CN105958077A - Method for preparing tetrabasic lead sulfate with small grain size with sol-gel method - Google Patents
Method for preparing tetrabasic lead sulfate with small grain size with sol-gel method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105958077A CN105958077A CN201610529851.4A CN201610529851A CN105958077A CN 105958077 A CN105958077 A CN 105958077A CN 201610529851 A CN201610529851 A CN 201610529851A CN 105958077 A CN105958077 A CN 105958077A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G21/00—Compounds of lead
- C01G21/20—Sulfates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/14—Electrodes for lead-acid accumulators
- H01M4/16—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/20—Processes of manufacture of pasted electrodes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing tetrabasic lead sulfate with small grain size with a sol-gel method. The method comprises the following steps: under a water-bath stirring condition, taking lead acetate and a complexing agent to be dissolved in distilled water, and then adding a sulfuric acid solution and a dispersing agent to obtain a lead oxide/lead sulfate sol; continuously stirring the lead oxide/lead sulfate sol in water bath, after drying by distillation, carrying out low-temperature presintering and high-temperature sintering respectively in an air atmosphere so as to obtain tetrabasic lead sulfate powder, grinding, and sieving to obtain the tetrabasic lead sulfate with small grain size. The method has the advantages that the preparation process, condition and equipment are relatively simple, and the synthetic tetrabasic lead sulfate with small grain size has excellent performance as a positive active substance additive, and the specific capacity can be improved while the cycle life of a positive active substance is prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that sol-gal process prepares little crystallite dimension four basic lead sulphate (4BS).
Background technology
Four basic lead sulphates (4BS) are one of constituent of positive active material in solidification process, in formation process,
α-the PbO that crystallite dimension is thicker can be converted into2。α-PbO2Can be as active substance skeleton, it is ensured that discharge and recharge smooth
Carry out, improve the cycle life of lead-acid battery positive active material.In order to improve the ratio of 4BS in positive active material, generally
Way be to add a part of 4BS as crystal seed, to promote the formation of 4BS in solidification process during lead plaster.Business at present
The crystallite dimension of four basic lead sulphates (4BS) of industry is relatively big and is crossed-over so that a part of 4BS in formation process
α-PbO cannot be changed into2, specific capacity can be caused to decline as additive.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of sol-gal process and prepares little crystallite dimension four basic lead sulphate
Method, the method preparation process, condition and equipment are relatively easy, and four basic lead sulphate crystallite dimensions of synthesis are little, as just
Pole active material additive excellent performance.
A kind of sol-gal process prepares the method for little crystallite dimension four basic lead sulphate, and it specifically comprises the following steps that
1.1, under the conditions of stirring in water bath, take lead acetate and chelating agent is dissolved in distilled water, be subsequently adding sulfuric acid solution and divide
Powder, obtains lead oxide/lead sulfate colloidal sol；
1.2, lead oxide step 1.1 obtained/lead sulfate colloidal sol continues to carry out water-bath at temperature identical with step 1.1 and stirs
Mix, be evaporated, obtain lead oxide/lead sulfate xerogel；
1.3, lead oxide step 1.2 obtained/lead sulfate xerogel is in air atmosphere, respectively through low temperature presintering knot and height
Temperature sintering, obtains four basic lead sulphate powder；
1.4, powder step 1.3 obtained is polished, crosses 200 mesh sieves, obtains four basic lead sulphates of little crystallite dimension
(4BS)。
Further, the crystallite size of four basic lead sulphates of described little crystallite dimension is 500nm～1 μm.
Further, described lead acetate is 1:1～1:3 with the mol ratio of chelating agent.
Further, described chelating agent is citric acid or EDTA.
Further, the temperature of heating in water bath is 80 DEG C～90 DEG C.
Further, the mass concentration of described sulfuric acid solution is 15%～60%, and described sulfuric acid solution accounts for the total matter of lead acetate
The 3%～9% of amount.
Further, described dispersant is ethylene glycol, aerosil or aluminium sesquioxide.
Further, described lead acetate is 100:2～100:6 with the mass ratio of dispersant.
Further, low temperature presintering junction temperature is 150 DEG C～250 DEG C, and sintering time is 1.5h～3.5h.
Further, high temperature sintering temperature is 300 DEG C～700 DEG C, and sintering time is 5h～7h.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1) preparation process, condition and equipment are relatively easy, with ethylene glycol, aerosil or aluminium sesquioxide as dispersant,
It is possible to prevent in building-up process to reunite between nanometer 4BS granule, it is possible to increase the activity of four basic lead sulphates and chemical conversion turn
Rate；The product purity of synthesis is higher, and four basic lead sulphate crystallite dimensions are little, are uniformly dispersed, and can control in 500nm-1 μm,
As anode activity substance additive excellent performance.
(2) four basic lead sulphates of synthesis are added 1% in positive active material, be prepared as pole plate and be assembled into experimentally
Lead-acid battery.Tested by constant current charge-discharge, be charged to 2.42V constant voltage with 0.25C electric current, respectively with 0.1C, 0.25C and
Discharging under 0.5C electric current, positive active material specific capacity can respectively reach 94.89mAh.g-1、86.42mAh.g-1With
70.78mAh.g-1.Under 0.5C discharge and recharge, through 100 charge and discharge cycles, specific capacity the most substantially decays.Illustrate to add profit
The little crystallite dimension prepared by the present invention, high-purity four basic lead sulphate (4BS), increasing positive active material cycle life
Meanwhile, its specific capacity can be improved.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the XRD figure of four basic lead sulphates of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the SEM figure of four basic lead sulphates of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is four basic lead sulphates utilizing the present invention (corresponding embodiment 1) to obtain, and adds positive pole to by the 1% of Hydrocerussitum (Ceruse) quality
In lead plaster, the SEM figure of cured rear lead plaster；
Fig. 4 is four basic lead sulphates utilizing the present invention (corresponding embodiment 1) to obtain, and adds positive pole to by the 1% of Hydrocerussitum (Ceruse) quality
In lead plaster, cured after the positive plate that obtains be assembled into 2V test-type lead-acid battery, be charged to 2.42V constant voltage with 0.25C electric current,
Respectively to discharge under 0.1C, 0.25C and 0.5C electric current, the charging and discharging curve obtained；
Fig. 5 is four basic lead sulphates utilizing the present invention (corresponding embodiment 1) to obtain, and adds positive pole to by the 1% of Hydrocerussitum (Ceruse) quality
In lead plaster, the cured positive plate obtained is assembled into 2V test-type lead-acid battery, is charged to 2.42V constant voltage with 0.5C electric current, with
Discharge into 1.75V under 0.5C electric current and be circulated charge-discharge test, the cycle performance curve obtained.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment
1.1, under the conditions of 80 DEG C～90 DEG C of stirring in water bath, take lead acetate that mol ratio is 1:1～1:3 and chelating agent is dissolved in steaming
In distilled water, described chelating agent is citric acid or EDTA, is subsequently adding sulfuric acid solution and dispersant, and the quality of described sulfuric acid solution is dense
Degree is 15%～60%, and described sulfuric acid solution accounts for the 3%～9% of lead acetate gross mass, and described dispersant is ethylene glycol, gas phase two
Silicon oxide or aluminium sesquioxide, described lead acetate is 100:2～100:6 with the mass ratio of dispersant, obtains lead oxide/lead sulfate
Colloidal sol；
1.2, lead oxide step 1.1 obtained/lead sulfate colloidal sol continues under the conditions of 80 DEG C～90 DEG C of stirring in water bath, is evaporated,
Obtain lead oxide/lead sulfate xerogel；
1.3, lead oxide step 1.2 obtained/lead sulfate xerogel is in air atmosphere, low respectively through 150 DEG C～250 DEG C
Temperature presintering 1.5h～3.5h and 300 DEG C～700 DEG C of high temperature sintering 5h～7h, obtains four basic lead sulphate powder；
1.4, powder step 1.3 obtained is polished, crosses 200 mesh sieves, obtains four basic lead sulphates (4BS).This four alkali formula
The crystallite size of lead sulfate is 500nm～1 μm.
Embodiment 1
1.1, lead acetate 6.5g and citric acid complexing agent 7.68g (mol ratio 1:2) is weighed, under the conditions of 90 DEG C of stirring in water bath, molten
Solution is in 100mL distilled water, and adding 0.58g mass concentration is the sulfuric acid solution of 51%, the aerosil dispersant of 0.28g
After, obtain lead oxide/lead sulfate colloidal sol；
1.2, lead oxide step 1.1 obtained/lead sulfate colloidal sol continues under the conditions of 90 DEG C of stirring in water bath, obtains oxygen after being evaporated
Change lead/lead sulfate xerogel；
1.3, lead oxide step 1.2 obtained/lead sulfate xerogel is in air atmosphere, respectively through 150 DEG C of low temperature presinterings
Knot 3.5h and 500 DEG C of high temperature sintering 5h, obtains four basic lead sulphate powder；
1.4, powder step 1.3 obtained is polished, crosses 200 mesh sieves, obtains four basic lead sulphates (4BS).This four alkali formula
The crystallite size of lead sulfate is 500nm～1 μm.
Four basic lead sulphates (4BS) embodiment 1 obtained have carried out XRD test, have obtained the XRD diffraction maximum spectrum of material
Figure, as shown in Figure 1.It will be seen from figure 1 that the diffraction maximum of four obtained basic lead sulphates is the most identical with standard card, material
The purity of material is of a relatively high.Although adding aerosil during synthesizing small-grain size lead sulfate (4BS) to divide
Powder, but owing to aerosil is non-crystal structure, therefore do not have diffraction maximum to occur, at calculated purity in XRD tests
During do not account for the amount of aerosil.
Four basic lead sulphates (4BS) embodiment 1 obtained are scanned Electronic Speculum (SEM) test, the microscopic appearance obtained
Figure, as shown in Figure 2.From figure 2 it can be seen that the crystal grain distribution of obtained little crystallite dimension four basic lead sulphate (4BS) is all
Even and grain size can control between 500nm～1 μm.This explanation utilizes the method for the present invention can synthesize little crystal grain
Size four basic lead sulphate (4BS).
Four basic lead sulphates (4BS) embodiment 1 obtained, add in anode diachylon by the 1% of Hydrocerussitum (Ceruse) quality, pass through
Obtain positive plate after solidification, it is scanned Electronic Speculum and tests, the microscopic appearance figure obtained, as shown in Figure 3.From Fig. 3 permissible
Find out the positive active material after solidification has a large amount of bar-shaped 4BS occur, and between granule, be interweaved into network structure,
Can be that positive active material provides structural framework.
Four basic lead sulphates (4BS) embodiment 1 obtained, add in anode diachylon by the 1% of Hydrocerussitum (Ceruse) quality, pass through
The positive plate obtained after solidification, is assembled into 2V test-type lead-acid battery with it, carries out constant current charge-discharge test after being internalized into,
Charging and discharging curve under different discharge-rates, as shown in Figure 4.Tested by constant current charge-discharge, charge with 0.25C electric current
To 2.42V constant voltage, respectively to discharge under 0.1C, 0.25C and 0.5C electric current, positive active material specific capacity can respectively reach
94.89mAh.g-1、86.42mAh.g-1And 70.78mAh.g-1。
Four basic lead sulphates (4BS) embodiment 1 obtained, add in anode diachylon by the 1% of Hydrocerussitum (Ceruse) quality, pass through
The positive plate obtained after solidification, is assembled into 2V test-type lead-acid battery with it, carries out cycle charge-discharge test after being internalized into,
The cycle performance curve arrived, as shown in Figure 5.Test result shows, under the conditions of 0.5C discharge and recharge, follows through 100 discharge and recharges
Ring, capacity does not occur substantially to decay.Illustrate in plumbic acid positive active material, add the four alkali formula sulfur utilizing the present invention to synthesize
Lead plumbate (4BS), while improving positive active material cycle life, it is also possible to increase its specific capacity.
Embodiment 2
1.1, weigh lead acetate 6.5g and EDTA chelating agent 17.53g (mol ratio 1:3), under the conditions of 80 DEG C of stirring in water bath, dissolve
In 100mL distilled water, adding 0.20g mass concentration is the sulfuric acid solution of 60%, the aerosil dispersant of 0.13g
After, continue stirring, obtain lead oxide/lead sulfate colloidal sol；
1.2, lead oxide step 1.1 obtained/lead sulfate colloidal sol continues under the conditions of 80 DEG C of stirring in water bath, is evaporated, obtains oxygen
Change lead/lead sulfate xerogel；
1.3, lead oxide step 1.2 obtained/lead sulfate xerogel is in air atmosphere, respectively through 200 DEG C of low temperature presinterings
Knot 2h and 400 DEG C of high temperature sintering 6h, obtains four basic lead sulphate powder；
1.4, powder step 1.3 obtained is polished, crosses 200 mesh sieves, obtains four basic lead sulphates (4BS).
Embodiment 3
1.1, lead acetate 6.5g and citric acid complexing agent 3.84g (mol ratio 1:1) is weighed, under the conditions of 85 DEG C of stirring in water bath, molten
Solution is in 100mL distilled water, and adding 0.58g mass concentration is the sulfuric acid solution of 15%, the aluminium sesquioxide dispersant of 0.39g
After, obtain lead oxide/lead sulfate colloidal sol；
1.2, lead oxide step 1.1 obtained/lead sulfate colloidal sol continues under the conditions of 85 DEG C of stirring in water bath, obtains oxygen after being evaporated
Change lead/lead sulfate xerogel；
1.3, lead oxide step 1.2 obtained/lead sulfate xerogel is in air atmosphere, respectively through 550 DEG C of low temperature presinterings
Knot 1.5h and 300 DEG C of high temperature sintering 7h, obtains four basic lead sulphate powder；
1.4, powder step 1.3 obtained is polished, crosses 200 mesh sieves, obtains four basic lead sulphates (4BS).
Embodiment 4
1.1, weigh lead acetate 6.5g and citric acid complexing agent 7.68g, under the conditions of 90 DEG C of stirring in water bath, be dissolved in 100mL and steam
In distilled water, adding 0.58g mass concentration is the sulfuric acid solution of 30%, after the ethylene glycol dispersant of 0.30g, obtains lead oxide/sulfur
Lead plumbate colloidal sol；
1.2, lead oxide step 1.1 obtained/lead sulfate colloidal sol continues under the conditions of 90 DEG C of stirring in water bath, obtains oxygen after being evaporated
Change lead/lead sulfate xerogel；
1.3, lead oxide step 1.2 obtained/lead sulfate xerogel is in air atmosphere, respectively through 550 DEG C of low temperature presinterings
Knot 1.5h and 700 DEG C of high temperature sintering 5h, obtains four basic lead sulphate powder；
1.4, powder step 1.3 obtained is polished, crosses 200 mesh sieves, obtains four basic lead sulphates (4BS).
Table 1 embodiment of the present invention 2～4 four basic lead sulphates (4BS), add positive pole lead to by the 1% of Hydrocerussitum (Ceruse) quality
In cream, the electrode assembling of preparation becomes the chemical property table of 2V test-type lead-acid battery
These are only the specific embodiment of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for those skilled in the art
For Yuan, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.All within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any amendment of being made,
Equivalent, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the method that sol-gal process prepares little crystallite dimension four basic lead sulphate, is characterized in that:
Specifically comprise the following steps that
1.1, under the conditions of stirring in water bath, take lead acetate and chelating agent is dissolved in distilled water, be subsequently adding sulfuric acid solution and divide
Powder, obtains lead oxide/lead sulfate colloidal sol；
1.2, lead oxide step 1.1 obtained/lead sulfate colloidal sol continues to carry out water-bath at temperature identical with step 1.1 and stirs
Mix, be evaporated, obtain lead oxide/lead sulfate xerogel；
1.3, lead oxide step 1.2 obtained/lead sulfate xerogel is in air atmosphere, respectively through low temperature presintering knot and height
Temperature sintering, obtains four basic lead sulphate powder；
1.4, powder step 1.3 obtained is polished, crosses 200 mesh sieves, obtains four basic lead sulphates of little crystallite dimension
(4BS)。
Sol-gal process the most according to claim 1 prepares the method for little crystallite dimension four basic lead sulphate, it is characterized in that:
The crystallite size of four basic lead sulphates of described little crystallite dimension is 500nm-1 μm.
Sol-gal process the most according to claim 1 prepares the method for little crystallite dimension four basic lead sulphate, it is characterized in that:
Described lead acetate is 1:1～1:3 with the mol ratio of chelating agent.
4. the method preparing little crystallite dimension four basic lead sulphate according to the sol-gal process described in claim 1 or 3, its feature
It is: described chelating agent is citric acid or EDTA.
Sol-gal process the most according to claim 1 prepares the method for little crystallite dimension four basic lead sulphate, it is characterized in that:
The temperature of heating in water bath is 80 DEG C～90 DEG C.
Sol-gal process the most according to claim 1 prepares the method for little crystallite dimension four basic lead sulphate, it is characterized in that:
The mass concentration of described sulfuric acid solution is 15%～60%, and described sulfuric acid solution accounts for the 3%～9% of lead acetate gross mass.
Sol-gal process the most according to claim 1 prepares the method for little crystallite dimension four basic lead sulphate, it is characterized in that:
Described dispersant is ethylene glycol, aerosil or aluminium sesquioxide.
Sol-gal process the most according to claim 1 prepares the method for little crystallite dimension four basic lead sulphate, it is characterized in that:
Described lead acetate is 100:2～100:6 with the mass ratio of dispersant.
Sol-gal process the most according to claim 1 prepares the method for little crystallite dimension four basic lead sulphate, it is characterized in that:
Low temperature presintering junction temperature is 150 DEG C～250 DEG C, and sintering time is 1.5h～3.5h.
Sol-gal process the most according to claim 1 prepares the method for little crystallite dimension four basic lead sulphate, its feature
It is: high temperature sintering temperature is 300 DEG C～700 DEG C, and sintering time is 5h～7h.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107265497A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-10-20 | 朱可可 | It is a kind of to extend the method that yellow lead energy-saving production technology prepares four basic lead sulphates |
| CN109133160A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2019-01-04 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of heavy-duty battery small crystalline size 4BS addictive preparation method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107265497A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-10-20 | 朱可可 | It is a kind of to extend the method that yellow lead energy-saving production technology prepares four basic lead sulphates |
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| CN109133160A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2019-01-04 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of heavy-duty battery small crystalline size 4BS addictive preparation method |
| CN109133160B (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2020-09-25 | 浙江工业大学 | Preparation method of small crystal size 4BS additive for high-performance battery |
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