CN105984110B - 一种用于同向旋转的双螺杆加工设备的元件 - Google Patents

一种用于同向旋转的双螺杆加工设备的元件 Download PDF

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CN105984110B
CN105984110B CN201610165539.1A CN201610165539A CN105984110B CN 105984110 B CN105984110 B CN 105984110B CN 201610165539 A CN201610165539 A CN 201610165539A CN 105984110 B CN105984110 B CN 105984110B
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P·巴布
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Abstract

一种用于同向旋转的双螺杆加工设备的元件，所述元件具有一导程“L”和在其上形成的至少一个呈螺旋形连续分布的叶片，并且所述叶片至少一次在一小部分导程“L”上从第一非整数叶叶片转换为第二非整数叶叶片并在一小部分导程“L”上转换回第一非整数叶叶片。

Description

一种用于同向旋转的双螺杆加工设备的元件
技术领域
本发明涉及双螺杆加工设备领域。特别地，本发明涉及一种用于双螺杆加工设备的元件。
背景
在双螺杆加工设备(如挤出机)内部的捏合，涉及施加力，该力导致剪切、涂抹、延伸、弯曲、扭转和压缩。将材料通过这双螺杆加工设备的过程通常是高度受控的，且这样***可以被用来进行复杂的化学反应。例如，热塑性复合需要标准的输送、混合或捏合元件。捏合元件主要通过折叠机制对化合物进行混合。这种熔融和折叠机制导致元件疲劳，从而经常导致元件或轴的破损。
授予Babu的美国专利号6783270透露了分数叶元件。Babu申请的美国公开号2014/0036614A1提供了用于同向旋转挤出机的挤出机元件，所述元件消除或减少了材料所经历的峰值剪切，增加了分布性混合从而可以更均匀地混合和更好地控制熔融温度，并且还保持了挤出机的自清洁能力。这些元件由连续叶片(flight)构成，其中叶片从整数叶叶片转换为非整数叶叶片，并且在导程“L”的分数段转换回整数叶叶片，反之亦然。整数叶片或者分数叶片能够被用来产生传送螺旋(通过连续的螺旋转换)，或者捏合块(通过间断的、线性和旋转性转换)。整数叶片型或分数叶片型的元件，当被设计成捏合块时，会呈现相对于物流的垂直面，这导致熔融过程中的熔融停止和高压以及剪切峰。因此，对于挤出机中的熔融区来说，这些捏合块元件是不理想的，因为，这些元件不能在熔融区提供所需的优越的加工性能。这些元件也会发生可能导致损坏的疲劳。
发明概述
本发明公开了一种用于同向旋转双螺杆加工设备的元件。所述元件有导程“L”，并且在其上形成的至少一个螺旋形连续叶片，并且其中在一小部分导程”L”上所述叶片至少一次从第一非整数叶叶片转换为第二非整数叶叶片并在一小部分导程“L”上转换回第一非整数叶叶片。
在另一方面，公开了一种用于同向旋转双螺杆加工设备的元件，所述元件具有一导程“L”和在其上形成的至少一个螺旋形连续叶片，且其中在一小部分导程”L”上所述叶片至少一次从第一非整数叶叶片转换为第二非整数叶叶片并在一小部分导程“L”上从第二非整数叶叶片转换为第三非整数叶叶片。
在另一方面，公开了一种双螺杆加工设备。所述双螺杆加工设备包括具有至少两个圆柱形壳腔的壳体，每个壳腔具有轴，该轴与另一轴平行布置；至少一个第一螺杆轴和一个第二螺杆轴分别布置在所述第一和第二壳腔中；所述第一和第二螺杆轴被设置成与元件共同限定一混合区域；其中至少一个元件具有导程“L”和在其上形成的至少一个螺旋形连续叶片，以及在一小部分导程”L”上所述叶片至少一次从第一非整数叶叶片转换为第二非整数叶叶片并在一小部分导程“L”中转换回所述第一非整数叶叶片。
附图简要说明
图1a显示了根据本发明公开的一个实施例的元件的主视图。
图1b显示了根据本发明公开的一个实施例的元件的俯视图。
图2a显示了根据本发明公开的另一实施例的元件的主视图。
图2b显示了根据本发明公开的另一实施例的元件的俯视图。
图3显示了根据本发明公开的一个实施例的同向旋转双螺杆加工设备。
详细说明
图3显示了同向旋转双螺杆加工设备(100)，包括一壳体(102)，所述壳体(102)具有两个圆柱形壳腔(104A，104B)且每个壳腔(104A，104B)具有轴(分别为108A和108B)，该轴与另一轴平行布置。第一螺杆轴(106A)和第二螺杆轴(106B)分别布置在第一和第二壳腔(104A，104B)中。加工元件(10)(即“元件”)被安装在所述第一和第二螺杆轴(106A，106B)上，且在所述加工设备(100)内限定一混合区。元件(10)可包括开槽的轴腔(在所述开槽的轴腔中，螺杆轴的花键(splines)与其啮合)或者是用于安装在螺旋杆上的其他装置。
元件具有一个或多个叶瓣，所述叶瓣在所述元件上构成叶片。叶瓣的数量通常是整数，且通常在一到三个叶瓣之间变化。在本发明中这样的元件被称为“整数叶元件”。叶瓣的数量也可以是非整数且这样的元件被称为“非整数叶元件”或者具有非整数叶叶片的元件。
一非整数叶元件可以是分数叶元件。分数叶元件是指介于一第一整数元件(n)和一第二整数元件(N)之间的预定分数的元件，使得N/n是整数且分数决定了第一整数和第二整数之间转换程度。一单叶和一双叶可形成分数叶如1.2.xx，其中xx是1-99之间任何一数字。数字1-99决定了分数叶看起来是否更像是一单叶元件或一双叶元件。数字1和2在记号1.2.xx中分别表示介于单叶片元件(1)和双叶片元件(2)之间的叶片元件。一个从单叶片和双叶片形成的分数叶元件的例子在美国专利号6783270中有描述。
一非整数叶元件可以是无理数叶元件。无理数叶元件在专利WO2011/073121里有描述。
公开了用于同向旋转双螺杆加工设备(100)的元件(10)。元件(10)具有一导程“L”和至少一个在其上形成的至少一个螺旋形叶片(12)。形成的叶片是连续的，没有任何断层或者中断。在一小部分导程“L”上，所述叶片至少一次从第一非整数叶叶片转换为第二非整数叶叶片并在一小部分导程“L”中转换回所述第一非整数叶叶片。
第一非整数叶叶片可以是分数叶叶片。第二非整数叶叶片可以是分数叶叶片。在其他实施例中，第一非整数叶叶片可以是无理数叶叶片且第二非整数叶叶片可以是无理数叶叶片。在其他实施例中，第一非整数叶叶片和第二非整数叶叶片都可以是分数叶叶片。在其他实施例中，第一非整数叶叶片和第二非整数叶叶片都可以是无理数叶叶片。
参照图1a，显示了根据本发明的一个实施例的元件(10)的主视图。图1b显示了图1a中元件(10)的俯视图。元件(10)的长度可以等于元件(10)的导程“L”。在其他实施例中，元件(10)的长度可以与元件(10)的导程“L”不同。元件(10)的长度为200mm且导程“L”也为200mm。在A点，元件(10)的轮廓是第一分数叶元件，即所述例子中的1.3.80。在B点，元件的轮廓是第二分数叶元件，即1.3.20。在C点，元件的轮廓又是第一分数叶元件，即1.3.80。元件(10)从轮廓A转换为轮廓B再转换为轮廓C。元件(10)从轮廓A转换为轮廓B，发生在一小部分导程“L”上，在所示例子中为5mm。在接下来的5mm上，元件(10)从轮廓B转换为轮廓C。
在图1b的实施例中，从第一分数叶叶片转换为第二分数叶叶片以及从第二分数叶叶片转换为第一分数叶叶片，发生在10mm或者在一小部分导程“L”上。
在其他实施例中，在一小部分导程“L”上，所述叶片多次从第一非整数叶叶片转换为第二非整数叶叶片且在一小部分导程“L”上转变回第一非整数叶叶片。举例来说，从第一分数叶叶片转换为第二分数叶叶片并转换回第一分数叶叶片，或者反之亦然，可以发生很多次。在图1b的实施例中，从第一分数叶叶片转换为第二分数叶叶片且转换回第一分数叶叶片，沿着元件(10)的长度方向重复二十次，从而获得200mm的元件。
根据一实施例，用于沿着元件(10)的导程“L”方向多次转换的第一非整数叶叶片是相同的。在其他实施例中，用于沿着元件(10)的导程“L”方向多次转换的第二非整数叶叶片是相同的。
现参照图2a，显示了根据本发明的另一个实施例的元件(10)的主视图。图2b显示了在图2a中的元件(10)的俯视图。元件的长度为150mm且导程“L”也是150mm。在A点，元件(10)的轮廓是第一分数叶元件，即所示例子中的1.3.80。在B点，元件的轮廓是第二分数叶元件，即1.3.20。在C点，元件的轮廓又是第一分数叶元件，即1.3.80。元件从轮廓A转换为轮廓B再转换到轮廓C。元件从轮廓A转换到轮廓B，发生在一小部分导程“L”上，在所示例子中为5mm。在接下来的5mm上，元件从轮廓B转换到轮廓C。
在图2b的实施例中，从第一分数叶叶片转换为第二分数叶叶片且转换回第一分数叶叶片，是沿着元件(10)的长度重复十五次，从而获得150mm元件。
元件(10)可以在上面形成多个连续叶片。在一个实施例中，每个叶片至少一次在一小部分导程“L”上从第一非整数叶叶片转换为第二非整数叶叶片且在一小部分导程“L”上转变回第一非整数叶叶片。对于每个叶片而言，第一非整数叶叶片可以是相同的。对于每个叶片而言，第二非整数叶叶片可以是相同的。图1a中的元件(10)，具有形成于其上的几个连续螺旋叶片(12，14,16)。
在其他实施例中，所述叶片至少一次在一小部分导程”L”上从第一非整数叶叶片转换为第二非整数叶叶片并在一小部分导程“L”上从第二非整数叶叶片转换为第三非整数叶叶片。举例来说，所述叶片在一小部分导程“L”上从第一分数叶叶片转换为第二分数叶叶片并在一小部分导程“L”上从第二分数叶叶片转换为第三分数叶叶片。第一非整数叶叶片、第二非整数叶叶片和第三非整数叶叶片可以是分数叶叶片。在其他实施例中，第一非整数叶叶片、第二非整数叶叶片和第三非整数叶叶片可以是无理数叶叶片。
具体实施方式描述如下
一种用于同向旋转的双螺杆加工设备的元件，所述元件有导程“L”，并且在其上形成的至少一个螺旋形叶片，并且其中叶片至少一次在一小部分导程”L”上从第一非整数叶叶片转换为第二非整数叶叶片并在一小部分导程“L”上转换回第一非整数叶叶片。
在这样的元件中，第一非整数叶叶片是分数叶叶片。
在这样的元件中，第二非整数叶叶片是分数叶叶片。
在这样的元件中，第一非整数叶叶片是无理数叶叶片。
在这样的元件中，第二非整数叶叶片是无理数叶叶片。
在这样的元件中，具有多个连续叶片，每个叶片至少一次在一小部分导程”L”上从第一非整数叶叶片转换为第二非整数叶叶片并在一小部分导程“L”上转换回所述第一非整数叶叶片。
在这样的元件中，其中对于每个叶片而言所述的第一非整数叶叶片是相同的。
在这样的元件中，其中对于每个叶片而言所述的第二非整数叶叶片是相同的。
在这样的元件中，其中所述叶片多次在一小部分导程“L”上从第一非整数叶叶片转换为第二非整数叶叶片并在一小部分导程“L”上转换回所述第一非整数叶叶片。
在这样的元件中，其中对于多次转换的所述的第一非整数叶叶片是相同的。
在这样的元件中，其中对于多次转换的所述的第二非整数叶叶片是相同的。
在这样的元件中，其中所述的元件的长度与所述导程“L”相等。
进一步具体实施方式描述如下
一种用于同向旋转双螺杆加工设备的元件，所述元件具有导程“L”和在其上形成的至少一个螺旋形叶片，且其中所述叶片至少一次在一小部分导程”L”上从第一非整数叶叶片转换为第二非整数叶叶片并在一小部分导程“L”上从第二非整数叶叶片转换为第三非整数叶叶片。
在这样的元件中，其中所述的第一非整数叶叶片、第二非整数叶叶片和第三非整数叶叶片是分数叶叶片。
在这样的元件中，其中所述的第一非整数叶叶片、第二非整数叶叶片和第三非整数叶叶片是无理数叶叶片。
进一步具体实施方式描述如下
双螺杆加工设备，其包括一具有至少两个圆柱形壳腔的壳体，每个壳腔具有轴，该轴与另一轴平行布置；至少一个第一螺杆轴和第二螺杆轴，它们分别布置在第一和第二壳腔中；所述第一和第二螺杆轴被设置成与元件一起限定一混合区；其中至少一个元件具有导程“L”和在其上形成的至少一个呈螺旋形连续分布的叶片，以及所述叶片至少一次在一小部分导程”L”上从第一非整数叶叶片转换为第二非整数叶叶片并在一小部分导程“L”上转换回所述第一非整数叶叶片。
工业应用
如本发明所教导，元件(10)是适用于同向旋转双螺杆加工设备的元件。所述同向旋转双螺杆加工设备可以是同向旋转双螺杆挤出机。该元件适用于实现均匀的熔融混合并减少由过度剪切所造成的材料降解。这些元件防止疲劳并因此防止加工设备的元件或轴的破损。
所公开的元件(10)在熔体流动中连续产生湍流。所公开的元件(10)不产生相对于物料流的任何直角面。
所公开的元件(10)提供了改进的可靠性，更低的磨损和更高的熔融和混合的均匀性。所述元件可有效地产生均匀剪切，因此增强了剪切效果。这在很大程度上提高了熔融效率和挤出机的整体效率。它还可以防止熔融过程中材料的降解。

Claims (16)

1.一种用于同向旋转的双螺杆加工设备的元件，其特征在于，所述元件具有一导程“L”和在其上形成的至少一个螺旋形连续非整数叶片，并且其中所述非整数叶片至少一次在一小部分导程“L”上从第一非整数叶叶片转换为第二非整数叶叶片并在一小部分导程“L”上转换回第一非整数叶叶片。
2.如权利要求1所述的元件，其特征在于，所述的第一非整数叶叶片是分数叶叶片。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的元件，其特征在于，所述的第二非整数叶叶片是分数叶叶片。
4.如权利要求1所述的元件，其特征在于，所述的第一非整数叶叶片是无理数叶叶片。
5.如权利要求1或4所述的元件，其特征在于，所述的第二非整数叶叶片是无理数叶叶片。
6.如权利要求1所述的元件，其特征在于，所述元件具有多个连续叶片，每个叶片至少一次在一小部分导程”L”上从第一非整数叶叶片转换为第二非整数叶叶片并在一小部分导程“L”上转换回所述第一非整数叶叶片。
7.如权利要求6所述的元件，其特征在于，对于每个叶片而言所述的第一非整数叶叶片是相同的。
8.如权利要求6所述的元件，其特征在于，对于每个叶片而言所述的第二非整数叶叶片是相同的。
9.如权利要求1所述的元件，其特征在于，所述叶片多次在一小部分导程“L”上从第一非整数叶叶片转换为第二非整数叶叶片并在一小部分导程“L”上转换回所述第一非整数叶叶片。
10.如权利要求9所述的元件，其特征在于，对于多次转换的所述的第一非整数叶叶片是相同的。
11.如权利要求9所述的元件，其特征在于，对于多次转换的所述的第二非整数叶叶片是相同的。
12.如上述任一权利要求所述的元件，其特征在于，所述的元件的长度与所述导程“L”是相等的。
13.一种用于同向旋转双螺杆加工设备的元件，其特征在于，所述元件具有一导程“L”和在其上形成的至少一个螺旋形连续非整数叶片，且其中所述非整数叶片至少一次在一小部分导程“L”上从第一非整数叶叶片转换为第二非整数叶叶片并在一小部分导程“L”上从第二非整数叶叶片转换为第三非整数叶叶片。
14.如权利要求13所述的元件，其特征在于，所述的第一非整数叶叶片、第二非整数叶叶片和第三非整数叶叶片是分数叶叶片。
15.如权利要求13所述的元件，其特征在于，所述的第一非整数叶叶片、第二非整数叶叶片和第三非整数叶叶片是无理数叶叶片。
16.一种双螺杆加工设备，其特征在于，包括：
一具有至少两个圆柱形壳腔的壳体，每个壳腔具有轴，该轴与另一轴平行布置；
至少一个第一螺杆轴和第二螺杆轴，它们分别布置在第一和第二壳腔中；所述第一和第二螺杆轴被设置成与元件一起限定一混合区；其中至少一个元件具有一导程“L”和在其上形成的至少一个呈螺旋形连续分布的叶片，以及所述叶片至少一次在一小部分导程“L”上从第一非整数叶叶片转换为第二非整数叶叶片并在一小部分导程“L”上转换回所述第一非整数叶叶片。
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