CN105968451A - 一种耐高温低烟阻燃橡胶电缆料 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种耐高温低烟阻燃橡胶电缆料,由以下重量份的原料制成:腰果壳油摩擦粉12‑15、偏磷酸钡13‑15、矾土7‑8、玄武岩纤维10‑13、蓖麻油4‑5、对苯二甲酸二辛酯2‑3、抗氧剂10353‑4、三聚异氰酸三烯丙酯3‑4、丁腈橡胶55‑65、氯丁橡胶55‑60、石蜡油2‑3、硬脂酸锌3‑4、天然橡胶55‑70、空心玻璃微珠30‑40、硅烷偶联剂kh5501‑1.3、环氧树脂E4412‑16、二乙烯三胺0.06‑0.1、促进剂NS0.1‑0.2、硅烷偶联剂kh5702.6‑3、蒸馏水适量;本发明制备的电缆料防火效果好、阻燃、不易燃烧、低烟,使用寿命长,节约了资源并且实用性好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及电缆材料技术领域,尤其涉及一种耐高温低烟阻燃橡胶电缆料。
背景技术
空心玻璃微珠顾名思义是中空的玻璃微珠,空心度不一样,密度也不一样。大多数情况下,在聚合物中加入空心玻璃微珠,能够显著降低材料成本,改善高粘度物料的加工流动性能,赋予制品更优良的外观,提高材料的刚度甚至强度,在合适的体系和配合条件下,也能在一定程度上提高材料的耐磨性和抗冲击性能,还可给予制品良好的隔热、隔音等性能。随着中国经济的持续快速发展,电缆已广泛应用于各个行业领域,是国内仅次于汽车行业的第二大行业,但普通电缆在不同的环境使用过程中,由于与其它物体摩擦碰撞或侵蚀,导致电缆橡胶表面被破坏或失去原有的性能,尤其是在长期高温、地质条件复杂的环境下使用,其耐磨碰撞、耐温度、耐介质、耐老化、阻燃性能达不到需求,频繁发生电气事故,另外随着国家对电力安全要求的进一步提高,对电缆的质量将越来越高。电缆是电力输送的载体,其使用场景非常广阔,也使得在不同的应用场景中对电缆性能的要求也不相同,特别是在一些比如低温环境下,现有的电缆在使用过程中面临诸多问题,比如在拖拽和弯折过程中,电缆容易损坏,而且在低温环境中,电缆外护套容易变碎,更易损坏,亟待解决。
发明内容
本发明目的就是为了弥补已有技术的缺陷,提供一种耐高温低烟阻燃橡胶电缆料。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种耐高温低烟阻燃橡胶电缆料,由以下重量份的原料制成:腰果壳油摩擦粉12-15、偏磷酸钡13-15、矾土7-8、玄武岩纤维10-13、蓖麻油4-5、对苯二甲酸二辛酯2-3、抗氧剂10353-4、三聚异氰酸三烯丙酯3-4、丁腈橡胶55-65、氯丁橡胶55-60、石蜡油2-3、硬脂酸锌3-4、天然橡胶55-70、空心玻璃微珠30-40、硅烷偶联剂kh5501-1.3、环氧树脂E4412-16、二乙烯三胺0.06-0.1、促进剂NS0.1-0.2、硅烷偶联剂kh5702.6-3、蒸馏水适量。
所述一种耐高温低烟阻燃橡胶电缆料,由以下具体步骤制备制成:
(1)将空心玻璃微珠在120°C烘干2h,将无水乙醇与蒸馏水按质量比9:1配成溶液,再加入硅烷偶联剂KH550溶解制成3-4%的溶液,再加入玻璃微珠在60°C下超声处理60min,结束后在120°C下烘3h,冷却后备用;
(2)将环氧树脂E44用适量的丙酮稀释,搅拌均匀加入步骤(1)制备的空心玻璃微珠,在40°C下以600-800转/分搅拌1h,加热除去溶剂,再加入二乙烯三胺、促进剂NS搅拌均匀,真空脱泡至无气泡,然后在室温下固化备用;
(3)将偏磷酸钡、腰果壳油摩擦粉、矾土和玄武岩纤维混合,加到质量浓度为4-5%的硅烷偶联剂KH570甲苯溶液中,分散均匀,再将氯丁橡胶溶解在此混合溶液中,然后以800-1000转/分下搅拌40-60min,然后加热挥发除去溶剂,烘干后加到造粒机中制成橡胶母料颗粒;
(4)将天然橡胶和丁腈橡胶加到密炼机中,塑炼12-15min,再加入步骤(3)制得的橡胶母粒进行混炼,混炼温度为110-120°C,混炼时间为30-40min,降温至60-70°C时再加入石蜡油、硬脂酸锌和步骤(1)制备的产物,继续混炼,时间为20-30min;
(5)将其余剩余的物质混合,加热至45-50°C时加到步骤(4)的产物中,混合搅拌10-14min后送入硫化机中进行硫化,硫化温度为160-165°C,硫化时间为50-70s,挤出成型即可。
本发明的优点是:本发明将空心玻璃微珠用硅烷偶联剂处理,增多了表面羟基数量,使其在橡胶中分散均匀,并且用环氧树脂包覆在其表面,提高了其对橡胶的补强作用,提高了橡胶的化学稳定性、介电性、增韧的特性,添加的粉体用偶联剂处理与橡胶作用,提高了橡胶分子链之间的作用力,起到交联的作用,增强了橡胶的断裂强度、抗撕裂性,而且削弱了橡胶中氯原子的作用力,降低硬度增加了橡胶的弹性,提高了加工塑性,改善了加工工艺,添加的经处理的偏磷酸钡、腰果壳油摩擦粉、矾土和玄武岩纤维能够增强橡胶的耐高温、隔热、耐火、耐磨、阻燃等方面的作用,本发明制备的电缆料防火效果好、阻燃、不易燃烧、低烟,对环境污染小,使用寿命长,节约了资源并且实用性好。
具体实施方式
一种耐高温低烟阻燃橡胶电缆料,由以下重量份(公斤)的原料制成:腰果壳油摩擦粉12、偏磷酸钡13、矾土7、玄武岩纤维10、蓖麻油4、对苯二甲酸二辛酯2、抗氧剂10353、三聚异氰酸三烯丙酯3、丁腈橡胶55、氯丁橡胶55、石蜡油2、硬脂酸锌3、天然橡胶55、空心玻璃微珠30、硅烷偶联剂kh5501、环氧树脂E4412、二乙烯三胺0.06、促进剂NS0.1、硅烷偶联剂kh5702.6、蒸馏水适量。
所述一种耐高温低烟阻燃橡胶电缆料,由以下具体步骤制备制成:
(1)将空心玻璃微珠在120°C烘干2h,将无水乙醇与蒸馏水按质量比9:1配成溶液,再加入硅烷偶联剂KH550溶解制成3%的溶液,再加入玻璃微珠在60°C下超声处理60min,结束后在120°C下烘3h,冷却后备用;
(2)将环氧树脂E44用适量的丙酮稀释,搅拌均匀加入步骤(1)制备的空心玻璃微珠,在40°C下以600转/分搅拌1h,加热除去溶剂,再加入二乙烯三胺、促进剂NS搅拌均匀,真空脱泡至无气泡,然后在室温下固化备用;
(3)将偏磷酸钡、腰果壳油摩擦粉、矾土和玄武岩纤维混合,加到质量浓度为4%的硅烷偶联剂KH570甲苯溶液中,分散均匀,再将氯丁橡胶溶解在此混合溶液中,然后以800转/分下搅拌40min,然后加热挥发除去溶剂,烘干后加到造粒机中制成橡胶母料颗粒;
(4)将天然橡胶和丁腈橡胶加到密炼机中,塑炼12min,再加入步骤(3)制得的橡胶母粒进行混炼,混炼温度为110°C,混炼时间为30min,降温至60°C时再加入石蜡油、硬脂酸锌和步骤(1)制备的产物,继续混炼,时间为20min;
(5)将其余剩余的物质混合,加热至45°C时加到步骤(4)的产物中,混合搅拌10min后送入硫化机中进行硫化,硫化温度为160°C,硫化时间为50s,挤出成型即可。
拉伸强度(MPa):23.5,拉断伸长率(%):569,拉断永久变形(%)13,撕裂强度(KN/m):55.2,冲击弹性:32,耐臭氧(25°C,浓度0.020~0.030%,30h):无裂纹。
Claims (2)
1.一种耐高温低烟阻燃橡胶电缆料,其特征在于,由以下重量份的原料制成:腰果壳油摩擦粉12-15、偏磷酸钡13-15、矾土7-8、玄武岩纤维10-13、蓖麻油4-5、对苯二甲酸二辛酯2-3、抗氧剂10353-4、三聚异氰酸三烯丙酯3-4、丁腈橡胶55-65、氯丁橡胶55-60、石蜡油2-3、硬脂酸锌3-4、天然橡胶55-70、空心玻璃微珠30-40、硅烷偶联剂kh5501-1.3、环氧树脂E4412-16、二乙烯三胺0.06-0.1、促进剂NS0.1-0.2、硅烷偶联剂kh5702.6-3、蒸馏水适量。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种耐高温低烟阻燃橡胶电缆料,其特征在于,由以下具体步骤制备制成:
(1)将空心玻璃微珠在120°C烘干2h,将无水乙醇与蒸馏水按质量比9:1配成溶液,再加入硅烷偶联剂KH550溶解制成3-4%的溶液,再加入玻璃微珠在60°C下超声处理60min,结束后在120°C下烘3h,冷却后备用;
(2)将环氧树脂E44用适量的丙酮稀释,搅拌均匀加入步骤(1)制备的空心玻璃微珠,在40°C下以600-800转/分搅拌1h,加热除去溶剂,再加入二乙烯三胺、促进剂NS搅拌均匀,真空脱泡至无气泡,然后在室温下固化备用;
(3)将偏磷酸钡、腰果壳油摩擦粉、矾土和玄武岩纤维混合,加到质量浓度为4-5%的硅烷偶联剂KH570甲苯溶液中,分散均匀,再将氯丁橡胶溶解在此混合溶液中,然后以800-1000转/分下搅拌40-60min,然后加热挥发除去溶剂,烘干后加到造粒机中制成橡胶母料颗粒;
(4)将天然橡胶和丁腈橡胶加到密炼机中,塑炼12-15min,再加入步骤(3)制得的橡胶母粒进行混炼,混炼温度为110-120°C,混炼时间为30-40min,降温至60-70°C时再加入石蜡油、硬脂酸锌和步骤(1)制备的产物,继续混炼,时间为20-30min;
(5)将其余剩余的物质混合,加热至45-50°C时加到步骤(4)的产物中,混合搅拌10-14min后送入硫化机中进行硫化,硫化温度为160-165°C,硫化时间为50-70s,挤出成型即可。
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CN113035427A (zh) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-06-25 | 上海上力特种电缆有限公司 | 一种耐高温电缆及其制备方法 |
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