CN105950970B - Tough automobile steel of a kind of compound bainite high-strength of Ultra-fine Grained and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Tough automobile steel of a kind of compound bainite high-strength of Ultra-fine Grained and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105950970B CN105950970B CN201610302866.7A CN201610302866A CN105950970B CN 105950970 B CN105950970 B CN 105950970B CN 201610302866 A CN201610302866 A CN 201610302866A CN 105950970 B CN105950970 B CN 105950970B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/002—Bainite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
Abstract
Tough automobile steel of a kind of compound bainite high-strength of Ultra-fine Grained of the invention and preparation method thereof, belongs to metal material processing technical field.The material is that cold-rolled steel sheet is thermally treated resulting in through continuous annealing, and its chemical component weight percentage is C：≤0.30%、Si：1.05~1.75%、Mn：1.25~2.45%、V：0.15 ~ 0.25%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity, average grain size is less than 5 μm, materials microstructure is made up of lath-shaped and granular compound bainite, ferrite, retained austenite, ferrite bainite is 0.8 ~ 1.0 with the ratio between volume shared by granular bainite, the yield strength of material is more than 600MPa, tensile strength is more than 1100MPa, percentage of total elongation is more than 30%, strength and ductility product is more than 30GPa%, the performance requirement of third generation automobile steel is reached, with good strong plasticity energy, while cost is cheap and preparation technology is simple.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal material processing technical field, and it is lath-shaped and granular compound bayesian to be related to a kind of room temperature texture
Body, ferrite, retained austenite multiphase steel and the vanadium micro-alloying ultrafine-grained (UFG) microstructure automobile steel with high strength and ductility
And its manufacture method.
Background technology
The development of auto industry all has the function that important, last century six to industrial economy or even national economy all the time
Since the seventies, the auto industry of North America, Japan and West Europe successively enters the stage of rapid development, the technology of auto industry
Theory continues to develop innovation, and the golden age of high speed stable development has been welcome to 21 century China Automobile Industry, by
Chinese automobile volume of production and marketing breaks through 24,000,000 in pairs within 2015, has exceeded more than the 1/4 of global volume of production and marketing, automobile production and marketing is sure to occupy entirely
Ball first.In face of the continuous development of current automotive industry, automobile becomes increasingly conspicuous on the problem of energy consumption, environmental protection and security fields,
Automotive light weight technology turns into the new direction of industry development, exploitation high intensity, high-ductility, low-density, highly anti-fatigue new automobile steel
It is the feasible way of automobile lightweight.By improving the strength and ductility product of automobile steel, can not only reduce the consumption of material with
Reaching reduces the purpose of complete vehicle weight, while also ensures bus body strength and security performance, and development and application have a high potential.
Because the addition of alloying element in low-alloy high-strength automobile steel is relatively fewer, want to improve the strength and ductility product of material
Performance, rational design and control need to be carried out to its preparation technology and structural state, obtains the ferrite necessarily matched, bayesian
The superfine grained structure steel of body, martensite and retained austenite two-phase or multiphase coexistence, it is ensured that material has high intensity, high-plastic
Property, the good combination property of high tenacity, low-density, highly anti-fatigue.Chinese patent application CN201110280804.8 describes one
The preparation method of kind 1000MPa level above Cold-Rolled TRIP Steels, the material composition have carried out the compound addition of Nb, V when designing, additionally
0.8~1.0wt% Al is added, higher Al can hinder complete austenitizing also to cause Ms points to raise, its two-phase section temperature
Degree is smaller with the operable section of Bainite Region temperature, and the room temperature texture of material is ferrite, bainite and retained austenite, is extended
Rate is more than 18%, and combination property is less than the compound bainite high-strength annealed steel in the present invention.Chinese patent application
CN201210411320.7 describes a kind of preparation method of high strength and ductility TRIP steel plates, Material cladding addition Nb, V, Ti,
Cr, Mo microalloy element, obtaining one kind after bell-type annealing furnace annealing by cold-reduced sheet has martensite, austenite and a small amount of iron
Ferritic organization steel, its strength and ductility product performance has exceeded 30GPa%, but said material alloy system is complicated and increases smelting hardly possible
Degree, annealing in addition, soaking time is longer to be reduced production efficiency and increases energy resource consumption.Chinese patent application
CN200910046581.1 describes a kind of manufacture method of ultrafine crystal bainite high-strength steel, with the addition of in the material Cr, Nb,
Ti, Zr microalloy element, a kind of ultrafine crystal bainite organization steel is obtained by TMCP techniques and accelerated cooling process, material
Tensile strength is in 800MPa or so, and elongation percentage is less than 20%, and combination property is less than the compound bainite high-strength annealed steel in the present invention.
In summary, the compound bainite high-strength annealed steel in the present invention is by adjusting heat treatment process technological parameter, through two
After phase region annealing and Bainite Region isothermal heat treatment process, material has lath-shaped and granular compound bainite, iron at room temperature
Ferritic, the heterogeneous structure structure of retained austenite.As a result display, which is worked as, respectively organizes shared volume fraction in certain model in material
When enclosing, especially when proportion of the ratio between the volume of ferrite bainite and granular bainite 0.8~1.0, the strong modeling of material
Product will be significantly improved, while Tissue distribution is uniform and crystallite dimension is tiny, and material average grain size is less than 5 μm.
Mutually coordinated cooperation between each tissue, compound bainite structure can improve the obdurability of material, metastable remnants in deformation process
Austenite undergoes phase transition induced plastic effect so that material can bear larger load and deformation, have good plasticity and
Shock resistance, its yield strength Rp>=600MPa, tensile strength Rm>=1100MPa, elongation after fracture A >=30%, strength and ductility product >=
30GPa%.Because the alloying component content of this compound bainite high-strength steel is low, the vanadium money that foreign country is abundant can be made full use of
Source advantage, while its process for producing is simple, and excellent combination property, it is the ideal material of new automobile steel.
The content of the invention
For requirement of the new automobile steel to the strength of materials and plasticity, the present invention provides a kind of compound bainite of Ultra-fine Grained
High tough automobile steel and preparation method thereof, material have a ultra-fine uniform grain structure, lath-shaped and granular compound bainite,
Mutually coordinated cooperation between ferrite, retained austenite tissue, has good forming property, its strength and ductility product has reached third generation vapour
The performance requirement of automobile-used steel.
The technical scheme is that：A kind of tough automobile steel of compound bainite high-strength of Ultra-fine Grained, its chemical component weight
Percentage is：C：≤ 0.30%, Si：1.05~1.75%, Mn：1.25~2.45%, V：0.15~0.25%, surplus be Fe and
Inevitable impurity.
The another object of this law invention is to provide the preparation method of the tough automobile steel of the compound bainite high-strength of Ultra-fine Grained, specifically
Comprise the following steps：
Step 1：Raw material is weighed according to design composition, is smelted, continuous casting, obtains hot rolled plate, by hot rolled plate after pickling
Cold rolling, cold rolling reduction ratio are 45%~65%, and it is 1.5~2.0mm flat cold-rolled sheets to obtain thickness；
Step 2：Flat cold-rolled sheet is prepared in step 1 austenite, ferrite two-phase section 780 are warming up to 5~25 DEG C/s
~880 DEG C of temperature, 2~3min is incubated, it is standby；
Step 3：After step 2 is handled:Steel plate is cooled to bainite transformation temperature region with 30-60 DEG C/s's
350~430 DEG C of temperature, it is incubated 6~7min；
Step 4：Steel plate after step 3 is handled is cooled to room temperature with 20-40 DEG C/s cooling rate, that is, it is compound to obtain Ultra-fine Grained
The tough automobile steel of bainite high-strength.
Further, the tough automobile steel of the compound bainite high-strength of the Ultra-fine Grained is organized as ferrite bainite+granular bayesian
Body+ferrite+retained austenite, the volume ratio of each tissue are：Ferrite bainite 20%~30%, granular bainite 20%~
30%th, ferrite 30%~50%, retained austenite 10%~18%；The tough automobile steel of the compound bainite high-strength of Ultra-fine Grained
Average grain size be less than 5 μm.
Further, the ratio between volume is 0.8~1.0 shared by two kinds of tissues of the ferrite bainite and granular bainite.
Further, its yield strength of the tough automobile steel of the compound bainite high-strength of Ultra-fine Grained Rp>=600MPa, tension are strong
Spend Rm>=1100MPa, elongation after fracture A >=30%, strength and ductility product >=30GPa%.
Essential element act as in material of the present invention：
C is the important element of austenitic formation, and the essential element of stable austenite, and austenite is to bainite transformation
During occur the diffusion of C element simultaneously, C element enrichment in retained austenite is so that it can stablize at room temperature deposit
The increase of C content can also improve the intensity of material.
Si can suppress the precipitation of the carbide such as cementite, reduce the C being dissolved in ferrite, improve C content in austenite,
So as to ensure to obtain enough stable residual austenites at room temperature.
Mn main function is enhancing stabilization of austenite, extends it and changes incubation period, makes ferrite and bainite transformation
It is easily controlled, while also promotes Ms to reduce, forms the retained austenite of the rich carbon of certain volume.
V can suppress crystal grain during heating and thermal insulation and grow up, and improve grain coarsening temperature, so as to a certain extent
Crystal grain thinning tissue；In addition V or strong carbide constitution element, it is mainly solid-solution in ferrite or formation carbon in steel with micro
Both forms of the phase of vanadium nitride second are present, and play a part of precipitation strength.
For the present invention by rational element proportioning through roll forming and Technology for Heating Processing, one kind, which is prepared, has Ultra-fine Grained
The control of the ratio between the volume of the high tough automobile steel of heterogeneous structure of grain tissue, ferrite bainite and granular bainite is 0.8~1.0
Between, ensure that material has higher obdurability, metastable retained austenite induced transformation effect can also further improve material
Plasticity, V and C-shaped into precipitated phase can also produce precipitation strength effect, along with refined crystalline strengthening effect can be to varying degrees
Improve the combination property of material.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the scanning organization chart picture of the high-strength steel in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the scanning organization chart picture of the high-strength steel in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 3 is the scanning organization chart picture of the high-strength steel in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 4 is the transmission electron microscope organization chart picture of the high-strength steel in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the XRD testing result images of the high-strength steel in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is described further with reference to specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1：
Be first according to mentioned component scope smelted, continuous casting, then detect strand composition, be shown in Table 1.
The composition (wt.%) of the strand of table 1
Specific heat treatment process parameter is shown in Table 2.
The heat treatment process parameter of table 2
Mechanical property according to high-strength automobile steel made from Tables 1 and 2 is shown in Table 3.
The mechanical property of table 3
The high-strength automobile steel being prepared according to Tables 1 and 2 measures paralympic volume fraction by XRD, while calculates it
His each phase volume fraction, is as a result shown in Fig. 5 and table 4.
The different tissues content of table 4
Each mechanical property reaches required performance indications, yield strength 692MPa, tension as can be seen from Table 3
Intensity is 1116MPa, elongation 31%, strength and ductility product 34.6GPa%.Scanned photograph is as shown in figure 1, transmission photo such as Fig. 4
It is shown, ferrite bainite+granular bainite+ferrite+retained austenite is organized as, lath-shaped and granular bainite account for always respectively
The 21% of volume and 25%, the ratio between both volumes are 0.84, ferrite volume fraction 40%, and retained austenite volume fraction is
14%, mainly it is distributed in block distribution in ferrite grain boundaries or with film-form between lath of bainite.
Embodiment 2：
Be first according to mentioned component scope smelted, continuous casting, then detect strand composition, be shown in Table 5.
The composition (wt.%) of the strand of table 5
Specific heat treatment process parameter is shown in Table 6.
The heat treatment process parameter of table 6
The mechanical property for the high strength and ductility automobile steel being prepared according to table 5 and table 6 is shown in Table 7.
The mechanical property of table 7
Paralympic volume fraction is measured by XRD according to high-strength automobile steel made from table 5 and table 6, while it is each to calculate other
Phase volume fraction, as a result see Fig. 5 and table 4.
The different tissues content of table 8
Each mechanical property reaches required performance indications, yield strength 669MPa, tension as can be seen from Table 7
Intensity is 1136MPa, elongation 30%, strength and ductility product 34.1GPa%.Scanned photograph is as shown in Fig. 2 transmission photo such as Fig. 4
It is shown, ferrite bainite+granular bainite+ferrite+retained austenite is organized as, lath-shaped and granular bainite account for always respectively
The 24% of volume and 26%, the ratio between both volumes are 0.92, ferrite volume fraction 35%, retained austenite volume fraction
For 15%, mainly it is distributed in block distribution in ferrite grain boundaries or with film-form between lath of bainite.
Embodiment 3：
Be first according to mentioned component scope smelted, continuous casting, then detect strand composition, be shown in Table 9.
The composition (wt.%) of the strand of table 9
Specific heat treatment process parameter is shown in Table 10.
The heat treatment process parameter of table 10
Mechanical property according to high strength and ductility automobile steel made from table 9 and table 10 is shown in Table 11.
The mechanical property of table 11
The high-strength automobile steel being prepared according to table 9 and table 10 measures paralympic volume fraction by XRD, while calculates it
His each phase volume fraction, is as a result shown in Fig. 5 and table 4.
The different tissues content of table 12
Each mechanical property reaches required performance indications as can be seen from Table 11, yield strength 654MPa, resists
Tensile strength is 1163MPa, elongation 30%, strength and ductility product 34.9GPa%.Scanned photograph is as shown in figure 3, transmission photo such as figure
Shown in 4, ferrite bainite+granular bainite+ferrite+retained austenite is organized as, lath-shaped and granular bainite account for respectively
The 21% of cumulative volume and 26%, the ratio between both volumes are 0.81, ferrite volume fraction 38%, retained austenite volume integral
Number is 15%, is mainly distributed in block distribution in ferrite grain boundaries or with film-form between lath of bainite.
Sample prepared by composition and technological parameter according to above-described embodiment, each mechanical property reach required property
Energy index, yield strength>600MPa, tensile strength>1100MPa, elongation after fracture A >=30%, strength and ductility product >=30GPa%.
Transmission electron microscope photo lath-shaped and granular compound bainite, ferrite, retained austenite as shown in figure 4, be made up of, lath bayesian
Body is 0.8~1.0 with the ratio between volume shared by granular bainite, and tissue crystal grain is uniformly tiny, and average grain size is less than 5 μm.It is residual
Remaining austenite is mainly distributed in lath of bainite interface with block distribution in ferrite grain boundaries or with film-form, is sent out in deformation
Raw phase-change induced plastic effect improves the deformability of material, and the bainite structure of complex morphological can also improve the strong of material
Tough performance, material have excellent comprehensive mechanical property, and strength and ductility product meets the requirement of third generation automobile steel.
It should be noted last that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention and it is unrestricted.Although ginseng
The present invention is described in detail according to embodiment, it will be apparent to an ordinarily skilled person in the art that the technical side to the present invention
Case is modified or equivalent substitution, and without departure from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should cover in the present invention
Right among.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of preparation method of the tough automobile steel of compound bainite high-strength of Ultra-fine Grained, the chemical component weight hundred of the automobile steel
Point ratio is：C：≤0.30%、Si：1.05~1.75%、Mn：1.25~2.45%、V：0.15 ~ 0.25%, surplus is Fe and inevitable
Impurity, it is characterised in that step 1：Raw material is weighed according to design composition, is smelted, continuous casting, obtains hot rolled plate, by hot rolling
Plate cold rolling after pickling, cold rolling reduction ratio are 45%~65%, and it is 1.5~2.0 mm flat cold-rolled sheets to obtain thickness；
Step 2：Flat cold-rolled sheet is prepared in step 1 780 ~ 880 DEG C of austenite, ferrite two-phase section is warming up to 5 ~ 25 DEG C/s
Temperature, 2 ~ 3min is incubated, it is standby；
Step 3：After step 2 is handled:Steel plate is be cooled to bainite transformation temperature region the 350 ~ 430 of 30-60 DEG C/s
DEG C temperature, it is incubated 6 ~ 7min；
Step 4：Steel plate after step 3 is handled is cooled to room temperature with 20-40 DEG C/s cooling rate, that is, obtains the compound bayesian of Ultra-fine Grained
The high tough automobile steel of body.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the tough automobile using of the compound bainite high-strength of Ultra-fine Grained
The volume ratio of each tissue of steel is：Ferrite bainite 20% ~ 30%, granular bainite 20% ~ 30%, ferrite 30% ~ 50%, remnants
Austenite 10% ~ 18%；The average grain size of the tough automobile steel of the compound bainite high-strength of Ultra-fine Grained is less than 5 μm.
3. preparation method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the ferrite bainite and two kinds of groups of granular bainite
It is 0.8 ~ 1.0 to knit the ratio between shared volume.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the tough automobile using of the compound bainite high-strength of Ultra-fine Grained
The yield strength R of steelp>=600MPa, tensile strength Rm>=1100MPa, elongation after fracture A >=30%, strength and ductility product >=30GPa%.
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| CN108396259A (en) * | 2017-02-05 | 2018-08-14 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | A kind of high reaming performance hot rolling galvanized steel plain sheet and its manufacturing method |
| CN108048734A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-05-18 | 首钢集团有限公司 | A kind of tensile strength 700MPa grades of hot rolling Multiphase Steels and its production method |
| CN109943769B (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2021-06-15 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | 780 MPa-grade low-carbon low-alloy TRIP steel and rapid heat treatment method thereof |
| CN112647011B (en) * | 2020-12-19 | 2022-07-26 | 台州学院 | Preparation method of fine-grain high-strength and high-toughness bainitic steel |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP1749895A1 (en) * | 2005-08-04 | 2007-02-07 | ARCELOR France | Manufacture of steel sheets having high resistance and excellent ductility, products thereof |
| CN102952996A (en) * | 2013-01-04 | 2013-03-06 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | High-elongation cold-rolled TRIP (Transformation-Induced Plasticity) steel plate and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1749895A1 (en) * | 2005-08-04 | 2007-02-07 | ARCELOR France | Manufacture of steel sheets having high resistance and excellent ductility, products thereof |
| CN102952996A (en) * | 2013-01-04 | 2013-03-06 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | High-elongation cold-rolled TRIP (Transformation-Induced Plasticity) steel plate and preparation method thereof |
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