CN106001716A - Method for improving integrity of cutting surface of aluminum-lithium alloy workpiece - Google Patents
Method for improving integrity of cutting surface of aluminum-lithium alloy workpiece Download PDFInfo
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- CN106001716A CN106001716A CN201610463511.6A CN201610463511A CN106001716A CN 106001716 A CN106001716 A CN 106001716A CN 201610463511 A CN201610463511 A CN 201610463511A CN 106001716 A CN106001716 A CN 106001716A
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- lithium alloy
- liquid nitrogen
- line
- integrity
- alloy workpiece
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/20—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring workpiece characteristics, e.g. contour, dimension, hardness
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- Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for improving the integrity of a cutting surface of an aluminum-lithium alloy workpiece. The method comprises the steps that (1) geometrical parameters of a tool system are obtained, and a machining parameter range is selected; (2) an orthogonal test table is made; (3) according to the made orthogonal test table, cutting is sequentially conducted under the dry cutting condition and the liquid nitrogen cooling condition; (4) integrity parameters of the cutting surface of the cut aluminum-lithium alloy workpiece under the dry cutting condition and the liquid nitrogen cooling condition are measured; and (5) the integrity parameters are analyzed and tested, and optimized machining parameters are determined.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal cutting process technical field.Especially, the present invention relates to a kind of lifting aluminium lithium alloy workpiece
The method of cutting surface integrity, particularly relates to consider in the aluminium lithium alloy surface integrity under the extreme cooling condition of liquid nitrogen
Microscopic appearance and the affecting laws of residual stress, propose the preferred version of technological parameter.
Background technology
The characteristics such as the excellent low-density of aluminium lithium alloy, high specific strength, high specific stiffness make it become aviation of a new generation boat
The primary structural material of it aircraft.Aircraft skin, as the main components of maintenance aircraft configuration, landed taking off
Journey will be born the effect of the alternate load caused by change of cabin inside and outside differential pressure, therefore for the fatigue of stressed-skin construction part
Requirement of strength is the harshest.The fatigue crack initiation of part is often from the beginning of the microdefect on surface, and top layer and Asia
The mechanical state on top layer will affect crack initiation and expansion rate.Surface integrity include surface geometric profile, micro-firmly
Degree, metallographic structure, residual stress etc., these combined factors affect the fatigue behaviour of part.In the past for the phase of aluminium lithium alloy
Close reduction process, use the method for chemical milling to carry out often.It is big that this method takies plant area, seriously polluted, waste liquid
Processing cost is high, does not meets the theory of modern sustainable green manufacturing.
SPF Technology for aluminium lithium alloy is studied more at present, and the most rarely seen have relevant aluminium lithium alloy cutting surface complete
Correlational study in terms of whole property.Here study dry cut cut in the case of situation and liquid nitrogen cool down three elements and on together with roll
Technique for the impact of surface integrity, by the method for orthogonal test investigated comprehensively technological parameter for surface topography each
Index, top layer subsurface stratum metallographic structure and the weighing factor of residual stress, and demonstrate its significance.Compare dry cut with
Surface topography and the similarities and differences of residual stress state in the case of liquid nitrogen cryogenics cutting, demonstrate liquid nitrogen cooling cutting for aluminum lithium
The effectiveness that alloy surface integrity promotes, provides experimental basis for improving aluminium lithium alloy fatigue behaviour.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aims to defect present in prior art, it is provided that a kind of aluminium lithium alloy workpiece that promotes cuts
The method of surface integrity, can obtain safe and reliable technological parameter, it is achieved the precision of high-quality thin-walled parts, highly-efficient processing.
For realizing this purpose, the present invention to have selected in the case of dry cutting rotating speed, cutting-in, feeding, angle as main because of
Element, first in the case of having carried out air cooling cutting, surface topography and the surface residual stress of aluminium lithium alloy is measured, and then carries out
Pattern in the case of liquid nitrogen cooling and residual stress measurement, the method finally by average response trend analysis drawn excellent
Select parametric scheme.
According to technical scheme, promote the method for aluminium lithium alloy workpiece cutting surface integrity and include step:
(1) obtain tooling system geometric parameter, select machined parameters scope；
(2) orthogonal test table is formulated；
(3) and cut under Liquid Nitrogen Cooling Condition under dry tangent condition successively according to the orthogonal test table formulated；
(4) the aluminium lithium alloy workpiece cutting surface integrity ginseng after measuring under dry tangent condition and cutting under Liquid Nitrogen Cooling Condition
Number；And
(5) analyze also test completeness parameter, determine the machined parameters of optimization.
Wherein, in step (1), consult handbook according to tooling system geometric parameter and select machined parameters scope.
Wherein, in step (2), use the Orthogonal Experiment and Design of five level four factors.
Wherein, in step (3), 100mm face milling cutters PCD blade is used and to enter under Liquid Nitrogen Cooling Condition under dry tangent condition
Row cutting.
In step (4), it is measured and recorded in respectively under dry tangent condition and to cut the line of gained under Liquid Nitrogen Cooling Condition thick
Rugosity (Line Roughness is called for short " Line Ra "), the line roughness curve degree of bias (Line Roughness Skewnes, letter
Claim " Line Rsk "), surface roughness (Face Roughness, be called for short " Face Ra "), the surface roughness curve degree of bias (Face
Roughness Skewness, is called for short " Face Rsk ") and surface residual stress (Residual Stress, symbol is " σ r ").
Wherein, in step (5), measured integrity parameters is carried out variance analysis, carries out significance level inspection,
Judge the size sequence that affects of each factor, find and the most significant factor is affected for each target component；To measured complete
Property parameter is intuitively analyzed, and object observing parameter, and will be under dry tangent condition and at liquid along with the variation tendency of factor level
Cut the respective change trend of operating mode under nitrogen cooling condition, average size carries out across comparison, draws Liquid Nitrogen Cooling Condition following table
The feature that face integrity is affected by each factor；Respectively minimum according to line roughness (Line Ra) and surface roughness (Face Ra),
The line roughness curve degree of bias (Line Rsk) the dough-making powder roughness curve degree of bias (Face Rsk) is maximum, surface compress residual stresses (σ r)
Maximum Optimality Criteria, carries out the choosing of optimal set of cutting parameter.
Due to the present invention under considering dry tangent condition rotating speed, cutting-in, feeding, direction of feed and rolling angular separation for
While the impact of aluminium lithium alloy surface integrity, contrast considers the corresponding impact under Liquid Nitrogen Cooling Condition, establishes respectively
Working process parameter and the mapping relations of surface integrity, based on the preferred machined parameters of real machining status, thus reach to close
Reason selects the purpose of working process parameter.
Technical scheme has the advantages that
(1) changing milling is machine milling, is conducive to controlling to pollute, improve efficiency, reduction processing cost；
(2) consider roughness Ra and roughness curve degree of bias Rsk index, use Two indices mode to analyze part
Anti-fatigue performance, lays the foundation on the impact of fatigue behaviour for investigating surface topography comprehensively.
(3) consider dry cutting and the impact of each factor under liquid nitrogen cooling operating mode, demonstrate liquid nitrogen cooling cutting for aluminum lithium
The effectiveness that alloy surface integrity promotes, is more beneficial for choosing the optimal set of machined parameters.
Detailed description of the invention
The embodiment of example is not intended as the limit all embodiments according to the present invention.It is appreciated that without departing from this
On the premise of bright scope, it is possible to use other embodiments, it is also possible to carry out the structural or amendment of logicality.
Polycrystalline diamond face milling cutters chosen by the cutting system experimental provision that the embodiment of the present invention uses is process tool, this cutter
Tool clamping is on MikronUCP800 five-axis machine tool.Concretely comprise the following steps:
1, the geometric parameter checking in this cutter is: shank diameter 100mm；Radial rake 10 °, axial rake is 5 °, cutter
Material is polycrystalline diamond (PCD).Choose horizontal V to horizontal I in process parameters range such as table 1.
2, the Orthogonal Experiment and Design of five level four factors is used.With rotating speed, cutting-in, feeding, direction of feed and rolling direction
Angle is experimental factor A, B, C, D, chooses 5 levels with reference to process parameters range selected in step 1, formulates orthogonal test factor
Water-glass, as shown in table 1.
Table 1. aluminium lithium alloy High Speed Milling Experiment factor level table
3, cutting experiment is carried out successively under dry tangent condition and under Liquid Nitrogen Cooling Condition according to the orthogonal test table formulated.
First, Keyemce LK-30 high accuracy displacement sensor opposite milling cutter tooth point of a knife point is used to carry out leveling.
Then, with vacuum fixture, the aluminium lithium alloy thin plate that size is 100mm × 100mm × 6mm is clamped in work
On platform.The vacuum of vacuum fixture is 0.98bar.Dry conscientiously testing and liquid nitrogen cooling operating mode is finally carried out successively according to experiment parameter
Under cutting experiment.
4, use Keyemce laser co-focusing to surpass the pattern of depth-of-field microscope scanning machining rear surface, and extract corresponding
Topographical information record is in table 2.In order to ensure the effectiveness of data, 3 points of same machined parameters lower surface are selected to measure
Average.
X-350Ac type X-ray residual stress test instrument is used to measure the residual-stress value on processing top layer.In order to ensure number
According to effectiveness, same 3 somes measurement selecting same machined parameters lower surface is averaged.
Table 2. dry tangent condition lower surface integrity test result
Table 3. liquid nitrogen cooling machining condition lower surface integrity test result
5, cut and orthogonal test that liquid nitrogen cooling is lower is tested data and carried out variance analysis dry respectively, investigate each factor pair
In surface topography with the impact of residual stress, analyzing these factors affects the order of size for surface integrity and determines
The optimization direction of machined parameters.
Having added up successively in table 4 and table 5 and cut with in 25 groups of orthogonal tests under Liquid Nitrogen Cooling Condition dry, each factor is relative
The index line roughness (Line Ra) answered, the line roughness curve degree of bias (Line Rsk), surface roughness (Face Ra), face are coarse
The line degree of bias of writing music (Face Rsk), and the results of analysis of variance of residual stress σ r.
Each analysis of variance result under the dry tangent condition of table 4.
Each analysis of variance result under table 5. liquid nitrogen cooling machining condition
Table 6 and table 7 are added up dry successively cut with each factor under liquid nitrogen cooling machining condition in the average of each level.
Under the dry tangent condition of table 6., each factor is in the average of each level
Under table 7. liquid nitrogen cooling machining condition, each factor is in the average of each level
Implementation result
Under conditions of using different combination of process parameters, and dry cut with liquid nitrogen cooling cutting under conditions of, part
Surface topography and residual stress have obvious difference.Reflected accordingly by table 4, table 5, the size of type III quadratic sum of table 6
The size of factor effect, the factor that type III quadratic sum is big, it is meant that the difference that varying level causes to index is big, generally falls into
Principal element, the factor that type III quadratic sum is little, it is meant that the difference that varying level causes to the index amount investigated is little, generally belongs to
In secondary cause.
● can make the impact of factor each under dry tangent condition to analyze as follows according to table 4:
Rotating speed, cutting-in, feeding are inconspicuous for the impact of line roughness (Line Ra), belong to secondary cause.Feeding side
To more notable on line roughness (Line Ra) impact with the angle in rolling direction, therefore affect line roughness (Line Ra)
Factor primary and secondary order is: angle D ＞ feeding C ＞ rotating speed A ＞ cutting-in B.
The primary and secondary order of the impact of the line roughness curve degree of bias (Line Rsk) is by each factor: angle D ＞ feeding C
＞ cutting-in B ＞ rotating speed A.
The primary and secondary order of the impact of surface roughness (Face Ra) is by each factor: cutting-in B ＞ feeding C ＞ angle D ＞
Rotating speed A.
Each factor for the primary and secondary order of the impact of the surface roughness curve degree of bias (Face Rsk) is: cutting-in B ＞ angle
Degree D ＞ feeding C ＞ rotating speed A.
Each factor for the primary and secondary order of the impact of residual stress σ r is: cutting-in B ＞ angle D ＞ feeding C ＞ rotating speed
A。
● can make to analyze as follows on the impact of each factor liquid nitrogen cooling machining condition from form 5:
The primary and secondary order of the impact of line roughness (Line Ra) is by each factor: angle D ＞ feeding C ＞ cutting-in B ＞
Rotating speed A.
The primary and secondary order of the impact of the line roughness curve degree of bias (Line Rsk) is by each factor: cutting-in B ＞ angle D
＞ rotating speed A ＞ feeding C.
The primary and secondary order of the impact of surface roughness (Face Ra) is by each factor: angle D ＞ feeding C ＞ rotating speed A
＞ cutting-in B.
Each factor for the primary and secondary order of the impact of the surface roughness curve degree of bias (Face Rsk) is: cutting-in B ＞ angle
Degree D ＞ feeding C ＞ rotating speed A.
Each factor for the primary and secondary order of the impact of residual stress σ r is: feeding C ＞ angle D ＞ cutting-in B ＞ rotating speed
A。
● contrast table 6 and table 7 may be made that and analyze as follows:
Factor B (cutting-in) reduces the value being conducive to reducing line roughness (Line Ra)；Along with subtracting of factor B (cutting-in)
Little, the value of surface roughness (Face Ra) is also dull to be reduced；The surface roughness curve degree of bias (Face Rsk) is with factor B (cutting-in)
Reduce and increase.These rules demonstrate concordance dry cutting under liquid nitrogen cooling cutting operating mode.
With dry cut ratio, under liquid nitrogen cooling operating mode, line roughness (Line Ra) value of workpiece all increases, and shows that surface is cold
But machining condition roughness (Line Ra) index that rolls off the production line can deteriorate, but after using liquid nitrogen cooling, the residual pressure of workpiece surface should
Power with dry cut situation compared with, improve reach 100～200Mpa, this is of great advantage for the raising of fatigue strength.
● in table 4 and table 5, the significance of Sig. value expression factor, i.e. the factor size that affects on target, and Sig. value
The least impact is the most notable.For line roughness (Line Ra), the line roughness curve degree of bias (Line Rsk) during dry cutting
Impact, and for line roughness (Line Ra), surface roughness (Face Ra), factor D (angle) in liquid nitrogen cooling procedure
All account for the weight of maximum.
The deviation of comprehensive orthogonal experiment data and the result of variance analysis, from the index improving aluminium lithium alloy surface integrity
Parameter considers, during mechanical high-speed milling aluminium lithium alloy, based on the optimised process obtaining different surfaces integrity parameters
Parameter collocation is as follows:
The optimal collocation of table 8. technological parameter
More than have revealed that technology contents and the technical characterstic of the specific embodiment of the present invention, it being understood, however, that at this
Under bright creative ideas, those skilled in the art can be to various features disclosed above and the feature not being explicitly illustrated at this
Combination make various changes and improve, but broadly fall into protection scope of the present invention.The description of above-described embodiment be exemplary and
Not being restrictive, protection scope of the present invention is determined by claim.
Claims (6)
1. the method promoting aluminium lithium alloy workpiece cutting surface integrity, it is characterised in that include step:
(1) obtain tooling system geometric parameter, select machined parameters scope；
(2) orthogonal test table is formulated；
(3) and cut under Liquid Nitrogen Cooling Condition under dry tangent condition successively according to the orthogonal test table formulated；
(4) the aluminium lithium alloy workpiece cutting surface integrity parameters after measuring under dry tangent condition and cutting under Liquid Nitrogen Cooling Condition；
(5) analyze also test completeness parameter, determine the machined parameters of optimization.
The method of lifting aluminium lithium alloy workpiece cutting surface integrity the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step
Suddenly, in (1), consult handbook according to tooling system geometric parameter and select machined parameters scope.
The method of lifting aluminium lithium alloy workpiece cutting surface integrity the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step
Suddenly, in (2), use the Orthogonal Experiment and Design of five level four factors, four factors include rotating speed, cutting-in, feeding and direction of feed with
The angle in rolling direction.
The method of lifting aluminium lithium alloy workpiece cutting surface integrity the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step
Suddenly, in (3), 100mm face milling cutters polycrystalline diamond (PCD) blade is used and to cut under Liquid Nitrogen Cooling Condition under dry tangent condition
Cut.
The method of lifting aluminium lithium alloy workpiece cutting surface integrity the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step
Suddenly, in (4), it is measured and recorded under dry tangent condition and cuts under Liquid Nitrogen Cooling Condition the line roughness (Line of gained respectively
Ra), the line roughness curve degree of bias (Line Rsk), surface roughness (Face Ra), the surface roughness curve degree of bias (Face Rsk) and
Surface residual stress (σ r).
The method of lifting aluminium lithium alloy workpiece cutting surface integrity the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step
Suddenly in (5), measured integrity parameters is carried out variance analysis, carry out significance level inspection, it is determined that the impact of each factor
Size sequence, finds and affects the most significant factor for each target component；Measured integrity parameters is intuitively divided
Analysis, object observing parameter is along with the variation tendency of factor level, and will cut under dry tangent condition and under Liquid Nitrogen Cooling Condition
The respective change trend of operating mode, average size carry out across comparison, show that Liquid Nitrogen Cooling Condition lower surface integrity is by each factor
The feature of impact；, the line roughness curve degree of bias minimum according to line roughness (Line Ra) and surface roughness (Face Ra) respectively
The Optimality Criteria that (Line Rsk) dough-making powder roughness curve degree of bias (Face Rsk) is maximum, surface compress residual stresses (σ r) is maximum,
Carry out the choosing of optimal set of cutting parameter.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108088741A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-05-29 | 首钢集团有限公司 | A kind of method of laser confocal microscope home position observation fatigue crack |
| CN108274080A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-07-13 | 嵊州市诺米克进出口有限公司 | A kind of novel green manufacturing device |
| CN111665159A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-09-15 | 山东理工大学 | Method for prolonging service life of metal cutting coating cutter |
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2016
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| JPS61209779A (en) * | 1985-03-13 | 1986-09-18 | Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd | Arc welding method for al-li series alloy |
| CN102922244A (en) * | 2012-11-21 | 2013-02-13 | 哈尔滨东安发动机（集团）有限公司 | Processing method for realizing integrity of surface of titanium alloy impeller |
| CN104484515A (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2015-04-01 | 华中科技大学 | Titanium alloy variable-pitch milling three-dimensional modeling method based on finite elements |
| CN105181508A (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2015-12-23 | 电子科技大学 | Matching model of difficult-to-cut material removal amount and cutter wearing degree |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108088741A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-05-29 | 首钢集团有限公司 | A kind of method of laser confocal microscope home position observation fatigue crack |
| CN108274080A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-07-13 | 嵊州市诺米克进出口有限公司 | A kind of novel green manufacturing device |
| CN111665159A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-09-15 | 山东理工大学 | Method for prolonging service life of metal cutting coating cutter |
| CN111665159B (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2023-03-24 | 山东理工大学 | Method for prolonging service life of metal cutting coating cutter |
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Application publication date: 20161012 |