CN105951119B - A kind of method for preparing sodium hydroxide - Google Patents
A kind of method for preparing sodium hydroxide Download PDFInfo
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- CN105951119B CN105951119B CN201610515916.XA CN201610515916A CN105951119B CN 105951119 B CN105951119 B CN 105951119B CN 201610515916 A CN201610515916 A CN 201610515916A CN 105951119 B CN105951119 B CN 105951119B
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Abstract
A kind of method for preparing sodium hydroxide, includes the following steps, S1, refined saturated nacl aqueous solution is added in preheater preheats, preheating temperature is 47 DEG C~63 DEG C；S2, the saturated nacl aqueous solution after preheating is transferred in electrolyzer anode chamber, open power supply be powered, when the electric current of circuit reaches 5.3KA, into anode chamber add in acid, and keep cathode chamber pH value be 2~3；S3, the temperature of electrolytic cell is increased to 62 DEG C~73 DEG C, and carries out heat preservation energization reaction；S4, pumping process is carried out to cathode chamber and anode chamber, and it is 47.35 × 10 to keep the pressure of cathode chamber and anode chamber3Pa~53.41 × 103Pa；S5, the sodium hydroxide solution that cathode chamber side generates is partly refluxed in cathode chamber, output hydrogen above the electrode of cathode chamber, output chlorine above the electrode of anode chamber.This kind is electrolysed the mode of saturation sodium chlorate, reduces attachment of the gas in electrode surface, improves the conductive capability of entire electrolysis system, so as to substantially increase the yield of sodium hydroxide.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation of industrial chemicals, more particularly to a kind of method for preparing sodium hydroxide.
Background technology
Sodium hydroxide, chemical formula NaOH are commonly called as caustic soda, caustic soda, caustic soda, are a kind of highly basic with strong corrosive,
Generally sheet or particle shape, it is soluble easily in water（Heat release when being dissolved in water）And alkaline solution is formed, separately there is hygroscopy, easily draw empty
Vapor in gas（Deliquescence）And carbon dioxide（It is rotten）, hydrochloric acid can be added in and check whether to go bad.
In the prior art, the mode of production of industrial sodium hydroxide is main mainly to be electrolysed based on saturated salt solution
In chlorine industry with first the present.
But at the same time, due to when saturation table salt water is electrolysed, hydroxide ion that cathode chamber generates can be by
On the cation-exchange membrane for gradually gathering cathode chamber side, as concentration of the hydroxyl at this constantly increases, so as to just
It is possible that cation-exchange membrane is crossed, so as to will result in the problems such as anode chamber's chlorine yield falls sharply.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods for preparing sodium hydroxide for helping to improve naoh concentration.
The present invention above-mentioned purpose technical scheme is that：A kind of method for preparing sodium hydroxide,
Include the following steps,
S1, it refined saturated nacl aqueous solution is added in preheater preheats, preheating temperature is 47 DEG C~63 DEG C；
S2, the saturated nacl aqueous solution after preheating is transferred in electrolyzer anode chamber, and cathode chamber is then passed through distilled water,
And open power supply energization, when the electric current of circuit reaches 5.3KA, into anode chamber add in acid, and keep cathode chamber pH value be 2
~3；
S3, the temperature of electrolytic cell is increased to 62 DEG C~73 DEG C, and carries out heat preservation energization reaction；
S4, pumping process is carried out to cathode chamber and anode chamber, and keep the pressure of cathode chamber and anode chamber for 47.35 ×
103Pa~53.41 × 103Pa；
S5, the sodium hydroxide solution that cathode chamber side generates is partly refluxed in cathode chamber, the electrode of cathode chamber
Top output hydrogen, the electrode top output chlorine of anode chamber.
By the above method, it is to preheat refined saturated sodium-chloride first, can causes saturated sodium-chloride in this way
It can be rapidly electrolysed after entering electrolytic cell, improve the efficiency of electrolysis.
Secondly, by way of acid adding in the anode compartment, the pH value of solution is improved, cathode chamber can be effectively prevented in this way
The hydroxyl low amounts of generation penetrates cation-exchange membrane, and causes the absorption to chlorine in anode chamber, so as to not only reduce chlorine
The yield of gas, meanwhile, it is also introduced into new substance.
Since the saturated vapor pressure of the water at 70 DEG C is 31.18 × 103The pressure of electrolytic cell is adjusted to by Pa
47.35×103Pa~53.41 × 103Pa can effectively improve the efficiency that hydrogen and chlorine are detached from solution in this way,
So as to be conducive to improve the normal output of hydrogen and chlorine, and can also reduce in chlorine back dissolving to saturated nacl aqueous solution
Amount, and it is also beneficial to improve the amount of sodium hydroxide output.
By the way that in the sodium hydroxide partial reflux to cathode chamber by output, the dense of sodium hydroxide can be effectively improved in this way
Degree, the size of concentration can be controlled by regurgitant volume, and in the naoh concentration for increasing cathode chamber, be also improved whole
The conductive capability of a electrolytic cell, so as to be conducive to improve the yield of sodium hydroxide.
Preferably, the hydrogen portion of S5 outputs is passed into along the surface of cation-exchange membrane in cathode chamber.
Preferably, the amount for passing through the hydrogen in cathode chamber is generate hydrogen total amount 30%~40%.
Being passed into cathode chamber along the surface of cation-exchange membrane by hydrogen in this way, can be effectively to cation
The solution of other parts exchanged in the solution and cathode chamber of film surface causes turbulent flow, so as to advantageously reduce hydroxyl sun from
The surface aggregation of proton exchange, and then also can further reduce the possibility that hydroxyl penetrates cation-exchange membrane.
It is stirred preferably, opening agitating paddle in S3 in the cathodic compartment, the rotating speed of agitating paddle is 60~70 turns/min.
Due to can be attached on cathode in the form of bubble after hydrionic generation, so as to be generated on the surface of cathode
One layer of air film, can thus reduce the area that cathode is contacted with the aqueous slkali of solution, so as to result under aqueous slkali electric conduction quantity
Drop, and then it is unfavorable for the generation of sodium hydroxide.By way of stirring, the stream of sodium hydroxide in cathode chamber can be effectively improved
Momentum is attached to so as to eliminate hydrogen on cathode, improves the efficiency of hydrogen generation.
And the rotating speed of 60~70 turns/min can ensure that the flow velocity of the sodium hydroxide solution in cathode chamber is unlikely to excessive, from
And cation-exchange membrane is impacted.
Preferably, the regurgitant volume of sodium hydroxide solution is the 1/5~3/5 of its total yield output.
It is stirred preferably, opening agitating paddle in S3 in the anode compartment, the rotating speed of agitating paddle is 40~45 turns/min.
Saturated nacl aqueous solution in anode chamber is stirred, is mainly attached on anode also for reduction chlorine,
And while 40~45 turns/min rotating speeds can ensure that chlorine bubbles are normally detached from anode, chlorine bubbles itself can also be avoided
It ruptures and is dissolved in saturated nacl aqueous solution again.
Preferably, the acid added in S2 is hydrochloric acid.
Hydrochloric acid can not only effectively improve the hydrionic concentration of anode chamber, meanwhile, it will not be dense by new ion
Degree introduces, in this way can be to avoid influence of the other impurities to the purity of chlorine and the conductive capability of saturated nacl aqueous solution.
In conclusion the invention has the advantages that：
1. by reducing the pressure in electrolytic cell, the concentration of superjacent hydrogen and chlorine can be efficiently reduced, so as to
Be conducive to the output of hydrogen and chlorine, and then be also advantageous for improving the yield of sodium hydroxide；
2. by way of stirring, the attachment of hydrogen and chlorine on the electrode is eliminated, so as to substantially increase entire electricity
The electric conductivity of slot is solved, and then is conducive to improve the yield of sodium hydroxide.
3. the pH value of solution in anode chamber can not only be controlled by adding in hydrochloric acid, while new impurity member will not be introduced
Element.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1,
By refined saturated nacl aqueous solution using flow as 200m3/ h is added in preheater and is preheated, preheating temperature
It is 47 DEG C~63 DEG C；Saturated nacl aqueous solution after preheating is transferred in electrolyzer anode chamber, is added with the flow of 300 m3/h
Enter into electric tank cathode room, and open power supply energization, when the electric current of circuit reaches 5.3KA, hydrochloric acid is added in into anode chamber,
And keep cathode chamber pH value be 2~3；The temperature of electrolytic cell is increased to 62 DEG C~73 DEG C, and carries out heat preservation energization reaction, together
When, the speed of agitator of cathode chamber is 60~70 turns/min, and the speed of agitator of anode chamber is 40~45 turns/min；To cathode chamber and sun
Pole room carries out pumping process, and it is 47.35 × 103Pa~53.41 × 103Pa to keep the pressure of cathode chamber and anode chamber；Cathode
Output hydrogen above the electrode of room, the electrode top output chlorine of anode chamber, is collected into hydrogen gas tank and chlorine pot respectively, will be cloudy
The 1/5 of the sodium hydroxide solution that pole room side generates is back in cathode chamber, the hydrogen total amount that will be generated above cathode chamber
30% flow back into cathode chamber.It is final produce the amount of sodium hydroxide is 100m3/h, mass concentration 34%, the production of sodium hydroxide
Rate is 97.5%.
Embodiment 2,
Refined saturated nacl aqueous solution using flow is added to as 200m3/h in preheater and is preheated, preheating temperature
It is 47 DEG C~63 DEG C；Saturated nacl aqueous solution after preheating is transferred in electrolyzer anode chamber, is added with the flow of 300 m3/h
Enter into electric tank cathode room, and open power supply energization, when the electric current of circuit reaches 5.3KA, hydrochloric acid is added in into anode chamber,
And keep cathode chamber pH value be 2~3；The temperature of electrolytic cell is increased to 62 DEG C~73 DEG C, and carries out heat preservation energization reaction, together
When, the speed of agitator of cathode chamber is 60~70 turns/min, and the speed of agitator of anode chamber is 40~45 turns/min；To cathode chamber and sun
Pole room carries out pumping process, and it is 47.35 × 103Pa~53.41 × 103Pa to keep the pressure of cathode chamber and anode chamber；Cathode
Output hydrogen above the electrode of room, the electrode top output chlorine of anode chamber, is collected into hydrogen gas tank and chlorine pot respectively, will be cloudy
The 3/5 of the sodium hydroxide solution that pole room side generates is back in cathode chamber, the hydrogen total amount that will be generated above cathode chamber
40% flow back into cathode chamber.It is final produce the amount of sodium hydroxide is 100m3/h, mass concentration 41%, the production of sodium hydroxide
Rate is 98.6%.
Embodiment 3,
Refined saturated nacl aqueous solution using flow is added to as 200m3/h in preheater and is preheated, preheating temperature
It is 47 DEG C~63 DEG C；Saturated nacl aqueous solution after preheating is transferred in electrolyzer anode chamber, is added with the flow of 300 m3/h
Enter into electric tank cathode room, and open power supply energization, when the electric current of circuit reaches 5.3KA, hydrochloric acid is added in into anode chamber,
And keep cathode chamber pH value be 2~3；The temperature of electrolytic cell is increased to 62 DEG C~73 DEG C, and carries out heat preservation energization reaction, together
When, the speed of agitator of cathode chamber is 60~70 turns/min, and the speed of agitator of anode chamber is 40~45 turns/min；To cathode chamber and sun
Pole room carries out pumping process, and it is 47.35 × 103Pa~53.41 × 103Pa to keep the pressure of cathode chamber and anode chamber；Cathode
Output hydrogen above the electrode of room, the electrode top output chlorine of anode chamber, is collected into hydrogen gas tank and chlorine pot respectively, will be cloudy
The 2/5 of the sodium hydroxide solution that pole room side generates is back in cathode chamber, the hydrogen total amount that will be generated above cathode chamber
35% flow back into cathode chamber.It is final produce the amount of sodium hydroxide is 100m3/h, mass concentration 36%, the production of sodium hydroxide
Rate is 97.9%.
Embodiment 4,
Refined saturated nacl aqueous solution using flow is added to as 200m3/h in preheater and is preheated, preheating temperature
It is 47 DEG C~63 DEG C；Saturated nacl aqueous solution after preheating is transferred in electrolyzer anode chamber, with 300 m3The flow of/h adds
Enter into electric tank cathode room, and open power supply energization, when the electric current of circuit reaches 5.3KA, hydrochloric acid is added in into anode chamber,
And keep cathode chamber pH value be 2~3；The temperature of electrolytic cell is increased to 62 DEG C~73 DEG C, and carries out heat preservation energization reaction, together
When, the speed of agitator of cathode chamber is 60~70 turns/min, and the speed of agitator of anode chamber is 40~45 turns/min；To cathode chamber and sun
Pole room carries out pumping process, and it is 47.35 × 103Pa~53.41 × 103Pa to keep the pressure of cathode chamber and anode chamber；Cathode
Output hydrogen above the electrode of room, the electrode top output chlorine of anode chamber, is collected into hydrogen gas tank and chlorine pot respectively, will be cloudy
The 1/5 of the sodium hydroxide solution that pole room side generates is back in cathode chamber, the hydrogen total amount that will be generated above cathode chamber
35% flow back into cathode chamber.It is final produce the amount of sodium hydroxide is 100m3/ h, mass concentration 35%, the production of sodium hydroxide
Rate is 97.8%.
Embodiment 5,
By refined saturated nacl aqueous solution using flow as 200m3/ h is added in preheater and is preheated, preheating temperature
It is 47 DEG C~63 DEG C；Saturated nacl aqueous solution after preheating is transferred in electrolyzer anode chamber, is added with the flow of 300 m3/h
Enter into electric tank cathode room, and open power supply energization, when the electric current of circuit reaches 5.3KA, hydrochloric acid is added in into anode chamber,
And keep cathode chamber pH value be 2~3；The temperature of electrolytic cell is increased to 62 DEG C~73 DEG C, and carries out heat preservation energization reaction, together
When, the speed of agitator of cathode chamber is 60~70 turns/min, and the speed of agitator of anode chamber is 40~45 turns/min；To cathode chamber and sun
Pole room carries out pumping process, and it is 47.35 × 103Pa~53.41 × 103Pa to keep the pressure of cathode chamber and anode chamber；Cathode
Output hydrogen above the electrode of room, the electrode top output chlorine of anode chamber, is collected into hydrogen gas tank and chlorine pot respectively, will be cloudy
The 1/5 of the sodium hydroxide solution that pole room side generates is back in cathode chamber, the hydrogen total amount that will be generated above cathode chamber
40% flow back into cathode chamber.It is final produce the amount of sodium hydroxide is 100m3/ h, mass concentration 35.5%, sodium hydroxide
Yield is 98.1%.
Embodiment 6,
By refined saturated nacl aqueous solution using flow as 200m3/ h is added in preheater and is preheated, preheating temperature
It is 47 DEG C~63 DEG C；Saturated nacl aqueous solution after preheating is transferred in electrolyzer anode chamber, is added with the flow of 300 m3/h
Enter into electric tank cathode room, and open power supply energization, when the electric current of circuit reaches 5.3KA, hydrochloric acid is added in into anode chamber,
And keep cathode chamber pH value be 2~3；The temperature of electrolytic cell is increased to 62 DEG C~73 DEG C, and carries out heat preservation energization reaction, together
When, the speed of agitator of cathode chamber is 60~70 turns/min, and the speed of agitator of anode chamber is 40~45 turns/min；To cathode chamber and sun
Pole room carries out pumping process, and it is 47.35 × 103Pa~53.41 × 103Pa to keep the pressure of cathode chamber and anode chamber；Cathode
Output hydrogen above the electrode of room, the electrode top output chlorine of anode chamber, is collected into hydrogen gas tank and chlorine pot respectively, will be cloudy
The 2/5 of the sodium hydroxide solution that pole room side generates is back in cathode chamber, the hydrogen total amount that will be generated above cathode chamber
40% flow back into cathode chamber.It is final produce the amount of sodium hydroxide is 100m3/h, mass concentration 37%, the production of sodium hydroxide
Rate is 98.0%.
Embodiment 7,
Refined saturated nacl aqueous solution using flow is added to as 200m3/h in preheater and is preheated, preheating temperature
It is 47 DEG C~63 DEG C；Saturated nacl aqueous solution after preheating is transferred in electrolyzer anode chamber, is added with the flow of 300 m3/h
Enter into electric tank cathode room, and open power supply energization, when the electric current of circuit reaches 5.3KA, hydrochloric acid is added in into anode chamber,
And keep cathode chamber pH value be 2~3；The temperature of electrolytic cell is increased to 62 DEG C~73 DEG C, and carries out heat preservation energization reaction, together
When, the speed of agitator of cathode chamber is 60~70 turns/min, and the speed of agitator of anode chamber is 40~45 turns/min；To cathode chamber and sun
Pole room carries out pumping process, and it is 47.35 × 103Pa~53.41 × 103Pa to keep the pressure of cathode chamber and anode chamber；Cathode
Output hydrogen above the electrode of room, the electrode top output chlorine of anode chamber, is collected into hydrogen gas tank and chlorine pot respectively, will be cloudy
The 3/5 of the sodium hydroxide solution that pole room side generates is back in cathode chamber, the hydrogen total amount that will be generated above cathode chamber
30% flow back into cathode chamber.It is final produce the amount of sodium hydroxide is 100m3/ h, mass concentration 40%, the production of sodium hydroxide
Rate is 98.4.
This specific embodiment is only explanation of the invention, is not limitation of the present invention, people in the art
Member can as needed make the present embodiment the modification of no creative contribution after this specification is read, but as long as at this
It is all protected in the right of invention by Patent Law.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method for preparing sodium hydroxide, includes the following steps,
S1, it refined saturated nacl aqueous solution is added in preheater preheats, preheating temperature is 47 DEG C~63 DEG C；
S2, the saturated nacl aqueous solution after preheating is transferred in electrolyzer anode chamber, and cathode chamber is then passed through distilled water, and beats
Switch power supply be powered, when the electric current of circuit reaches 5.3KA, into anode chamber add in acid, and keep cathode chamber pH value be 2~3；
S3, the temperature of electrolytic cell is increased to 62 DEG C~73 DEG C, and carries out heat preservation energization reaction；
S4, pumping process is carried out to cathode chamber and anode chamber, and it is 47.35 × 10 to keep the pressure of cathode chamber and anode chamber3Pa~
53.41×103Pa；
S5, the sodium hydroxide solution that cathode chamber side generates is partly refluxed in cathode chamber, above the electrode of cathode chamber
Output hydrogen, the electrode top output chlorine of anode chamber；
Wherein, the hydrogen portion of S5 outputs is passed into along the surface of cation-exchange membrane in cathode chamber, by cathode chamber
The amount of hydrogen be to open agitating paddle in the cathodic compartment in 30%~40%, the S3 for generate hydrogen total amount and be stirred, agitating paddle
Rotating speed is 60~70 turns/min, and the regurgitant volume of sodium hydroxide solution is the 1/5~3/5 of its total yield output.
2. a kind of method for preparing sodium hydroxide according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is opened in the anode compartment in S3
Agitating paddle is stirred, and the rotating speed of agitating paddle is 40~45 turns/min.
3. a kind of method for preparing sodium hydroxide according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The acid added in S2 is salt
Acid.
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| CN109208024B (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2020-02-28 | 宁波镇洋化工发展有限公司 | Chlor-alkali production process |
| CN110923077A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-03-27 | 甘肃农业职业技术学院 | Preparation method of pine phytoncide process soap |
| CN112125978A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-12-25 | 陕西国防工业职业技术学院 | Preparation method of high-viscosity water-soluble cellulose ether |
| CN115198108B (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2024-03-29 | 浙江新化化工股份有限公司 | Method for extracting lithium |
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| CN104532283A (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-04-22 | 济宁金威煤电有限公司 | Method and device for producing caustic soda through electrolysis by replacing part of fine brine with light salt brine |
| CN105154910A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2015-12-16 | 宁波镇洋化工发展有限公司 | Process for producing alkali |
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| JPH0445295A (en) * | 1990-06-12 | 1992-02-14 | Toagosei Chem Ind Co Ltd | Method for removing chlorate in brine |
| JPH1161476A (en) * | 1997-08-22 | 1999-03-05 | Chlorine Eng Corp Ltd | Starting operation of electrolytic bath in ion-exchange membrane electrolytic process |
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