CN105971036A - Liquefied foundation model test device and method - Google Patents
Liquefied foundation model test device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105971036A CN105971036A CN201610509239.0A CN201610509239A CN105971036A CN 105971036 A CN105971036 A CN 105971036A CN 201610509239 A CN201610509239 A CN 201610509239A CN 105971036 A CN105971036 A CN 105971036A
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- sliding sleeve
- air spring
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- connecting rod
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a liquefied foundation model test device and a liquefied foundation model test method and belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering. The device comprises a model box, a vertical vibrating device, a foundation model and a fixed shell; the model box is of a box type structure formed by a steel plate and is fixed together with the vertical vibrating device by a connecting block at the bottom of the box body, a first strut is fixed on the ground; a first sliding sleeve is sleeved on the first strut and can slide in the vertical direction along the first strut; a first connecting rod is fixed on the first sliding sleeve and can slide up and down along with the first sliding sleeve, and a second strut is fixed on the ground; a second sliding sleeve is sleeved on the second strut and can slide in the vertical direction along the second strut; a second connecting rod is fixed on the second sliding sleeve and can slide up and down along with the second sliding sleeve, the model box is respectively connected with the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod, and the connecting block (the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are involved at Q1) and the first sliding sleeve (the first sliding sleeve and the second sliding sleeve at involved at Q2) can realize steady contact of the connecting block with a rubber air spring; and two ends of the rubber air spring are sealed by end sealing plates.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of liquefied foundation model test apparatus and method, belong to Geotechnical Engineering field.
Background technology
The stability of high slope of China is a practical situation comparing outstanding problem in Geotechnical Engineering at present.Opencut is high
Whether stability of slope directly influences safety and the economic benefit of opencut, but the mould in the open in ore deposit high slope practical study
Type test aspect, experts and scholars only to specific unit, single condition, lack and study in the range of universal Practical significance
Work;At present educational circles theory set up and actual application all lacks corresponding, science, there is actual installation guideline meaning
High slope model assay systems.
Vibration is a key factor of slope stability.Vibration can make slight slope soil property become loose, especially to water content
High fine sand, silt etc., liquefy because of vibrated, can cause a cubic metre of earth slope instability.The change of side slope active force is made
Become slope sliding.As at slope excavating, in side slope heap putting material, the vibration that piling, vehicle traveling, explosion, earthquake etc. cause, broken
It is broken original poised state.Meanwhile, also it is the inducement liquefied.
The principle of air spring: be filled with noble gas or gas mixture in airtight pressure cylinder, in making cavity
Several times of pressure superatmospheric or tens times, utilize the cross-sectional area of piston rod less than the cross-sectional area of piston thus produce
Pressure differential realizes the motion of piston rod.
Due to the fundamental difference in principle, air spring has a significant advantage than common spring: relative velocity slowly,
Dynamic force changes little (typically within 1:1.2), is easily controlled;Shortcoming is that relative volume does not has helical spring little, cost height,
Life-span is relatively short.
Air spring has working depth and can regulate at any time, and rigidity can be by the volume of auxiliary chamber and effective area
Being changed, spring system has the advantages such as almost unchanged performance.Air spring has nonlinear characteristic, and its rigidity is with load
Lotus and become, thus its natural frequency of vibration is almost unchanged under any load;Air spring can bear axial load and radial load, logical
The pressure overregulating rubber pneumatic bag compressed air inside can obtain different load-carrying properties.The rigidity of air spring, longitudinally height
Degree, rubber intracavity volume, load-carrying properties by the increase of the weight along with carrying, reduce generating period, soft flexible variety,
The soft succession of so power of being achieved that, effective control of vibration.Therefore consider to be applied to air spring vibration table model,
Thus it is applied to liquefaction test model.
Simplified model pilot system, uses better simply equipment and easy way simulation test truth more directly perceived.
Model is one of method most basic in scientific research, and it, in each door subject, has especially obtained widely in natural science
Application, and the simplification of model plays an important role at aspects such as Neo-Confucianism, engineerings, it can greatly simplify the place to object of study
Reason, particularly at the engineering problem of some complexity, it is possible to allow problem in the calculation simplifying problem on the premise of objective condition
Method, model etc., and then the most preferably solve in face of more complicated engineering problem (this section of Q5 and above five sections:
All should delete).
Generally, (Q6 should be herein: foundation liquefaction is the one of the main reasons of foundation eaerthquake damage, in recent years the whole world
The a lot of earthquakes occurred, cause substantial amounts of foundation liquefaction earthquake and occur, and cause huge Loss of Life and property.Natural
Under the conditions of) pressure of subsoil water maintains a poised state with the pressure of soil interlayer, keep between subsoil water and soil horizon connecing
Stablizing on mouth, can't invade soil layer above.But when subsoil water is vibrated, the mobile situation of subsoil water is by serious offense
The speed that unnecessary moisture can be discharged by sand.The bearing capacity of soil layer granule immediately can be given by water and replace, the internal meeting of Soil structure
Become the situation that can flow as liquid, cause a large amount of deformation of soil, eventually result in whole domain and lose carrying energy
Power (Q7 should be herein: under the effect of seismic dynamic loading, in the soil body, excess pore water pressure steeply rises, and effectively mean stress
Decreasing up to be zero, soil particle is in suspended state, and now sand just there occurs liquefaction.Due to the shearing strength of the soil body after liquefaction
All significantly reducing with modulus of shearing, result in that foundation bearing capacity is not enough, shake falls into excessive, until destroying unstability).Soil liquefaction occurs
Region easily cause above-ground structures inclination, sink, structural damage, the situation even collapsed.Currently, also there is no one
Simple and practical can observe and the assay device of above-ground structures sedimentation situation during Research Method for Foundation Liquefaction and method.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, (Q8 should be herein: in view of this), and the present invention provides a kind of liquefied foundation mould
Type assay device.
A kind of liquefied foundation model test apparatus, including model casing, vertical vibrating device, foundation model and fixing housing,
The case structure that model casing is made up of steel plate, contiguous block and vertical vibrating device by box bottom be fixed together, and
One pillar is fixed on the ground;First sliding sleeve is enclosed within the first pillar, it is possible to slide along the first pillar at vertical direction;First even
Extension bar is fixed on the first sliding sleeve, it is possible to along with the first sliding sleeve slides up and down, and the second pillar is fixed on the ground;Second sliding sleeve is enclosed within
On second pillar, it is possible to slide along the second pillar at vertical direction;Second connecting rod is fixed on the second sliding sleeve, it is possible to along with
Second sliding sleeve slides up and down, and model casing connects head rod and the second connecting rod respectively, and (Q9 should be contiguous block herein: first
Connecting rod and the second connecting rod) and the first sliding sleeve (Q10 should be herein: the first sliding sleeve and the second sliding sleeve) contiguous block and rubber can be made
The contact of glue air spring is stable;The two ends of rubber air spring are all closed by end-blocking plate.
Rubber air spring internal layer is air-tightness rubber layer, and rubber air spring outer layer is the rubber layer that media-resistant is aging,
It is bent capsule in the middle of rubber air spring, the built-in girdle ring of rubber air spring;Base is used for supporting and controlling rubber air spring.
The surrounded upper body of model casing, the casing base of upper body is supported by four lower limb posts, during casing base passes through
Vacant table face and upper body are connected.
A kind of liquefied foundation model test method, containing following steps;
First the model casing of band foundation model is fixed to above the rubber air spring of vertical vibrating device, then will be solid
Fixed shell is enclosed within the outside of model casing, finally starts vertical vibrating device, and when rubber air spring expands, jack-up model casing erects
Directly moving upward, the contiguous block of model casing drives head rod and the second connecting rod to move upward vertically together, due to first
Sliding sleeve and head rod are fixing to be connected and be enclosed within the first pillar, so the first sliding sleeve is also with head rod together
Move straight up;Owing to the second sliding sleeve and the second connecting rod are fixing connection and it is enclosed within the second pillar, so second is sliding
Set moves upward vertically together also with the second connecting rod;
When rubber air spring shrinks, model casing moves straight down, and the contiguous block of model casing drives head rod
Move downward vertically together with the second connecting rod, so the first sliding sleeve is along with head rod and the second sliding sleeve are along with the second connection
Bar moves downward vertically together, repeats above vibration processes, and the foundation model in model casing will liquefy, above-ground structures
Will run-off the straight, sink, structural damage, the situation even collapsed, reach the effect of liquefied foundation model test.
The invention have the advantage that (supplementing)
1. can visual pattern simulate soil occur liquefaction process, this function mainly by vertical vibrating device and ground
Base model realization;
2. describe the detailed step of a kind of liquefied foundation model test, the most simple to operate, and can be effectively
When simulating foundation liquefaction, the steadiness of above-ground structures.
This assay device simple in construction, with low cost, easy to use, can not only visual pattern simulate soil occur
The process of liquefaction, and can be to soil liquefaction during, inclination that above-ground structures occurs, sink, structural damage, very
Effectively simulate to the situation collapsed and observe and analyze.
Accompanying drawing explanation
When considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, by referring to detailed description below, it is possible to be more completely more fully understood that the present invention with
And easily learn the advantage that many of which is adjoint, but accompanying drawing described herein is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention,
Constituting the part of the present invention, the schematic description and description of the present invention is used for explaining the present invention, is not intended that this
Bright improper restriction, such as figure wherein:
Fig. 1: for the liquefied foundation model test apparatus overall schematic of the present invention;
Fig. 2: for the mold box configuration schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3: for the vertical vibrating apparatus structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4: for the foundation model structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 5: for the fixing housing structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 6: for the liquefied foundation model test apparatus upwards vibrational structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 7: for the liquefied foundation model test apparatus downward vibrational structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
The present invention is further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Detailed description of the invention
Obviously, those skilled in the art belong to the guarantor of the present invention based on the many modifications and variations that spirit of the invention is done
Protect scope.
Those skilled in the art of the present technique it is understood that unless expressly stated, singulative used herein " ", "
Individual ", " described " and " being somebody's turn to do " also be able to include plural form.It is to be further understood that the description of the present invention uses
Wording " includes " referring to there is described feature, integer, step, operation, element and/or assembly, but it is not excluded that existence or adds
Add other features one or more, integer, step, operation, element, assembly and/or their group.It should be understood that when we claim
Element is " connected " or during " coupled " to another element, and it can be directly connected or coupled to other elements, or also be able to deposit
In intermediary element.Additionally, " connection " used herein or " coupling " can include wireless connections or couple.Wording used herein
"and/or" includes one or more any cell listing item being associated and all combinations.
It is understood that unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (include technology art to those skilled in the art of the present technique
Language and scientific terminology) have with the those of ordinary skill in art of the present invention be commonly understood by identical meaning.Also should
Being understood by, those terms defined in such as general dictionary should be understood that the meaning having with the context of prior art
The meaning that justice is consistent, and unless defined as here, will not explain by idealization or the most formal implication.
For ease of the understanding to the embodiment of the present invention, do as a example by several specific embodiments further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing
Explanation, and each embodiment is not intended that the restriction to the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment 1: as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, a kind of liquefied foundation model test apparatus, bag
Include model casing 1, vertical vibrating device 2, foundation model 3 and fixing housing 4, the box knot that model casing 1 is made up of steel plate 1.1
Structure, contiguous block 1.2 and vertical vibrating device 2 by box bottom be fixed together,
First pillar 2.1 is fixed on the ground;First sliding sleeve 2.2 is enclosed within the first pillar 2.1, it is possible to along the first pillar
2.1 slide at vertical direction;Head rod 2.3 is fixed on the first sliding sleeve 2.2, it is possible to along with gliding on the first sliding sleeve 2.2
It is dynamic,
Second pillar 2.6 is fixed on the ground;Second sliding sleeve 2.7 is enclosed within the second pillar 2.6, it is possible to along the second pillar
2.6 slide at vertical direction;Second connecting rod 2.8 is fixed on the second sliding sleeve 2.7, it is possible to along with gliding on the second sliding sleeve 2.7
It is dynamic,
Model casing 1 connects head rod 2.3 and the second connecting rod 2.8 respectively, and (Q11 should be contiguous block 1.2 herein:
One connecting rod 2.3 and the second connecting rod 2.8) and the first sliding sleeve 2.2 (Q12 should be herein: the first sliding sleeve 2.2 and the second sliding sleeve
2.7) contiguous block can be made to contact with rubber air spring 2.4 stable;The two ends of rubber air spring 2.4 are all by end-blocking plate envelope
Closing, rubber air spring 2.4 internal layer is air-tightness rubber layer, and rubber air spring 2.4 outer layer is the rubber layer that media-resistant is aging,
It is bent capsule in the middle of rubber air spring 2.4, the built-in girdle ring of rubber air spring 2.4;It is empty that base 2.5 is used for supporting and control rubber
Air spring 2.4,
A bit of bottom above-ground structures 3.1 is fixed on ground 3.2;Ground 3.2 is positioned at above-ground structures 3.1 and ground
Between lower water 3.3;Subsoil water 3.3 is positioned at the bottom of model casing, has certain water pressure,
Upper body 4.1 is enclosed in the outside of model casing 1, and effect is to make model casing 1 up-down vibration steady, thereon can
The situation of change of enough top view liquefied foundation models.Casing base 4.2 is supported by four lower limb posts, and casing base 4.2 passes through hollow table
Face and upper body 4.1 are connected.
Embodiment 2: as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, a kind of liquefied foundation model test apparatus, use
Model test apparatus in simulation liquefied foundation, it is possible to liquefy because of vibrated for ground foundation simulation, causes building on the ground
Build thing tilt, sink, structural damage, the situation even collapsed.
A kind of liquefied foundation model test apparatus, including model casing 1, vertical vibrating device 2, foundation model 3 and set casing
Body 4, the case structure that model casing 1 is made up of steel plate 1.1, contiguous block 1.2 and vertical vibrating device 2 by box bottom are solid
It is scheduled on together.
First pillar 2.1 is fixed on the ground;First sliding sleeve 2.2 is enclosed within the first pillar 2.1, it is possible to along the first pillar
2.1 slide at vertical direction;Head rod 2.3 is fixed on the first sliding sleeve 2.2, it is possible to along with gliding on the first sliding sleeve 2.2
Dynamic, it is connected to contiguous block 1.2 (Q13 should be herein: head rod 2.3 and the second connecting rod 2.8) and the first sliding sleeve 2.2 (Q14
Should be: the first sliding sleeve 2.2 and the second sliding sleeve 2.7 herein) contiguous block can be made to contact with rubber air spring 2.4 stably;Rubber
The two ends of air spring 2.4 are all closed by end-blocking plate, and internal layer is air-tightness rubber layer, and outer layer is the rubber layer that media-resistant is aging,
Centre is bent capsule, built-in girdle ring;Base 2.5 is used for supporting and controlling rubber air spring 2.4.
A bit of bottom above-ground structures 3.1 is fixed on ground 3.2;Ground 3.2 is positioned at above-ground structures 3.1 and ground
Between lower water 3.3;Subsoil water 3.3 is positioned at the bottom of model casing, has certain water pressure.
Upper body 4.1 is enclosed in the outside of model casing, and effect is to make model casing up-down vibration steady, above it can
The situation of change of top view liquefied foundation model.Casing base 4.2 is supported by four lower limb posts, by hollow desktop and upper body
4.1 be connected.
Embodiment 3: a kind of liquefied foundation model test method, containing following steps;
When liquefied foundation model test apparatus works, first the model casing 1 of band foundation model is fixed to vertical vibrating
Above the rubber air spring 2.4 of device 2, then fixing housing 4 is enclosed within the outside of model casing 1, finally starts vertical vibrating
Device 2, when rubber air spring 2.4 expands, jack-up model casing 1 moves straight up, and the contiguous block 1.2 of model casing 1 drives
Head rod 2.3 and the second connecting rod 2.8 move upward vertically together, owing to the first sliding sleeve 2.2 with head rod 2.3 is
Fix connection and be enclosed within the first pillar 2.1, so the first sliding sleeve 2.2 is also with head rod 2.3 the most upwards
Motion;Owing to the second sliding sleeve 2.7 and the second connecting rod 2.8 are fixing to be connected and be enclosed within the second pillar 2.6, so the second cunning
Set 2.7 moves upward vertically together also with the second connecting rod 2.8;
When rubber air spring 2.4 shrinks, model casing 1 moves straight down, and the contiguous block 1.2 of model casing 1 drives
One connecting rod 2.3 and the second connecting rod 2.8 move downward vertically together, so the first sliding sleeve 2.2 is along with head rod 2.3 He
Second sliding sleeve 2.7 moves downward vertically together along with the second connecting rod 2.8, repeats above vibration processes, the ground in model casing 1
Model 3 will liquefy, above-ground structures 3.1 will run-off the straight, sink, structural damage, the situation even collapsed, reach
Effect to liquefied foundation model test.
As it has been described above, embodiments of the invention are explained, but as long as essentially without departing from this
Bright inventive point and effect can have a lot of deformation, and this will be readily apparent to persons skilled in the art.Therefore, this
Within the variation of sample is also integrally incorporated in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a liquefied foundation model test apparatus, it is characterised in that include model casing, vertical vibrating device, foundation model and consolidate
Fixed shell, the case structure that model casing is made up of steel plate, contiguous block and vertical vibrating device by box bottom are fixed on
Together, the first pillar is fixed on the ground;First sliding sleeve is enclosed within the first pillar, it is possible to sliding at vertical direction along the first pillar
Dynamic;Head rod is fixed on the first sliding sleeve, it is possible to along with the first sliding sleeve slides up and down, and the second pillar is fixed on the ground;The
Two sliding sleeves are enclosed within the second pillar, it is possible to slide along the second pillar at vertical direction;Second connecting rod is fixed on the second sliding sleeve
On, it is possible to along with the second sliding sleeve slides up and down, model casing connects head rod and the second connecting rod respectively, contiguous block (Q3 this
Place should be: head rod and the second connecting rod) and the first sliding sleeve (Q4 should be herein: the first sliding sleeve and the second sliding sleeve) can make
Contiguous block contacts stable with rubber air spring;The two ends of rubber air spring are all closed by end-blocking plate.
A kind of liquefied foundation model test apparatus the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that rubber air spring internal layer
Being air-tightness rubber layer, rubber air spring outer layer is the rubber layer that media-resistant is aging, is bent capsule in the middle of rubber air spring, rubber
The built-in girdle ring of glue air spring;Base is used for supporting and controlling rubber air spring.
A kind of liquefied foundation model test apparatus the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the surrounded of model casing
Upper body, the casing base of upper body is supported by four lower limb posts, and casing base is connected by hollow desktop and upper body.
4. a liquefied foundation model test method, it is characterised in that containing following steps;
First the model casing of band foundation model is fixed to above the rubber air spring of vertical vibrating device, then by set casing
Body is enclosed within the outside of model casing, finally starts vertical vibrating device, when rubber air spring expands, jack-up model casing vertically to
Upper motion, the contiguous block of model casing drives head rod and the second connecting rod to move upward vertically together, due to the first sliding sleeve
It is fixing to be connected and be enclosed within the first pillar, so the first sliding sleeve is also with head rod vertically together with head rod
Move upward;Owing to the second sliding sleeve and the second connecting rod are fixing connection and it is enclosed within the second pillar, so the second sliding sleeve is also
Along with the second connecting rod moves upward vertically together;
When rubber air spring shrinks, model casing moves straight down, and the contiguous block of model casing drives head rod and the
Two connecting rods move downward vertically together, so the first sliding sleeve is along with head rod and the second sliding sleeve are along with the second connecting rod one
Rising and move straight down, repeat above vibration processes, the foundation model in model casing will liquefy, and above-ground structures will
Run-off the straight, sink, structural damage, the situation even collapsed, reach the effect of liquefied foundation model test.
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CN201610509239.0A CN105971036B (en) | 2016-06-30 | 2016-06-30 | A kind of liquefied foundation model test apparatus and method |
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CN201610509239.0A CN105971036B (en) | 2016-06-30 | 2016-06-30 | A kind of liquefied foundation model test apparatus and method |
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CN105971036A true CN105971036A (en) | 2016-09-28 |
CN105971036B CN105971036B (en) | 2017-12-08 |
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CN201610509239.0A Expired - Fee Related CN105971036B (en) | 2016-06-30 | 2016-06-30 | A kind of liquefied foundation model test apparatus and method |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108362857A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-08-03 | 同济大学 | A kind of model test apparatus for soil body large deformation flowing test under geological process |
CN108412935A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-08-17 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of air spring that piston diameter is variable |
CN111189370A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-05-22 | 安徽工程大学 | Slope blasting shock absorption test device and method |
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TWI331178B (en) * | 2006-10-18 | 2010-10-01 | Univ Ching Yun | |
CN201835296U (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2011-05-18 | 成都理工大学 | Test model box for vibrating table |
CN102535531A (en) * | 2012-01-16 | 2012-07-04 | 辽宁省交通高等专科学校 | Loading test device of inclined dynamic load of pile foundation |
CN105604104A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-05-25 | 山东交通学院 | Experiment model and method for simulating differential settlement of foundation based on air bag method |
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CN2769356Y (en) * | 2005-03-11 | 2006-04-05 | 马金龙 | Film type loading box for pile foundation static load test |
TWI331178B (en) * | 2006-10-18 | 2010-10-01 | Univ Ching Yun | |
CN201835296U (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2011-05-18 | 成都理工大学 | Test model box for vibrating table |
CN102535531A (en) * | 2012-01-16 | 2012-07-04 | 辽宁省交通高等专科学校 | Loading test device of inclined dynamic load of pile foundation |
CN105604104A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-05-25 | 山东交通学院 | Experiment model and method for simulating differential settlement of foundation based on air bag method |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN108362857A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-08-03 | 同济大学 | A kind of model test apparatus for soil body large deformation flowing test under geological process |
CN108412935A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-08-17 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of air spring that piston diameter is variable |
CN111189370A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-05-22 | 安徽工程大学 | Slope blasting shock absorption test device and method |
CN111189370B (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2024-06-11 | 安徽工程大学 | Slope blasting damping test device and method |
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