CN105959923A - Farmland intrusion detecting system and monitoring method based on wireless sensing network - Google Patents
Farmland intrusion detecting system and monitoring method based on wireless sensing network Download PDFInfo
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- CN105959923A CN105959923A CN201610266511.7A CN201610266511A CN105959923A CN 105959923 A CN105959923 A CN 105959923A CN 201610266511 A CN201610266511 A CN 201610266511A CN 105959923 A CN105959923 A CN 105959923A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/12—Messaging; Mailboxes; Announcements
- H04W4/14—Short messaging services, e.g. short message services [SMS] or unstructured supplementary service data [USSD]
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B15/00—Identifying, scaring or incapacitating burglars, thieves or intruders, e.g. by explosives
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
- G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
- G08B25/10—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using wireless transmission systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
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- Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a farmland intrusion detecting system and monitoring method based on a wireless sensing network. The system comprises a plurality of wireless sensor nodes, which are communicated through a ZigBee protocol. Each wireless sensor node comprises an AVR microcontroller and two inductors. The two kinds of inductors include a passive infrared sensor and an ultrasonic sensor. The passive infrared sensor is used for detecting whether a foreign body invades the farmland or not and the ultrasonic sensor is used for detecting the distance from the foreign body to the farmland. The plurality of wireless sensor nodes is divided into sensing nodes, intermediate nodes and base station nodes. The sensing nodes detect the intrusion of and the distance from a foreign body to a farmland through the two kinds of inductors and the intermediate nodes route the information detected by the sensing nodes to the base station nodes through a one-hop/multi-hop mode. The base station nodes send a short message to a farmer's mobile phone via GSM, and activate the alarm in the farmer's house at the same time. The invention enables the farmer to monitor the farmland in real time whenever and wherever possible and has a good use value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture applied technology field, be specifically related to a kind of farmland based on wireless sense network system for monitoring intrusion and
Monitoring method
Background technology
The fast development of " microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) " technology has inspired the appearance of wireless sensor network technology.
In a wireless sensor network, sense node can sense the physical phenomenon that some are concrete, and the data sensed is passed
Deliver in base-station node.Wireless sense network has been applied in every field, such as agricultural, target tracking, health monitoring
Follow the trail of with Wildlife.Due to the resource-constrained character of wireless sense network, a sense node can pass through single-hop or multi-hop side
Formula transmits data in base-station node.
Agricultural is very important resource, especially in developing country.Advanced science and technology worldwide tremendous expansion
Agricultural facility.The technology of some advanced persons, such as GIS-Geographic Information System (GIS), global positioning system (GPS), wireless
Sensor network (WSN) and distance sensing (RS), have a lot of application on agricultural facility.WSN is on farmland
Different movable monitorings have played great effect.Wireless sense network mainly has following components, space in application agriculturally
Data acquisition, Precision Irrigation, variable bit rate technology and offer data.Further, wireless sense network may apply to agriculture
Environment in industry, the monitoring of weather.Wireless sense network application in agricultural have following advantage, such as at farmland ring
Under border, monitoring period length, distance decision-making and monitoring system based on graphic user interface.
Summary of the invention
In a system of the invention, sense node monitors that the invader entering farmland, detection data are transferred to number by intermediate node
According in base-station node, base-station node controls alarm again and sends warning, reminds peasant household farmland to have invasion sign.Realize this
Bright concrete technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of farmland based on wireless sense network system for monitoring intrusion, including several wireless sensor nodes, described wireless biography
Communicated by Zigbee protocol between sensor node；Described wireless sensor node includes AVR microcontroller and two kinds of induction apparatuss；
The two induction apparatus includes passive infrared induction apparatus and ultrasonic sensing device；Described passive infrared induction apparatus for detection with or without
Foreign object invasion farmland, described ultrasonic sensing device is for detecting the distance in outer object distance farmland；
Several wireless sensor nodes described are divided into sense node, intermediate node and base-station node；Described sense node is passed through
Two kinds of induction apparatuss detect the presence of foreign object invasion farmland and invasion distance, and the information that sense node detects is passed through by described intermediate node
The mode of one jumping/multi-hop route gives base-station node；Described base-station node sends short message in peasant household's mobile phone by GSM,
Activate the siren of peasant household's family simultaneously.
Further preferably, described AVR microcontroller ATMEGA 324PA-PU.
Further preferably, described passive infrared induction apparatus uses HC-SR501；Described ultrasonic sensing device uses HC-SR04.
Further preferably, described wireless sensor node includes two kinds of mode of operations: inductive mode and transmission mode；Sensing mould
Under formula, described wireless sensor node is used for monitoring farmland；Under transmission mode, described wireless sensor node is as middle node
Point realizes information router.
Further preferably, described ZigBee address pattern uses 16 bit address.
Further preferably, described node also includes display screen, is used for showing invasion information.
According to above-mentioned monitoring system, the invention allows for a kind of monitoring method, comprise the steps:
S1, original state lower node is in sleep pattern, and when the information of invader being detected, host node is activated；
S2, after host node is triggered, it will create and broadcast message request REQ；Two fields are comprised in REQ bag:
Type field is flag bit, for the kind (REQ bag, REP bag and detection information bag) of distinctive information, mst_pos word
Section contains the positional information of host node；
S3, all adjacent node i receiving REQ bag, return REP information to host node；Described REP bag comprises
Four fields, are kind type of message, distance dist of this node to host node, dump energy RE of this node respectively
Received signal strength RSS with next-hop node；
S4, host node calculates value S of each adjacent node i according to return message REP received, by judging S value
Size, selects next-hop node i.
S5, after choosing next node, host node will detect packets to next node.Described detection information
Comprise 2 fields, be type field respectively, represent the type of information bag, mst_id field, represent invasion information；
S6, next-hop node i are continuing with the method reselection next-hop node of S2-S5, until invasion information will be comprised
Detection information bag is sent to base-station node；
S7, the invasion information of detection is dealt on peasant household's mobile phone by GSM, and activates the warning in man of peasant household by base-station node
Device.
Further, the computing formula of described S value is:
Wherein, REmaxAnd RSSmaxBeing dump energy RE and the maximum of received signal strength RSS of a node, R is
The maximum distance that node can communicate, D is the physical distance between host node and next-hop node i.
Further, in described REQ bag, type field occupies 1 byte, and described mst_pos field occupies 4 bytes；
In described REP bag, type field occupies 1 byte, and dist field occupies 2 bytes, and RE field occupies 1 byte,
RSS field occupies 1 byte.
The invention have the benefit that
1., when invader enters farmland, the system for monitoring intrusion of present invention design can be sent short messages to peasant household in time and trigger
Alarm in man of peasant household.
2. the present invention utilizes AVR microcontroller technology based on wireless senser plate, control in real time, precision height.
3. utilizing passive infrared induction apparatus and ultrasonic sensing device detection invasion information, real-time and accuracy are preferable.
4. the present invention proposes the parameter designing of Performance Evaluation of system for monitoring intrusion, is conducive to assessing system in time, and raising makes
By value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the hierarchical structure schematic diagram that the present invention monitors system；
Fig. 2 is the workflow diagram that the present invention monitors system；
Fig. 3 is the principle schematic that the present invention monitors system；
The REQ packet format schematic diagram of Fig. 4 host node broadcast；
The REP packet format schematic diagram of Fig. 5 intermediate node responds；
Fig. 6 detects the form schematic diagram of information bag.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention will be further described with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As it is shown in figure 1, the monitoring system of the present invention is functionally divided into four layers, ground floor includes two kinds of induction apparatuss: the reddest
Outer induction apparatus and ultrasonic sensing device.Induction apparatus itself does not launch any energy, only passive receives, red from environment of detection
External radiation.The infrared radiation once having invader is come in, and just makes pyroelectric electric device produce sudden change telecommunications through optics into focus
Number, such passive infrared induction apparatus just can sense that invasion sign is activated then.Ultrasonic sensing utensil have frequency high,
The advantages such as wavelength is short, good directionality, ultrasonic sensing device sends ultrasound wave to around, and ultrasound wave can return after running into invader
Return, by the ultrasound wave returned, induction apparatus judges that (induction apparatus is all disposed within limit, farmland to invader apart from the distance of field boundary
In boundary).The data that two kinds of induction apparatuss the sense communication equipment by self, transfers information to the microcontroller of the second layer,
Microcontroller, to these informations, carries out packing process according to different information formats to information.Third layer be responsible for by
Information is sent to base-station node from sense node: after monitoring invasion sign, information is passed by the way of single-hop or multi-hop
Delivering to base-station node, concrete transmission uses Zigbee protocol.4th layer: use GSM technology to send short breath to peasant household's mobile phone
In, activate the siren of peasant household's family simultaneously.Peasant household is by receiving message, it is possible to know the invading conditions in farmland.
As in figure 2 it is shown, the operation principle of present system and flow process are as follows:
S1, all nodes are in sleep pattern in an initial condition, and only when invader being detected, node is activated.
Invader includes animal, the mankind and vehicle etc..All nodes are by being wirelessly connected to network, and each node can
The respective power of self regulation, one has four gears.Like this, each node can be reached by regulation own power
To different communication ranges.Owing to power has four gears, then the communication range of node has four-stage, defines a sense
The maximum distance answering node to communicate is R.Each node comprises two kinds of induction apparatuss, passive infrared induction apparatus and ultrasound wave sense
Answer device.Wherein passive infrared induction apparatus is able to detect that object movement, ultrasonic sensing device can detect mobiles away from farmland
The distance on border.
In the present invention, a sense node has two kinds of mode of operations, respectively inductive mode and transmission mode: under inductive mode,
Sense node is responsible for monitoring the invader in farmland；Under transmission mode, sense node, as route, will be transmitted through from other nodes
Data be further sent in base-station node.Message is transferred to the warning of man of peasant household by GSM by base-station node more afterwards
Device, produces alarm signal.Meanwhile, base-station node also will send the SMS in peasant household's mobile phone.Schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 3.
Assume to deploy 20 sense node on 36 meters of square farmlands, as it is shown on figure 3, inserting knot is at field boundary,
Being arranged in square, the parameter of each node is as shown in table 1:
Table 1
| Parts | Parameter |
| Microcontroller | ATMEGA 324PA-PU |
| SRAM | 2KB |
| Point erasable read-only memory | 1KB |
| Flash memory | 32KB |
| Power supply supplies | 4.8V |
| Clock frequency | 8MHz |
| ZigBee address pattern | 16bits |
| ZigBee power supply supplies | 3.3V |
| Compiler | MikroC PRO for AVR |
| Language | Embedded C |
| Rechargeable battery | GP1300 1.2V |
| Passive infrared induction apparatus | HC-SR501 |
| Ultrasonic sensing device | HC-SR04 |
The device used is as shown in table 2:
Table 2
| Device | Quantity |
| Sense node quantity | 20 |
| The farmland length of side | 36 meters |
| Gateway quantity | 1 |
| Base-station node | 1 |
| Alarm based on GSM | 1 |
| Mobile phone | 1 |
In a system of the invention, detecting that the node of invasion is referred to as host node, host node will select neighbouring node as transmission
The next-hop node of data, for selecting next-hop node, host node needs to consider following factor: (1) next-hop node
Received signal strength RSS；(2) dump energy RE of next-hop node；(3) between host node and next-hop node
Physical distance D.
S2, after host node is triggered, it will creates and broadcast message request REQ, comprises 2 fields in REQ bag,
Type field is flag bit, for the kind (REQ bag, REP bag and detection information bag) of distinctive information bag, mst_pos
Field contains the positional information of host node.
Because the node of all deployment is pre-set, so the positional information of node is known.The form of REQ is such as
Shown in Fig. 4, in REQ bag, type field shows the kind of information, occupies 1 byte, and mst_pos field comprises
The positional information of host node, occupies 4 bytes.
S3, all adjacent nodes receiving REQ bag, all can be to host node return message: REP information bag.REP bag
In have four fields, as it is shown in figure 5, be respectively message kind type field (REQ bag, REP bag and detection information
Bag), occupy 1 byte, the distance dist field of this node to host node, occupy 2 bytes, the residual energy of this node
Amount RE field, occupies 1 byte, and the received signal strength RSS field of next-hop node occupies 1 byte.
S4, host node calculates value S of each adjacent node i according to the return message received, by judging the size of S value,
Select next-hop node.Being calculated as follows of the S value of i-th node:
In formula (1), REmaxAnd RSSmaxIt is dump energy and the maximum of received signal strength RSS of a node.Main
Node will select the node of S value maximum as next-hop node.
S5, after choosing next node, host node will detect packets to next node.Described detection information
The structure of bag (comprising the invasion information that host node detects) as shown in Figure 6, comprises 2 fields, is the kind of message respectively
Class type field (REQ bag, REP bag and detection information bag), occupies 1 byte, mst_id field, represents monitoring
Invasion data, occupy 2 bytes.
S6, next-hop node i are continuing with the method choice next-hop node again of S2-S5, until by detection information bag transmission
To base-station node.
S7, the invasion information of detection is dealt on peasant household's mobile phone by GSM, and activates the warning in man of peasant household by base-station node
Device.
When node is not detected by any activity in regular hour t (may be configured as 30 minutes or other times) or does not has
Receive the data transmission requests from adjacent node, be put into sleep pattern.I.e. only to invasion or receive it when nodal test
During the data transmission requests of his node, just can be activated.
The present invention devises three below parameter and carrys out assessment of system performance:
Accuracy (A): accuracy is defined as invader and the ratio of actual invader that native system detects, unit is %.
Calculation expression is:
The percentage ratio (P) of the node being averagely activated: the percentage ratio of the node that is activated that invader needs detected.Calculate
Expression formula is:
Voltage (V): in special time t, the voltage that detection invader causes declines.
In above-mentioned formula: N is the total quantity of nodes；N is the number of nodes being activated；ND: native system detects
Invader sum；NE: actual invader sum.
In sum, the present invention devises with the system for monitoring intrusion of wireless sensing Network Communication.On hardware model, use based on
The AVR microcontroller of wireless induction plate, tablet is equipped with two kinds of induction apparatus passive infrared induction apparatuss and ultrasound wave sense
Answer device.When invader enters farmland, induction apparatus be responsible for monitoring the arrival of invader and invader's distance field boundary thereof away from
From.After collecting data, sense node sends data to base-station node by the route of intermediate node, and base-station node sends short
Letter is to mobile phone and triggers the alarm in man of peasant household.The process of transmission data is completed by a jumping/multi-hop of node, is connect by judgement
Receive signal intensity and dump energy for according to selecting next-hop node.
Be only for the illustrating of feasibility embodiment of the present invention above, and be not used to limit protection domain, all not
Depart from the spiritual equivalent implementations made of skill of the present invention or change should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. farmland based on a wireless sense network system for monitoring intrusion, it is characterised in that include several wireless sensers
Node, is communicated by Zigbee protocol between described wireless sensor node；Described wireless sensor node includes AVR micro-control
Device processed and two kinds of induction apparatuss；The two induction apparatus includes passive infrared induction apparatus and ultrasonic sensing device；Described passive infrared
Induction apparatus invades farmland for detection with or without foreign object, and described ultrasonic sensing device is for detecting the distance in outer object distance farmland；
Several wireless sensor nodes described are divided into sense node, intermediate node and base-station node；Described sense node is passed through
Two kinds of induction apparatuss detect the presence of foreign object invasion farmland and invasion distance, and the information that sense node detects is passed through by described intermediate node
The mode of one jumping/multi-hop route gives base-station node；Described base-station node sends short message in peasant household's mobile phone by GSM,
Activate the siren of peasant household's family simultaneously.
A kind of farmland based on wireless sense network the most according to claim 1 system for monitoring intrusion, it is characterised in that
Described AVR microcontroller ATMEGA 324PA-PU.
A kind of farmland based on wireless sense network the most according to claim 1 system for monitoring intrusion, it is characterised in that
Described passive infrared induction apparatus uses HC-SR501；Described ultrasonic sensing device uses HC-SR04.
A kind of farmland based on wireless sense network the most according to claim 1 system for monitoring intrusion, it is characterised in that
Described wireless sensor node includes two kinds of mode of operations: inductive mode and transmission mode；Under inductive mode, described wireless biography
Sensor node is used for monitoring farmland；Under transmission mode, described wireless sensor node realizes information router as intermediate node.
A kind of farmland based on wireless sense network the most according to claim 1 system for monitoring intrusion, it is characterised in that
Described ZigBee address pattern uses 16 bit address.
A kind of farmland based on wireless sense network the most according to claim 1 system for monitoring intrusion, it is characterised in that
Described node also includes display screen, is used for showing invasion information.
7. according to the monitoring of a kind of based on wireless sense network the farmland system for monitoring intrusion described in claim 1-6 any one
Method, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
S1, original state lower node is in sleep pattern, and when the information of invader being detected, host node is activated；
S2, after host node is triggered, it will create and broadcast message request REQ；Two fields are comprised in REQ bag:
Type field is flag bit, and for the kind of distinctive information, mst_pos field contains the positional information of host node；
S3, all adjacent node i receiving REQ bag, return REP information to host node；Described REP bag comprises
Four fields, are kind type of message, distance dist of this node to host node, dump energy RE of this node respectively
Received signal strength RSS with next-hop node；
S4, host node calculates value S of each adjacent node i according to return message REP received, by judging S value
Size, selects next-hop node i.
S5, after choosing next node, host node will detect packets to next node；Described detection information
Comprise 2 fields, be type field respectively, represent the type of information bag, mst_id field, represent invasion information；
S6, next-hop node i are continuing with the method reselection next-hop node of step S2-S5, until invasion letter will be comprised
The detection information bag of breath is sent to base-station node；
S7, invasion information is dealt on peasant household's mobile phone by base-station node by GSM, and activates the alarm in man of peasant household.
A kind of farmland based on wireless sense network the most according to claim 7 intrusion detection method, it is characterised in that
The computing formula of described S value is:
Wherein, REmaxAnd RSSmaxBeing dump energy RE and the maximum of received signal strength RSS of a node, R is
The maximum distance that node can communicate, D is the physical distance between host node and next-hop node i.
A kind of farmland based on wireless sense network the most according to claim 7 intrusion detection method, it is characterised in that
In described REQ bag, type field occupies 1 byte, and described mst_pos field occupies 4 bytes；Described REP bag
In, type field occupies 1 byte, and dist field occupies 2 bytes, and RE field occupies 1 byte, and RSS field accounts for
According to 1 byte, in described detection information bag, type field occupies 1 byte, and mst_id field occupies 2 bytes.
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