Background technology
Using powder metallurgical technique to prepare the technique that sintered NdFeB is a kind of maturation, its preparation process includes closing
The flow processs such as gold melting, pulverizing, pressing under magnetic field, isostatic pressed and sintering timeliness.Airflow milling powder technology is current
One of Technology that sintered NdFeB is the most key and advanced, at airflow milling powder process, Nd Fe B alloys
It is ground into the powder body that particle mean size is 3~5 microns, creates the powder that part is superfine, grain in the process
Degree is general below 2 microns, owing to the specific surface area of this superfines is big, and extremely easy oxygen in atmosphere
Change, spontaneous combustion, in therefore producing need this part powder body to separate, we term it neodymium iron boron micropowder.
In traditional handicraft, due to the extremely easily spontaneous combustion of neodymium iron boron micropowder, its removal process is extremely hard to control
System, the most often burns process, causes the wasting of resources.Some scholars is by strengthening protection, reducing process oxygen
The method of content is sintered, reclaims, but still there is technological process length, process complexity, and neodymium iron boron is ultra-fine
Powder still has more being exposed in oxygen, the careless slightly situation i.e. causing oxidation, spontaneous combustion, causes the response rate
Cannot ensure.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is the above-mentioned deficiency for prior art, it is provided that a kind of sintering neodymium ferrum
The recovery method of boron micropowder, solve micropowder aoxidize in removal process, the problem of spontaneous combustion.
The technical solution used in the present invention is such that the recovery method of a kind of sintered NdFeB micropowder, bag
Include following steps:
1) powder delivery: use airtight, the container of deformation can connect airflow milling micropowder discharging opening, with nitrogen or
Noble gas replaces the air in container repeatedly, to forward the micropowder in airflow milling equipment to nitrogen or inertia
In the container of gas shield;Concrete replacement process is: be full of nitrogen in container or noble gas makes it heave,
Extruding container makes gas in container all discharge, and repeats said process 2-3 time;Or can also be continuously toward holding
Nitrogen or noble gas it is filled with by Dilution air in container in device;Purpose is to get rid of the oxygen in container.
2) shove charge: by rapid 1) in be placed in sintering alms bowl head equipped with the container of micropowder, put the most again to vacuum
In sintering furnace;
3) deoxygenation: close the fire door of vacuum sintering furnace, be filled with nitrogen or lazy by vacuum sintering furnace spare interface
Property gas, discharged by atmospheric valve, make in sintering furnace oxygen content less than 100ppm by gas displacement;
4) pre-burning: close the respective valves of vacuum sintering furnace, make vacuum sintering furnace be in normal pressure whole sealing status,
Heating makes the container fusing in sintering furnace;
5) evacuation: start vacuum system and vacuum sintering furnace is carried out evacuation;
6) high temperature sintering: under vacuum, heating, insulation, make micropowder densification, then in inertia
Under gas shield, come out of the stove below quenching to 60 DEG C, obtain micropowder alloy.
Further, step 1) in container be closed plastic bag.
Further, step 2) in sintering alms bowl head material be mullite material, it is to avoid if ferrous material,
Sintering process can be bonded together, it is impossible to pours out.
Further, step 4) in heating-up temperature when being 150~300 DEG C, be incubated 15-30 minute, make burning
Container fusing in freezing of a furnace is burnt.
Further, step 5) in vacuum-sintering stove evacuation, the vacuum to stove is higher than 0.1pa.
Further, step 1), step 3) and step 6) in noble gas be argon.
Further, step 6) in heating-up temperature be 900~1170 DEG C.
Further, step 6) in temperature retention time be 1~5 hour.
The present invention compared with prior art, has following technical effect that
1, in the present invention, micropowder completes to sintering from airflow milling equipment discharging, is in controlled, hypoxia all the time
Under the conditions of, it is to avoid micropowder oxidation, spontaneous combustion problems, can realize entirely reclaiming.
2, the micropowder that this law is bright is after airflow milling produces plastic bag, it is not necessary to open plastic bag operation, it is only necessary to
Being placed in vacuum sintering furnace, plastic bag melts at a certain temperature so that it is be exposed to the sintered ring close to anaerobic
Under border, without micropowder itself being carried out other operation any in the most whole process technical process, its behaviour
Make simple, stopped because of numerous and diverse operation or controlled improper to cause micropowder oxidation, spontaneous combustion, therefore the present invention
Method production efficiency is high, and technique is simple, and product yield is high, purity is good.
3, the bright technique by preheating of this law, makes plastic bag fusing break, which ensure that under vacuumized conditions,
Be placed in vacuum sintering furnace the plastic bag equipped with micropowder will not because of pressure reduction explosion cause micropowder fly upward pollution whole
Individual vacuum system, thus do not damage the vacuum system of vacuum sintering furnace, the response rate have also been obtained raising.
4, plastic bag carbonization under vacuum, high temperature of the bright use of this law, therefore avoids micropowder because sticking to
The problem that cannot realize on plastic bag wall reclaiming, improves the response rate.
Embodiment 2
Use airtight plastic bag to connect airflow milling micropowder discharging opening, repeatedly replace in plastic bag with argon
Air, to forward to the micropowder in airflow milling equipment in the plastic bag of argon shield;Will be equipped with micropowder
Plastic bag is placed in sintering alms bowl head, covers cover plate, then puts to vacuum sintering furnace;Close vacuum sintering furnace
Fire door, be filled with argon by vacuum sintering furnace spare interface, discharged by atmospheric valve, pass through gas displacement
In making sintering furnace, oxygen content is less than 100ppm;Close the respective valves of vacuum sintering furnace, make vacuum sintering furnace
It is in normal pressure whole sealing status, is heated to 300 DEG C, be incubated 15 minutes so that the plastic bag in sintering furnace
Fusing;The vacuum that vacuum sintering furnace is evacuated in stove by startup vacuum system is higher than 0.1pa;Very
Under empty condition, it is heated to 1170 DEG C, is incubated 1 hour, make micropowder densification, then protect at noble gas
Protect down, come out of the stove below quenching to 60 DEG C, obtain micropowder alloy.Micropowder alloy is carried out performance evaluation,
Its density is 7.48g/cm3, and oxygen content is 397ppm, and content is relatively low, illustrates not oxidized.
Above-described is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art
For, on the premise of without departing from present configuration, it is also possible to make some deformation and improvement, these are the most not
Effect and practical applicability that the present invention implements can be affected.