CN105948879A - Lentinus edodes culture medium and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Lentinus edodes culture medium and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105948879A CN105948879A CN201610042785.8A CN201610042785A CN105948879A CN 105948879 A CN105948879 A CN 105948879A CN 201610042785 A CN201610042785 A CN 201610042785A CN 105948879 A CN105948879 A CN 105948879A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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Abstract
The invention discloses a lentinus edodes culture medium and a preparation method thereof. The culture medium is prepared by mixing wood chips of broussonetia papyrifera, leaves of broussonetia papyrifera, mixed wood chips, wheat bran, gypsum powder and lime powder with water according to certain ratio. The preparation method includes the steps of detoxifying the wood chips of broussonetia papyrifera, weighing the raw materials, blending the raw materials, packing the mixture in bags and sterilizing the mixture, and inoculating the prepared culture medium, performing cultivation and performing management of in-bag cultivation. The culture medium has reasonable formula and can maintain certain air permeability, so that mycelia of the lentinus edodes grows well and pollution due to impurity bacteria can be reduced. The raw materials are detoxified so that yield and quality of the lentinus edodes are improved. The lentinus edodes has abundant nutrients, contains various active components from the broussonetia papyrifera, has certain health-caring value, and satisfies high-grade demand on green and health-caring foods by modern people. The invention develops utilization range of broussonetia papyrifera resources. The preparation method is simple, is easy to learn and is convenient to promote, is wide in sources of raw materials and is low in cost, and reduces load of forestry resources.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fungus growing technique field, specifically a kind of mushroom cultivation substrate and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
China is Lentnus edodes state maximum in the world and exported country, and along with socioeconomic development, Lentinus Edodes has become the important component part of China's agricultural sustainable development.Lentinus Edodes is because of the local flavor of its uniqueness and abundant nutrient substance, it has also become the most green delicious dish that people's dining table is indispensable.
Lentinus Edodes is because of its biological characteristics, the major ingredient the most always cultivated as it with hardwood sawdust, and China is the country of Shaolin in the world, " bacterium woods contradiction " is the most notable, in addition land resource shortage, cost of material is substantially increased, and largely constrains the sound development of Lentinus Edodes industry, therefore finds new inexpensive available raw material resources extremely urgent.
Broussonetia papyrifera is also known as papermulberry, and national most area has distribution, has the features such as distribution is wide, growth is fast, the one-tenth tree cycle is short, strong adaptability, strong stress resistance, pest and disease damage are few, and wild resource amount is huge, and the Broussonetia papyrifera woods of artificial growth also continues to increase.In mountain area, vast rural area, Broussonetia papyrifera is many to be abandoned as firewood or felling, and study and show, the leaf of Broussonetia papyrifera, skin, branch, root and fruit are containing medicinal ingredients such as abundant flavonoid, alkaloid, Polyterpeneses, and the aminoacid of structure leaf, vitamin, carbohydrate and trace element are the abundantest, especially protein, its content is up to 20-30%, and additionally Broussonetia papyrifera wood flour contains abundant cellulose and lignin etc., content of cellulose about 53%, content of lignin about 19%, using the teaching of the invention it is possible to provide mushroom growth grows necessary carbon nitrogen source.
For widening culturing raw material channel, reduce production cost, someone is with Caulis et Folium Oryzae, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, agricultural crop straw the like waste mushroom culture, although alleviating raw-material problem in short supply to a certain extent, but unsatisfactory to its yield and quality, and owing to its material is extensive not, not easily collecting and process, usage amount is limited, there is many difficulties in promoting on a large scale.If utilizing Broussonetia papyrifera mushroom culture, can not only improve mushroom production and quality, more because it has, distribution is wide, measure the features such as big, easily collecting and processing, and is prone to popularize on a large scale.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of mushroom cultivation substrate reducing cultivation cost, raising mushroom production and quality and preparation method thereof, with the problem solving to propose in above-mentioned background technology.
For achieving the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of mushroom cultivation substrate, is made up of according to the raw material of percentage by weight following: Broussonetia papyrifera wood flour 15-79%, structure leaf 1-5%, weed tree sawdust 0-60%, Testa Tritici 18.8%, Gypsum Fibrosum powder 1%, pulverized limestone 0.2%.
As the further scheme of the present invention: described mushroom cultivation substrate, it is made up of according to the raw material of percentage by weight following: Broussonetia papyrifera wood flour 35%, structure leaf 5%, weed tree sawdust 40%, Testa Tritici 18.8%, Gypsum Fibrosum powder 1%, pulverized limestone 0.2%.
As the further scheme of the present invention: described Broussonetia papyrifera wood flour, structure leaf, weed tree sawdust, Testa Tritici, Gypsum Fibrosum powder and pulverized limestone are the quality of dry.
As the further scheme of the present invention: described weed tree sawdust is the wood flour that Fagaceae, Hamamelidaceae, one or more trees of Betulaceae are ground into.
As the present invention further scheme: described weed tree sawdust is to pulverize, with the pulverizer that sieve diameter is 18-20mm, the wood flour obtained.
The manufacture method of described mushroom cultivation substrate, specifically comprises the following steps that
(1) use sterilization, lime water infusion method or method of piling that Broussonetia papyrifera wood flour carries out detoxification treatment:
A, sterilization: be stacked upon in order by the Broussonetia papyrifera of felling, use high pressure or normal-pressure sterilization method to carry out sterilizing, be ground into granule with the pulverizer of 15mm sieve aperture after cooling, standby after drying；
B, lime water infusion method: the Broussonetia papyrifera of felling is soaked 24-48h with the lime water of 0.2% concentration, after draining, is ground into granule with the pulverizer of 15mm sieve aperture, standby after drying；
C, method of piling: the Broussonetia papyrifera of felling is placed under open-air atmosphere more than the 20d that exposes to the sun and rain, is then ground into granule with the pulverizer of 15mm sieve aperture, admixes the lime water of 2-3% concentration, be placed under booth half a year of banking up more than standby；
(2) feeding: weigh each raw material according to quality proportioning；
(3) spice: stir evenly in first pouring Broussonetia papyrifera wood flour, structure leaf, weed tree sawdust siccative into blender, adds water, is sequentially added into Testa Tritici, Gypsum Fibrosum powder and pulverized limestone after mixing thoroughly, and adjustment moisture makes the water content of compost be 55-58%；
(4) pack: by compost configure employing folding length be 20cm, a length of 60cm, thickness are the polyethylene plastic bag of 0.055mm or polypropylene plastics pocket carries out subpackage；
(5) sterilizing: use high pressure or normal-pressure sterilization method to carry out sterilizing the compost after subpackage, be cooled to less than 25 DEG C and obtain finished product.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Inventive formulation is reasonable, makes the aeration that the holding of bacterium material is certain, mushroom mycelium robust growth, it is possible to reduce the pollution of miscellaneous bacteria；Raw material has carried out detoxification treatment, not only degrades poisonous bateriostatics, also promotes the degraded of the macromolecular substances such as cellulose, lignin, beneficially mushroom mycelium and absorbs, can be effectively improved mushroom production and quality；The Lentinus Edodes turned out is nutritious, containing various active composition in Broussonetia papyrifera, has certain health value, can meet modern and pursue the high-quality of green health care food；That has expanded Broussonetia papyrifera utilizes scope；Manufacture method is promoted by easy to learn being easy to；Raw material sources are extensive, with low cost, alleviate forest tree resource pressure, can promote Lentinus Edodes industry Sustainable Healthy Development.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, the technical scheme of this patent is described in more detail.
Embodiment 1
A kind of mushroom cultivation substrate, is made up of according to the raw material of percentage by weight following: Broussonetia papyrifera wood flour 15%, structure leaf 5%, weed tree sawdust 60%, Testa Tritici 18.8%, Gypsum Fibrosum powder 1%, pulverized limestone 0.2%.
The manufacture method of described mushroom cultivation substrate, specifically comprises the following steps that
(1) use method of piling that Broussonetia papyrifera wood flour carries out detoxification treatment: the Broussonetia papyrifera of felling is placed under open-air atmosphere more than the 20d that exposes to the sun and rain, then it is ground into granule with the pulverizer of 15mm sieve aperture, admix the lime water of 2-3% concentration, be placed under booth half a year of banking up more than standby；
(2) feeding: weigh each raw material according to quality proportioning, weed tree sawdust used is to pulverize, with the pulverizer that sieve diameter is 18mm, the wood flour obtained；
(3) spice: stir evenly in first pouring Broussonetia papyrifera wood flour, structure leaf, weed tree sawdust siccative into blender, adds water, is sequentially added into Testa Tritici, Gypsum Fibrosum powder and pulverized limestone after mixing thoroughly, and adjustment moisture makes the water content of compost be 55-58%；
(4) pack: by the compost configure employing folding length be 20cm, a length of 60cm, thickness be 0.055mm polyethylene plastic bag carry out subpackage；
(5) sterilizing: use normal-pressure sterilization method to carry out sterilizing the compost after subpackage, be cooled to less than 25 DEG C and obtain finished product.
After the culture matrix made aseptically is inoculated, being placed in room temperature 23-25 DEG C, the culturing room of relative air humidity less than 75% cultivates, and carries out management of producing mushroom after bacteria maturation, and the biological efficiency of Lentinus Edodes is 122.5%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of mushroom cultivation substrate, is made up of according to the raw material of percentage by weight following: Broussonetia papyrifera wood flour 35%, structure leaf 5%, weed tree sawdust 40%, Testa Tritici 18.8%, Gypsum Fibrosum powder 1%, pulverized limestone 0.2%.
The manufacture method of described mushroom cultivation substrate, specifically comprises the following steps that
(1) use lime water infusion method that Broussonetia papyrifera wood flour carries out detoxification treatment: the lime water of Broussonetia papyrifera 0.2% concentration of felling to be soaked 36h, after draining, is ground into granule with the pulverizer of 15mm sieve aperture, standby after drying；
(2) feeding: weigh each raw material according to quality proportioning, weed tree sawdust used is to pulverize, with the pulverizer that sieve diameter is 18mm, the wood flour obtained；
(3) spice: stir evenly in first pouring Broussonetia papyrifera wood flour, structure leaf, weed tree sawdust siccative into blender, adds water, is sequentially added into Testa Tritici, Gypsum Fibrosum powder and pulverized limestone after mixing thoroughly, and adjustment moisture makes the water content of compost be 55-58%；
(4) pack: by the compost configure employing folding length be 20cm, a length of 60cm, thickness be 0.055mm polyethylene plastic bag carry out subpackage；
(5) sterilizing: use normal-pressure sterilization method to carry out sterilizing the compost after subpackage, be cooled to less than 25 DEG C and obtain finished product.
After the culture matrix made aseptically is inoculated, being placed in room temperature 23-25 DEG C, the culturing room of relative air humidity less than 75% cultivates, and carries out management of producing mushroom after bacteria maturation, and the biological efficiency of Lentinus Edodes is 134.1%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of mushroom cultivation substrate, is made up of according to the raw material of percentage by weight following: Broussonetia papyrifera wood flour 55%, structure leaf 5%, weed tree sawdust 20%, Testa Tritici 18.8%, Gypsum Fibrosum powder 1%, pulverized limestone 0.2%.
The manufacture method of described mushroom cultivation substrate, specifically comprises the following steps that
(1) use lime water infusion method that Broussonetia papyrifera wood flour carries out detoxification treatment: the lime water of Broussonetia papyrifera 0.2% concentration of felling to be soaked 48h, after draining, is ground into granule with the pulverizer of 15mm sieve aperture, standby after drying；
(2) feeding: weigh each raw material according to quality proportioning, weed tree sawdust used is to pulverize, with the pulverizer that sieve diameter is 20mm, the wood flour obtained；
(3) spice: stir evenly in first pouring Broussonetia papyrifera wood flour, structure leaf, weed tree sawdust siccative into blender, adds water, is sequentially added into Testa Tritici, Gypsum Fibrosum powder and pulverized limestone after mixing thoroughly, and adjustment moisture makes the water content of compost be 55-58%；
(4) pack: by the compost configure employing folding length be 20cm, a length of 60cm, thickness be 0.055mm polypropylene plastics pocket carry out subpackage；
(5) sterilizing: use autoclaving to carry out sterilizing the compost after subpackage, be cooled to less than 25 DEG C and obtain finished product.
After the culture matrix made aseptically is inoculated, being placed in room temperature 23-25 DEG C, the culturing room of relative air humidity less than 75% cultivates, and carries out management of producing mushroom after bacteria maturation, and the biological efficiency of Lentinus Edodes is 128.6%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of mushroom cultivation substrate, is made up of according to the raw material of percentage by weight following: Broussonetia papyrifera wood flour 75%, structure leaf 5%, Testa Tritici 18.8%, Gypsum Fibrosum powder 1%, pulverized limestone 0.2%.
The manufacture method of described mushroom cultivation substrate, specifically comprises the following steps that
(1) use sterilization that Broussonetia papyrifera wood flour carries out detoxification treatment: to be stacked upon in order by the Broussonetia papyrifera of felling, use normal-pressure sterilization method to carry out sterilizing, after cooling, be ground into granule with the pulverizer of 15mm sieve aperture, standby after drying；
(2) feeding: weigh each raw material according to quality proportioning, weed tree sawdust used is to pulverize, with the pulverizer that sieve diameter is 20mm, the wood flour obtained；
(3) spice: stir evenly in first pouring Broussonetia papyrifera wood flour, structure leaf, weed tree sawdust siccative into blender, adds water, is sequentially added into Testa Tritici, Gypsum Fibrosum powder and pulverized limestone after mixing thoroughly, and adjustment moisture makes the water content of compost be 55-58%；
(4) pack: by the compost configure employing folding length be 20cm, a length of 60cm, thickness be 0.055mm polypropylene plastics pocket carry out subpackage；
(5) sterilizing: use autoclaving to carry out sterilizing the compost after subpackage, be cooled to less than 25 DEG C and obtain finished product.
After the culture matrix made aseptically is inoculated, being placed in room temperature 23-25 DEG C, the culturing room of relative air humidity less than 75% cultivates, and carries out management of producing mushroom after bacteria maturation, and the biological efficiency of Lentinus Edodes is 119.7%.
Described Broussonetia papyrifera wood flour, structure leaf, weed tree sawdust, Testa Tritici, Gypsum Fibrosum powder and pulverized limestone are the quality of dry；Described weed tree sawdust is the wood flour that Fagaceae, Hamamelidaceae, one or more trees of Betulaceae are ground into.The described Testa Tritici in mushroom cultivation substrate, Gypsum Fibrosum powder, pulverized limestone quality all meet national standard.
Embodiment 5
Matched group
Conventional bag mushroom cultivation substrate, is made up of according to the raw material of percentage by weight following: weed tree sawdust 80%, Testa Tritici 18.8%, Gypsum Fibrosum powder 1%, pulverized limestone 0.2%, conventionally makes compost and management fruiting, and the biological efficiency of Lentinus Edodes is 118.3%.
The formula of above example 1-5 is as shown in table 1:
Table
1
Broussonetia papyrifera is cultivated
The formula of Lentinus Edodes
| Formula number | Broussonetia papyrifera wood flour | Structure leaf | Weed tree sawdust | Testa Tritici | Gypsum Fibrosum powder | Pulverized limestone |
| Embodiment 1 | 15% | 5% | 60% | 18.8% | 1% | 0.2% |
| Embodiment 2 | 35% | 5% | 40% | 18.8% | 1% | 0.2% |
| Embodiment 3 | 55% | 5% | 20% | 18.8% | 1% | 0.2% |
| Embodiment 4 | 75% | 5% | 0 | 18.8% | 1% | 0.2% |
| Embodiment 5(matched group) | 0 | 0 | 80% | 18.8% | 1% | 0.2% |
The cultivation matrix using embodiment 1-5 to obtain carries out cultivating champignon, and each formula puts three communities, the repetition of 30 bags, each community, conventional method management fruiting at random, and the impact on its yield is as shown in table 2:
Table
2
Broussonetia papyrifera is cultivated
The impact on its yield of the different formulations of Lentinus Edodes
| Formula number | Purseful time (d) | Biological efficiency (%) |
| Embodiment 1 | 44 | 122.5 |
| Embodiment 2 | 41 | 134.1 |
| Embodiment 3 | 38 | 128.6 |
| Embodiment 4 | 46 | 119.7 |
| Embodiment 5(matched group) | 46 | 118.3 |
As shown in Table 2, purseful shortest time for embodiment 3, the longest for embodiment 4, compared with the matched group of embodiment 5, the most all shorten the purseful time；Biological efficiency the highest for embodiment 2, next to that embodiment 3 and 1, be above matched group, embodiment 4 is also close with matched group.Result show Broussonetia papyrifera mushroom culture can shortening purseful time in various degree, improve biological efficiency.
Inventive formulation is reasonable, makes the aeration that the holding of bacterium material is certain, mushroom mycelium robust growth, it is possible to reduce the pollution of miscellaneous bacteria；Raw material has carried out detoxification treatment, not only degrades poisonous bateriostatics, also promotes the degraded of the macromolecular substances such as cellulose, lignin, beneficially mushroom mycelium and absorbs, can be effectively improved mushroom production and quality；The Lentinus Edodes turned out is nutritious, containing various active composition in Broussonetia papyrifera, has certain health value, can meet modern and pursue the high-quality of green health care food；That has expanded Broussonetia papyrifera utilizes scope；Manufacture method is promoted by easy to learn being easy to；Raw material sources are extensive, with low cost, alleviate forest tree resource pressure, can promote Lentinus Edodes industry Sustainable Healthy Development.
Above the better embodiment of this patent is explained in detail, but this patent is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, in the ken that one skilled in the relevant art is possessed, it is also possible to various changes can be made on the premise of without departing from this patent objective.
Claims (6)
1. a mushroom cultivation substrate, it is characterised in that be made up of according to the raw material of percentage by weight following: Broussonetia papyrifera wood flour 15-79%, structure leaf 1-5%, weed tree sawdust 0-60%, Testa Tritici 18.8%, Gypsum Fibrosum powder 1%, pulverized limestone 0.2%.
Mushroom cultivation substrate the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be made up of according to the raw material of percentage by weight following: Broussonetia papyrifera wood flour 35%, structure leaf 5%, weed tree sawdust 40%, Testa Tritici 18.8%, Gypsum Fibrosum powder 1%, pulverized limestone 0.2%.
3. according to the arbitrary described mushroom cultivation substrate of claim 1-2, it is characterised in that described Broussonetia papyrifera wood flour, structure leaf, weed tree sawdust, Testa Tritici, Gypsum Fibrosum powder and pulverized limestone are the quality of dry.
4. according to the arbitrary described mushroom cultivation substrate of claim 1-2, it is characterised in that described weed tree sawdust is the wood flour that Fagaceae, Hamamelidaceae, one or more trees of Betulaceae are ground into.
5. according to the arbitrary described mushroom cultivation substrate of claim 1-2, it is characterised in that described weed tree sawdust is to pulverize, with the pulverizer that sieve diameter is 18-20mm, the wood flour obtained.
6. the manufacture method of the mushroom cultivation substrate as described in claim 1-2 is arbitrary, it is characterised in that specifically comprise the following steps that
(1) use sterilization, lime water infusion method or method of piling that Broussonetia papyrifera wood flour carries out detoxification treatment:
A, sterilization: be stacked upon in order by the Broussonetia papyrifera of felling, use high pressure or normal-pressure sterilization method to carry out sterilizing, be ground into granule with the pulverizer of 15mm sieve aperture after cooling, standby after drying；
B, lime water infusion method: the Broussonetia papyrifera of felling is soaked 24-48h with the lime water of 0.2% concentration, after draining, is ground into granule with the pulverizer of 15mm sieve aperture, standby after drying；
C, method of piling: the Broussonetia papyrifera of felling is placed under open-air atmosphere more than the 20d that exposes to the sun and rain, is then ground into granule with the pulverizer of 15mm sieve aperture, admixes the lime water of 2-3% concentration, be placed under booth half a year of banking up more than standby；
(2) feeding: weigh each raw material according to quality proportioning；
(3) spice: stir evenly in first pouring Broussonetia papyrifera wood flour, structure leaf, weed tree sawdust siccative into blender, adds water, is sequentially added into Testa Tritici, Gypsum Fibrosum powder and pulverized limestone after mixing thoroughly, and adjustment moisture makes the water content of compost be 55-58%；
(4) pack: by compost configure employing folding length be 20cm, a length of 60cm, thickness are the polyethylene plastic bag of 0.055mm or polypropylene plastics pocket carries out subpackage；
(5) sterilizing: use high pressure or normal-pressure sterilization method to carry out sterilizing the compost after subpackage, be cooled to less than 25 DEG C and obtain finished product.
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| CN107827626A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-03-23 | 枞阳县新农民农业种植有限公司 | A kind of nutrient matrix for shortening the mushroom growth cycle |
| CN109964730A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-07-05 | 河北省科学院生物研究所 | A kind of mushroom cultivation substrate and preparation method thereof containing walnut beta pruning sawdust |
| CN111990167A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-27 | 中南林业科技大学 | Oyster mushroom culture medium and preparation and use methods thereof |
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| 丁湖广等编著: "《香菇速生高产栽培新技术》", 30 September 2005 * |
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| CN107827626A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-03-23 | 枞阳县新农民农业种植有限公司 | A kind of nutrient matrix for shortening the mushroom growth cycle |
| CN109964730A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-07-05 | 河北省科学院生物研究所 | A kind of mushroom cultivation substrate and preparation method thereof containing walnut beta pruning sawdust |
| CN111990167A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-27 | 中南林业科技大学 | Oyster mushroom culture medium and preparation and use methods thereof |
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