raw material of powder metallurgy blank；
Step 2: prepared by the blank of cutter ring:
It is put into wet milk after each component weighed up in step 1 is mixed and carries out wet-milling, wet grinding media is alcohol, and wine The mass ratio of essence and all raw material is 3.9:1, and the wet-milling time is 69 hours, and every 21 hours in wet milk use process deflate Once, to guarantee wet-milling effect, mixture is made to be sufficiently mixed the uniformity that uniformly ensure that subsequent 13 performance of gained cutter ring. After wet-milling, mixture is dried in vacuo and is pelletized, then powder using 630 tons of four column press that ball milling is good It is pressed into base, finally blank is placed in vacuum sintering furnace and is sintered, cooling is carried out after sintering and obtains cutter ring processing powder Last metallurgy blank.In the present embodiment mixture it is vacuum dried and pelletize after, material size control in 90 mesh or so, apparent density Control is in 4.1g/cm2。
In the present embodiment, the sintering process of cutter ring blank is as follows:
(1) room temperature~450 DEG C, the stage belong to dewaxing stage, specifically, control the present embodiment dewaxing stage is sintered Journey is as follows: room temperature~320 DEG C, and control heating time is 90min；320~370 DEG C, control heating time is 35min；Then in 370 DEG C carry out heat preservation 118min；370~450 DEG C, control heating time is 56min；Finally 60min is kept the temperature at 450 DEG C.It is de- When the wax stage brings into operation, argon gas is passed through into sintering furnace, and argon flow is controlled in 0.3M3Between/h, so as into One step guarantees the removal effect of paraffin gas, guarantees the complete removing of paraffin.
(2) 450~final sintering temperature: the stage belongs to the high-vacuum sintering stage, take out by main vacuum manifold 5 true Sky, within the vacuum degree≤80Pa for controlling this stage, and the specific sintering process in the stage is as follows: 450~800 DEG C, control plus The hot time is 117min；800~1200 DEG C, control heating time is 104min, then keeps the temperature 40min at 1200 DEG C；1200 ~1350 DEG C, control heating time is 60min, then keeps the temperature 24min at 1350 DEG C；1350 DEG C~final temperature, control adds The hot time is 21min, and the specific value of final sintering temperature is 1410 DEG C according to the component and burden control of raw material, finally in most 45min is sintered under whole sintering temperature.
(3) after being sintered, first natural cooling is vacuumized with slide valve pump, when temperature drops to 1200 DEG C, adjusts rotor stream Ar throughput is adjusted to maximum by meter, fills Ar gas toward burner hearth, and when being cooled to 800 DEG C, fire door cylinder is opened, and starts fast cold wind Machine is rapidly cooled blank, and controls furnace pressure in 8MPa.
Substantially with embodiment 1, difference is the structure of the sintering furnace of the present embodiment: level-one mends wax device 701 and second level is mended Metal aluminium ring is filled in wax device 702, and the angle that second level is mended in wax device 702 between suspension arm 101 and bracket 10 is 70 °, After dewaxing stage, control cold and hot water supply apparatus hot-water supply into the collet for mending wax apparatus starts to melt to catching wax device Wax, wax melting time are 130min, so as to effectively prevent next blow-on that stifled wax phenomenon occurs, guarantee to mend wax effect.
Step 3: the roughing of cutter ring:
Obtained powder metallurgy blank is subjected to roughing, and the surplus of reserved finishing.Cutter ring 13 in the present embodiment Rough machined step are as follows: 1. roughly grind two 5.2 ± 0.1mm of plane, and flatness answers≤0.05mm；2. roughly grind inner circle to φ 190 ± 0.01mm。
Step 4: the cutter hub preparation and roughing of shearing dise knife:
Spring steel material forge forming and obtains the cutter hub 14 of shearing dise knife, then carries out roughing, and reserved essence Machining allowance.The rough machined specific steps of cutter hub 14 in the present embodiment are as follows: 1. 202 ± 0.1mm of turning φ；2. vehicle plane 12 ±0.1mm；3. interior hole is to φ 98 ± 0.2 and chamfering；4. lathe tool is justified to φ to 190 ± 0.01mm in vitro.
Step 5: shearing dise knife is inlayed:
The cutter ring 13 that step 3 obtains is fixed on the outer circumference surface of cutter hub 14 obtained by step 4 as inlaying.This implementation The concrete operations that shearing dise knife is inlayed in example are as follows: 1. by the alcohol wipe of cutter hub 14 after step 4 roughing, be placed in -3 Freezed 2 hours at DEG C, continue when cutter hub 14 outside diameter shrinkage to 189.95~189.97mm freezing 3 it is small when；2. will be through step It is heated to 240 DEG C after the alcohol washes of cutter ring 13 after rapid three roughing and keeps the temperature 2 hours, when 13 inner hole of cutter ring is expanded to When 190.03~190.06mm, continue heat preservation 2 hours；3. cutter ring 13 is inlayed using organic bond be fixed on the outer of cutter hub 14 On periphery, juxtaposition is kept 36 hours at room temperature, to realize combining closely for cutter ring and cutter hub.The organic bond It is made of being reconciled as following component according to mass percent: poly-methyl acrylate powder 2%, glacial acetic acid 93%, two chloroethenes Alkane 2%, and the tensile strength of the organic bond is 2800psi, elongation percentage 115%.
Step 6: the finishing of shearing dise knife:
Shearing dise knife after inlaying, which finishes, shears dise knife to get the embedded alloy high-performance of the present embodiment.This The specific steps of dise knife finishing are sheared in embodiment are as follows: 1. roughly grind the edge of a knife two side plane to 10.2 ± 0.05mm；2. in fine grinding Hole φ 100+0.01 +0.03mm；3. refining 10 ± 0.005mm of knife-edge plane；4. roughly grinding outer circle to 200.2 ± 0.05mm；5. fine grinding is outer Justify to 200 ± 0.01mm of φ.The performance of the finally obtained embedded alloy high-performance shearing dise knife of the present embodiment connects with embodiment 1 Closely.
Embodiment 5
A kind of embedded alloy high-performance of the present embodiment shears dise knife, close with embodiment 1, and difference is: this implementation The raw material components of the cutter ring blank of example are by weight percentage are as follows: WC 81%, Co 15%, W, Ni, Cr3C2, VC, TaC 4%, Wherein, Cr3C2、VC、Mo2C, the mass percent of TaC, Ni and W be respectively 0.5%, 0.4%, 1%, 0.4%, 0.2%, 1.5%.
The processing method of the above-mentioned embedded alloy high-performance shearing dise knife of the present embodiment, the steps include:
Step 1: the preparation of cutter ring raw material:
13 processing of cutter ring is required to weigh by mass percentage with the raw material of powder metallurgy blank；
Step 2: prepared by the blank of cutter ring:
It is put into wet milk after each component weighed up in step 1 is mixed and carries out wet-milling, wet grinding media is alcohol, and wine The mass ratio of essence and all raw material is 4:1, and the wet-milling time is 70 hours, and deflation one in every 24 hours in wet milk use process It is secondary, to guarantee wet-milling effect, mixture is made to be sufficiently mixed the uniformity that uniformly ensure that subsequent 13 performance of gained cutter ring.It is wet After mill, mixture is dried in vacuo and is pelletized, then powder pressure using 600 tons of four column press that ball milling is good Base is made, finally blank is placed in vacuum sintering furnace and is sintered, cooling is carried out after sintering and obtains cutter ring processing powder Metallurgical blank.In the present embodiment mixture it is vacuum dried and pelletize after, material size control in 90 mesh or so, apparent density control System is in 4.1g/cm2。
In the present embodiment, the sintering process of cutter ring blank is as follows:
(1) room temperature~450 DEG C, the stage belong to dewaxing stage, specifically, control the present embodiment dewaxing stage is sintered Journey is as follows: room temperature~320 DEG C, and control heating time is 90min；320~370 DEG C, control heating time is 35min；Then in 370 DEG C carry out heat preservation 118min；370~450 DEG C, control heating time is 56min；Finally 60min is kept the temperature at 450 DEG C.It is de- When the wax stage brings into operation, argon gas is passed through into sintering furnace, and argon flow is controlled in 0.3M3Between/h, so as into One step guarantees the removal effect of paraffin gas, guarantees the complete removing of paraffin.
(2) 450~final sintering temperature: the stage belongs to the high-vacuum sintering stage, take out by main vacuum manifold 5 true Sky, within the vacuum degree≤80Pa for controlling this stage, and the specific sintering process in the stage is as follows: 450~800 DEG C, control plus The hot time is 117min；800~1200 DEG C, control heating time is 106min, then keeps the temperature 40min at 1200 DEG C；1200 ~1350 DEG C, control heating time is 60min, then keeps the temperature 24min at 1350 DEG C；1350 DEG C~final temperature, control adds The hot time is 20min, and the specific value of final sintering temperature is 1410 DEG C according to the component and burden control of raw material, finally in most 45min is sintered under whole sintering temperature.
(3) after being sintered, first natural cooling is vacuumized with slide valve pump, when temperature drops to 1200 DEG C, adjusts rotor stream Ar throughput is adjusted to maximum by meter, fills Ar gas toward burner hearth, and when being cooled to 800 DEG C, fire door cylinder is opened, and starts fast cold wind Machine is rapidly cooled blank, and controls furnace pressure in 8MPa.
Substantially with embodiment 1, difference is the structure of the sintering furnace of the present embodiment: level-one mends wax device 701 and second level is mended Metal aluminium ring is filled in wax device 702, and the angle that second level is mended in wax device 702 between suspension arm 101 and bracket 10 is 65 °, After dewaxing stage, control cold and hot water supply apparatus hot-water supply into the collet for mending wax apparatus starts to melt to catching wax device Wax, wax melting time are 135min, so as to effectively prevent next blow-on that stifled wax phenomenon occurs, guarantee to mend wax effect.
Step 3: the roughing of cutter ring:
Obtained powder metallurgy blank is subjected to roughing, and the surplus of reserved finishing.Cutter ring 13 in the present embodiment Rough machined step are as follows: 1. roughly grind two 5.2 ± 0.1mm of plane, and flatness answers≤0.05mm；2. roughly grind inner circle to φ 190 ± 0.01mm。
Step 4: the cutter hub preparation and roughing of shearing dise knife:
Spring steel material forge forming and obtains the cutter hub 14 of shearing dise knife, then carries out roughing, and reserved essence Machining allowance.The rough machined specific steps of cutter hub 14 in the present embodiment are as follows: 1. 202 ± 0.1mm of turning φ；2. vehicle plane 12 ±0.1mm；3. interior hole is to φ 98 ± 0.2 and chamfering；4. lathe tool is justified to φ to 190 ± 0.01mm in vitro.
Step 5: shearing dise knife is inlayed:
The cutter ring 13 that step 3 obtains is fixed on the outer circumference surface of cutter hub 14 obtained by step 4 as inlaying.This implementation The concrete operations that shearing dise knife is inlayed in example are as follows: 1. by the alcohol wipe of cutter hub 14 after step 4 roughing, be placed in -3 Freezed 2 hours at DEG C, continue when cutter hub 14 outside diameter shrinkage to 189.95~189.97mm freezing 3 it is small when；2. will be through step It is heated to 240 DEG C after the alcohol washes of cutter ring 13 after rapid three roughing and keeps the temperature 2 hours, when 13 inner hole of cutter ring is expanded to When 190.03~190.06mm, continue heat preservation 2 hours；3. cutter ring 13 is inlayed using organic bond be fixed on the outer of cutter hub 14 On periphery, juxtaposition is kept 36 hours at room temperature, to realize combining closely for cutter ring and cutter hub.The organic bond It is made of being reconciled as following component according to mass percent: poly-methyl acrylate powder 2%, glacial acetic acid 93%, two chloroethenes Alkane 2%, and the tensile strength of the organic bond is 2800psi, elongation percentage 115%.
Step 6: the finishing of shearing dise knife:
Shearing dise knife after inlaying, which finishes, shears dise knife to get the embedded alloy high-performance of the present embodiment.This The specific steps of dise knife finishing are sheared in embodiment are as follows: 1. roughly grind the edge of a knife two side plane to 10.2 ± 0.05mm；2. in fine grinding Hole φ 100+0.01 +0.03mm；3. refining 10 ± 0.005mm of knife-edge plane；4. roughly grinding outer circle to 200.2 ± 0.05mm；5. fine grinding is outer Justify to 200 ± 0.01mm of φ.The performance of the finally obtained embedded alloy high-performance shearing dise knife of the present embodiment connects with embodiment 1 Closely.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of embedded alloy high-performance shears dise knife, it is characterised in that: the shearing dise knife includes cutter ring (13) and cutter hub (14), The cutter ring (13) is fixed on the outer circumference surface of cutter hub (14), and cutter hub (14) uses spring steel material, and cutter ring (13) uses Powder metallurgy blank is made, and the raw material components of the powder metallurgy blank are by weight percentage are as follows: WC 80-82%, Co 15- 17%, W, Ni, Cr3C2、VC、Mo2C, TaC3-5%；And Cr3C2、VC、Mo2C, the mass percent of TaC and W is respectively 0.3- 0.5%, 0.2-0.4%, 0.6-2.0%, 0.4-0.6%, 1-2.5%, mass percent≤0.3% of Ni.
2. a kind of embedded alloy high-performance according to claim 1 shears dise knife, it is characterised in that: the cutter ring (13) The outer circumference surface of cutter hub (14), and the component and quality proportioning of spring steel material used in cutter hub (14) are fixed on by inlaying are as follows: C:0.62-0.7%, Si:0.17-0.37%, S≤0.035%, Mn:0.9-1.2%, Cr :≤0.25%, P≤0.035%, Ni ≤ 0.25%.
3. a kind of processing method of embedded alloy high-performance shearing dise knife, it is characterised in that: the steps include:
Step 1: the preparation of cutter ring raw material:
Cutter ring (13) processing is weighed with the raw material of powder metallurgy blank by following mass percent: WC 80-82%, Co 15-17%, W, Ni, Cr3C2、VC、Mo2C, TaC 3-5%；And Cr3C2、VC、Mo2C, the mass percent difference of TaC and W For 0.3-0.5%, 0.2-0.4%, 0.6-2.0%, 0.4-0.6%, 1-2.5%, mass percent≤0.3% of Ni；
Step 2: prepared by the blank of cutter ring:
Cutter ring processing powder metallurgy blank is obtained through wet-milling, compacting, sintering after each component weighed up in step 1 is mixed；
Step 3: the roughing of cutter ring:
Obtained cutter ring (13) blank is subjected to roughing, and the surplus of reserved finishing；
Step 4: the cutter hub preparation and roughing of shearing dise knife:
Spring steel material forge molding and obtains the cutter hub (14) of shearing dise knife, then carries out rough turn outer disk and interior Hole, and reserved allowance for finish；
Step 5: shearing dise knife is inlayed:
The cutter ring (13) that step 3 obtains is fixed on the outer circumference surface of cutter hub obtained by step 4 (14) as inlaying；Shearing circle The concrete operations that knife is inlayed are as follows: 1. by cutter hub (14) alcohol wipe after step 4 roughing, be placed at -2~-5 DEG C Freezing 2~3 hours continues freezing 2~3 hours when cutter hub (14) outside diameter size shrinkage is to 189.95~189.97mm； 2. the cutter ring (13) after step 3 roughing is worked as knife with being heated to 180~240 DEG C and heat preservation 1~3 hour after alcohol washes When circle (13) inner hole is expanded to 190.03~190.06mm, continue heat preservation 2~3 hours；3. using organic bond by cutter ring (13) it inlays and is fixed on the outer circumference surface of cutter hub (14), juxtaposition is kept 24~36 hours at room temperature；The combination Agent is made of being reconciled as following component according to mass percent: poly-methyl acrylate powder 2~8%, glacial acetic acid 90- 95%, dichloroethanes 2-5%, and the tensile strength of the organic bond is 2700-2900psi, elongation percentage 100%- 120%；
Step 6: the finishing of shearing dise knife:
Shearing dise knife after inlaying, which finishes, shears dise knife to get embedded alloy high-performance.
4. a kind of processing method of embedded alloy high-performance shearing dise knife according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: step Wet-milling in two is that the raw material that will be weighed up are put into wet milk and grind 68-72 hours, and wet grinding media is absolute alcohol, and alcohol Mass ratio with all mixed powders is (3.5-4): 1.
5. a kind of processing method of embedded alloy high-performance shearing dise knife according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: step Compacting in two is that the good powder of wet-milling is pressed into base using 500-630 tons of four column press, is then placed in blank very It is sintered in empty sintering furnace, cooling is carried out after sintering and obtains cutter ring processing powder metallurgy blank.
6. a kind of processing method of embedded alloy high-performance shearing dise knife, special according to any one of claim 3-5 Sign is: the rough machined step of cutter ring (13) in step 3 are as follows: 1. roughly grind two 5.2 ± 0.1mm of plane, and flatness answer≤ 0.05mm；2. roughly grinding inner circle to 190 ± 0.01mm of φ.
7. a kind of processing method of embedded alloy high-performance shearing dise knife, special according to any one of claim 3-5 Sign is: the rough machined specific steps of cutter hub (14) in step 4 are as follows:
1. 202 ± 0.1mm of turning φ；
2. 12 ± 0.1mm of vehicle plane；
3. interior hole is to φ 98 ± 0.2 and chamfering；
4. lathe tool is justified in vitro to 190 ± 0.01mm of φ.
8. a kind of processing method of embedded alloy high-performance shearing dise knife, special according to any one of claim 3-5 Sign is: the step of finishing in step 6 are as follows:
1. roughly grinding two sides knife-edge plane to 10.2 ± 0.05mm；
2. refining inner hole φ 100+0.01 +0.03mm；
3. refining 10 ± 0.005mm of knife-edge plane；
4. roughly grinding outer circle to 200.2 ± 0.05mm；
5. fine cylindrical is to 200 ± 0.01mm of φ.
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