CN105974407B - A kind of Ground Penetrating Radar subterranean layer position detecting method - Google Patents
A kind of Ground Penetrating Radar subterranean layer position detecting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105974407B CN105974407B CN201610458163.3A CN201610458163A CN105974407B CN 105974407 B CN105974407 B CN 105974407B CN 201610458163 A CN201610458163 A CN 201610458163A CN 105974407 B CN105974407 B CN 105974407B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/885—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for ground probing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/12—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with electromagnetic waves
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Abstract
A kind of Ground Penetrating Radar subterranean layer position detecting method, comprising steps of S1: inputting the echo-signal of Ground Penetrating Radar；S2: determining start reference road, initiating searches point from echo-signal, determines search road, determines dependent thresholds TcWith distance threshold D, and determining reference windows size, search box size；S3: the cross correlation value r (m) of signal and signal in next signal search road window in library track reference window is calculated；S4: according to the threshold value T of calculated result and settingcSearch channel layer position, next library track and next signal search road are judged with D；And S5: iterative step S3-S4 carries out the detection of layer position.The present invention is directed to correlation and continuity between Gpr Signal, realizes the fast and effective extraction to subterranean layer position information in Gpr Signal, is of great significance for the explanation and geological analysis of Coherent Noise in GPR Record in engineer application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to radar systems, further to a kind of Ground Penetrating Radar subterranean layer position detecting method.
Background technique
The geologic interpretation of Ground-penetrating-radar Data is the purpose of Ground Penetrating Radar measurement, this work is usually after data processing
In resulting radar data section, Ground Penetrating Radar is determined by the tracking of lineups according to the waveform and strength characteristic of back wave
The geological meaning of signal is explained according to sectional view and obtains entire survey area's end result figure.As long as existing electrically in underground medium
Difference, so that it may corresponding back wave is found in radar image section, therefore, the basis of Ground Penetrating Radar geologic interpretation is just
It is to extract subsurface reflector.
The mark for identifying same stratum back wave is same phasic property, similitude etc., and past explanation personnel generally use artificial
Method extract layer position needs to find local continuity and similarity feature in data, to identify the lineups to be extracted.
The method for tracing is suitable for the Coherent Noise in GPR Record of any complexity, and major advantage is the warp for having given full play to data and having explained personnel
It tests, when noise is relatively low, the shortcomings that capable of overcoming unartificial method is disadvantageous in that and explains that speed is slow, same to phase
The precision of axis tracking is not high, there are faint jumps etc..
The most frequently used at present and reliable layer position detecting method is layer position correlation detection.Thickness and Jie due to each layer in underground
The features such as electric constant usually change slowly, and sampling interval is generally very close (< 20cm) between the road of ground penetrating radar system, therefore same
The features such as position, shape of the reflection signal in neighboring track Coherent Noise in GPR Record at one layering interfaces are close, that is, have relatively strong
Correlation.If intercepting the cross-talk signal containing back wave in single track Gpr Signal, computing cross-correlation can be passed through
The position of matched same layer reflection signal is found in lower one of Gpr Signal.If x indicates Coherent Noise in GPR Record
Road serial number, k indicate single track Gpr Signal in sampled point serial number, then the algorithm steps of layer position correlation detection can return
It receives as follows:
(1) using xth road as start reference road, a search starting point is set near backscattered signal having, and be with it
It is L that center, which takes length,rReference window obtained with redefining reference window centered on peak point (x, k) in window for relevant matches
The reference template subsignal of operation；
(2) in (x+1)th road centered on (x+1, k), intercepted length LSSearch window subsignal；
(3) the cross-correlation r (m) for calculating search window subsignal and reference template subsignal, it is corresponding to find out cross-correlation maximum
Subscript rmAs corresponding position offset, the then inspection known to geometrical relationship in search window to the reflection signal in reference window
Survey road in reflecting layer position should be (x+1,)；
(4) with the detection road for new library track, reflecting layer position is that new search starting point continuation iteration above step is complete
Layered position detection.
Existing layer position correlation detection can obtain good inspection for continuous and high s/n ratio Gpr Signal
Survey effect.However, in practical engineering applications, there are two obvious shortcomings for this method:
(1) actual underground layered structure is not totally continuous, and layer position correlation detection this assumes that anti-
It is continuous for penetrating layer, therefore once encounters layer position interruption or abnormal, and algorithm can't stop immediately, and be to continue with according to false layer
Position continues to test, and testing result is be easy to cause to deviate its physical location.
(2) when underground there are two or more layer of position apart from it is close when, layer position correlation detection may be by adjacent layer
Position is mistakenly considered institute's detection layers position.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, solution is above-mentioned extremely the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of Ground Penetrating Radar subterranean layer position detecting method
One item missing problem of the existing technology.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of Ground Penetrating Radar subterranean layer position detecting method, comprising the following steps:
S1: the echo-signal of Ground Penetrating Radar is inputted；
S2: determining start reference road, initiating searches point from echo-signal, determines search road, determines dependent thresholds TcWith
Distance threshold D, and determine reference windows size, search box size；
S3: the cross correlation value r (m) of signal and signal in signal search road window in library track reference window is calculated；
S4: according to the threshold value T of calculated result and settingcJudge that search channel layer position, next library track and next signal are searched with D
Cableway；
S5: iterative step S3-S4 carries out the detection of layer position.
A specific embodiment according to the present invention, the echo-signal of the step S1 include passage, amplitude, sample rate,
Centre frequency and bandwidth.
A specific embodiment according to the present invention, the step S2 includes sub-step:
S21: start reference road x, initiating searches point (x, P are determined from echo-signalx), x value is in the road of echo-signal
In underrange；Wherein, PxFor sampled point, the i.e. ordinate of echo signal data.
S22: determining search road y, and value determines dependent thresholds T in the pass limits of echo-signalcWith distance threshold D；
S23: with Searching point (x, Px) centered on, reference windows size is calculated, length L is obtainedrReference template subsignal；
S24: with (y, Py) centered on, search box size is calculated, length L is obtainedsReference template subsignal.
A specific embodiment according to the present invention, the step S3 includes the sub-step calculated cross correlation value:
Wherein, x is library track signal, and y is search road signal, and N is channel length.
A specific embodiment according to the present invention, the step S4 includes sub-step:
S41: cross-correlation maximum M is found out according to cross correlation value r (m)c；
S42: compare cross-correlation maximum McWith dependent thresholds TcSize；
S43: if Mc≥Tc, then compare | Py-Px| the size with distance threshold D:
S431: if | Py-Px|≤D, by PyAs the layer position of search road y, and with y for next library track, with (y, Py) it is new
Searching point continue to test；
S432: if | Py-Px| > D is found in search road .y away from PxNearest extreme point MyAs the layer position of search road y, but
Still with x for next library track, (x, Px) continued to test for Searching point；
If Mc< Tc, find in search road y away from PxNearest extreme point MyIt is as the layer position of search road y, but still with x
Next library track, (x, Px) continued to test for Searching point.
A specific embodiment according to the present invention, the dependent thresholds TcValue are as follows:
Wherein, x is library track signal, and N is channel length.
A specific embodiment according to the present invention, the value of the distance threshold D are 20~50 points.
A specific embodiment according to the present invention also has step S6 after step s 5: carrying out detecting it to layer position
Afterwards, output layer position information.
Through the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) by the method for the invention it is possible to prevente effectively from the fracture of subterranean layer position or Gpr Signal are abnormal to the detection of layer position
As a result influence.Choosing reasonable dependent thresholds can limit to per testing result together, when subterranean layer position is broken
When splitting or is abnormal, reference template subsignal and search window subsignal cross-correlation maximum are less than dependent thresholds, it is considered that this is searched
Cableway and library track similitude and continuity are poor, are nearest extreme point as searching for channel layer position and still using away from reference channel layer
Library track before right use continues to detect with search starting point.This avoid the fractures of subterranean layer position or abnormal signal to inspection
The influence for surveying result, can obtain more accurate subterranean layer position information；
(2) when there are two or more apart from close layer position in underground structure, the method for the present invention can be effective
Prevent influence of the adjacent layer position to testing result.If search road estimates the distance between layer position and Searching point and has exceeded selection
Distance threshold, then it is assumed that this estimates risk of the layer position there are erroneous detection to adjacent layer position, will be equally nearest pole away from reference channel layer
Value point is as search channel layer position and the library track still before use continues to detect with search starting point, ensure that entire
Testing result not will receive the influence of adjacent layer position in detection process；
(3) present invention is realized in Gpr Signal for correlation and continuity between Gpr Signal
The fast and effective extraction of lower layer's position information, explanation and geological analysis for Coherent Noise in GPR Record in engineer application have important meaning
Justice.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of a specific embodiment Ground Penetrating Radar subterranean layer position detecting method of the invention.
Fig. 2 is that treated in of the invention specific embodiment ground penetrating radar echo signals schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is a specific embodiment initiating searches road signal schematic representation of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a specific embodiment layer position testing result figure of the invention.
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and reference
Attached drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.It is following to be intended to referring to explanation of the attached drawing to embodiment of the present invention to this hair
Bright present general inventive concept explains, and is not construed as to a kind of limitation of the invention.
Inventive concept generally according to the present invention provides a kind of Ground Penetrating Radar subterranean layer position detecting method, including following
Step:
S1: the echo-signal of Ground Penetrating Radar is inputted；
S2: determining start reference road, initiating searches point from echo-signal, determines search road, determines dependent thresholds TcWith
Distance threshold D, and determine reference windows size, search box size；
S3: the cross correlation value r (m) of signal and signal in next signal search road window in library track reference window is calculated；
S4: it is searched according to calculated result and the threshold value Tc and D of setting judgement search channel layer position, next library track and next signal
Cableway；
S5: iterative step S3-S4 carries out the detection of layer position.
By selecting reasonable threshold value and determining again every time, this avoid the fractures of subterranean layer position or abnormal signal to inspection
The influence for surveying result, can obtain more accurate subterranean layer position information.
In step S1, the information for including in the echo-signal of Ground Penetrating Radar has passage, amplitude, sample frequency, centre frequency
With bandwidth etc., start reference road, initiating searches point can be provided for subsequent step.
In step S2, library track x is generally since first, if meeting dependent thresholds T when calculatingcWith distance threshold D
Requirement, then search for as new library track, if conditions are not met, then still keeping former library track.Road y is searched for generally from second
Start, successively calculate, until last one.
It is preferred that step S2 include sub-step S21: from echo-signal determine start reference road x, initiating searches point (x,
Px), x value is in the pass limits of echo-signal, PxFor sampled point；S22: search road y is determined, value is in the road of echo-signal
In underrange, dependent thresholds T is determinedcWith distance threshold D；S23: with Searching point (x, Px) centered on, reference windows size is calculated,
Obtain length LrReference template subsignal；S24: with (y, Py) centered on, search box size is calculated, length L is obtainedsGinseng
Examine template subsignal.
In step S3, the calculating of cross correlation value preferably carries out in the following way:
The sub-step that cross correlation value is calculated:
Wherein, x is library track signal, and y is search road signal, and N is channel length.
In step S4, judgment mode preferably includes:
S41: cross-correlation maximum M is found out according to cross correlation value r (m)c；
S42: compare cross-correlation maximum McWith dependent thresholds TcSize；
S43: if Mc≥Tc, then compare | Py-Px| the size with distance threshold D:
S431: if | Py-Px|≤D, by PyAs the layer position of search road y, and with y for next library track, with (y, Py) it is new
Searching point continue to test；
S432: if | Py-Px| > D is found in search road y away from PxNearest extreme point MyAs the layer position of search road y, but
Still with x for next library track, (x, Px) continued to test for Searching point；
If Mc< Tc, find in search road y away from PxNearest extreme point MyIt is as the layer position of search road y, but still with x
Next library track, (x, Px) continued to test for Searching point.
In step S5, iterative detection preferably detects the per pass signal of Ground Penetrating Radar one by one.After the step
It may include exporting each layer position information, draw layer position testing result figure.
Referring to Fig. 1, the following are a preferred embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of Ground Penetrating Radar subterranean layer position detecting method,
Comprising steps of
(1) using xth road as start reference road, with (x, Px) it is initiating searches point, determine dependent thresholds TcWith distance threshold D；
(2) with initiating searches point (x, Px) centered on, obtaining length is LrReference template subsignal；
It (3) is search road with the road y, with (y, Px) centered on, obtaining length is LSSearch window subsignal；
(4) according to algorithm disclosed in above embodiments, calculating search window subsignal is mutual with reference template subsignal
Relationship number r (m) finds out cross-correlation maximum McCorresponding subscript RmAs to the reflection signal in reference window in search window phase
The position offset answered obtains search road and estimates layer position and should be (y, Py), wherein
(5) compare cross-correlation maximum McWith dependent thresholds TcSize；
(6) if Mc< Tc, find in search road y away from PxNearest extreme point MyAs the layer position of search road y, but still with x
For library track, (x, Px) continued to test for Searching point；
(7) if Mc≥Tc, then compare | Py-Px| the size with distance threshold D；
(8) if | Py-Px|≤D, by PyAs the layer position of search road y, and with y for new library track, with (y, Py) it is new
Searching point continues to test；
(9) if | Py-Px| > D is found in search road y away from PxNearest extreme point MyAs the layer position of search road y, but still
So using x as library track, (x, Px) continued to test for Searching point；
(10) iteration above step complete layer position is detected.
The method illustrated by above institute's specific embodiment carries out the detection of layer position to ground penetrating radar echo signals:
(1) treated ground penetrating radar echo signals are inputted, as shown in Fig. 2, altogether including 2000 signals, sample rate is
51.2GHz, centre frequency 1GHz, bandwidth 1GHz；
(2) using first of signal as start reference road, as shown in figure 3, being respectively first layer with the 405th point and the 523rd point
With the initiating searches point of the second layer, dependent thresholds Tc=107, distance threshold D=10.Reference template subsignal and search window letter
Number length is 40；
(3) after by aforesaid operations step by road detection, obtained subterranean layer position is as shown in Figure 4.From the figure, it can be seen that should
Method obtains two layers of continuous clearly subterranean layer position information, works well.
Particular embodiments described above has carried out further in detail the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects
Describe in detail bright, it should be understood that the above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, it is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should be included in protection of the invention
Within the scope of.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of Ground Penetrating Radar subterranean layer position detecting method, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
S1: the echo-signal of Ground Penetrating Radar is inputted；
S2: determining start reference road x, initiating searches point from echo-signal, determines search road y, determines dependent thresholds TcAnd distance
Threshold value D, and determine reference windows size, search box size；
S3: the cross correlation value r (m) of signal and signal in signal search road search window in library track reference window is calculated；
S4: according to the dependent thresholds T of calculated result and settingcWith distance threshold D judge search channel layer position, next library track and under
One signal search road；
S5: iterative step S3-S4 carries out the detection of layer position,
Wherein, step S4 includes sub-step:
S41: cross-correlation maximum M is found out according to cross correlation value r (m)c；
S42: compare cross-correlation maximum McWith dependent thresholds TcSize；
S43:PxFor the sampled point in library track, PyFor search road in sampled point, if Mc≥Tc, then compare | Py-Px| with distance
The size of threshold value D:
S431: if | Py-Px|≤D, by PyAs the layer position of search road y, and with y for next library track, with (y, Py) it is new search
Rope point continues to test；
S432: if | Py-Px| > D is found in search road y away from PxNearest extreme point MyAs the layer position of search road y, but still with
X is next library track, (x, Px) continued to test for Searching point；
If Mc< Tc, find in search road y away from PxNearest extreme point MyAs the layer position of search road y, but still with x for next ginseng
It examines, (x, Px) continued to test for Searching point.
2. Ground Penetrating Radar subterranean layer position detecting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the echo of the step S1
Signal includes passage, amplitude, sample rate, centre frequency and bandwidth.
3. Ground Penetrating Radar subterranean layer position detecting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step S2 includes son
Step:
S21: start reference road x, initiating searches point (x, P are determined from echo-signalx), pass limits of the x value in echo-signal
It is interior；
S22: determining search road y, and value determines dependent thresholds T in the pass limits of echo-signalcWith distance threshold D；
S23: with Searching point (x, Px) centered on, reference windows size is calculated, length L is obtainedrThe first reference template subsignal；
S24: with (y, Py) centered on, search box size is calculated, length L is obtainedSThe second reference template subsignal.
4. Ground Penetrating Radar subterranean layer position detecting method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the step S3 includes pair
The sub-step that cross correlation value is calculated:
Wherein, x (n) is library track signal, and y (m+n) is search road signal, and N is channel length.
5. Ground Penetrating Radar subterranean layer position detecting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the dependent thresholds Tc's
Value are as follows:
Wherein, x (n) is library track signal, and N is channel length.
6. Ground Penetrating Radar subterranean layer position detecting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the distance threshold D's
Value is 20~50 points.
7. Ground Penetrating Radar subterranean layer position detecting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also have after step s 5
There is step S6: after being detected to layer position, output layer position information.
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| CN106443668B (en) * | 2016-10-08 | 2019-02-15 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | The evaluation method of highway pavement splitting based on Ground Penetrating Radar |
| CN109343019B (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2019-10-18 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of Georadar Data means of interpretation and device |
| CN109613490B (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2022-12-06 | 中国科学院国家天文台 | Method for judging validity of lunar radar detection data horizon signal |
| CN110034915B (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2021-09-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | High-speed asynchronous serial data transmission method applied to array type ground penetrating radar |
| CN110346791A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-10-18 | 上海圭目机器人有限公司 | A kind of search of multichannel Ground Penetrating Radar layer position and optimization algorithm |
| CN111562620B (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2022-11-29 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 | Automatic horizon tracking method and system for ground penetrating radar |
| CN111929646A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-11-13 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Beam scanning ground penetrating radar system and intelligent beam scanning detection method |
| CN112014816B (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2022-09-23 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Double-pass travel time calculation method based on improved horizon tracking algorithm |
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