CN105973456A - Field measurement method of matching relationship between deep hole blasting explosives and rocks - Google Patents
Field measurement method of matching relationship between deep hole blasting explosives and rocks Download PDFInfo
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- CN105973456A CN105973456A CN201610264804.1A CN201610264804A CN105973456A CN 105973456 A CN105973456 A CN 105973456A CN 201610264804 A CN201610264804 A CN 201610264804A CN 105973456 A CN105973456 A CN 105973456A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H15/00—Measuring mechanical or acoustic impedance
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- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a field measurement method of the matching relationship between deep hole blasting explosives and rocks. The method comprises the following steps: measuring the detonation velocity of an explosive in a test blasting hole using a detonation velocity detection device made of network cables; with explosion of the explosive in the test blasting hole as a source and through two vibration measuring instruments arranged adjacent to the lower middle of the stepped slope of a blasting area at the same level as the blasting area and two vibration measuring instruments arranged in the lower middle of the stepped slope of the blasting area in lateral front of next step, acquiring the surrounding rock vibration signals of vibration measuring points corresponding to the vibration measuring instruments, and acquiring the sound velocity of rock masses adjacent to the blasting area at the same level and the sound velocity of rock masses in the blasting area in lateral front of next step; and acquiring the matching relationship between the explosive and rocks in a specific blasting area according to the detonation velocity of the explosive in the test blasting hole, the sound velocity of rock masses adjacent to the blasting area at the same level and the sound velocity of rock masses in the blasting area in lateral front of next step. The matching relationship between explosives and rocks measured by the method of the invention can be quickly fed back to blasting engineers for optimally designing and adjusting the blasting scheme.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the measuring method of a kind of Explosive-rock matching relation, especially a kind of in-site measurement deep hole blasting
The method of Explosive-rock matching relation, belongs to engineering explosion technical field.
Background technology
It has been generally acknowledged that when the natural impedance of explosive and the natural impedance of rock match, the energy that explosive passes to rock is most,
The strain value caused in rock is maximum, can obtain preferable demolition effect.In order to obtain explosive and wave impedance of rock
Match condition, needs to measure explosive density, explosion velocity of explosive, rock density and four physical quantitys of rock acoustic respectively.One
In the case of as, explosive density and rock density can be by weighing and cubing acquisition, and explosion velocity of explosive is often through relevant
Explosion velocity of explosive testing standard records, and rock acoustic can be recorded by sound velocity test instrument.
Measure about explosion velocity of explosive, the regulation of GB/T 13228, " all there is in cap-sensitivity and product standard regulation have medicine
The explosive of coil packing form uses original packing powder stick to make sample.The external diameter of powder stick is generally φ 32mm or φ 35mm, outward
Shell material and packaging quality should meet the regulation of product standard ".During actual explosion velocity of explosive is measured, φ 32mm or φ
The minor diameter cartridging explosion velocity test of 35mm, uses original packing powder stick to make sample according to the rules；Major diameter cartridging
Explosion velocity test, because of explosion velocity test target range maximum blast charge limit, often it is reequiped, big powder stick is cut out
The small diameter medicine roll being cut into approximation φ 32mm or φ 35mm carries out explosion velocity test.Specify while GB/T 13228, " right
Repacking is should give with the sample that bulk form provides ", generally it is adapted as φ 32mm or φ 35mm powder stick is carried out
Explosion velocity is tested.For not having the explosive of cap-sensitivity, GB/T 13228 specify " need to add primer [cartridge] (post) and
(or) Condition of Strong Constraint ", also need sample is reequiped.In view of not there is the explosive of cap-sensitivity often greatly
Using in type earth and rock works and mine engineering, during explosion, blasthole diameter is bigger, has the test of bigger dose explosion velocity
Natural endowment.GB18095 defines without cap-sensitivity emulsion explosion velocity test condition, and " cartridge uses PVC plastic
Material pipe, internal diameter is 150mm ± 3mm, and thickness is 40mm ± 1mm ", primary explosive column is " filling TNT 450g
± 2g, a diameter of 60mm ± 3mm, a length of 103mm ± 5mm, it is allowed to the primary explosive column of other energy equivalences ",
" axis part at cartridge case opening loads primary explosive column so that it is be fully embedded in explosive, and detonator inserts primary explosive column
In centre bore ".But, the explosion velocity of explosive test condition of correlation standard has bigger difference with on-the-spot practice of construction operating mode,
It is difficult to meet become more meticulous explosion, the construction requirement of environmental protection explosion.Explosion velocity is one of important indicator weighing explosive property.
In the ideal case, the explosion velocity of a kind of explosive should be a constant, and practical situation is quite different, and the explosion velocity of explosive is less than
Preferably explosion velocity, its major influence factors has powder column diameter, constraints and explosive granularity.In site operation, big gun hole
Charge diameter relatively big, big gun hole periphery has country rock to retrain, and has the self-compaction effect under certain gravity pressure, therefore
The explosive actual explosion velocity the most relatively laboratory test explosion velocity in big gun hole improves a lot.
The test of Rock Velocity typically uses sonic detector, polishes rock sample relative to the scope of freedom by the reflection measurement of sound wave
Transmission time difference, then with polishing rock sample relative to the distance on the scope of freedom divided by interval transit time, it is thus achieved that the sound of this polishing rock sample
Speed.The test sample of this method of testing is one block of complete rock, is the velocity of sound characterizing broken rock by the velocity of sound of sillar.
It is true that the velocity of sound of rock is relevant with level of breakage, rupturing the most serious, the velocity of sound is the lowest.Therefore, sonic detector is used
The surveyed sillar velocity of sound replaces there is the rock mass velocity of sound necessarily ruptured, and often test result is bigger than normal.
In sum, it is contemplated that the change of the factors such as degree of packing, blasthole diameter, constraints, fried in practice of construction
The explosion velocity of medicine explosion time the most relatively laboratory test explosion velocity improves a lot；Actual explosion object is to have the rock necessarily ruptured
Body, the velocity of sound of its velocity of sound the most more complete sillar sample is little.Above-mentioned explosion velocity of explosive is less than normal and rock acoustic is bigger than normal, leads
Cause explosive to amplify than the error joining relation with wave impedance of rock, it is difficult to meet the requirement of fine explosion.In order to obtain scene
Under actual condition, explosive and the matching relationship of rock, need explosion velocity and the on-the-spot broken rock velocity of sound in in-site measurement explosive hole,
Thus provide foundation for preferred explosive kind, design explosive property, adjustment data of explosive filled etc., give full play to explosive charge
Time release energy carry out fragmented rock body, finally realize fine explosion and environmental protection explosion.
Summary of the invention
A kind of method that it is an object of the invention to provide in-site measurement deep hole blasting Explosive-rock matching relation, the method
By explosion velocity and the broken surrounding rock velocity of sound in in-site measurement explosive hole of charge explosion in blast working big gun hole, thus convenient
Obtain explosive natural impedance quickly with same level adjacent to quick-fried district or the Impedance matching of next quick-fried district, front, step side rock
Relation, this matching relationship is the parameter in follow-up quick-fried district in organization of production, can rapid feedback to blasting engineering Shi Jinhang explosion
The optimization design of scheme and adjustment.
The purpose of the present invention can reach by adopting the following technical scheme that:
A kind of method of in-site measurement deep hole blasting Explosive-rock matching relation, described method utilizes by net thread
The explosion velocity of explosive in explosion velocity detection measurement device test big gun hole, wherein explosion velocity detection device has four groups of explosion velocity test probes,
When detonation wave when explosive charge passes to often organize explosion velocity test probe position, the ionosphere that explosive charge produces will
Often group explosion velocity test probe is become conducting state from off-state, thus sends triggering signal, and two groups of adjacent explosion velocities are surveyed
Sound out the time difference divided by these two groups of explosion velocity test probe trigger signals of the spacing between pin, it is thus achieved that explosive in test big gun hole
Explosion velocity；In the big gun hole of utilization test simultaneously, the blast of explosive is as focus, by being arranged in quick-fried district same level adjacent to quick-fried
Two vibration measurement instrument of the bench face middle and lower part in district, and it is arranged in the step slope in next quick-fried district, front, step side of quick-fried district
Two vibration measurement instrument of middle and lower part, face, it is thus achieved that the vibration of base rock signal of each vibration measurement instrument correspondence vibration measuring point, same step
The range difference of two domatic vibration measuring points and focus arrives the time difference of two vibration measuring points divided by vibration signal, it is thus achieved that same
The level rock mass velocity of sound adjacent to quick-fried district and the rock mass velocity of sound in next quick-fried district, front, step side；According to explosive in test big gun hole
Explosion velocity, the same level rock mass velocity of sound adjacent to quick-fried district and the rock mass velocity of sound in next quick-fried district, front, step side, obtain respectively
The natural impedance of explosive in big gun hole, same level must be tested quick-fried adjacent to natural impedance and next front, step side of quick-fried district rock
The natural impedance of district's rock, in test big gun hole natural impedance and the same level of explosive adjacent to quick-fried district rock natural impedance, next
In ratio between the natural impedance of quick-fried district, front, step side rock respectively test big gun hole, explosive and same level are adjacent to quick-fried district
Rock, the Impedance matching relation of next quick-fried district, front, step side rock.
As a kind of preferred version, said method comprising the steps of:
1) elder generation's quick-fried big gun hole in selected quick-fried district is as test big gun hole；
2) at distance webs thread end 1～2 meters, on the sheath of netting twine, cut a gap open with cutter, expose one group
Being twisted into the thin wire of twisted shape, this group thin wire has two, then flushes with shears and cut off this group thin wire, forms one group
Explosion velocity test probe；On netting twine, measure constant spacing with ribbon, repeat aforementioned explosion velocity test probe manufacturing operation,
Ultimately forming four groups of explosion velocity test probes, explosion velocity detection device i.e. completes；Wherein, often group explosion velocity tests probe
Two thin wire end faces are closely packed together；
3) on the exposed protolith of the bench face middle and lower part in quick-fried district, two vibration measuring points are arranged in quick-fried district same level, this
Two vibration measuring points are positioned at same elevation；The exposed protolith of the bench face middle and lower part in next quick-fried district, front, step side in quick-fried district
Two vibration measuring points of upper layout, the two vibration measuring point is positioned at vibration measuring point on the basis of same elevation, and one of them vibration measuring point,
The i.e. bench face in next quick-fried district, front, step side of plane and district determined by test big gun hole and this vibration measuring point is vertical, another
Individual vibration measuring point is arranged in the side of benchmark vibration measuring point；Wherein, each vibration measuring point has a vibration measurement instrument；
4) fire point and the three-dimensional coordinate of each vibration measuring point are measured；
5) put into the bottom in big gun hole after explosion velocity is detected the netting twine end counterweight of device, lift in aperture, big gun hole,
Priming device big gun is put into the bottom in big gun hole again, then loads explosive, make explosion velocity detection device be embedded in explosive,
Then block and connect blasting circuit；
6) each vibration measurement instrument is connected with synchronous signal acquisition device, and starts synchronous signal acquisition device, enter shape to be measured
State；
7) cut off after explosion velocity is detected the safety zone outside the extremely quick-fried district of the netting twine unwrapping wire outside device, the thin wire that end is exposed
After stripping out, connect the signals collecting port of multistage detonation velocity meter in order, start multistage detonation velocity meter, enter state to be measured；
8) according to shotfiring safety regulatory requirements, carry out blast warning, then assign order of detonating, after detonating, perform step 9)
～step 11)；
9) time difference of the adjacent two group probe trigger signal of multistage detonation velocity meter record is read, by two groups of adjacent probes
Divided by the time difference triggering signal, it is thus achieved that the explosion velocity of explosive in test big gun hole；
10) two vibration measuring point three-dimensional coordinates of the bench face adjacent to quick-fried district according to fire point and same level, calculate
Quick-fried point is to the distance of the two vibration measuring point, then calculates the two vibration measuring point away from anaseismic range difference；Adopt from synchronizing signal
Storage reads vibration of base rock signal and arrives the time of the two vibration measuring point, then calculate vibration signal arrival the two vibration measuring
The time difference of point, the two vibration measuring point arrives the time of the two vibration measuring point away from anaseismic range difference divided by vibration signal
Difference is the same level rock mass velocity of sound adjacent to quick-fried district；
11) according to fire point and two vibration measuring point three-dimensional coordinates of the bench face in next quick-fried district, front, step side, calculate
Fire point is to the distance of the two vibration measuring point, then calculates the two vibration measuring point away from anaseismic range difference；From synchronizing signal
Harvester reads vibration of base rock signal and arrives the time of the two vibration measuring point, then calculate vibration signal arrival the two survey
Shake time difference a little, the two vibration measuring point away from anaseismic range difference divided by vibration signal arrive the two vibration measuring point time
Between difference be the rock mass velocity of sound in next quick-fried district, front, step side；
12) according to the rock mass velocity of sound adjacent to quick-fried district of the explosion velocity of explosive, same level and next step side in test big gun hole
The rock mass velocity of sound in quick-fried district, front, in obtaining test big gun hole respectively, the natural impedance of explosive, same level are adjacent to quick-fried district rock
Natural impedance and the natural impedance of next quick-fried district, front, step side rock, the natural impedance of explosive and same level in test big gun hole
Big gun is respectively tested adjacent to the ratio between the natural impedance of quick-fried district rock, the natural impedance of next quick-fried district, front, step side rock
In hole, explosive and same level are adjacent to quick-fried district rock, the Impedance matching relation of next quick-fried district, front, step side rock.
As a kind of preferred version, step 12) in, described according to the explosion velocity of explosive, same level neighbour in test big gun hole
The rock mass velocity of sound in Jin Bao district and the rock mass velocity of sound in next quick-fried district, front, step side, respectively explosive in acquisition test big gun hole
Natural impedance, same level are adjacent to the natural impedance of quick-fried district rock and the natural impedance of next quick-fried district, front, step side rock, tool
Body is:
The explosion velocity of explosive in test big gun hole is multiplied with the density of explosive in test big gun hole, it is thus achieved that explosive in test big gun hole
Natural impedance；The same level rock mass velocity of sound adjacent to quick-fried district is multiplied adjacent to the density of quick-fried district rock with same level, it is thus achieved that
Same level is adjacent to the natural impedance of quick-fried district rock；Before the rock mass velocity of sound in next quick-fried district, front, step side and next step side
The density of Fang Bao district rock is multiplied, it is thus achieved that the natural impedance of next quick-fried district, front, step side rock.
As a kind of preferred version, step 4) in, described measurement fire point and the three-dimensional coordinate of each vibration measuring point, specifically
For:
The azimuthal coordinates that the three-dimensional coordinate of fire point measures acquisition, i.e. fire point indirectly is identical with aperture, big gun hole azimuthal coordinates,
The elevation coordinate of fire point is that aperture, big gun hole elevation deducts blast hole depth；The three-dimensional coordinate of each vibration measuring point is directly measured and is obtained
?.
As a kind of preferred version, step 4) in, the three-dimensional coordinate of described fire point and each vibration measuring point utilizes total powerstation
Or GPS measures.
As a kind of preferred version, step 10), particularly as follows:
If fire point is O, two vibration measuring points of the same level bench face adjacent to quick-fried district are respectively A and B, according to
Fire point O, vibration measuring point A and the three-dimensional coordinate of vibration measuring point B, calculate fire point O to vibration measuring point A and vibration measuring point B
Distance OA and OB, if OA ＜ OB, calculate vibration measuring point A and vibration measuring point B away from anaseismic range difference Δ lAdjacent=OB
OA, if OA is ＞ OB, calculates the two vibration measuring point away from anaseismic range difference Δ lAdjacent=OA OB；From synchronizing letter
Number harvester reads vibration signal and arrives vibration measuring point A and the time t of vibration measuring point BAAnd tBIf, tA＜ tB, calculating is shaken
Dynamic signal arrives vibration measuring point A and the time difference Δ t of vibration measuring point BAdjacent=tB–tAIf, tA＞ tB, calculate vibration signal and arrive
Vibration measuring point A and the time difference Δ t of vibration measuring point BAdjacent=tA–tB；Finally calculate same level rock mass velocity of sound C adjacent to quick-fried districtAdjacent rock=Δ lAdjacent/ΔtAdjacent。
As a kind of preferred version, step 11), particularly as follows:
If fire point is O, two vibration measuring points of the bench face in next quick-fried district, front, step side are respectively C and D, its
Vibration measuring point on the basis of middle vibration measuring point C, calculates fire point O to vibration measuring point C and distance OC of vibration measuring point D and OD,
Calculate two vibration measuring points again away from anaseismic range difference Δ lUnder=OD OC；Vibration is read from synchronous signal acquisition device
Signal arrives vibration measuring point C and the time t of vibration measuring point DCAnd tD, then vibration signal arrival vibration measuring point C and vibration measuring point D
Time difference Δ tUnder=tD–tC；Finally calculate rock mass velocity of sound C in next quick-fried district, front, step sideLower rock=Δ lUnder/ΔtUnder。
As a kind of preferred version, step 2) in, described sheath is pvc sheath.
As a kind of preferred version, described test big gun hole is the big gun hole being vertically arranged, and in test big gun hole, the explosive of filling is
Vertical is cylindric.
As a kind of preferred version, described vibration measurement instrument is vibrating sensor.
The present invention has a following beneficial effect relative to prior art:
1, the inventive method utilizes the loaded hole of normal blast working to carry out explosion velocity of explosive and the measurement of the rock mass velocity of sound, institute
Explosion velocity of explosive under the conditions of explosion velocity is the degree of packing under actual condition, charge diameter and constraint in survey explosive hole, is surveyed
Rock acoustic is the rock acoustic that normal blast working object has necessarily degree of rupturing；Utilize on-the-spot test explosion velocity of explosive
Being multiplied with explosive density and obtain the natural impedance of explosive, the on-the-spot test rock mass velocity of sound is multiplied with rock density and obtains the ripple of rock
Impedance, ratio between two is the Impedance matching relation of explosive and rock, and this test result is more accurately, more fit
Engineering is actual.
2, the inventive method use explosion velocity test device process by common netting twine, its collection explosion velocity signal probe and
Signal is transmitted in one, utilizes the detonation wave front of explosive to produce ionospheric principle, will be embedded in the explosion velocity in explosive
Test probe is become conducting state from off-state, thus sends triggering signal, two groups of adjacent explosion velocities test probes it
Between spacing obtain explosion velocity of explosive divided by the corresponding time difference triggering signal, it is to avoid laboratory explosion velocity measured value is less than normal
Problem.
3, in the inventive method utilizes test big gun hole, the blast of explosive is as focus, by being arranged near test big gun hole
Vibration measurement instrument record vibration signal, arrives the time of vibration measuring point with the range difference of two vibration measuring points and focus divided by vibration wave
Difference obtains the rock mass velocity of sound, it is to avoid utilize the sonic detector test polishing rock sample velocity of sound to replace the explosion rock mass velocity of sound bigger than normal
Problem.
4, in the inventive method detection big gun hole, the explosion velocity test device of detonation wave communication process is processed by common netting twine,
Medical disposable material is only common net line, and low cost, volume are little, operation is easy, do not affect Contraction in Site, do not change
Become blast hole projectile filling parameter.
5, vibration measuring point is arranged in quick-fried district same step level adjacent to quick-fried district and next quick-fried district, front, step side by the inventive method
Bench face middle and lower part exposed protolith on, do not affect normal construction operation, it is not necessary to carry out the cleaning of horizontal operation face
Arrange vibration measuring point after exposing protolith again, there is no the interference of Stope face void slag blanket.
6, vibration measuring point is arranged in neighbouring quick-fried district and the step in next quick-fried district, front, step side of same level by the inventive method
Domatic middle and lower part, it is contemplated that construction organization order, i.e. achieves tested rock mass and and then needs explosion rock mass
Unified, test data can directly instruct the blast working in next quick-fried district, and information feedback is fast, and cycle period is short, it is simple to fast
Speed finds optimal blasting parameter.
7, the inventive method is convenient and swift, and measurement result is accurate, it is possible to rapid feedback is to blasting engineering Shi Jinhang explosion side
The optimization design of case and adjustment, promote that in blast working, explosive and rock break impedance matching, improves explosive charge acting and breaks
The capacity usage ratio of detritus body, it is achieved fine explosion and environmental protection explosion.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 be the embodiment of the present invention 1 synchro measure hole in explosion velocity and the schematic diagram of the rock mass velocity of sound.
Wherein, 1-big gun hole, 2-explosive, 3-priming device, 4-blocks, 5-explosion velocity detection device, 6-netting twine, 7-multistage
Detonation velocity meter, 8-same step level is adjacent to quick-fried district bench face, the bench face in next quick-fried district, front, step side of 9-, 10-
Synchronous signal acquisition device.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention do not limit
In this.
Embodiment 1:
Surface mine is typically exploited with stepped form, and in recovery process, work surface is constantly drawn close to highwall, simultaneously to deep
Extend.Each work surface, is divided into the most quick-fried district, according to boring, quick-fried, dig, transport, the process sequence tissue arranged is given birth to
Produce.Generally, after a Ge Bao district explosion, the most and then arrange same step level adjacent to quick-fried district or under
The explosion of one quick-fried district, front, step side.
As it is shown in figure 1, explosive 2 blast of filling carries out explosion velocity of explosive in the big gun hole 1 constructed by normal bench blasting
With rock mass acoustic velocity measutement, priming device 3 is positioned at the bottom in big gun hole, and blocking 4 requires closely knit to avoid " rushing big gun "；Big gun hole
Interior explosion velocity detection device 5 is positioned at the powder charge section on priming device 3 top, and it is processed by netting twine 6；Add man-hour,
First at distance netting twine 6 end 1～2 meters, the pvc sheath of netting twine is cut open a gap with cutter, dew
Going out one group of thin wire being twisted into twisted shape, this group thin wire has two, then flushes with shears and cut off two thin wires (i.e.
Two thin wire ends after cutting off flush), form " disconnected → logical " type explosion velocity test probe；Then ribbon is used
Netting twine is measured constant spacing, repeats above-mentioned explosion velocity test probe manufacturing operation, ultimately form four groups by being twisted into Flos Cannabis
The explosion velocity test probe that the thin wire of shape processes；Often the end face of two thin wires of group explosion velocity test probe abuts against
Together, wherein two thin wires are by metal-cored and that cladding is metal-cored plastic insulation crust composition, owing to there being plastics exhausted
Edge crust isolate, in two thin wires metal-cored not in contact with and be off, but when explosive charge produce quick-fried
When Hong ripple passes to this group explosion velocity test probe location, generation ionosphere turns on this probe and becomes conducting state, thus sends
Trigger signal；The thin wire being twisted into twisted shape in netting twine 6 is as triggering signal transmission branch line, netting twine 6 beyond detection section
As triggering signal transmission main line, jointly explosion velocity detectable signal is transferred to the multistage detonation velocity meter 7 of safety zone outside quick-fried district.
In order to accurately measure the quick-fried district same step level rock mass velocity of sound adjacent to quick-fried district, the fire point O in big gun hole and same
Step level is arranged generally within same elevation, vibration measuring point A and vibration measuring point B adjacent to quick-fried district vibration measuring point A, vibration measuring point B
In same step level on the exposed protolith in middle and lower part of quick-fried district bench face 8, big gun hole 1 is the big gun hole being vertically arranged,
In big gun hole 1, the explosive 2 of filling be vertical cylindric, the later stress wave of blast along cylindric big gun hole with one heart to external diffusion,
Vibration level signal passes through the rock mass in neighbouring quick-fried district and arrives separately at two vibration measuring points of A and B, and vibration measuring point A and B is gathered
To the propagation path of vibration signal be respectively OA and OB.
In order to accurately measure the rock mass velocity of sound in next quick-fried district, front, step side, vibration measuring point is arranged in next front, step side
On the exposed protolith of bench face 9 middle and lower part in quick-fried district, and in same elevation level, wherein on the basis of vibration measuring point C
Vibration measuring point, plane determined by vibration measuring point C and big gun hole 1 is vertical with the bench face 9 in next quick-fried district, front, step side,
Another vibration measuring point D is arranged in the side of benchmark vibration measuring point C, and after detonating, the stress wave direction periphery that blast produces encloses
Rock is propagated and decays to vibration wave, and owing to propagation path OC is short compared with OD, vibration signal first arrives benchmark vibration measuring point C
Rear arrival vibration measuring point D.
After vibration measuring point is laid, unified measurement big gun hole 1 orifice position and the three-dimensional coordinate of each vibration measuring point, according to big gun hole
Aperture coordinate and blast hole depth extrapolate the three-dimensional coordinate of fire point O, in order to calculate the vibration first reaching each vibration measuring point
The distance of propagation path；In test process, vibration measuring point needs to carry out in advance time synchronized, uses synchronous signal acquisition
Device 10 records the time of advent of DATA REASONING vibration signal.
After detonating, carry out data process and analysis, as follows:
A) in test big gun hole, explosion velocity of explosive calculates: read in detonation velocity meter the two adjacent groups probe trigger recorded time difference and
The actual explosion velocity of corresponding explosive section, when wherein explosion velocity is triggered signal by the spacing between two groups of adjacent probes divided by correspondence
Between difference obtain, use CMedicineRepresent；
B) same level rock mass velocity of sound adjacent to quick-fried district calculates: according to fire point O and vibration measuring point A and vibration measuring point B
Three-dimensional coordinate, calculates fire point O to vibration measuring point A and distance OA of vibration measuring point B and OB, the OA in the present embodiment
＜ OB, then calculate vibration measuring point A and vibration measuring point B away from anaseismic range difference Δ lAdjacent=OB OA；Adopt from synchrodata
Concentrate and read vibration of base rock signal arrival vibration measuring point A and the time t of vibration measuring point BAAnd tB, the middle t of the present embodimentA＜ tB,
Calculate vibration signal again and arrive vibration measuring point A and the time difference Δ t of vibration measuring point BAdjacent=tB–tA；Finally calculating is surveyed same
Level is adjacent to velocity of sound C of quick-fried district rock massAdjacent rock=(OB-OA)/(tB–tA)；
C) the rock mass velocity of sound in next quick-fried district, front, step side calculates: according to fire point O and vibration measuring point C and vibration measuring point D
Three-dimensional coordinate, calculate fire point O to vibration measuring point C and distance OC of vibration measuring point D and OD, on the basis of C
Vibration measuring point, so OC ＜ OD, vibration signal is also first to arrive benchmark vibration measuring point C, rear arrival vibration measuring point D, then counts
Calculate vibration measuring point C and vibration measuring point D away from anaseismic range difference Δ lUnder=OD-OC；Read from synchronous data collection and enclose
Rock vibration signal arrives vibration measuring point C and the t time of advent of vibration measuring point DCAnd tD, calculate vibration signal and arrive vibration measuring point C
Time difference Δ t with vibration measuring point DUnder=tD–tC；Finally calculate velocity of sound C of quick-fried district, front, surveyed side rock massAdjacent rock=(OD
OC)/(tD–tC)；
D) different quick-fried districts explosive forecasts with wave impedance of rock matching relationship: according to the explosion velocity of explosive in the big gun hole of in-site measurement
With the respective regions rock mass velocity of sound, natural impedance ρ of explosive can be obtainedMedicineCMedicine, same level is adjacent to natural impedance ρ of quick-fried district rockAdjacent rockCAdjacent rock, natural impedance ρ of next quick-fried district, front, step side rockLower rockCLower rock, then with the natural impedance of explosive and specific quick-fried district
The natural impedance of rock compare the matching relationship just obtaining both；Wherein, ρMedicineFor the density of explosive, ρ in big gun holeAdjacent rockFor
Same level is adjacent to the density of quick-fried district rock, ρLower rockDensity for next quick-fried district, front, step side rock；
E) blasting scheme is optimized and revised: forecast with wave impedance of rock matching relationship by above-mentioned difference quick-fried district explosive, permissible
Preferred explosive kind, design explosive property, adjustment data of explosive filled, make the Impedance matching of explosive and rock accordingly, from
And the energy of release carrys out fragmented rock body when giving full play to explosive charge, finally realize fine explosion and environmental protection explosion.
Embodiment 2:
The method of the in-site measurement deep hole blasting Explosive-rock matching relation of the present embodiment, utilizes mine blasting construction existing
Field measurement explosion velocity of explosive and the explosion rock mass velocity of sound, thus forecast the explosive in follow-up quick-fried district and the Impedance matching relation of rock,
Blasting scheme optimization is instructed to design conveniently and efficiently, it is achieved to make full use of the purpose of explosive charge energy acting fragmented rock body,
Main embodiment and step are as follows:
1) test big gun hole is selected: elder generation's quick-fried big gun hole (big gun hole of first detonating) in selected quick-fried district is as test big gun hole, this test
In big gun hole, the blast of explosive is as focus, it is ensured that the vibration signal of arrival vibration measuring point elder generation's quick-fried big gun hole from quick-fried district sends, and keeps away
Exempt from the follow-up big gun hole interference to test signal of detonating, measure the degree of depth in test big gun hole simultaneously；
2) explosion velocity detection device is made: at distance webs thread end 1～2 meters, protect at the polrvinyl chloride of netting twine with cutter
Putting and cut a gap open, expose one group of thin wire being twisted into twisted shape, this group thin wire has two, neater with shears
Straight snips breaks this group thin wire, forms one group of explosion velocity test probe；On netting twine, measure constant spacing with ribbon, repeat
Aforementioned explosion velocity test probe manufacturing operation, ultimately forms four groups of explosion velocity test probes, is restored by each group of explosion velocity test probe
Smooth-going, explosion velocity detection device i.e. completes；Wherein, often two thin wire end faces of group explosion velocity test probe abut against
Together；
3) vibration measurement instrument is arranged: arrange on the exposed protolith of the bench face middle and lower part in quick-fried district in quick-fried district same level
Two vibration measuring point A and B, vibration measuring point A and vibration measuring point B are generally within same elevation；Next front, step side in quick-fried district
Vibration measuring point C and vibration measuring point D, vibration measuring point C and vibration measuring point D is arranged on the exposed protolith of the bench face middle and lower part in quick-fried district
Generally within same elevation, and determined by wherein vibration measuring point on the basis of vibration measuring point C, i.e. test big gun hole and vibration measuring point C
The bench face in next quick-fried district, front, step side of plane and district is vertical, and another vibration measuring point D is arranged in benchmark vibration measuring point C
Side；Wherein, each vibration measuring point has a vibration measurement instrument；
4) fire point and the three-dimensional coordinate measurement of each vibration measuring point: utilize total powerstation or GPS measure fire point and each
The three-dimensional coordinate of vibration measuring point, wherein the coordinate of fire point O measures azimuthal coordinates and the big gun of acquisition, i.e. fire point O indirectly
Aperture, hole azimuthal coordinates is identical, and the elevation coordinate of fire point O is that aperture, big gun hole elevation deducts hole depth；Each vibration measuring point
Coordinate the most directly measures acquisition；
5) explosion velocity detection device disposes: put into the bottom in big gun hole after explosion velocity detects the netting twine end counterweight of device,
Aperture, big gun hole lifts, and carries out powder charge according to normal process, priming device big gun is put into the bottom in big gun hole, then
Filling explosive, makes explosion velocity detection device be embedded in explosive, then blocks and connect blasting circuit；
6) vibration measurement instrument is connected to be measured: each vibration measurement instrument be connected with synchronous signal acquisition device, and start synchronizing signal
Harvester, enters state to be measured；
7) detonation velocity meter is connected to be measured: by netting twine (netting twine outside the explosion velocity detection device) unwrapping wire that is wrapped on wheel disc to the most quick-fried
Cut off behind safety zone outside district, general require beyond quick-fried district scope 30～50 meters, after the thin wire that end is exposed strips out,
Connect the signals collecting port of multistage detonation velocity meter in order, start multistage detonation velocity meter, enter state to be measured；
8) detonate: according to shotfiring safety regulatory requirements, carry out blast warning, then assign order of detonating, perform after detonating
Step 9)～step 11)；
9) in test big gun hole, explosion velocity of explosive calculates: read the adjacent two group probe trigger signal of multistage detonation velocity meter record
Time difference, by two groups of adjacent probes divided by the time difference triggering signal, it is thus achieved that the explosion velocity of explosive in test big gun hole, use CMedicineRepresent；
10) same level rock mass velocity of sound adjacent to quick-fried district calculates: according to fire point O, vibration measuring point A and vibration measuring point B
Three-dimensional coordinate, calculates fire point O to vibration measuring point A and distance OA of vibration measuring point B and OB, the OA in the present embodiment
＜ OB, calculates vibration measuring point A and vibration measuring point B away from anaseismic range difference Δ lAdjacent=OB OA；From synchronous signal acquisition
Device reads vibration signal and arrives vibration measuring point A and the time t of vibration measuring point BAAnd tB, t in the present embodimentA＜ tB, meter
Calculate vibration signal and arrive vibration measuring point A and the time difference Δ t of vibration measuring point BAdjacent=tB–tA；Finally calculate same level neighbouring
Rock mass velocity of sound C in quick-fried districtAdjacent rock=Δ lAdjacent/ΔtAdjacent；
11) the rock mass velocity of sound in next quick-fried district, front, step side calculates: according to fire point O, vibration measuring point A and vibration measuring point B
Three-dimensional coordinate, calculate fire point O to vibration measuring point A and distance OA of vibration measuring point B and OB, if OA ＜ OB,
Calculate vibration measuring point A and vibration measuring point B away from anaseismic range difference Δ lAdjacent=OB OA, if OA ＞ OB, calculate this two
Individual vibration measuring point is away from anaseismic range difference Δ lAdjacent=OA OB；From synchronous signal acquisition device, read vibration signal arrive
Vibration measuring point A and the time t of vibration measuring point BAAnd tBIf, tA＜ tB, calculate vibration signal and arrive vibration measuring point A and vibration measuring point
The time difference Δ t of BAdjacent=tB–tAIf, tA＞ tB, calculate vibration signal and arrive vibration measuring point A and the time difference of vibration measuring point B
ΔtAdjacent=tA–tB；Finally calculate same level rock mass velocity of sound C adjacent to quick-fried districtAdjacent rock=Δ lAdjacent/ΔtAdjacent；
12) different quick-fried districts explosive and wave impedance of rock matching relationship forecast: by the explosion velocity of explosive in test big gun hole and test
In big gun hole, the density of explosive is multiplied, it is thus achieved that the natural impedance of explosive, i.e. ρ in test big gun holeMedicineCMedicine；Same level is neighbouring
The rock mass velocity of sound in quick-fried district is multiplied adjacent to the density of quick-fried district rock with same level, it is thus achieved that same level is adjacent to quick-fried district rock
Natural impedance, i.e. ρAdjacent rockCAdjacent rock；By the rock mass velocity of sound in next quick-fried district, front, step side and next quick-fried district, front, step side rock
Density be multiplied, it is thus achieved that the natural impedance of next quick-fried district, front, step side rock, i.e. ρLower rockCLower rock；
13) blasting scheme is optimized and revised: forecast with wave impedance of rock matching relationship by above-mentioned difference quick-fried district explosive, can
With preferred explosive kind accordingly, design explosive property, adjust data of explosive filled, make the Impedance matching of explosive and rock,
Thus when giving full play to explosive charge, the energy of release carrys out fragmented rock body, finally realizes fine explosion and environmental protection explosion.
In sum, the inventive method is applicable to explosive and the Impedance matching relation of rock during in-site measurement deep hole blasting,
The total energy approach of the broken specific rock mass of acting after the explosive charge of different performance parameter under research practice of construction operating mode
Rate, thus instruct explosive property parameter designing and fine explosion design.
The above, preferred embodiment the most of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any
Those familiar with the art in scope disclosed in this invention, according to technical scheme and send out
Bright design equivalent or change in addition, broadly falls into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the method for an in-site measurement deep hole blasting Explosive-rock matching relation, it is characterised in that: described method profit
With by the explosion velocity of explosive in net thread explosion velocity detection measurement device test big gun hole, wherein explosion velocity detection device has four
Group explosion velocity test probe, when the detonation wave when explosive charge passes to often organize explosion velocity test probe position, explosive is quick-fried
The fried ionosphere produced is become conducting state by often organizing explosion velocity test probe from off-state, thus sends triggering signal,
The adjacent spacing between two groups of explosion velocity test probes, divided by the time difference of these two groups of explosion velocity test probe trigger signals, obtains
The explosion velocity of explosive in big gun hole must be tested；In the big gun hole of utilization test simultaneously, the blast of explosive is as focus, quick-fried by being arranged in
District's same level is adjacent to two vibration measurement instrument of the bench face middle and lower part in quick-fried district, and is arranged in next step side, quick-fried district
Two vibration measurement instrument of the bench face middle and lower part in quick-fried district, front, it is thus achieved that the country rock of each vibration measurement instrument correspondence vibration measuring point shakes
Dynamic signal, two vibration measuring points of same bench face arrive two vibration measuring points with the range difference of focus divided by vibration signal
Time difference, it is thus achieved that the same level rock mass velocity of sound adjacent to quick-fried district and the rock mass velocity of sound in next quick-fried district, front, step side；Root
According to the rock mass velocity of sound adjacent to quick-fried district of the explosion velocity of explosive, same level in test big gun hole and next quick-fried district, front, step side
The rock mass velocity of sound, respectively obtain test big gun hole in the natural impedance of explosive, same level adjacent to quick-fried district rock natural impedance and
The natural impedance of next quick-fried district, front, step side rock, in test big gun hole, natural impedance and the same level of explosive are adjacent to quick-fried district rock
The natural impedance of stone, next quick-fried district, front, step side rock natural impedance between ratio be respectively test big gun hole in explosive with
Same level is adjacent to quick-fried district rock, the Impedance matching relation of next quick-fried district, front, step side rock.
The method of a kind of in-site measurement deep hole blasting Explosive-rock matching relation the most according to claim 1, its
It is characterised by: said method comprising the steps of:
1) elder generation's quick-fried big gun hole in selected quick-fried district is as test big gun hole；
2) at distance webs thread end 1～2 meters, on the sheath of netting twine, cut a gap open with cutter, expose one group
Being twisted into the thin wire of twisted shape, this group thin wire has two, then flushes with shears and cut off this group thin wire, forms one group
Explosion velocity test probe；On netting twine, measure constant spacing with ribbon, repeat aforementioned explosion velocity test probe manufacturing operation,
Ultimately forming four groups of explosion velocity test probes, explosion velocity detection device i.e. completes；Wherein, often group explosion velocity tests probe
Two thin wire end faces are closely packed together；
3) on the exposed protolith of the bench face middle and lower part in quick-fried district, two vibration measuring points are arranged in quick-fried district same level, this
Two vibration measuring points are positioned at same elevation；The exposed protolith of the bench face middle and lower part in next quick-fried district, front, step side in quick-fried district
Two vibration measuring points of upper layout, the two vibration measuring point is positioned at vibration measuring point on the basis of same elevation, and one of them vibration measuring point,
The i.e. bench face in next quick-fried district, front, step side of plane and district determined by test big gun hole and this vibration measuring point is vertical, another
Individual vibration measuring point is arranged in the side of benchmark vibration measuring point；Wherein, each vibration measuring point has a vibration measurement instrument；
4) fire point and the three-dimensional coordinate of each vibration measuring point are measured；
5) put into the bottom in big gun hole after explosion velocity is detected the netting twine end counterweight of device, lift in aperture, big gun hole,
Priming device big gun is put into the bottom in big gun hole again, then loads explosive, make explosion velocity detection device be embedded in explosive,
Then block and connect blasting circuit；
6) each vibration measurement instrument is connected with synchronous signal acquisition device, and starts synchronous signal acquisition device, enter shape to be measured
State；
7) cut off after explosion velocity is detected the safety zone outside the extremely quick-fried district of the netting twine unwrapping wire outside device, the thin wire that end is exposed
After stripping out, connect the signals collecting port of multistage detonation velocity meter in order, start multistage detonation velocity meter, enter state to be measured；
8) according to shotfiring safety regulatory requirements, carry out blast warning, then assign order of detonating, after detonating, perform step 9)
～step 11)；
9) time difference of the adjacent two group probe trigger signal of multistage detonation velocity meter record is read, by two groups of adjacent probes
Divided by the time difference triggering signal, it is thus achieved that the explosion velocity of explosive in test big gun hole；
10) two vibration measuring point three-dimensional coordinates of the bench face adjacent to quick-fried district according to fire point and same level, calculate
Quick-fried point is to the distance of the two vibration measuring point, then calculates the two vibration measuring point away from anaseismic range difference；Adopt from synchronizing signal
Storage reads vibration of base rock signal and arrives the time of the two vibration measuring point, then calculate vibration signal arrival the two vibration measuring
The time difference of point, the two vibration measuring point arrives the time of the two vibration measuring point away from anaseismic range difference divided by vibration signal
Difference is the same level rock mass velocity of sound adjacent to quick-fried district；
11) according to fire point and two vibration measuring point three-dimensional coordinates of the bench face in next quick-fried district, front, step side, calculate
Fire point is to the distance of the two vibration measuring point, then calculates the two vibration measuring point away from anaseismic range difference；From synchronizing signal
Harvester reads vibration of base rock signal and arrives the time of the two vibration measuring point, then calculate vibration signal arrival the two survey
Shake time difference a little, the two vibration measuring point away from anaseismic range difference divided by vibration signal arrive the two vibration measuring point time
Between difference be the rock mass velocity of sound in next quick-fried district, front, step side；
12) according to the rock mass velocity of sound adjacent to quick-fried district of the explosion velocity of explosive, same level and next step side in test big gun hole
The rock mass velocity of sound in quick-fried district, front, in obtaining test big gun hole respectively, the natural impedance of explosive, same level are adjacent to quick-fried district rock
Natural impedance and the natural impedance of next quick-fried district, front, step side rock, the natural impedance of explosive and same level in test big gun hole
Big gun is respectively tested adjacent to the ratio between the natural impedance of quick-fried district rock, the natural impedance of next quick-fried district, front, step side rock
In hole, explosive and same level are adjacent to quick-fried district rock, the Impedance matching relation of next quick-fried district, front, step side rock.
The method of a kind of in-site measurement deep hole blasting Explosive-rock matching relation the most according to claim 2, its
It is characterised by: step 12) in, described according to the explosion velocity of explosive, the same level rock mass adjacent to quick-fried district in test big gun hole
The velocity of sound and the rock mass velocity of sound in next quick-fried district, front, step side, obtain the natural impedance, same of explosive in test big gun hole respectively
Level adjacent to the natural impedance of quick-fried district rock and the natural impedance of next quick-fried district, front, step side rock, particularly as follows:
The explosion velocity of explosive in test big gun hole is multiplied with the density of explosive in test big gun hole, it is thus achieved that explosive in test big gun hole
Natural impedance；The same level rock mass velocity of sound adjacent to quick-fried district is multiplied adjacent to the density of quick-fried district rock with same level, it is thus achieved that
Same level is adjacent to the natural impedance of quick-fried district rock；Before the rock mass velocity of sound in next quick-fried district, front, step side and next step side
The density of Fang Bao district rock is multiplied, it is thus achieved that the natural impedance of next quick-fried district, front, step side rock.
The method of a kind of in-site measurement deep hole blasting Explosive-rock matching relation the most according to claim 2, its
It is characterised by: step 4) in, described measurement fire point and the three-dimensional coordinate of each vibration measuring point, particularly as follows:
The azimuthal coordinates that the three-dimensional coordinate of fire point measures acquisition, i.e. fire point indirectly is identical with aperture, big gun hole azimuthal coordinates,
The elevation coordinate of fire point is that aperture, big gun hole elevation deducts blast hole depth；The three-dimensional coordinate of each vibration measuring point is directly measured and is obtained
?.
The method of a kind of in-site measurement deep hole blasting Explosive-rock matching relation the most according to claim 4, its
It is characterised by: step 4) in, the three-dimensional coordinate of described fire point and each vibration measuring point utilizes total powerstation or GPS to measure.
The method of a kind of in-site measurement deep hole blasting Explosive-rock matching relation the most according to claim 2, its
It is characterised by: step 10), particularly as follows:
If fire point is O, two vibration measuring points of the same level bench face adjacent to quick-fried district are respectively A and B, according to
Fire point O, vibration measuring point A and the three-dimensional coordinate of vibration measuring point B, calculate fire point O to vibration measuring point A and vibration measuring point B
Distance OA and OB, if OA ＜ OB, calculate vibration measuring point A and vibration measuring point B away from anaseismic range difference Δ lAdjacent=OB
OA, if OA is ＞ OB, calculates the two vibration measuring point away from anaseismic range difference Δ lAdjacent=OA OB；From synchronizing letter
Number harvester reads vibration signal and arrives vibration measuring point A and the time t of vibration measuring point BAAnd tBIf, tA＜ tB, calculating is shaken
Dynamic signal arrives vibration measuring point A and the time difference Δ t of vibration measuring point BAdjacent=tB–tAIf, tA＞ tB, calculate vibration signal and arrive
Vibration measuring point A and the time difference Δ t of vibration measuring point BAdjacent=tA–tB；Finally calculate same level rock mass velocity of sound C adjacent to quick-fried districtAdjacent rock=Δ lAdjacent/ΔtAdjacent。
The method of a kind of in-site measurement deep hole blasting Explosive-rock matching relation the most according to claim 2, its
It is characterised by: step 11), particularly as follows:
If fire point is O, two vibration measuring points of the bench face in next quick-fried district, front, step side are respectively C and D, its
Vibration measuring point on the basis of middle vibration measuring point C, calculates fire point O to vibration measuring point C and distance OC of vibration measuring point D and OD,
Calculate two vibration measuring points again away from anaseismic range difference Δ lUnder=OD OC；Vibration is read from synchronous signal acquisition device
Signal arrives vibration measuring point C and the time t of vibration measuring point DCAnd tD, then vibration signal arrival vibration measuring point C and vibration measuring point D
Time difference Δ tUnder=tD–tC；Finally calculate rock mass velocity of sound C in next quick-fried district, front, step sideLower rock=Δ lUnder/ΔtUnder。
The method of a kind of in-site measurement deep hole blasting Explosive-rock matching relation the most according to claim 2, its
It is characterised by: step 2) in, described sheath is pvc sheath.
9. according to a kind of in-site measurement deep hole blasting Explosive-rock matching relation described in any one of claim 1-8
Method, it is characterised in that: described test big gun hole is the big gun hole being vertically arranged, and in test big gun hole, the explosive of filling is vertical
Cylindric.
10. according to a kind of in-site measurement deep hole blasting Explosive-rock matching relation described in any one of claim 1-8
Method, it is characterised in that: described vibration measurement instrument is vibrating sensor.
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