CN105973213B - A kind of laser plumbing method and system for taking correction for deflection of vertical into account - Google Patents

A kind of laser plumbing method and system for taking correction for deflection of vertical into account Download PDF

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CN105973213B
CN105973213B CN201610580350.9A CN201610580350A CN105973213B CN 105973213 B CN105973213 B CN 105973213B CN 201610580350 A CN201610580350 A CN 201610580350A CN 105973213 B CN105973213 B CN 105973213B
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coordinate
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CN105973213A (en
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章迪
郭际明
梅文胜
巢佰崇
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Wuhan University WHU
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
    • G01C15/002—Active optical surveying means

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of laser plumbing method and system for taking correction for deflection of vertical into account, is included in after the completion of laser plumbing, and geodetic coordinates of the LASER SPECKLE center under ECEF coordinate system on laser target is measured using GNSS methods；Using the longitude and latitude at LASER SPECKLE center, the corresponding deviation of plumb line is obtained；Calculate laser target on LASER SPECKLE center to measuring point height difference；Calculate the coordinate correction amount under ECEF coordinate system；Calculate coordinate correction amount of the LASER SPECKLE center under engineering coordinate system；Finally obtain accurate laser plumbing result.The present invention effectively eliminates the coordinate transmission error in existing laser plumbing technological process by fully considering the influence of the deviation of plumb line.Precision of the present invention is high, highly reliable, easy to implement, has stronger engineering practicability, has the engineering significance being even more important for high-building construction, has great market value.

Description

A kind of laser plumbing method and system for taking correction for deflection of vertical into account
Technical field
The invention belongs to engineering measurement field more particularly to a kind of laser plumbing method for taking correction for deflection of vertical into account and it is System.
Background technology
Laser plumbing is the one kind for being transmitted the plane coordinates of measuring point upward or downward along plumb line using laser plummet apparatus Measuring method is generally used, and play an important role in skyscraper, underground construction measure.Its principle is by laser Plumb aligner on measuring point to middle leveling after, a branch of vertical laser is generated using laser plummet apparatus, by right over it or just Laser target is placed at the specific elevation in lower section, can obtain a LASER SPECKLE, the LASER SPECKLE is as start of calculation at specific elevation Foundation.However in the process, the plane coordinates at LASER SPECKLE center is directly equivalent to survey at laser plummet apparatus by the prior art The plane coordinates of point (rise and throw measuring point), has ignored the influence of the deviation of plumb line, coordinate will be caused to transmit generation system sexual deviation.It is such Deviation can increase with the vertical increase for transmitting distance (height), when more than certain height, can cause not permissible Error.
Invention content
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention proposes a kind of laser plumbing technical solution for taking correction for deflection of vertical into account, Accurately to obtain the coordinate at LASER SPECKLE center on laser target.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention provides a kind of laser plumbing method for taking correction for deflection of vertical into account, including following Step,
Step 1, after the completion of laser plumbing, using LASER SPECKLE center P on GNSS methods measure laser target in the earth's core Geodetic coordinates under body-fixed coordinate system, including longitude L, latitude B and geodetic height H；
Step 2, using the longitude and latitude of LASER SPECKLE center P, corresponding deviation of plumb line μ is obtained, in meridian circle and prime vertical On component be expressed as ξ, η；
Step 3, the height difference Δ H of LASER SPECKLE center P to measuring point P0 on laser target is calculated as follows,
Δ H=HP-HP0
Wherein, HP0、HPThe geodetic height of measuring point P0 and LASER SPECKLE center P is represented respectively；
Step 4, the coordinate correction amount under ECEF coordinate system is calculated as follows：
Wherein, Δ x0、Δy0Represent respectively North and South direction corresponding to ECEF coordinate system under plane right-angle coordinate, The coordinate corrective value of east-west direction, ρ=206265；
Step 5, if Δ x, Δ y represent North and South direction, the coordinate correction amount of east-west direction under engineering coordinate system respectively,
The coordinate correction amount under engineering coordinate system is calculated as follows：
Wherein, k, θ represent what plane right-angle coordinate corresponding to ECEF coordinate system was converted to engineering coordinate system respectively Scale factor and rotation angle, Δ x0、Δy0Respectively represent engineering coordinate system under North and South direction, east-west direction coordinate corrective value；
Step 6, accurate coordinates of the LASER SPECKLE center P under engineering coordinate system is calculated as follows, obtains final laser Cultellation measurement result,
Wherein, xP、yPNorthern coordinate, eastern coordinates of the LASER SPECKLE center P under engineering coordinate system are represented respectively；xP0、yP0Point It Biao Shi not northern coordinate, eastern coordinates of the measuring point P0 under engineering coordinate system.
Moreover, in step 1, the precision for the geodetic coordinates that GNSS methods measure is better than 1m.
It is to carry out deviation of plumb line survey using astronomical and the earth joint observation method when obtaining the deviation of plumb line moreover, in step 2 Determine or carry out deviation of plumb line measure using GNSS and measurement of the level joint or the gravity field model of the whole world or local is utilized to carry out It calculates and obtains.
Moreover, in step 4, plane right-angle coordinate corresponding to the ECEF coordinate system refers to that Gaussian plane right angle is sat Mark system, central meridian are the warp by point P.
The present invention provides a kind of laser plumbing system for taking correction for deflection of vertical into account, includes the following steps,
First unit, for after the completion of laser plumbing, LASER SPECKLE center P on laser target to be measured using GNSS methods Geodetic coordinates under ECEF coordinate system, including longitude L, latitude B and geodetic height H；
Second unit, for using the longitude and latitude of LASER SPECKLE center P, obtaining corresponding deviation of plumb line μ, in meridian circle and Component on prime vertical is expressed as ξ, η；
Third unit, for the height difference Δ H of LASER SPECKLE center P to measuring point P0 on laser target to be calculated as follows,
Δ H=HP-HP0
Wherein, HP0、HPThe geodetic height of measuring point P0 and LASER SPECKLE center P is represented respectively；
Unit the 4th, for the coordinate correction amount under ECEF coordinate system to be calculated as follows：
Wherein, Δ x0、Δy0Represent respectively North and South direction corresponding to ECEF coordinate system under plane right-angle coordinate, The coordinate corrective value of east-west direction, ρ=206265；
Unit the 5th, for setting Δ x, Δ y represents North and South direction under engineering coordinate system respectively, the coordinate of east-west direction changes Positive quantity,
The coordinate correction amount under engineering coordinate system is calculated as follows：
Wherein, k, θ represent what plane right-angle coordinate corresponding to ECEF coordinate system was converted to engineering coordinate system respectively Scale factor and rotation angle, Δ x0、Δy0Respectively represent engineering coordinate system under North and South direction, east-west direction coordinate corrective value；
Unit the 6th for accurate coordinates of the LASER SPECKLE center P under engineering coordinate system to be calculated as follows, obtains final Laser plumbing measurement result,
Wherein, xP、yPNorthern coordinate, eastern coordinates of the LASER SPECKLE center P under engineering coordinate system are represented respectively；xP0、yP0Point It Biao Shi not northern coordinate, eastern coordinates of the measuring point P0 under engineering coordinate system.
Moreover, in first unit, the precision for the geodetic coordinates that GNSS methods measure is better than 1m.
It is to carry out the deviation of plumb line using astronomical and the earth joint observation method when obtaining the deviation of plumb line moreover, in second unit Measure or using GNSS and measurement of the level joint carry out deviation of plumb line measure or using global or local gravity field model into Row, which calculates, to be obtained.
Moreover, in Unit the 4th, plane right-angle coordinate corresponding to the ECEF coordinate system refers to that Gaussian plane is straight Angular coordinate system, central meridian are the warp by point P.
The present invention effectively eliminates the seat in existing laser plumbing technological process by fully considering the influence of the deviation of plumb line Mark transmission error.Precision of the present invention is high, highly reliable, easy to implement, has stronger engineering practicability, skyscraper is applied Tool has the engineering significance being even more important, and has great market value.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of laser plumbing of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Understand for the ease of those of ordinary skill in the art and implement the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments to this hair It is bright to be described in further detail, it should be understood that implementation example described herein is merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, not For limiting the present invention.
Referring to Fig.1, the present embodiment is a skyscraper, if plane coordinates of its ground measuring point P0 under engineering coordinate system is (xP0=2011.315, yP0=1989.711), a height of H of the earthP0=21.521m.Engineering coordinate system, alternatively referred to as construction are sat Mark system, is a kind of coordinate system.Laser plummet apparatus is set up on P0, and one is laid in the surface of current construction layer, P0 points A laser target by the prior art, can obtain LASER SPECKLE P1 on laser target, and the marking pen of 0.5mm is less than with diameter The position of P1 is identified on target；Further laser plummet apparatus is rotated by 90 °, 180 °, 270 °, obtains different LASER SPECKLEs Position P2, P3, P4, and mark is made on target.Make straight line between P1-P3, make another straight line between P2-P4, by two straight lines Intersection point as P.To acquire the accurate coordinate of P, carry out as follows：
Step 1, after the completion of laser plumbing, using LASER SPECKLE center P on GNSS methods measure laser target in the earth's core Geodetic coordinates L, B, H under body-fixed coordinate system；
GNSS is Global Navigation Satellite System.The GNSS methods, including using GPS/GLONASS/BDS/GALILEO or The satellite system of any other single or more than two combinations, with real-time or post-processing One-Point Location, relative positioning Mode is positioned；The ECEF coordinate system is including WGS84, ITRS, CGCS2000 etc., ephemeris used when being positioned by GNSS It is codetermined with the affiliated coordinate system of coordinate is started；The geodetic coordinates, including longitude L, latitude B and geodetic height H.
As preference, the measurement accuracy of its geodetic coordinates should be better than 1m, to obtain sufficiently accurate deviation of plumb line meter Calculation value, this is that dynamic RTK positioning very easy to implement, such as common can reach cm class precisions in a few minutes.
In embodiment, at point P, a GNSS receiver is set up with tripod, motor spindle is received and leaves the height of point P about For 1.5m, after centering leveling, using GNSS networks RTK (carrier phase difference) method, by connecting CORS, (continuous operation refers to Stand), fixed solution is obtained, acquires longitudes and latitudes of the point P under WGS84 coordinate systems as (L=114 ° 20 ' 10.025 " W, B=30 ° 29 ' 19.832 " S), geodetic height H=201.188m, precision about ± 2cm, the far superior to required precision of 1m.
Step 2, using the longitude and latitude of LASER SPECKLE center P, the deviation of plumb line μ at this is obtained, in meridian circle and the fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches tenth of the twelve Earthly Branches Component on circle is expressed as ξ, η.
As preference, the acquisition methods of the deviation of plumb line, refer to hang down using astronomical and the earth joint observation method Line deviation measuring, the precision of such method can reach 0.3 ".
As preference, the acquisition methods of the deviation of plumb line, refer to utilize GNSS and measurement of the level simultaneous determination vertical line Deviation, the advantage of such method are to can reach 1 in topography flat country precision ".
As preference, the acquisition methods of the deviation of plumb line, refer to using the gravity field model of the whole world or local (such as EGM2008 it) is calculated, the advantage is that need not carry out field operation measurement.
In embodiment, at point P, using astronomical geodesy method, by observing fixed star, the astronomical longitude and latitude of point P is measured It spends for (λ=114 ° 20 ' 00.857 " W, Φ=30 ° 29 ' 20.958 " S), thus acquires deviation of plumb line component at this (usually only 0.1 ") need to be accurate to as ξ=Φ-B=1.1 ", η=(λ-L) cosB=-7.9 ", unit is the second.
Step 3, the height difference Δ H of LASER SPECKLE center P to measuring point P0 on laser target is calculated as follows：
Δ H=HP-HP0
Wherein, HP0、HPThe geodetic height of measuring point P0 and LASER SPECKLE center P is represented respectively.
In embodiment, the height difference of LASER SPECKLE center P to measuring point P0 on laser target is calculated：
Δ H=HP-HP0=201.188-21.521=179.667m
Step 4, the coordinate correction amount under ECEF coordinate system is calculated as follows：
Wherein, Δ x0、Δy0Represent respectively North and South direction corresponding to ECEF coordinate system under plane right-angle coordinate, The coordinate corrective value of east-west direction, parameter ρ=206265 (radian is scaled the second), remaining symbolic significance are the same.
As preference, plane right-angle coordinate corresponding to the ECEF coordinate system refers to Gaussian parabolic line System, central meridian are the warp by point P, this is the legal projection pattern of China.When it is implemented, other can also be used Gaussian parabolic line system so that remaining arbitrary projection pattern.
In embodiment, calculate under WGS84 benchmark, central meridian be L=114 ° 20 ' 10.025 " Gaussian plane it is straight Coordinate corrective value under angular coordinate system (the present embodiment unit is mm)：
Step 5, if Δ x, Δ y represent North and South direction, the coordinate correction amount of east-west direction under engineering coordinate system respectively,
The coordinate correction amount under engineering coordinate system is calculated as follows：
Wherein, k, θ represent what plane right-angle coordinate corresponding to ECEF coordinate system was converted to engineering coordinate system respectively Scale factor and rotation angle, Δ x0、Δy0Respectively represent engineering coordinate system under North and South direction, east-west direction coordinate corrective value, Remaining symbolic significance is the same.
Between plane right-angle coordinate corresponding to engineering coordinate system and ECEF coordinate system, (included by four parameters：Two Translational movement, a scale factor, a rotation angle) come the transformational relation that both defines, and the transformational relation of its coordinate corrective value It can be acquired by the scale factor in four parameter and rotation angle.If not performing this step directly by ECEF coordinate system Correction under corresponding plane right-angle coordinate is applied on engineering coordinate, it will generates certain error.
In embodiment, if acquiring what aforementioned Gaussian parabolic line system converted to engineering coordinate system by the prior art Scale factor k=0.0000012, rotation angle θ=30 ° 05 ', then it is (this reality that can acquire the coordinate correction amount under engineering coordinate system A unit is applied as mm)：
Step 6, accurate coordinates of the LASER SPECKLE center P under engineering coordinate system is calculated as follows, obtains final laser Cultellation measurement result：
Wherein, xP、yPNorthern coordinate, eastern coordinates of the LASER SPECKLE center P under engineering coordinate system are represented respectively；xP0、yP0Point It Biao Shi not northern coordinate, eastern coordinates of the measuring point P0 under engineering coordinate system；Remaining symbolic significance is the same.
In embodiment, accurate coordinates of the LASER SPECKLE center P under engineering coordinate system is calculated as follows：
When it is implemented, computer software technology, which can be used, in those skilled in the art realizes automatic running more than flow, Modular mode can be used and realize corresponding system.The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of laser plumbing system for taking correction for deflection of vertical into account System, includes the following steps,
First unit, for after the completion of laser plumbing, LASER SPECKLE center P on laser target to be measured using GNSS methods Geodetic coordinates under ECEF coordinate system, including longitude L, latitude B and geodetic height H；
Second unit, for using the longitude and latitude of LASER SPECKLE center P, obtaining corresponding deviation of plumb line μ, in meridian circle and Component on prime vertical is expressed as ξ, η；
Third unit, for the height difference Δ H of LASER SPECKLE center P to measuring point P0 on laser target to be calculated as follows,
Δ H=HP-HP0
Wherein, HP0、HPThe geodetic height of measuring point P0 and LASER SPECKLE center P is represented respectively；
Unit the 4th, for the coordinate correction amount under ECEF coordinate system to be calculated as follows：
Wherein, Δ x0、Δy0Represent respectively North and South direction corresponding to ECEF coordinate system under plane right-angle coordinate, The coordinate corrective value of east-west direction, ρ=206265；
Unit the 5th, for setting Δ x, Δ y represents North and South direction under engineering coordinate system respectively, the coordinate of east-west direction changes Positive quantity,
The coordinate correction amount under engineering coordinate system is calculated as follows：
Wherein, k, θ represent what plane right-angle coordinate corresponding to ECEF coordinate system was converted to engineering coordinate system respectively Scale factor and rotation angle, Δ x0、Δy0Respectively represent engineering coordinate system under North and South direction, east-west direction coordinate corrective value；
Unit the 6th for accurate coordinates of the LASER SPECKLE center P under engineering coordinate system to be calculated as follows, obtains final Laser plumbing measurement result,
Wherein, xP、yPNorthern coordinate, eastern coordinates of the LASER SPECKLE center P under engineering coordinate system are represented respectively；xP0、yP0Point It Biao Shi not northern coordinate, eastern coordinates of the measuring point P0 under engineering coordinate system.
Each module specific implementation can be found in corresponding steps, and it will not go into details by the present invention.
It should be understood that the part that this specification does not elaborate belongs to the prior art.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned description for preferred embodiment is more detailed, can not therefore be considered to this The limitation of invention patent protection range, those of ordinary skill in the art are not departing from power of the present invention under the enlightenment of the present invention Profit is required under protected ambit, can also be made replacement or deformation, be each fallen within protection scope of the present invention, this hair It is bright range is claimed to be determined by the appended claims.

Claims (8)

  1. A kind of 1. laser plumbing method for taking correction for deflection of vertical into account, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps,
    Step 1, it after the completion of laser plumbing, measures LASER SPECKLE center P on laser target using GNSS methods and consolidates in ground heart Geodetic coordinates under coordinate system, including longitude L, latitude B and geodetic height H；
    Step 2, using the longitude and latitude of LASER SPECKLE center P, corresponding deviation of plumb line μ is obtained, on meridian circle and prime vertical Component is expressed as ξ, η；Step 3, the height difference Δ H of LASER SPECKLE center P to measuring point P0 on laser target is calculated as follows,
    Δ H=HP-HP0
    Wherein, HP0、HPThe geodetic height of measuring point P0 and LASER SPECKLE center P is represented respectively；
    Step 4, the coordinate correction amount under ECEF coordinate system is calculated as follows：
    Wherein, Δ x0、Δy0North and South direction under plane right-angle coordinate corresponding to expression ECEF coordinate system, thing respectively The coordinate corrective value in direction, ρ=206265；
    Step 5, if Δ x, Δ y represent North and South direction, the coordinate correction amount of east-west direction under engineering coordinate system respectively,
    The coordinate correction amount under engineering coordinate system is calculated as follows：
    Wherein, k, θ represent the ratio that plane right-angle coordinate corresponding to ECEF coordinate system is converted to engineering coordinate system respectively The factor and rotation angle, Δ x0、Δy0Respectively represent engineering coordinate system under North and South direction, east-west direction coordinate corrective value；
    Step 6, accurate coordinates of the LASER SPECKLE center P under engineering coordinate system is calculated as follows, obtains final laser plumbing Measurement result,
    Wherein, xP、yPNorthern coordinate, eastern coordinates of the LASER SPECKLE center P under engineering coordinate system are represented respectively；xP0、yP0Table respectively Show northern coordinate, eastern coordinates of the measuring point P0 under engineering coordinate system.
  2. 2. take the laser plumbing method of correction for deflection of vertical into account according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 1, GNSS The precision for the geodetic coordinates that method measures is better than 1m.
  3. 3. take the laser plumbing method of correction for deflection of vertical into account according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 2, obtain It is to carry out deviation of plumb line measure using astronomical and the earth joint observation method or joined using GNSS and the measurement of the level during deviation of plumb line It closes and carries out deviation of plumb line measure or carry out calculating acquisition using the gravity field model in the whole world or local.
  4. 4. take the laser plumbing method of correction for deflection of vertical into account according to claims 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that：Step 4 In, plane right-angle coordinate corresponding to the ECEF coordinate system refers to Gaussian parabolic line system, central meridian For the warp by point P.
  5. 5. a kind of laser plumbing system for taking correction for deflection of vertical into account, it is characterised in that：Including with lower unit,
    For after the completion of laser plumbing, LASER SPECKLE center P is measured on laser target on ground using GNSS methods for first unit Geodetic coordinates under heart body-fixed coordinate system, including longitude L, latitude B and geodetic height H；
    Second unit, for using the longitude and latitude of LASER SPECKLE center P, corresponding deviation of plumb line μ being obtained, in meridian circle and the fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches tenth of the twelve Earthly Branches Component on circle is expressed as ξ, η；
    Third unit, for the height difference Δ H of LASER SPECKLE center P to measuring point P0 on laser target to be calculated as follows,
    Δ H=HP-HP0
    Wherein, HP0、HPThe geodetic height of measuring point P0 and LASER SPECKLE center P is represented respectively；
    Unit the 4th, for the coordinate correction amount under ECEF coordinate system to be calculated as follows：
    Wherein, Δ x0、Δy0North and South direction under plane right-angle coordinate corresponding to expression ECEF coordinate system, thing respectively The coordinate corrective value in direction, ρ=206265；
    Unit the 5th, for setting Δ x, Δ y represent respectively North and South direction under engineering coordinate system, east-west direction coordinate correction Amount,
    The coordinate correction amount under engineering coordinate system is calculated as follows：
    Wherein, k, θ represent the ratio that plane right-angle coordinate corresponding to ECEF coordinate system is converted to engineering coordinate system respectively The factor and rotation angle, Δ x0、Δy0Respectively represent engineering coordinate system under North and South direction, east-west direction coordinate corrective value；
    Unit the 6th for accurate coordinates of the LASER SPECKLE center P under engineering coordinate system to be calculated as follows, obtains final swashing Light cultellation measurement result,
    Wherein, xP、yPNorthern coordinate, eastern coordinates of the LASER SPECKLE center P under engineering coordinate system are represented respectively；xP0、yP0Table respectively Show northern coordinate, eastern coordinates of the measuring point P0 under engineering coordinate system.
  6. 6. take the laser plumbing system of correction for deflection of vertical into account according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：In first unit, The precision for the geodetic coordinates that GNSS methods measure is better than 1m.
  7. 7. take the laser plumbing system of correction for deflection of vertical into account according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：In second unit, It is to carry out deviation of plumb line measure using astronomical and the earth joint observation method or surveyed using GNSS and level when obtaining the deviation of plumb line Amount joint carries out deviation of plumb line measure or carries out calculating acquisition using the gravity field model in the whole world or local.
  8. 8. take the laser plumbing system of correction for deflection of vertical into account according to claim 5 or 6 or 7, it is characterised in that：4th is single In member, plane right-angle coordinate corresponding to the ECEF coordinate system refers to Gaussian parabolic line system, central meridian Line is the warp by point P.
CN201610580350.9A 2016-07-21 2016-07-21 A kind of laser plumbing method and system for taking correction for deflection of vertical into account Expired - Fee Related CN105973213B (en)

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CN106950576A (en) * 2017-03-14 2017-07-14 中交第航务工程局有限公司 Cultellation method and system in one kind pipe
CN107677242B (en) * 2017-09-30 2022-06-07 山东科技大学 Plumb line deviation measuring device and method
CN108317993B (en) * 2018-01-10 2020-03-06 山东科技大学 Plumb line deviation measuring device and method integrating GNSS and laser tracker
CN111578968A (en) * 2020-06-17 2020-08-25 中国人民解放军63660部队 Novel plumb line deviation correction method

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CN103674030B (en) * 2013-12-26 2016-08-17 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 The deviation of plumb line dynamic measurement device kept based on astronomical attitude reference and method
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