CN105974477A - Vessel-mounted deep sea natural gas hydrate detection sampling apparatus and method - Google Patents
Vessel-mounted deep sea natural gas hydrate detection sampling apparatus and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105974477A CN105974477A CN201610540296.5A CN201610540296A CN105974477A CN 105974477 A CN105974477 A CN 105974477A CN 201610540296 A CN201610540296 A CN 201610540296A CN 105974477 A CN105974477 A CN 105974477A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/38—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for water-covered areas
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
- B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
- B63C11/52—Tools specially adapted for working underwater, not otherwise provided for
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
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Abstract
The invention relates to a deep sea natural gas hydrate detection technology and especially relates to a vessel-mounted deep sea natural gas hydrate detection sampling apparatus and method. The vessel-mounted deep sea natural gas hydrate detection sampling apparatus comprises a computer, two acoustic depth finders with different frequencies, a work mother vessel, an A-type frame, a deep sea winch and a gravity sampler, wherein the computer is placed in a laboratory on the work mother vessel; the A-type frame is installed at the outer side of a fantail deck of the work mother vessel; the deep sea winch is disposed at the inner side of the fantail deck of the work mother vessel and cooperates with the A-type frame so as to realize placement and recovery operation of the gravity sampler; and the gravity sampler is connected with the deep sea winch, is formed by welding a stainless steel pipe, and the steel pipe at a lower portion is internally provided with a sampling pipe. The vessel-mounted deep sea natural gas hydrate detection sampling apparatus and method have the following advantages: the sampling apparatus is simple in structure and easy to operate, the method does not rely on a complex detection instrument and can realize vessel-mounted detection and sampling of deep sea natural gas hydrates simply by use of a general investigation instrument and sampling equipment, the detection scope is large, and the detection rapidness and accuracy are high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to deep-sea gas hydrates Detection Techniques, especially relate to deep-sea gas hydrates detection sampling
Method and device.
Background technology
The detection instrument of current gas hydrates is required for greatly carrying instrument carrying out gas receipts on underwater installation
Collection and analysis, under abyssal environment, the pressure class requirement to instrument is higher, and underwater instrument receives the impact of ocean current relatively greatly, water
The lower attitude being difficult to control detection instrument, causes detection accuracy poor, is not appropriate for large-scale deep-sea gas hydrates and visits
Survey.Chinese invention patent ZL2012102921083, it is provided that a kind of deep-sea based on gamma-rays compton backscattering scanning technique
According to backward compton scattering count feature, gas hydrates survey meter, judges whether measured object is gas hydrates,
But it needs to be mounted in and carries out near Sea Bottom detection on underwater research vehicle.Chinese invention patent ZL 2014101172768, it is provided that
The underwater exploration device of a kind of gas distributed in detection gas hydrates ore deposit, cold spring district, ocean, it uses and is arranged on work mother
Wide-mouth gas skirt below ship is collected gas hydrates below the earth's crust of seabed and is dispersed in sea water by earth's crust gap, seabed
Bubble containing methane content, uses analysis cell that the change of the physical quantity of the bubble containing methane content is converted into the signal of telecommunication,
And carried out collection and the process of signal by electronic computer, the wireless transmission antenna being arranged on above wireless transmitting station will contain
The analysis result information of the bubble of methane content sends, but its seabed needing detecting devices is transferred to desired depth,
It is limited by the pressure grade of instrument, it is impossible to carry out the habitata of the big degree of depth.Chinese invention patent ZL2011101874786,
Provide a kind of gas hydrates sampler, use wire line coring double pipe structure, it is adaptable to pressure tight sampling occasion, but it needs
Want external driver device to be transferred in deposit layer, be not suitable for gravity sampling, and its structure is complicated, in complexity
In environments such as subsea, equipment failure rate is higher.
In current deep-sea gas hydrates detection apparatus and method, lack one and on a large scale, both can guarantee that detection
The degree of depth and rapidity, again can sampler easy, easy-operating and method.
Summary of the invention
The invention aims to solve problems of the prior art, it is provided that a kind of boating type deep-sea gas water
Compound detection sampler and method.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of boating type deep-sea gas hydrates are visited
Measure sampling device, take including computer, the two set acoustic depth sounding instrument of different frequency, working mother boat, A type frame, deep-sea winch, gravity
Sample device；Computer is positioned in the laboratory on working mother boat；A type frame is installed on outside the aftdeck of working mother boat；Deep-sea
Winch is positioned at inside the aftdeck of working mother boat, coordinates input and the reclaimer operation realizing gravity corer with A type frame；Weight
Power sampler is connected with deep-sea winch, stainless steel tube be welded, and is placed with sampling tube in the steel pipe of bottom.
Sampling tube is combined by two high molecule plastic semicircular cylinders and forms, and the sampling for bottom sediment preserves, and takes
The lower end of sample device is fixed with the device of anti-sampling thing back skating.
Acoustic depth sounding instrument is 20kHz and 38kHz echo depth sounder, and including main frame and transducer, its main frame is positioned at laboratory
In, transducer is installed in the middle part of working mother boat hull bottom, and the transducer of two sounding instruments keeps at a certain distance away.
The upper weld of gravity corer has the balancing weight of constant weight.
GPS sea chart software and acoustics imaging software are installed on described computer.
The another kind of technical scheme that the present invention uses is: a kind of boating type deep-sea gas hydrates detection sampling method,
Comprise the following steps:
1, first, detection marine site is determined；Deep annotation selected depth gradient variable according to the GPS sea chart software installed on computer
Changing violent marine site is search coverage；Way point and detective path is determined by GPS sea chart software；
2, start acoustic depth sounding instrument and carry out reflection sounding, and the acoustics of the detection of display inverting in real time cuts open on acoustics imaging software
Face image；This profile image abscissa is distance, and vertical coordinate is the degree of depth, and reflex strength is the biggest, and the color of imaging is the deepest；
3, may burying a little of gas hydrates is determined by the echo of observation acoustic depth sounding instrument；
4, after determining may the burying a little of gas hydrates, transferring and deposit sampling operation of gravity corer is carried out.
In step (3), the determination method a little of may burying of gas hydrates is: investigation lash ship advance during,
When acoustic profile image sprays the phenomenon of cold spring shape if there is seabed, then need this point is reaffirmed；Investigation mother
Ship crosses this sensing point from different directions, if again there is the image of seabed spurting, then may determine that this point is sky
So spray site is revealed in the seabed of gas hydrate；This bursting point is carried out stationary scans detection, observes the spurting of spray site
Condition, now the abscissa of acoustic profile image is the time, and vertical coordinate is depth value, represents the seabed of certain time this spray site interior
Jet flow rule over time；
In step (4), the determination method of gravity corer depth location is: to the less stationary scanning acoustic profile figure buried a little
As upper, the movement locus of sampler shows as continuous print tracing point and is linked to be an oblique line, by observing the rail of image bend
Mark determines the position of sampler.
The boating type deep-sea gas hydrates detection sampler of the present invention and method, have the beneficial effect that sampler
Simple in construction, processing ease.Method is independent of the detection instrument of complexity, and uses the most general investigation instrument and sampling equipment
Just can realize boating type detection and the sampling of deep-sea gas hydrates, investigative range is big, detect rapidity and accuracy is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the boating type deep-sea gas hydrates detection sampler of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that acoustic echo detects device；
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the boating type deep-sea gas hydrates detection sampling method of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment detects sampler and method to the boating type deep-sea gas hydrates of the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
It is described in detail and illustrates.
Embodiment 1 the present embodiment is the boating type deep-sea gas hydrates detection sampler of the present invention, such as Fig. 1 and
Shown in Fig. 2, this device includes: working mother boat 1, be provided with GPS sea chart software and the computer 3 of acoustics imaging software, deep-sea strand
Car 4, A type frame 5,20kHz echo depth sounder 6,38kHz echo depth sounder 7, gravity corer 10.
Computer 3 is positioned in the laboratory 2 on working mother boat 1；A type frame 5 is installed on outside the aftdeck of working mother boat 1
Side；Deep-sea winch 4 is positioned at inside the aftdeck of working mother boat, coordinate with A type frame 5 realize gravity corer 10 input and
Reclaimer operation.Gravity corer 10 is connected with deep-sea winch 4, stainless steel tube be welded, and upper weld has constant weight
Balancing weight 11, to strengthen its gravity under water；Sampling tube 12 it is placed with in the steel pipe of bottom.Sampling tube is by two high molecule plastics
Semicircular cylinder is combined composition, and the sampling for bottom sediment preserves, and the lower end of gravity corer is fixed with and prevents from sampling thing
The device of back skating.
Acoustic depth sounding instrument is 20kHz echo depth sounder 6 and 38kHz echo depth sounder 7, and its main frame is positioned at laboratory 2,
The transducer 9 of the transducer 8 and 38kHz echo depth sounder of 20kHz echo depth sounder is installed in the middle part of the hull bottom of working mother boat 1,
For preventing transducer signal from disturbing, the transducer of two sounding instruments keeps at a certain distance away.
Embodiment 2 the present embodiment is boating type deep-sea gas hydrates detection sampling method, the flow process of the method such as figure
Shown in 3, specifically comprise the following steps that
(1) detection marine site first, is determined.Deep-sea gas hydrates are generally present in the seabed Lu Po that seafloor terrain gradient is bigger
Place.The marine site that deep annotation selected depth graded according to GPS sea chart software is violent is search coverage.By GPS sea chart
Software determines way point and detective path.The way point selecting several key point to be research vessel detection on GPS sea chart, is visiting
The navigation route of planning survey lash ship in survey marine site, programme path is intensive S molded line road.Graded according to seabed Lu Po
Direction, first carries out being parallel to the detection of gradient direction, then carries out being perpendicular to the detection of gradient direction.Investigation lash ship is by planning
Way point, advances with the speed of a ship or plane of 5-6 joint, and the transducer of acoustic depth sounding instrument is fixed on the centre position of hull bottom.Start acoustics simultaneously
Sounding instrument carries out reflection sounding, and the acoustic profile image of the detection of display inverting in real time, this section on acoustics imaging software
Image abscissa is distance, and vertical coordinate is the degree of depth, and reflex strength is the biggest, and the color of imaging is the deepest.20kHz and 38kHz acoustics is surveyed
Deep instrument works simultaneously, contrasts the acoustic picture obtained, and the acoustic depth sounding instrument imaging precision of 38kHz is high, the acoustics of 20kHz
Sounding instrument detection range is remote；Both complement one another.
(2) secondly, may burying a little of gas hydrates is determined by the echo of observation acoustic depth sounding instrument.Investigation
Lash ship, during advancing, when spraying the phenomenon of cold spring shape in acoustic profile image if there is seabed, then needs to click on this
Row is reaffirmed.Investigation lash ship crosses this sensing point from different directions, if again there is the image of seabed spurting, then may be used
To determine that this point is the seabed leakage injection of gas hydrates.Now, the speed of a ship or plane controlling investigation lash ship is approximately zero, to this
Bursting point carries out stationary scans detection, observes the injection situation of spray site, when now the abscissa of acoustic profile image is
Between, vertical coordinate is depth value, represents the Submarine Exhalative rule over time of certain time this spray site interior.
(3) then, after determining may the burying a little of gas hydrates, transferring and deposit of gravity corer is carried out
Sampling operation.While realizing spray site stationary scans, for verifying whether to bury a little for gas hydrates, needing will weight
Power sampler is thrown in down to carry out Seafloor sediment sampling operation.
First, deep-sea winch passes through A type frame, and steel wire rope is connected to the top of gravity corer.Secondly, control winch to receive
Putting, gravity corer lifting got up by winch, gravity corer is rendered to sea by the gradient then controlling A type frame
On, until A type frame arrive precalculated position and sampler rock static after, control the lowering velocity of winch, twisted by observation
The wirerope folding and unfolding length of car liquid crystal display screen, that reads sampler transfers the degree of depth, when soon arriving desired depth, reduces winch folding and unfolding
Speed, transfers to sampler at nautical mile desired depth lentamente, 50 meters high of the desired depth general end off sea.Further, logical
Cross observation echo acoustic picture, adjust the position of working mother boat in real time, the position of sampler is placed in gas hydrates and buries
The surface of point.Now, controlling the steel wire rope lowering velocity of winch, the maximum lowering velocity with winch is vertical by gravity corer
Insert in bottom sediment.Gravity corer lower end is equipped with the device preventing sampling deposit back skating.After having sampled, control strand
The pullback rate of car, mentions gravity corer.After gravity corer rises on sea, A type frame and winch cooperating,
Mentioned the predetermined position of quarter deck to place, and be fixed.
Unloading the anti-slip equipment of gravity sampler, the sampling tube being placed on its interior deposit takes from the lower end of sampler
Go out, be placed in laboratory table, with cutter, sampling tube separated, observed samples thing whether contain white crystal, if having, then at the beginning of
Step is judged as the gas hydrates buried, and needs to use chemical analysis method to analyze further and determines.Boating type gas water
Compound investigation method is independent of the detecting devices with complex and expensive, and can realize only with conventional detection and sampling equipment right
The scan-type detection in marine site on a large scale, it has the advantages that investigative range is big, detection is quick, accuracy is high.
The determination method of gravity corer depth location.A length of 6 meters of gravity corer, diameter width is 20 centimetres, its
Size on echological picture is almost a point, and static point is difficult to observe over the display.To this end, by burying a little
Less stationary scanning, the movement locus of such sampler shows as continuous print tracing point on image and is linked to be an oblique line,
The position of sampler can be determined by observing the track of echo profile image bend.
Claims (8)
1. a boating type deep-sea gas hydrates detection sampler, it is characterised in that: include computer, the two different frequencies of set
The acoustic depth sounding instrument of rate, working mother boat, A type frame, deep-sea winch, gravity corer；Computer is positioned over the reality on working mother boat
Test indoor；A type frame is installed on outside the aftdeck of working mother boat；Deep-sea winch is positioned at inside the aftdeck of working mother boat,
Input and the reclaimer operation realizing gravity corer is coordinated with A type frame；Gravity corer is connected with deep-sea winch, by rustless steel
Sealing of tube forms, and is placed with sampling tube in the steel pipe of bottom.
Boating type deep-sea the most according to claim 1 gas hydrates detection sampler, it is characterised in that: sampling tube
Being combined by two high molecule plastic semicircular cylinders and form, the sampling for bottom sediment preserves, the lower end of gravity corer
It is fixed with the device preventing sampling thing back skating.
Boating type deep-sea the most according to claim 1 gas hydrates detection sampler, it is characterised in that: acoustics is surveyed
Deep instrument is 20kHz and 38kHz echo depth sounder, and including main frame and transducer, its main frame is positioned at laboratory, and transducer is installed on
In the middle part of working mother boat hull bottom, the transducer of two sounding instruments keeps at a certain distance away.
4., according to the boating type deep-sea gas hydrates detection sampler described in any one of claim 1-3, its feature exists
In: the upper weld of gravity corer has the balancing weight of constant weight.
5., according to the boating type deep-sea gas hydrates detection sampler described in any one of claim 1-3, its feature exists
In: GPS sea chart software and acoustics imaging software are installed on described computer.
6. a boating type deep-sea gas hydrates detection sampling method, comprises the following steps:
(1) detection marine site, first, is determined；Deep annotation selected depth gradient according to the GPS sea chart software installed on computer
Changing violent marine site is search coverage；Way point and detective path is determined by GPS sea chart software；
(2), start acoustic depth sounding instrument and carry out reflection sounding, and the acoustics of the detection of display inverting in real time on acoustics imaging software
Profile image；This profile image abscissa is distance, and vertical coordinate is the degree of depth, and reflex strength is the biggest, and the color of imaging is the deepest；
(3), may burying a little of gas hydrates is determined by the echo of observation acoustic depth sounding instrument；
(4), after determining may the burying a little of gas hydrates, transferring and deposit sampling behaviour of gravity corer is carried out
Make.
Boating type deep-sea the most according to claim 6 gas hydrates detection sampling method, it is characterised in that: step
(3), in, the determination method a little of may burying of gas hydrates is: investigation lash ship advance during, acoustic profile image
In if there is seabed injection cold spring shape phenomenon time, then need this point is reaffirmed；Investigation lash ship is from different directions
Cross this sensing point, if the image of seabed spurting occurs again, then may determine that this point is gas hydrates
Spray site is revealed in seabed；This bursting point carrying out stationary scans detection, observes the injection situation of spray site, now acoustics cuts open
The abscissa of face image is the time, and vertical coordinate is depth value, represents that the Submarine Exhalative of this spray site in certain time is in time
Changing Pattern.
Boating type deep-sea the most according to claim 6 gas hydrates detection sampling method, it is characterised in that: step
(4) in, gravity corer is transferred the determination method of depth location and is: to the less stationary scanning acoustic profile image buried a little
On, the movement locus of sampler shows as continuous print tracing point and is linked to be an oblique line, by observing the track of image bend
Determine the position of sampler.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018209838A1 (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2018-11-22 | 国家***第一海洋研究所 | System for detecting hydrates near seafloor |
| CN110531365A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2019-12-03 | 自然资源部第一海洋研究所 | A kind of comprehensive in-situ investigation sample platform in far-reaching sea |
| CN111806647A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-10-23 | 山东省海洋资源与环境研究院(山东省海洋环境监测中心、山东省水产品质量检验中心) | Throwing device of marine survey instrument for ship |
| CN114062058A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-02-18 | 山东大学 | Seabed excited gas collecting device |
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Address after: 266071 Shandong city of Qingdao province Zhejiang City Road No. 28 Applicant after: Marine Instrument Inst., Shandong Academy of Sciences Address before: Miao road Laoshan District 266100 Shandong city of Qingdao province No. 37 Provincial Academy of Sciences Research Building Applicant before: Marine Instrument Inst., Shandong Academy of Sciences |
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