CN105973287A - Multi-track absolute grating scale image coding and decoding method - Google Patents
Multi-track absolute grating scale image coding and decoding method Download PDFInfo
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- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-track absolute grating scale image coding and decoding method. The coding method includes the steps of employing a searching algorithm to encode the multiple information of a multi-track absolute grating scale to obtain the multiple information code of the multi-track absolute grating scale, wherein the searching algorithm can encode with maximal same sub-string length as a characteristic and can flexibly adjust the coding quantity and coding scope, decomposing the multiple information code of the multi-track absolute grating scale to multiple binary code tracks, conducting position coding on the binary code tracks to obtain a corresponding binary code track code, adding labels to the code words of the binary code track code to obtain a final code, and compiling each code word and positional information of the final code into a table for storage. The method is simple and highly effective, the coding is wide in scope and can be flexibly adjusted. Decoding can be done in high speed and high accuracy. The method is widely applicable to the coding field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coding field, a kind of many rails absolute grating ruler image encoding/decoding method.
Background technology
Grating scale is precision measurement means widely used on lathe, and it can be divided into base according to main measuring principle
Block or the incremental code grating scale interfered and the absolute code grating scale measured based on absolute code (also make absolute code compile in Moire fringe
Code device).Relative to incremental code grating scale, each position is encoded by absolute code grating scale, in actual use, and absolute code light
Grid chi remains to reading positional information after restarting under the fortuitous events such as power down, without back to zero, not to be had because of back to zero yet
The cumulative error caused.These advantages make absolute code grating scale under the trend that automaticity now is the highest, are subject to
Pay close attention to the most widely.
But, current absolute code grating scale, especially many rails absolute grating ruler, the most unified international code decoding mark
Accurate so that the structure of grating scale is complicated, coding range not and cannot be adjusted flexibly, and decoding speed is slow and precision is low.
Summary of the invention
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, it is an object of the invention to: provide a kind of simple, efficiency high, coding range wide and
Can be adjusted flexibly, many rails absolute grating ruler method for encoding images.
It is another object of the present invention to: it is an object of the invention to: providing a kind of simple, decoding speed is fast and precision is high
, many rails absolute grating ruler picture decoding method.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of many rails absolute grating ruler method for encoding images, comprises the following steps:
S1, employing are searched element algorithm and are encoded the multiple information of many rails absolute grating ruler, obtain many rails absolute grating ruler many
Metamessage code, described in search element algorithm encode with the maximum a length of feature of identical substring, and can flexible group/cording quantity and
Coding range;
S2, the multiple information code of many rails absolute grating ruler is decomposed on a plurality of binary code channel, then carry out on binary code channel
Position encoded, obtain corresponding binary code channel coding;
S3, between the code word of binary code channel coding, add label, obtain final coding, and according to each in final coding
Coding codeword and positional information are made form and are stored.
Further, search described in element algorithm meet: have between different codeword sequences a maximum identical substring length (b-
1),bFor the code length of substring and a length of (b-1) substring at most can only occur once in code set;Arbitrarily compile
Code length isbSubstring all differ;By information word number and code word size nRegulation group/cording quantity and coding range.
Further, the information word number of described many rails absolute grating ruler multiple information is 2 x ,xFor positive integer.
Further, described label be one binary two code channel coding, and searched element algorithm get rid of.
What the present invention was taked another solution is that
A kind of many rails absolute grating ruler picture decoding method, comprises the following steps:
S1, obtain the printing opacity frame of many rails absolute grating ruler;
S2, obtain binary symbol value according to printing opacity frame, and synthesize polynary symbol value according to binary symbol value;
S3, label to code word each in polynary symbol value are identified, and then use matching method of tabling look-up to obtain many rails absolute light
The accurate location coding of grid chi multiple information code.
Further, described step S2 includes:
S21, obtain binary symbol value according to printing opacity frame by imageing sensor;
S22, according to set multiple information code decomposition rule by binary symbol value synthesize polynary symbol value.
Further, described step S3 includes:
The label of code word each in polynary symbol value is identified by S31, employing matching method, identifies label location;
S32, matching method of tabling look-up according to the employing of label location are decoded, and obtain the thick code of label position, described label position
Put thick code and include the thick code of codeword position and the thick code of label code word location before label;
S33, label information code thick to label position according to each code word are finely divided, and obtain decoded code value.
Further, described step S32 particularly as follows:
If label be positioned at decoding image first half section, then to label afterbBit symbols uses matching method of tabling look-up to be decoded, and
Using the positional information that obtains as the thick code of label code word locationA, now, before label, the thick code of codeword position isA-(l+n)*d;If
Label be positioned at decoding image second half section, then to label beforebBit symbols uses matching method of tabling look-up to be decoded, and to obtain
Positional information as the thick code of codeword position before labelA, now, the thick code of label code word location isA+(l+n)*d, wherein, decoding
Image is formed by the decoding of printing opacity frame,bFor the code length of substring,lFor the length of label,nFor the length of code word,d
Width for single grating.
Further, described step S32 particularly as follows:
Using the most central bar code code element of label as position reference point, to decode the central point of image as measuring reference by location
Point, it is judged that whether position reference point overlaps, the most then using the thick code of label position as decoded code with measurement position reference point
Value;Otherwise, then carry out further according to position reference point and distance and the label location measured between position reference point
Segmentation, and using the segmentation value that obtains as decoded code value.
Further, described enter according to position reference point and distance and the label location measured between position reference point
Row is the step for segment further, itself particularly as follows:
According to the distance between position reference point and measurement position reference pointp*dAnd label location is thick to label position
Code segments further, if label is positioned at the first half section of decoding image, the then thick code of label code word locationADecoded code value isA+p*d, before label, the decoded code value of the thick code of codeword position isA-(l+n-p)*d;If label is positioned at the later half of decoding image
Section, then the thick code of codeword position before labelADecoded code value isA-p*d, the decoded code value of the thick code of label code word location isA+
(l+n-p)*d,pFor position reference point and the number measuring position reference point spacing code element.
The coded method of the present invention provides the benefit that: use the maximum a length of feature of identical substring searches element algorithm to many
The multiple information of rail absolute grating ruler encodes, and energy flexible group/cording quantity and coding range, coding range is wide;By many rails
The multiple information code of absolute grating ruler decomposes on a plurality of binary code channel, multiple information code is decomposed into existing grating scale and manufactures skill
The binary information code position coded method that art is commonly used, simple in construction, coding rate is fast, and efficiency is high;Coding code word it
Between add label, it is simple to the mode subsequently through tag location is decoded.
The coding/decoding method of the present invention provides the benefit that: first obtain binary symbol value according to the printing opacity frame obtained,
Synthesize polynary symbol value further according to binary symbol value, then the label of code word each in polynary symbol value is identified, finally
Matching method of tabling look-up is used to obtain the accurate location coding of many rails absolute grating ruler multiple information codes, integrated use tag location
Mode and matching method of tabling look-up are decoded, and simple in construction, decoding speed is fast and precision is high.Further, according to the position residing for label
Put employing matching method of tabling look-up to be decoded, obtain the thick code of label position, then according to the label information of each code word to label position
Put thick code to be finely divided, obtain decoded code value, more accurately.Further, matching algorithm of tabling look-up has only to carry outbBit code
The coupling of unit, without carrying out all-key coupling, further increases decoding speed.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of steps of the present invention a kind of many rails absolute grating ruler method for encoding images;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of steps of the present invention a kind of many rails absolute grating ruler picture decoding method;
Fig. 3 is the process schematic that the thick code in a pair position of the embodiment of the present invention is finely divided.
Detailed description of the invention
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of many rails absolute grating ruler method for encoding images, comprise the following steps:
S1, employing are searched element algorithm and are encoded the multiple information of many rails absolute grating ruler, obtain many rails absolute grating ruler many
Metamessage code, described in search element algorithm encode with the maximum a length of feature of identical substring, and can flexible group/cording quantity and
Coding range;
S2, the multiple information code of many rails absolute grating ruler is decomposed on a plurality of binary code channel, then carry out on binary code channel
Position encoded, obtain corresponding binary code channel coding;
S3, between the code word of binary code channel coding, add label, obtain final coding, and according to each in final coding
Coding codeword and positional information are made form and are stored.
Be further used as preferred embodiment, described in search element algorithm meet: between different codeword sequences, have one
Maximum identical substring length (b-1),bFor the code length of substring and a length of (b-1) substring in code set
How can only occur once;Arbitrarily code length isbSubstring all differ;By information word number and code word sizenRegulation is compiled
Number of codes and coding range.
Being further used as preferred embodiment, the information word number of described many rails absolute grating ruler multiple information is 2 x ,x
For positive integer.
Being further used as preferred embodiment, described label is a binary two code channel coding, and has been searched element algorithm institute
Get rid of.
With reference to Fig. 2, a kind of many rails absolute grating ruler picture decoding method, comprise the following steps:
S1, obtain the printing opacity frame of many rails absolute grating ruler;
S2, obtain binary symbol value according to printing opacity frame, and synthesize polynary symbol value according to binary symbol value;
S3, label to code word each in polynary symbol value are identified, and then use matching method of tabling look-up to obtain many rails absolute light
The accurate location coding of grid chi multiple information code.
Being further used as preferred embodiment, described step S2 includes:
S21, obtain binary symbol value according to printing opacity frame by imageing sensor;
S22, according to set multiple information code decomposition rule by binary symbol value synthesize polynary symbol value.
Being further used as preferred embodiment, described step S3 includes:
The label of code word each in polynary symbol value is identified by S31, employing matching method, identifies label location;
S32, matching method of tabling look-up according to the employing of label location are decoded, and obtain the thick code of label position, described label position
Put thick code and include the thick code of codeword position and the thick code of label code word location before label;
S33, label information code thick to label position according to each code word are finely divided, and obtain decoded code value.
Be further used as preferred embodiment, described step S32 particularly as follows:
If label be positioned at decoding image first half section, then to label afterbBit symbols uses matching method of tabling look-up to be decoded, and with
The positional information obtained is as the thick code of label code word locationA, now, before label, the thick code of codeword position isA-(l+n)*d;If mark
Sign be positioned at decoding image second half section, then to label beforebBit symbols uses matching method of tabling look-up to be decoded, and with the position obtained
Confidence ceases as the thick code of codeword position before labelA, now, the thick code of label code word location isA+(l+n)*d, wherein, decode image
Formed by the decoding of printing opacity frame,bFor the code length of substring,lFor the length of label,nFor the length of code word,dFor single
The width of grating.
Be further used as preferred embodiment, described step S32 particularly as follows:
Using the most central bar code code element of label as position reference point, to decode the central point of image as measuring reference by location
Point, it is judged that whether position reference point overlaps, the most then using the thick code of label position as decoded code with measurement position reference point
Value;Otherwise, then carry out further according to position reference point and distance and the label location measured between position reference point
Segmentation, and using the segmentation value that obtains as decoded code value.
Be further used as preferred embodiment, described according to position reference point and the distance measured between position reference point with
And label location is the step for segment further, itself particularly as follows:
According to the distance between position reference point and measurement position reference pointp*dAnd label location is thick to label position
Code segments further, if label is positioned at the first half section of decoding image, the then thick code of label code word locationADecoded code value
ForA+ p*d, before label, the decoded code value of the thick code of codeword position isA-(l+n-p)*d;If after label is positioned at decoding image
Half section, then the thick code of codeword position before labelADecoded code value isA-p*d, the decoded code value of the thick code of label code word location
ForA+ (l+n-p)*d,pFor position reference point and the number measuring position reference point spacing code element.
Below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment one
The present invention proposes a kind of many rails absolute grating ruler image encoding/decoding method, and multiple information decomposes a plurality of dual code
Road, as can be by four metamessages (A, G, C, T) decomposable asymmetric choice net to two binary code channel, eight metamessages then decomposable asymmetric choice net to three binary
Code channel is first-class;Then it is carried out position encoded, make form of tabling look-up.During decoding, use the table match i.e. decodable code of method contrast
Go out corresponding positional information.The present embodiment, mainly as a example by four metamessages, realizes process to coding and decoding and illustrates.
Many rails absolute grating ruler image encoding/decoding method of the present embodiment specifically includes that
(1) coding
(1) in order to ensure the uniqueness of different coding codewords and diversity and yardage, present invention employs searching algorithm, it is achieved
Coding to four metamessages (A, G, C, T).The searching algorithm of the present embodiment has the following characteristics that 1) ensure that the different code word of coding
Diversity, have between different codeword sequences a maximum identical substring length (b-1), and a length of (b-1) substring is being compiled
Code set at most can only occur once;2) arbitrarily coding code length isbSubstring all differ;3) by information word number and
Code word sizenRegulation group/cording quantity and coding range.The scope of code length can reason out the code word number of coding as requested
Amount.For general multiple information coding, information word number is the biggest, and the code pond encoded is the biggest, available encoded number
Many.The present invention realizes the regulation of group/cording quantity by the regulation of information word number and code word size n, thus have adjusted coding site
Length range.
(2) in order to position each code word, the present embodiment adds label between code word.The present embodiment adds
Label is a special binary two code channel coding, and it is got rid of by searching algorithm before.Such as,bWhen=7, this label
Can be taken as that two rows are same 1110111, i.e. the label of quaternary code element is TTTCTTT.Wherein, the position of C is by correspondence coding site
Reference point.Tag lengthlPosition, then a complete code is a length ofl+nPosition, it can be (lllllnnnn) shape that code word is constituted
Formula or (nnnnllll) form, i.e. label are as the head of code word or tail, and the present embodiment is using as a example by code word head;dFor
The width of single grating, then code word spacing be (l+n)*d。
(2) decoding
(1) optical system that the present invention is used when decoding is traditional optical sensor system.The light sent by light source is through standard
Impinge perpendicularly on grating scale after straight mirror, and grating scale printing opacity information read after being processed by imageing sensor below, after warp
Later continuous embedded device is decoded.The reading code message length of the present embodiment imageing sensor is taken asl+2n, it is ensured that regard
In Chang, at least a label is read.
(2) each coding codeword and positional information are made form of tabling look-up by the present invention, it is thus achieved that image procossing after, obtain
Its polynary symbol value, then by matching process of tabling look-up, can find its represented positional information, and concrete implementation process is such as
Under:
1) first pass through imageing sensor and obtain binary symbol value, and the decomposition rule synthesis multi-element code code determined by ()
Value;Then identify label, obtained the position of label by matching method.Owing to label is the special code word elected, by coupling
Method is readily obtained the position of label.Followed by, use matching method of tabling look-up to be decoded according to label location, obtain label
The thick code in position: the label that obtains is positioned at the first half section of decoding image if identifying, then to label afterbBit symbols is tabled look-up decoding, obtains
Positional information be the thick code of label code word location, be set toA, before label, the thick code of codeword position isA-(l+n)*d;If identifying
To label be positioned at decoding image second half section, then to label beforebBit symbols is tabled look-up decoding, and the positional information obtained is mark
Sign the thick code in position of previous code word, be set toA, then the thick code of label code word location (i.e. the positional value of code word corresponding to label) isA+
(l+n)*d.The position thick code C of label is i.e. can get by the method.Due to the substring the most not phase that any two code length is b
With, so the matching algorithm of the present invention has only to carry outbThe coupling of bit symbols, without carrying out all-key coupling, the speed of decoding
Degree is faster.
Additionally, grating scale in working order under, due to the change of work condition environment, as because of adverse circumstances occur grid line pollute or
Imageing sensor reading head, to the distance change etc. of grating scale, may cause the identification difficulty of indivedual grid line, now can suitably carry
The redundancy of high decoding, i.e. carries out mating more than the code element of b position, thus ensures to remain in the presence of a harsh environment be correctly decoded, improve and solve
The reliability of code.
2) label information of each code word is utilized to segment: with the most central bar code code element C of label as position reference point, with
The central point of decoding image is the reference point measuring position, it is judged that whether the two overlaps, the most then the thick code of label position is accurate
Value (the most decoded code value);Otherwise, according to the distance between position reference point and measurement position reference pointp*dAnd residing for label
Position be finely divided, obtain segmentation value, and using segmentation value as decoded code value, as shown in Fig. 3 and table 1 below.
Table 1 label position and decoded result mapping table
The present invention proposes a kind of many rails absolute grating ruler image encoding/decoding method, including: multiple information is by maximum identical
The cataloged procedure of a length of feature of substring, can flexible coded number and coding range;Multiple information code is decomposed into existing light
Grid chi manufacturing technology can and the process of binary information code, simpler, in hgher efficiency;The decoding carried out is positioned by label position
Process, decoding speed is fast and precision is high.The present invention is a kind of simple, quick and feasible coding-decoding method, owing to it encodes
After grating scale be a plurality of binary information, existing binary raster chi segmentation technology therefore can also be applied to improve precision.
It is above the preferably enforcement of the present invention is illustrated, but the invention is not limited to described enforcement
Example, those of ordinary skill in the art also can make all equivalent variations on the premise of spirit of the present invention or replace
Changing, deformation or the replacement of these equivalents are all contained in the application claim limited range.
Claims (10)
1. rail absolute grating ruler method for encoding images more than a kind, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
S1, employing are searched element algorithm and are encoded the multiple information of many rails absolute grating ruler, obtain many rails absolute grating ruler many
Metamessage code, described in search element algorithm encode with the maximum a length of feature of identical substring, and can flexible group/cording quantity and
Coding range;
S2, the multiple information code of many rails absolute grating ruler is decomposed on a plurality of binary code channel, then carry out on binary code channel
Position encoded, obtain corresponding binary code channel coding;
S3, between the code word of binary code channel coding, add label, obtain final coding, and according to each in final coding
Coding codeword and positional information are made form and are stored.
One many rails absolute grating ruler method for encoding images the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that search element calculation described in:
Method meet: have between different codeword sequences a maximum identical substring length (b-1),bFor the code length of substring, and
A length of (b-1) substring at most can only occur once in code set;Arbitrarily code length isbSubstring the most not phase
With;By information word number and code word sizenRegulation group/cording quantity and coding range.
One many rails absolute grating ruler method for encoding images the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described many rails are exhausted
Information word number to grating scale multiple information is 2 x ,xFor positive integer.
4. according to the one many rails absolute grating ruler method for encoding images described in claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterised in that: described
Label be one binary two code channel coding, and searched element algorithm get rid of.
5. rail absolute grating ruler picture decoding method more than a kind, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
S1, obtain the printing opacity frame of many rails absolute grating ruler;
S2, obtain binary symbol value according to printing opacity frame, and synthesize polynary symbol value according to binary symbol value;
S3, label to code word each in polynary symbol value are identified, and then use matching method of tabling look-up to obtain many rails absolute light
The accurate location coding of grid chi multiple information code.
One many rails absolute grating ruler picture decoding method the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described step S2
Including:
S21, obtain binary symbol value according to printing opacity frame by imageing sensor;
S22, according to set multiple information code decomposition rule by binary symbol value synthesize polynary symbol value.
One many rails absolute grating ruler picture decoding method the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described step S3
Including:
The label of code word each in polynary symbol value is identified by S31, employing matching method, identifies label location;
S32, matching method of tabling look-up according to the employing of label location are decoded, and obtain the thick code of label position, described label position
Put thick code and include the thick code of codeword position and the thick code of label code word location before label;
S33, label information code thick to label position according to each code word are finely divided, and obtain decoded code value.
One many rails absolute grating ruler picture decoding method the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: described step
S32 particularly as follows:
If label be positioned at decoding image first half section, then to label afterbBit symbols uses matching method of tabling look-up to be decoded, and
Using the positional information that obtains as the thick code of label code word locationA, now, before label, the thick code of codeword position isA-(l+n)*d;If
Label be positioned at decoding image second half section, then to label beforebBit symbols uses matching method of tabling look-up to be decoded, and to obtain
Positional information is as the thick code of codeword position before labelA, now, the thick code of label code word location isA+(l+n)*d, wherein, decoding figure
As being formed by the decoding of printing opacity frame,bFor the code length of substring,lFor the length of label,nFor the length of code word,d
Width for single grating.
One many rails absolute grating ruler picture decoding method the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: described step
S32 particularly as follows:
Using the most central bar code code element of label as position reference point, to decode the central point of image as measuring reference by location
Point, it is judged that whether position reference point overlaps, the most then using the thick code of label position as decoded code with measurement position reference point
Value;Otherwise, then carry out further according to position reference point and distance and the label location measured between position reference point
Segmentation, and using the segmentation value that obtains as decoded code value.
One many rails absolute grating ruler picture decoding method the most according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: described basis
The step for that position reference point and the distance measured between position reference point and label location being segmented further, its
Particularly as follows:
According to the distance between position reference point and measurement position reference pointp*dAnd label location code thick to label position
Segment further, if label is positioned at the first half section of decoding image, the then thick code of label code word locationADecoded code value isA+p*d, before label, the decoded code value of the thick code of codeword position isA-(l+n -p)*d;If label is positioned at the second half section of decoding image,
The then thick code of codeword position before labelADecoded code value isA-p*d, the decoded code value of the thick code of label code word location isA+ (l
+n-p)*d,pFor position reference point and the number measuring position reference point spacing code element.
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CN108362208A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-08-03 | 广州数控设备有限公司 | A kind of pseudorandom code channel grating scale and its read method |
WO2022037464A1 (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2022-02-24 | 腾讯科技(深圳)有限公司 | Video decoding method and apparatus, video coding method and apparatus, device, and storage medium |
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CN103759660A (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2014-04-30 | 广东工业大学 | Method for auxiliary installation and error compensation of absolute optical grating ruler |
CN104019834A (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2014-09-03 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Single code channel absolute position coding method and reading measuring system |
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CN103411635A (en) * | 2013-07-26 | 2013-11-27 | 广东工业大学 | Code micro-macro combined collection method of absolute grating ruler |
CN103759749A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-04-30 | 合肥工业大学 | Single-code-channel absolute position encoder |
CN103759660A (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2014-04-30 | 广东工业大学 | Method for auxiliary installation and error compensation of absolute optical grating ruler |
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CN108362208A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-08-03 | 广州数控设备有限公司 | A kind of pseudorandom code channel grating scale and its read method |
CN108362208B (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2024-04-05 | 广州数控设备有限公司 | Pseudo-random code channel grating ruler and reading method thereof |
WO2022037464A1 (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2022-02-24 | 腾讯科技(深圳)有限公司 | Video decoding method and apparatus, video coding method and apparatus, device, and storage medium |
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