CN105973786A - Shale base block dynamic damage evaluation device and method based on liquid pressure pulse - Google Patents
Shale base block dynamic damage evaluation device and method based on liquid pressure pulse Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000012224 working solution Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011067 equilibration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012417 linear regression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical class O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003722 extracellular fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a shale base block dynamic damage evaluation device and method based on a liquid pressure pulse. The device comprises an upstream standard room, a downstream standard room, a rock core clamping device, a confining pressure pump, a vacuum pump, a constant-pressure and constant-flow pump, a middle container, a pressure sensor, a constant-temperature system and the like; a damage experiment is performed under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, and a dynamic damage process on a shale base block by working fluid in drilling and completion and cracking processes is simulated; and by monitoring the difference of a pulse attenuation curve of a rock to be detected by standard saline water before and after dynamic damages, the permeability of rock core fluid before and after the dynamic damages is calculated by utilizing a liquid pressure pulse model, so that the evaluation of a dynamic damage degree of the shale base block by the working fluid is realized. The completion of the working fluid damage evaluation method system of the drilling and completion and cracking processes of shale gas can be facilitated, and technical supports are provided for preferring and optimization of a working fluid formula, so that the shale base block dynamic damage evaluation device and method have certain popularization prospects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fine and close oil and gas reservoir infringement and working liquid capability evaluates field, be that a kind of simulation shale gas reservoir is drilled
Shale matrix is dynamically invaded and the evaluating apparatus of course of damage and method by well and pressure break link working solution.
Background technology
For meeting World Economics to the energy, the especially demand to clean energy resource, oil-gas exploration and development is gradually to shale gas
Resource marches, and breaks through in recent years achieving great exploration and development.Compared to conventional gas reservoir, shale gas reservoir lithology causes
Close, shale matrix (the invisible microcrack of naked eyes) is based on nanoscale hole, and meanwhile, it is high and super that reservoir has clay mineral content
Low water saturation feature.In being drilled well and fracturing process, working solution (drilling fluid, cementing fluid and fracturing fluid etc.) at pressure reduction and
Invade shale matrix under capillary force effect, easily cause formation damage.Therefore, simulation is drilled well and fracturing process, liquid of carrying out the work
Testing shale matrix the dynamic damage for appraisal liquid reservoir protection performance, Optimization Work formula of liquid is significant.
Damage appraisement method currently for shale reservoir mainly continues to use People's Republic of China's petroleum gas row
The working solution damage appraisement experiment side of industry standard (SY/T 6540-2002 damage of drilling fluid and completion fluid oil reservoir indoor evaluation method)
Method.The method, based on Darcy formula, uses testing rock core permeability before and after the test infringement of conventional stationarity displacement process.But,
Shale matrix permeability is extremely low, even if liquid surveys permeability generally less than 0.01mD, conventional stable state displacement process under the conditions of not damaging
The pressure reduction that test matrix Test Liquid Permeability of Core requires is very big, the longest, is even difficult to successfully.After working solution infringement, testing rock core
Permeability reduce further, stable state displacement process is generally difficult to record effective permeability value, thus causes the damage appraisement cannot
Carry out smoothly.Further, existing infringement method of testing is typically testing rock core displacement test under pressure differential, is drilled well with actual
With in fracturing process, it is the poorest that working solution exists in the course of damage invaded to matrix leak-off while pit shaft/flow in fracture
Different.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the present invention provide one disclosure satisfy that liquid is surveyed permeability and is as little as received darcy (10-6～10-2mD)
The testing rock core working solution of magnitude damages dynamically evil evaluation demand, and effectively simulation reservoir temperature pressure and working solution dynamically invaded
The shale matrix the dynamic damage evaluating apparatus based on fluid pressure pulse of journey and method.
Present invention shale based on fluid pressure pulse matrix the dynamic damage evaluating apparatus, including: core holding unit, arrange
Upstream standard room above described rock clamper, be arranged on the downstream standard chamber below rock clamper and with described on
The intermediate receptacle that the inlet of trip standard chamber is connected by constant pressure and flow pump, wherein, described core holding unit and the described rock of control
The confined pressure pump of heart clamp holder clamping dynamics connects, and the top liquid outlet of described upstream standard room passes through the control of export of upstream standard room
Valve is connected with the inlet of intermediate receptacle, and described upstream standard room is additionally provided with under the rock core output services liquid of gripper
Portion's spray liquid outlet, described downstream standard chamber is provided with the inlet receiving the working solution that described rock core oozes out, described lower vernier
The air inlet of quasi-room connects vacuum pump by evacuation control valve, and the liquid outlet of described downstream standard chamber connects discharge opeing control
Valve, connect between described upstream standard room, downstream standard chamber have between control upstream standard room and downstream standard chamber connective
Balance control valve, described upstream standard room, downstream standard chamber are connected to pressure transducer；
Described upstream standard room, described downstream standard chamber, described core holding unit, described evacuation control valve and described
Discharge opeing control valve is placed in described constant temperature system；
Described balance control valve is fluid pressure/connectedness control valve, when this balance control valve is opened, and upstream standard
Room, downstream standard chamber directly connect, and when this balance control valve is closed, upstream standard room fluid can only be flowed into down by rock core
Trip, connects with downstream standard chamber indirectly；
When described balance control valve is closed, the port of export of described intermediate receptacle and described constant pressure and flow pump, described upstream
Standard chamber inlet control valve, described upstream standard room, described upstream standard room discharge control valve and described intermediate receptacle entrance point
It is sequentially connected with, and constitutes closed circuit；Working solution in described intermediate receptacle is sucked by described constant pressure and flow pump, and by described
Working solution is pumped in described upstream standard room by upstream standard chamber inlet control valve, then through described upstream standard room control of export
Valve returns described intermediate receptacle, completes working solution circulation；In working solution cyclic process, when the fluid pressure of described upstream standard room
When power is more than the fluid pressure of described downstream standard chamber, working solution will invade described rock core under the effect of positive differential pressure, and flows into
Described downstream standard chamber, and then simulate the actual working solution the dynamic damage evaluation being drilled in well and fracturing process.
Further, the end face of the described rock core in described core holding unit directly contacts with described upstream standard room and water
Power connects.
Further, the employing precision of described pressure transducer is millesimal pressure transducer；Described constant temperature system
Using temperature control precision is ± 0.2 DEG C of constant temperature system.
Present invention shale based on fluid pressure pulse matrix the dynamic damage evaluation methodology, uses above-mentioned based on liquid pressure
The shale matrix the dynamic damage evaluating apparatus of power pulse is carried out by the following method:
S1 takes testing rock core, dries 48h at 80 DEG C；
Testing rock core is loaded testing rock core clamper by S2, and is passed through helium and demarcates upstream standard room and downstream standard chamber
Volume；
S3 applies the confined pressure of 15MPa by confined pressure pump, and arranging system temperature by constant temperature system is 80 DEG C, and to test rock
The heart, upstream standard room and downstream standard chamber evacuation 24h；
S4 closes upstream standard room discharge control valve, evacuation control valve and discharge opeing control valve, opens upstream standard room and enters
Mouth control valve and balance control valve, pump into upper vernier by the constant voltage mode of constant pressure and flow pump by the normal saline solution in intermediate receptacle
In quasi-room, described downstream standard chamber and testing rock core, equilibration time is 24h, makes the testing rock core abundant saturated normal saline solution of energy；
S5 closes balance control valve, opens upstream standard chamber inlet control valve, regulates constant pressure and flow pump, in described balance pressure
Increase the pulsating pressure of balance force value 5%-10% on the basis of power for upstream standard room, and close upstream standard chamber inlet
Control valve, under differential pressure action, normal saline solution can flow into downstream standard chamber by testing rock core, by pressure transducer and pressure
Sensor detects upstream standard room and the pressure change in time of downstream standard chamber respectively, and calculates upstream standard room and lower vernier
Between quasi-room, fluid pressure differential is over time；
S6 is according to testing rock core benchmark permeability k before following formula evaluation work liquid the dynamic damageL1:
In formula: μ is normal saline solution viscosity, mPa s；L is rock sample thickness, mm；A is testing rock core cross-sectional area, mm2；S1、
S2And f1It is respectively the parameter that standard chamber volume is relevant with liquid compression, A1Meet following formula:
In formula: Δ P1[t] is between upstream standard room and the downstream standard chamber that t testing rock core connects before the dynamic damage
Pressure reduction, KPa；ΔP1[0] be t=0 moment testing rock core connects before the dynamic damage upstream standard room and downstream standard chamber it
Between instantaneous differential pressure, KPa；A0And A1It is respectively ln (Δ P1[t]/ΔP1[0]) with intercept and the slope of the fitting a straight line of time t；
Normal saline solution in intermediate receptacle is replaced with working solution to be evaluated by S7, opens upstream standard chamber inlet control valve
With upstream standard room discharge control valve, working solution is driven into upstream standard room by the force value of constant pressure and flow pump, this pressure
Value need to form the positive differential pressure between upstream standard room and testing rock core higher than the pore fluid pressure of testing rock core；Meanwhile, keep
The working solution dynamic circulation loop of the intermediate receptacle port of export and constant pressure and flow pump, upstream standard room and intermediate receptacle entrance point is opened
Open；In upstream standard room, under positive differential pressure effect, working solution is by invading testing rock core with the contact surface of testing rock core, and then
Simulate the actual working solution the dynamic damage process being drilled in well and pressure break；The working solution circulation infringement time is 12h；
Working solution in intermediate receptacle is replaced with normal saline solution by S8 again, repeats step 4～6, is calculated as follows working solution
After the dynamic damage, the liquid of testing rock core surveys permeability kL2:
Wherein A2Meet following formula equally:
In formula: Δ P2[t] is between upstream standard room and the downstream standard chamber that t testing rock core connects after the dynamic damage
Pressure reduction, KPa；ΔP2[0] be t=0 moment testing rock core connects after the dynamic damage upstream standard room and downstream standard chamber it
Between instantaneous differential pressure, KPa；A0' and A2It is respectively ln (Δ P2[t]/ΔP2[0]) with the intercept of the fitting a straight line of time t and oblique
Rate；
S9 uses following formula evaluation work liquid the dynamic damage rate D to testing rock core:
In formula: D is the working solution the dynamic damage rate to testing rock core；
Wherein, described normal saline solution is 3%KCl solution.
Further, taking a diameter of 38.0mm ± 0.2mm, thickness is that the shale matrix rock core of 10.0mm ± 0.2mm is for surveying
Examination rock core.
Beneficial effect
Present invention shale based on fluid pressure pulse matrix the dynamic damage evaluating apparatus possesses with prior art with method
Following beneficial effect:
Achieve and under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, carry out infringement experiment, simulate and be drilled in well and fracturing process working solution to shale
The dynamic damage process of matrix, and utilize the testing rock core liquid before and after fluid pressure impulse method calculating the dynamic damage to survey permeability,
Achieving working solution and cause the dynamic damage degree evaluation of shale matrix, experimental apparatus operation is succinct, and method reliability is high, can be effective
Solve the working solution damage appraisement institute face of the conventional stationarity method test sheets batholith extremely low testing rock core of block isoperm continued to use at present
The difficulty faced, contributes to improving shale gas and is drilled the working solution damage appraisement method system of well and fracturing process, join for working solution
Fang Youxuan and optimization provide technical support, have certain promotion prospect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of present invention shale based on fluid pressure pulse matrix the dynamic damage evaluating apparatus；
Fig. 2 is the fracturing fluid of the embodiment of the present invention 3 shale based on fluid pressure pulse matrix the dynamic damage evaluation methodology
Ln (the Δ P of testing rock core L-1 before the dynamic damage1[t]/ΔP1[0]) with time t relation curve；
Fig. 3 is the fracturing fluid of the embodiment of the present invention 3 shale based on fluid pressure pulse matrix the dynamic damage evaluation methodology
The ln (Δ P2 [t]/Δ P2 [0]) of testing rock core L-1 and time t relation curve after the dynamic damage.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Evaluate a difficult problem to solve shale matrix working solution the dynamic damage, invention introduces based on fluid pressure pulse
Test Liquid Permeability of Core unstable state method of testing, and the physical property characteristic and engineer operation according to shale matrix is actual, devises simulation storage
Layer temperature, pressure and the damage appraisement device of the dynamic invasion procedure of working solution, to meet shale matrix working solution the dynamic damage evaluation
Experiment needs.
Embodiment 1
As it is shown in figure 1, present embodiment discloses a kind of shale matrix the dynamic damage evaluation based on fluid pressure pulse dress
Putting, it is 10 that this device is used for evaluate liquid surveying permeability-6～10-2The working solution the dynamic damage of the compact rock cores such as the shale matrix of mD
Degree, mainly includes upstream standard room 9, downstream standard chamber 14, core holding unit 5, confined pressure pump 4, vacuum pump 12, constant pressure and flow pump
2, intermediate receptacle 1, pressure transducer 7 and 11, constant temperature system 6.Wherein the entrance point of core holding unit 5 is with upstream standard room 9 even
Connecing, the port of export is connected with downstream standard chamber 14；Upstream standard chamber inlet it is provided with between upstream standard room 9 and constant pressure and flow pump 2
Upstream standard room discharge control valve 8, simultaneously upstream standard room 9 and pressure sensing it is provided with between control valve 3, and intermediate receptacle 1
Device 7 connects；With outlet port of rock core holder, vacuum pump 12, pressure transducer 11 and discharge opeing control valve while of downstream standard chamber 14
15 connect；Evacuation control valve 13 it is provided with between downstream standard chamber 14 and vacuum pump 12；Upstream standard room 9 and downstream standard chamber
Balance control valve 16 it is provided with between 14；Confined pressure pump 4 is connected with core holding unit 5；Constant pressure and flow pump 2 respectively with intermediate receptacle 1
The port of export and upstream standard chamber inlet control valve 3 connect；Upstream standard room 9, downstream standard chamber 14, core holding unit 5, take out true
Empty control valve 13, discharge opeing control valve 15 are placed in constant temperature system 6.
Connect between described upstream standard room, downstream standard chamber to have between control upstream standard room and downstream standard chamber and connect
The balance control valve of the general character.Balance control valve is fluid pressure/connectedness control valve, balance control valve herein be control upper,
Communicating downstream, when this valve is opened, upper and lower standard chamber directly connects, and is now mainly used in balance during initial saturated brine
Upstream and downstream pressure；When the valve closes, upstream standard room fluid can only flow into downstream, indirect and downstream standard chamber by rock core
Connection.
When balance control valve 16 is opened, and close upstream standard room discharge control valve 8, evacuation control valve 13 and discharge opeing control
During valve 15 processed, by constant pressure and flow pump 2, the normal saline solution in intermediate receptacle 1 can be injected upstream standard room 9, downstream standard chamber 14
With core holding unit 5, thus the purpose of the abundant saturated core of realization normal saline solution 10.Turn off balance control valve 16, pass through
Constant pressure and flow pump 2 applies a pulsating pressure for balance force value 5%-10% to upstream standard room 9, it is achieved upstream standard room
Normal saline solution in 9 is by the impulse attenuation process in rock core 10 downstream standard chamber 14, and then realizes rock core 10 before and after infringement
Fluid pressure pulse permeability test.
When balance control valve 16 is closed, the port of export of intermediate receptacle 1 and constant pressure and flow pump 2, upstream standard chamber inlet control
Valve 3 processed, upstream standard room 9, upstream standard room discharge control valve 8 and intermediate receptacle 1 entrance point are sequentially connected with, and composition loops back
Road.Working solution in intermediate receptacle 1 can be sucked by constant pressure and flow pump 2, and by upstream standard chamber inlet control valve 3 by working solution
Pump in upstream standard room 9, then return intermediate receptacle 1 through upstream standard room discharge control valve 8, complete working solution circulation.Rock
The entrance point of heart clamp holder 5 and the connected mode of upstream standard room 9 are that the end face of the rock core 10 in core holding unit 5 is directly with upper
Trip standard chamber contact hydraulic communication.In working solution cyclic process, when the fluid pressure of upstream standard room 9 is more than downstream standard
During the fluid pressure of room 14, working solution will invade rock core 10 under the effect of positive differential pressure, and flow into downstream standard chamber 14, Jin Ermo
Intend the actual working solution the dynamic damage evaluation being drilled in well and fracturing process.
The precision of pressure transducer 7 and 11 is one thousandth, is connected to upstream standard room 9 and downstream standard chamber 14
On, for detecting the change in fluid pressure in upstream standard room 9 and downstream standard chamber 14.The temperature control precision of constant temperature system 6
For ± 0.2 DEG C, upstream standard room 9, downstream standard chamber 14 and core holding unit 5, evacuation control valve 13, discharge opeing control valve 15 and
The corresponding pipeline that connects provides constant temperature.
Vacuum pump 12 is connected with downstream standard chamber 14 by evacuation control valve 13, and then by evaluating control valve 16 with upper
Trip standard chamber 9 and core holding unit 5 connect, and vacuum pump 12 is to can upstream standard room 9, downstream standard chamber 14 and core holding unit 5
Evacuation.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment shale based on fluid pressure pulse matrix the dynamic damage evaluation methodology, utilizes said apparatus to evaluate work
Making the liquid evaluation methodology to shale matrix the dynamic damage degree, it is 10 that the method is used for evaluate liquid surveying permeability-6～10-2MD's
The working solution the dynamic damage degree of the compact rock cores such as shale matrix, the rock sample of embodiment is Sichuan Basin Longma small stream group shale matrix
Rock core L-1 (the invisible microcrack of naked eyes), it specifically comprises the following steps that
Step 1, drilling through Longma small stream group shale matrix rock core L-1, record its a diameter of 38.1mm, thickness is 10.2mm, 80
48h is dried at DEG C；
Step 2, by a diameter of 38.0mm, thickness be 10.0mm steel rock core (permeability is zero) load core holding unit 5,
And the volume being passed through helium demarcation upstream standard room 9 and downstream standard chamber 14 is respectively 8.328cm3And 2.015cm3；
Step 3, rock core L-1 to be measured is put in core holding unit 5, applied the confined pressure of 15MPa by confined pressure pump 4, pass through
It is 80 DEG C that constant temperature system 6 arranges system temperature, and to rock core L-1, upstream standard room 9 and downstream standard chamber 14 evacuation 24h；
Step 4, closedown upstream standard room discharge control valve 8, evacuation control valve 13 and discharge opeing control valve 15, open upstream
Standard chamber inlet control valve 3 and balance control valve 16, by the constant voltage mode of constant pressure and flow pump 2 by the standard in intermediate receptacle 1
Saline (3%KCl solution) pumps in upstream standard room 9, described downstream standard chamber 14 and rock core L-1, turns off and makes upstream standard
Chamber inlet control valve 3, makes the abundant saturated brine of rock core L-1, and saturation time is 24h, saturated after balance pressure be 5334KPa；
Step 5, closedown balance control valve 16, open upstream standard chamber inlet control valve 3, regulate constant pressure and flow pump 2, in institute
State the pulsating pressure increasing force value 517KPa on balance pressure-based for upstream standard room 9, and close rapidly upper vernier
Quasi-chamber inlet control valve 3, under differential pressure action, normal saline solution can flow into downstream standard chamber 14 by rock core, passes through pressure transducer
7 and pressure transducer 11 detect the pressure change in time of upstream standard room 9 and downstream standard chamber 14 respectively, during beginning every
10s reading also records once, and later stage every 30s reading also records once；Calculate upstream standard room 9 and the interstitial fluid of downstream standard chamber 14
Body pressure reduction is over time；
Step 6, make ln (the Δ P before rock core working solution the dynamic damage1[t]/ΔP1[0]) with time t relation curve, such as Fig. 2
Shown in, linear regression tries to achieve the slope A of straight line1Being 0.00579, normal saline solution viscosity, mu is 0.9579mPa s, rock core L-1's
Thickness L and cross-sectional area A are respectively 10.2mm and 1140.1mm2, according to upstream standard room 9, the volume of downstream standard chamber 14 and
The S that the compressibility of normal saline solution determines1、S2And f1Value be respectively and 39.24mm3/KPa、26.07mm3/ KPa and 0.9802；Root
It is calculated benchmark permeability k of rock core L-1 before working solution the dynamic damage according to equation (1)L1For 0.000793mD；
Step 7, that the normal saline solution in intermediate receptacle 1 replaces with the Sichuan Basin to be evaluated Longma small stream group shale gas well is existing
The fracturing fluid that field construction uses, opens upstream standard chamber inlet control valve 3 and upstream standard room discharge control valve 8, keeps balance
Control valve 16 is closed, and pumps into the fracturing fluid under certain pressure by constant pressure and flow pump 2 and enters upstream standard room 9, and this force value needs
Higher than rock core L-1 pore fluid pressure now, form the positive differential pressure between upstream standard room 9 and rock core 10；Meanwhile, in holding
Between the working solution dynamic circulation loop of container 1 port of export and constant pressure and flow pump 2, upstream standard room 9 and intermediate receptacle 1 entrance point open
Open, cyclic process keeps the positive differential pressure between upstream standard room 9 and downstream standard chamber 14 to be by regulation constant pressure and flow pump 2
3MPa；In upstream standard room 9, under positive differential pressure effect, fracturing fluid by with the contacting of the rock core L-1 in core holding unit 5
Face invades rock core, and then simulates the fracturing fluid the dynamic damage process in actual pressure break；The fracturing fluid circulation the dynamic damage time is 2h；
Step 8, fracturing fluid in intermediate receptacle 1 is replaced with again normal saline solution, repeat step 4～6, the rock core drawn out
Ln (Δ P after L-1 fracturing fluid the dynamic damage2[t]/ΔP2[0]) with time t relation curve, as it is shown on figure 3, linear regression is tried to achieve
The slope A of straight line2It is 0.00231, other parameters such as normal saline solution viscosity, mu, rock core thickness L, cross-sectional area A, S1、S2And f1's
Value all keeps constant；It is calculated permeability k of rock core L-1 after fracturing fluid the dynamic damage according to equation (3)L2For
0.000316mD；
Step 9, calculating fracturing fluid the dynamic damage rate D to rock core L-1:
D=[(0.000793-0.000316)/0.000793]=60.15%
I.e. use the Sichuan Basin Longma small stream group shale gas well site operation fracturing fluid that apparatus of the present invention and method record
The dynamic damage rate to Longma small stream group shale matrix rock core L-1 is 60.15%.
To the present invention it should be appreciated that embodiment described above, to the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and useful effect
Fruit carried out further details of explanation, these are only embodiments of the invention, be not intended to limit the present invention, every
Within the spiritual principles of the present invention, done any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc., should be included in the protection of the present invention
Within the scope of, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain that claim is defined.
Claims (5)
1. a shale matrix the dynamic damage evaluating apparatus based on fluid pressure pulse, it is characterised in that including: rock core clamps
Device, is arranged on the upstream standard room above described rock clamper, be arranged on the downstream standard chamber below rock clamper and
The intermediate receptacle connected by constant pressure and flow pump with the inlet of described upstream standard room, wherein, described core holding unit and control
The confined pressure pump making described core holding unit clamping dynamics connects, and the top liquid outlet of described upstream standard room passes through upstream standard room
Discharge control valve is connected with the inlet of intermediate receptacle, and described upstream standard room is additionally provided with and exports work to the rock core of gripper
Making the bottom spray liquid outlet of liquid, described downstream standard chamber is provided with the inlet receiving the working solution that described rock core oozes out, institute
The air inlet stating downstream standard chamber connects vacuum pump by evacuation control valve, and the liquid outlet of described downstream standard chamber connects row
Hydraulic control valve, connects between described upstream standard room, downstream standard chamber and has between control upstream standard room and downstream standard chamber
Connective balance control valve, described upstream standard room, downstream standard chamber are connected to pressure transducer；
Described upstream standard room, described downstream standard chamber, described core holding unit, described evacuation control valve and described discharge opeing
Control valve is placed in described constant temperature system；
Described balance control valve is fluid pressure/connectedness control valve, when this balance control valve is opened, upstream standard room, under
Trip standard chamber directly connects, and when this balance control valve is closed, upstream standard room fluid can only flow into downstream by rock core, indirectly
Connect with downstream standard chamber；
When described balance control valve is closed, the port of export of described intermediate receptacle and described constant pressure and flow pump, described upstream standard
Chamber inlet control valve, described upstream standard room, described upstream standard room discharge control valve and described intermediate receptacle entrance point are successively
Connect, and constitute closed circuit；Working solution in described intermediate receptacle is sucked by described constant pressure and flow pump, and by described upstream
Working solution is pumped in described upstream standard room by standard chamber inlet control valve, then returns through described upstream standard room discharge control valve
Return described intermediate receptacle, complete working solution circulation；In working solution cyclic process, when the fluid pressure of described upstream standard room is big
When the fluid pressure of described downstream standard chamber, working solution will invade described rock core under the effect of positive differential pressure, and flows into described
Downstream standard chamber, and then simulate the actual working solution the dynamic damage evaluation being drilled in well and fracturing process.
Shale matrix the dynamic damage evaluating apparatus based on fluid pressure pulse the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
In, the end face of the described rock core in described core holding unit directly contacts with described upstream standard room and hydraulic communication.
Shale matrix the dynamic damage evaluating apparatus based on fluid pressure pulse the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
In, the employing precision of described pressure transducer is millesimal pressure transducer；Described constant temperature system uses temperature to control essence
Degree is ± 0.2 DEG C of constant temperature system.
4. a shale matrix the dynamic damage evaluation methodology based on fluid pressure pulse, it is characterised in that use claim 1
Carry out by the following method to 3 arbitrary described shale matrix the dynamic damage evaluating apparatus based on fluid pressure pulse:
S1 takes testing rock core, dries 48h at 80 DEG C；
Testing rock core is loaded testing rock core clamper by S2, and is passed through helium demarcation upstream standard room and the body of downstream standard chamber
Long-pending；
S3 by confined pressure pump apply 15MPa confined pressure, arranging system temperature by constant temperature system is 80 DEG C, and to testing rock core,
Upstream standard room and downstream standard chamber evacuation 24h；
S4 closes upstream standard room discharge control valve, evacuation control valve and discharge opeing control valve, opens upstream standard chamber inlet control
Valve processed and balance control valve, pump into upstream standard by the constant voltage mode of constant pressure and flow pump by the normal saline solution in intermediate receptacle
In room, described downstream standard chamber and testing rock core, equilibration time is 24h, makes the testing rock core abundant saturated normal saline solution of energy；
S5 closes balance control valve, opens upstream standard chamber inlet control valve, regulates constant pressure and flow pump, at described balance pressure base
Increase the pulsating pressure of balance force value 5%-10% on plinth for upstream standard room, and close the control of upstream standard chamber inlet
Valve, under differential pressure action, normal saline solution can flow into downstream standard chamber by testing rock core, by pressure transducer and pressure sensing
Device detects upstream standard room and the pressure change in time of downstream standard chamber respectively, and calculates upstream standard room and downstream standard chamber
Between fluid pressure differential over time；
S6 is according to testing rock core benchmark permeability k before following formula evaluation work liquid the dynamic damageL1:
In formula: μ is normal saline solution viscosity, mPa s；L is rock sample thickness, mm；A is testing rock core cross-sectional area, mm2；S1、S2With
f1It is respectively the parameter that standard chamber volume is relevant with liquid compression, A1Meet following formula:
In formula: Δ P1[t] is the pressure between upstream standard room and the downstream standard chamber that t testing rock core connects before the dynamic damage
Difference, KPa；ΔP1[0] it is between upstream standard room and the downstream standard chamber that t=0 moment testing rock core connects before the dynamic damage
Instantaneous differential pressure, KPa；A0And A1It is respectively ln (Δ P1[t]/ΔP1[0]) with intercept and the slope of the fitting a straight line of time t；
Normal saline solution in intermediate receptacle is replaced with working solution to be evaluated by S7, opens upstream standard chamber inlet control valve and upper
Trip standard chamber discharge control valve, working solution is driven into upstream standard room by the force value of constant pressure and flow pump, and this force value needs
Higher than the pore fluid pressure of testing rock core, form the positive differential pressure between upstream standard room and testing rock core；Meanwhile, in the middle of keeping
The working solution dynamic circulation loop of container outlet end and constant pressure and flow pump, upstream standard room and intermediate receptacle entrance point is opened；?
In upstream standard room, under positive differential pressure effect, working solution is by invading testing rock core, and then simulation with the contact surface of testing rock core
The actual working solution the dynamic damage process being drilled in well and pressure break；The working solution circulation infringement time is 12h；
Working solution in intermediate receptacle is replaced with normal saline solution by S8 again, repeats step 4～6, is calculated as follows working solution dynamic
After infringement, the liquid of testing rock core surveys permeability kL2:
Wherein A2Meet following formula equally:
In formula: Δ P2[t] is the pressure between upstream standard room and the downstream standard chamber that t testing rock core connects after the dynamic damage
Difference, KPa；ΔP2[0] it is between upstream standard room and the downstream standard chamber that t=0 moment testing rock core connects after the dynamic damage
Instantaneous differential pressure, KPa；A0' and A2It is respectively ln (Δ P2[t]/ΔP2[0]) with intercept and the slope of the fitting a straight line of time t；
S9 uses following formula evaluation work liquid the dynamic damage rate D to testing rock core:
In formula: D is the working solution the dynamic damage rate to testing rock core；
Wherein, described normal saline solution is 3%KCl solution.
Shale matrix the dynamic damage evaluation methodology based on fluid pressure pulse the most according to claim 4, its feature exists
In, take a diameter of 38.0mm ± 0.2mm, thickness be the shale matrix rock core of 10.0mm ± 0.2mm be testing rock core.
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