CN105935738B - A kind of forging technology of ledeburite steel shaft - Google Patents

A kind of forging technology of ledeburite steel shaft Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105935738B
CN105935738B CN201610512270.XA CN201610512270A CN105935738B CN 105935738 B CN105935738 B CN 105935738B CN 201610512270 A CN201610512270 A CN 201610512270A CN 105935738 B CN105935738 B CN 105935738B
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Prior art keywords
temperature
axle
jumping
blank
hours
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CN105935738A (en
Inventor
吕美莲
刘春超
冯宝倪
吕俊
吕诚
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Auspicious Outstanding Co Ltd Of Forging Of Anhui Province
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Auspicious Outstanding Co Ltd Of Forging Of Anhui Province
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00—Making machine elements
    • B21K1/06—Making machine elements axles or shafts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
    • B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
    • C21D1/28—Normalising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/28—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for plain shafts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of forging technology of ledeburite steel shaft, belongs to ledeburite steel shaft processing technique field, and the technique is to comprise the steps of：(1) blank is selected, blank is subjected to roughing, obtains axis blank；(2) axis blank is put into heating furnace and preheated, is then incubated；(3) axle after preheating is put into stove and once heated, is then once incubated, axle is then subjected to jumping-up；(4) axle after jumping-up is subjected to reheating, then carries out secondary insulation, then pulled out, pulling is than being 5~7；(5) axle after pulling is heated three times, be then incubated three times, then come out of the stove and be air-cooled to room temperature, carry out normalized treatment.The ledeburite steel shaft carbide segregation of the present invention is small, and is evenly distributed；The ledeburite steel shaft of the present invention will not crack, good product quality；The ledeburite steel axialite grain of the present invention will not again grow up and will not assemble with carbide, and performance is good.

Description

A kind of forging technology of ledeburite steel shaft
Technical field
The invention belongs to ledeburite steel shaft processing technique field, more particularly to a kind of forging technology of ledeburite steel shaft.
Background technology
Ledeburite is one kind in ferrous materials basic organizational structure, is pearlite, cementite and eutectic carburizing under normal temperature The mixture of body.The ledeburite steel that common forging technology is produced easily occurs that carbide segregation is serious, and distributed pole is uneven； Easily cracked in forging process；Crystal grain is grown up again to be assembled with carbide, influences performance.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of forging technology of ledeburite steel shaft.
To solve the above problems, a kind of forging technology of ledeburite steel shaft of the present invention, the technique are by following step Rapid composition：
(1) blank is selected, blank is subjected to roughing, obtains axis blank；
(2) axis blank is put into heating furnace and preheated, pre-heating temperature is 250~290 DEG C, is then protected Temperature, holding temperature are 250~290 DEG C, and soaking time is 1.7~2.2 hours；
(3) axle after preheating is put into stove and once heated, a heating-up temperature is 1150~1230 DEG C, then Once it is incubated, holding temperature is 1250~1230 DEG C, and soaking time is 5~6 hours, and eutectic transformation shape occurs for liquid alloy Into ledeburite, whole alloy composition is the austenite and ledeburite first separated out, and axle then carried out into jumping-up, can not be curved during jumping-up Song, as bent, it is necessary to jumping-up again is corrected after melting down；
(4) axle after jumping-up is subjected to reheating, reheating temperature is 710~750 DEG C, then carries out secondary guarantor Temperature, secondary holding temperature are 710~750 DEG C, and secondary soaking time is 4~5 hours, then axle is placed on lower V-type anvil, then Upper flat anvil pushes, and is pulled out under triaxial pressure, and the feed and drafts during pulling uniformly diligent upset, will avoid same Position is hammered repeatedly, and pulling is than being 5~7；
(5) axle after pulling is heated three times, heating-up temperature is 550~650 DEG C three times, is then protected three times Temperature, holding temperature is 550~650 DEG C three times, and soaking time is 2~3 hours three times, then comes out of the stove and is air-cooled to room temperature, is carried out just Fire processing, eliminates the residualinternal stress after forging.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has advantages below：The ledeburite steel shaft carbide segregation of the present invention is small, and point Cloth is uniform；The ledeburite steel shaft of the present invention will not crack, good product quality；The ledeburite steel axialite grain of the present invention will not weigh New grow up will not assemble with carbide, and performance is good.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of forging technology of ledeburite steel shaft, the technique is to comprise the steps of：
(1) blank is selected, blank is subjected to roughing, obtains axis blank；
(2) axis blank is put into heating furnace and preheated, pre-heating temperature is 250 DEG C, is then incubated, and is incubated Temperature is 250 DEG C, and soaking time is 1.7 hours；
(3) axle after preheating is put into stove and once heated, one time heating-up temperature is 1150 DEG C, then carries out one Secondary insulation, holding temperature are 1250 DEG C, and soaking time is 5 hours, and liquid alloy occurs eutectic transformation and forms ledeburite, whole to close Gold composition is the austenite and ledeburite that first separate out, and axle then carried out into jumping-up, can not be bent during jumping-up, must as bent Jumping-up again is corrected after must melting down；
(4) axle after jumping-up is subjected to reheating, reheating temperature is 710 DEG C, then carries out secondary insulation, secondary Holding temperature is 710 DEG C, and secondary soaking time is 4 hours, and then axle is placed on lower V-type anvil, and then upper flat anvil pushes, three Pulled out under to pressure, the feed and drafts during pulling uniformly diligent upset, will avoid same position from being hammered into shape repeatedly Hit, pulling is than being 5；
(5) axle after pulling is heated three times, heating-up temperature is 550 DEG C three times, is then incubated three times, three times Holding temperature is 550 DEG C, and soaking time is 2 hours three times, then comes out of the stove and is air-cooled to room temperature, carries out normalized treatment, eliminates forging Residualinternal stress afterwards.
It is demonstrated experimentally that ledeburite steel shaft carbide segregation is smaller under this parameter, and it is evenly distributed；Ledeburite steel shaft will not produce Raw crackle, good product quality；Ledeburite steel axialite grain will not grow up again will not assemble with carbide, and performance is preferable.
Embodiment 2
A kind of forging technology of ledeburite steel shaft, the technique is to comprise the steps of：
(1) blank is selected, blank is subjected to roughing, obtains axis blank；
(2) axis blank is put into heating furnace and preheated, pre-heating temperature is 290 DEG C, is then incubated, and is incubated Temperature is 290 DEG C, and soaking time is 2.2 hours；
(3) axle after preheating is put into stove and once heated, one time heating-up temperature is 1230 DEG C, then carries out one Secondary insulation, holding temperature are 1230 DEG C, and soaking time is 6 hours, and liquid alloy occurs eutectic transformation and forms ledeburite, whole to close Gold composition is the austenite and ledeburite that first separate out, and axle then carried out into jumping-up, can not be bent during jumping-up, must as bent Jumping-up again is corrected after must melting down；
(4) axle after jumping-up is subjected to reheating, reheating temperature is 750 DEG C, then carries out secondary insulation, secondary Holding temperature is 750 DEG C, and secondary soaking time is 5 hours, and then axle is placed on lower V-type anvil, and then upper flat anvil pushes, three Pulled out under to pressure, the feed and drafts during pulling uniformly diligent upset, will avoid same position from being hammered into shape repeatedly Hit, pulling is than being 7；
(5) axle after pulling is heated three times, heating-up temperature is 650 DEG C three times, is then incubated three times, three times Holding temperature is 650 DEG C, and soaking time is 3 hours three times, then comes out of the stove and is air-cooled to room temperature, carries out normalized treatment, eliminates forging Residualinternal stress afterwards.
It is demonstrated experimentally that ledeburite steel shaft carbide segregation is small under this parameter, and it is evenly distributed；Ledeburite steel shaft will not produce Crackle, good product quality；Ledeburite steel axialite grain will not grow up again will not assemble with carbide, and performance is preferable.

Claims (3)

  1. A kind of 1. forging technology of ledeburite steel shaft, it is characterised in that：The technique is to comprise the steps of：
    (1) blank is selected, blank is subjected to roughing, obtains axis blank；
    (2) axis blank is put into heating furnace and preheated, pre-heating temperature is 250~290 DEG C, is then incubated, and is protected Temperature is 250~290 DEG C, and soaking time is 1.7~2.2 hours；
    (3) axle after preheating is put into stove and once heated, one time heating-up temperature is 1150~1230 DEG C, is then carried out Once it is incubated, holding temperature is 1250~1230 DEG C, and soaking time is 5~6 hours, and liquid alloy occurs eutectic transformation and forms Lay Family name's body, whole alloy composition are the austenites and ledeburite first separated out, and axle then carried out into jumping-up, can not be bent during jumping-up, such as Bend, it is necessary to jumping-up again is corrected after melting down；
    (4) axle after jumping-up being subjected to reheating, reheating temperature is 710~750 DEG C, then carries out secondary insulation, two Secondary holding temperature is 710~750 DEG C, and secondary soaking time is 4~5 hours, and then axle is placed on lower V-type anvil, then upper flat Anvil pushes, and is pulled out under triaxial pressure, and the feed and drafts during pulling uniformly diligent upset, will avoid same position Hammered repeatedly, pulling is than being 5~7；
    (5) axle after pulling is heated three times, heating-up temperature is 550~650 DEG C three times, is then incubated three times, three Secondary holding temperature is 550~650 DEG C, and soaking time is 2~3 hours three times, then comes out of the stove and is air-cooled to room temperature, is carried out at normalizing Reason, eliminate the residualinternal stress after forging.
  2. A kind of 2. forging technology of ledeburite steel shaft according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The technique is by following steps Composition：
    (1) blank is selected, blank is subjected to roughing, obtains axis blank；
    (2) axis blank is put into heating furnace and preheated, pre-heating temperature is 250 DEG C, is then incubated, holding temperature For 250 DEG C, soaking time is 1.7 hours；
    (3) axle after preheating is put into stove and once heated, one time heating-up temperature is 1150 DEG C, is then once protected Temperature, holding temperature are 1250 DEG C, and soaking time is 5 hours, and liquid alloy occurs eutectic transformation and forms ledeburite, whole alloy group Into being the austenite and ledeburite that first separate out, axle is then subjected to jumping-up, can not be bent during jumping-up, as bent, it is necessary to return Jumping-up again is corrected after stove；
    (4) axle after jumping-up is subjected to reheating, reheating temperature is 710 DEG C, then carries out secondary insulation, secondary insulation Temperature is 710 DEG C, and secondary soaking time is 4 hours, and then axle is placed on lower V-type anvil, and then upper flat anvil pushes, in three-dimensional pressure Pulled out under power, the feed and drafts during pulling uniformly diligent upset, will avoid same position from being hammered repeatedly, pull out Long ratio is 5；
    (5) axle after pulling is heated three times, heating-up temperature is 550 DEG C three times, is then incubated, is incubated three times three times Temperature is 550 DEG C, and soaking time is 2 hours three times, then comes out of the stove and is air-cooled to room temperature, carries out normalized treatment, after eliminating forging Residualinternal stress.
  3. A kind of 3. forging technology of ledeburite steel shaft according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The technique is by following steps Composition：
    (1) blank is selected, blank is subjected to roughing, obtains axis blank；
    (2) axis blank is put into heating furnace and preheated, pre-heating temperature is 290 DEG C, is then incubated, holding temperature For 290 DEG C, soaking time is 2.2 hours；
    (3) axle after preheating is put into stove and once heated, one time heating-up temperature is 1230 DEG C, is then once protected Temperature, holding temperature are 1230 DEG C, and soaking time is 6 hours, and liquid alloy occurs eutectic transformation and forms ledeburite, whole alloy group Into being the austenite and ledeburite that first separate out, axle is then subjected to jumping-up, can not be bent during jumping-up, as bent, it is necessary to return Jumping-up again is corrected after stove；
    (4) axle after jumping-up is subjected to reheating, reheating temperature is 750 DEG C, then carries out secondary insulation, secondary insulation Temperature is 750 DEG C, and secondary soaking time is 5 hours, and then axle is placed on lower V-type anvil, and then upper flat anvil pushes, in three-dimensional pressure Pulled out under power, the feed and drafts during pulling uniformly diligent upset, will avoid same position from being hammered repeatedly, pull out Long ratio is 7；
    (5) axle after pulling is heated three times, heating-up temperature is 650 DEG C three times, is then incubated, is incubated three times three times Temperature is 650 DEG C, and soaking time is 3 hours three times, then comes out of the stove and is air-cooled to room temperature, carries out normalized treatment, after eliminating forging Residualinternal stress.
CN201610512270.XA 2016-06-30 2016-06-30 A kind of forging technology of ledeburite steel shaft Active CN105935738B (en)

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CN105935738B true CN105935738B (en) 2017-12-01

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Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111347220B (en) * 2018-12-24 2021-09-03 溧阳市金昆锻压有限公司 Manufacturing method of ledeburite steel high-wear-resistance press roll shell

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB766115A (en) * 1954-04-13 1957-01-16 Eaton Axles Ltd Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of axle shafts
AT326462B (en) * 1974-02-01 1975-12-10 Schoeller Bleckmann Stahlwerke Process for the production of disks from steels susceptible to segregation
JPS594936A (en) * 1982-07-01 1984-01-11 Musashi Seimitsu Kogyo Kk Manufacture of crank shaft
KR20090061404A (en) * 2007-12-11 2009-06-16 현대자동차주식회사 Heat treatment for ultra fine grained steel for transmission shaft
CN102091751B (en) * 2010-12-03 2013-08-21 太原科技大学 Control method for 316 LN steel heavy-forging crystalline grain
EP2703100B1 (en) * 2011-04-25 2016-05-18 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Fabrication method for stepped forged material
CN103350180A (en) * 2013-06-21 2013-10-16 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 Forging forming method of fan shaft made of C250 maraging steel
CN104907470B (en) * 2015-04-27 2017-01-11 上海宏钢电站设备铸锻有限公司 13Cr9Mo2Co1NiVNbNB steel forged piece manufacturing method
CN105088094B (en) * 2015-08-11 2018-04-27 宝钢特钢有限公司 A kind of manufacture method for controlling nitrogen austenitic stainless steel heavy forging

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