CN105932747A - Accumulator charger and charging method thereof - Google Patents
Accumulator charger and charging method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105932747A CN105932747A CN201610471736.6A CN201610471736A CN105932747A CN 105932747 A CN105932747 A CN 105932747A CN 201610471736 A CN201610471736 A CN 201610471736A CN 105932747 A CN105932747 A CN 105932747A
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- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010278 pulse charging Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000017105 transposition Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0034—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using reverse polarity correcting or protecting circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
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- H02J7/0077—
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- H02J7/0086—
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- H02J7/0091—
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an accumulator charger and a charging method thereof, and belongs to the field of charging. The charger comprises a temperature detection circuit, an anti-transposition circuit, an accumulator voltage display circuit, an accumulator voltage detection circuit, an accumulator charging circuit, a switch power source constant current source, a single chip control circuit and an alarm indication circuit; the anti-transposition circuit is used for detecting whether the charger and the polarity of the accumulator are in transposition; the temperature detection circuit is used for detecting the temperature of the accumulator; the accumulator voltage detection circuit is used for acquiring the voltage of the accumulator, and transmitting the acquired voltage to the single chip control circuit; the single chip control circuit is used for comparing the temperature detected by the accumulator voltage detection circuit with an originally set temperature threshold value T0, and meanwhile, the single chip control circuit is used for comparing voltage acquired by the accumulator voltage detection circuit with the system preset voltage value U11, U1, U111, U22, U2, U222, U33, U3, and U333; and then controlling the accumulator charging circuit to charge the accumulator according to the comparison result.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to charging field, specifically relate to a kind of battery charger and charging thereof
Method.
Background technology
Along with the development of science and technology, accumulator is more and more important in we live.Accumulator is one
Planting the energy storage device that can repeatedly carry out discharge and recharge, therefore, the charging of accumulator can directly influence storage
The service life of battery and service efficiency.
Now accumulator has a variety of charging methods, mainly have normal charge method, constant-current charge method,
Between stage charging method, constant-voltage charge method, pulse charging method, time-dependent current intermittent charge method, time variant voltage
Have a rest mise-a-la-masse method ring and time variant voltage time-dependent current wave interval positive and negative zero pulse rapid charging etc..Routine is filled
Electricity system be based on 1940 before internationally recognized empirical law design, the most foremost be exactly
" ampere-hour rule ": charging current amperage, is not to be exceeded the ampere-hour number that accumulator is to be charged.
It practice, the speed of normal charge is limited by the generation of accumulator temperature rise in charging process and gas
System, this phenomenon shortest time necessary to accumulator charging is significant.
These charging methods are made electrode the most very well and are connect anti-judgement, when charger and storage when charging
The when that battery connecting, charger must be restarted after first connecting accumulator, if first starting charger again
Connect accumulator and can produce spark, and whether the polarity of accumulator to be gone through connects instead, if connecing anti-
Charging, directly damages charger.Many times can produce and be not fully filled or overcharge phenomenon.Such fill
The safety and reliability of electrical equipment is the lowest.
Accordingly, it would be desirable in different phase to the different charging method of accumulator, storage can be improved further
The service life of battery, but existing accumulator charging method all also exists critical voltage and produces drift
The problem moved.
Summary of the invention
What the present invention needed solution is about existing battery charger occurs when critical voltage charges
The problem hovered, it is provided that a kind of battery charger and charging method thereof.
The present invention solves the problems referred to above by the following technical programs:
A kind of accumulator charging method, comprises the steps:
Step 1: connect charging, it is judged that whether charger connects instead with the polarity of accumulator；
Step 2: when charger and the reverse polarity connection of accumulator, alarm lamp is reported to the police, and returns step
Rapid 1；When the polarity of charger Yu accumulator does not connect inverse time, enter next step；
Step 3: detection accumulator and charging device temperature, and the temperature of detection and default
Temperature threshold T0 contrasts, and wherein T0 is accumulator and charging device performance is unaffected can bear
High temperature value；
Step 4: when the temperature of detection is more than the temperature threshold T0 of default, alarm lamp
Report to the police, return step 3；When the temperature of detection is less than or equal to the temperature threshold T0 of default,
Enter next step；
Step 5: accumulator is carried out voltage sample, the voltage U0 gathered and systemic presupposition voltage
Value U11, U1, U111, U22, U2, U222, U33, U3, U333 compare, wherein
U11 < U1 < U111 < U22 < U2 < U222 < U33 < U3 < U333, U0 is collection voltage, U11, U1, U111,
U22, U2, U222, U33, U3, U333 are the boundary voltages that systemic presupposition is fixed；
Step 6: as U0 < U11, uses constant-current charge method to be charged accumulator, when
U11 < U0 < during U111, keeps original mise-a-la-masse method to be charged, when U11 < U0 < during U22, uses
Frequency is that accumulator is charged by the pulse charging method of P, when U22 < U0 < during U222, keeps original
Mise-a-la-masse method be charged, when U222 < U0 < during U33, use frequency be the pulse charging method pair of P/2
Accumulator is charged, when U22 < U0 < during U222, keeps original mise-a-la-masse method to be charged or original
Alarm condition, as U333 < U0, alarm lamp is reported to the police, and charging stops.
In above-mentioned steps 6, when U11 < U0 < during U111, and when U0 gathers voltage for charging is first, uses
Accumulator is charged by constant-current charge method；As U22 < U0, < during U222, and U0 gathers for charging is first
During voltage, accumulator is charged by the pulse charging method using frequency to be P；When U22 < U0 < during U222,
And U0 is when gathering voltage for charging is first, alarm lamp is reported to the police, and charging stops.
A kind of battery charger based on above-mentioned charging method, including temperature sensing circuit, anti-reverse
Circuit, battery tension display circuit, accumulator voltage detecting circuit, battery charging circuit, open
Close power supply constant current source, single chip machine controlling circuit and warning indicating circuit；Wherein,
Switching Power Supply constant-current source powers to each circuit；
Whether reverse-connection preventing circuit detection charger connects instead with the polarity of accumulator；
The temperature of temperature sensing circuit detection accumulator, and detection temperature is passed to Single-chip Controlling electricity
Road；
Accumulator voltage detecting circuit gathers the voltage of accumulator, and passes to single-chip microcomputer control gathering voltage
Circuit processed；
The temperature that single chip machine controlling circuit detects temperature sensing circuit and former design temperature threshold value T0 pair
Ratio, meanwhile, voltage that single chip machine controlling circuit returns accumulator voltage detecting circuit collection and system
Preset voltage value U11, U1, U111, U22, U2, U222, U33, U3, U333 compare；Root
Control battery charging circuit according to comparative result to charge a battery.
In above-mentioned charger, preferably battery charging circuit include resistance R12, R13, R14,
R15, R16, R17, R18, audion Q2, Q4, field effect transistor Q3, electric capacity C11 and voltage stabilizing two pole
Pipe DZ1；The base stage of audion Q2 one end with resistance R13 and R14 respectively is connected, and audion Q2 sends out
Emitter-base bandgap grading is connected with one end of resistance R12, the colelctor electrode of audion Q2 through resistance R15 respectively with resistance R16
Connect with electric capacity C11 one end, the negative pole of Zener diode DZ1 and field effect transistor Q3 grid；Resistance R12
Another termination Switching Power Supply positive pole with R13；Resistance R16, electric capacity C11 and Zener diode DZ1 are in parallel
Connect, Zener diode DZ1 plus earth；The drain electrode of field effect transistor Q3 connects battery terminal negative, field effect
Pipe Q3 source electrode connects Switching Power Supply negative pole；The colelctor electrode of audion Q4 is connected with the other end of resistance R14,
The base stage of audion Q4 is connected with one end of resistance R17 and resistance R18, the emitter stage of audion Q4 and electricity
The resistance R18 other end connects and connects Switching Power Supply negative pole；The resistance R17 other end and single chip machine controlling circuit
PWM originating port connects.
In above-mentioned charger, preferably reverse-connection preventing circuit includes diode D1, D3 and protective tube F1,
The positive pole of diode D3 is connected with the negative pole of Switching Power Supply input, and ground connection；Diode D3's is negative
Pole is connected with the positive pole of diode D1 and the positive pole of Switching Power Supply input；The negative pole of diode D1 with
One end of protective tube F1 connects, and the other end of protective tube F1 is connected with the positive pole of accumulator.
In above-mentioned charger, preferably in accumulator voltage detecting circuit between AD sampling and accumulator
It is connected to linear optical coupling isolator U2, it is achieved light-coupled isolation is protected
Advantages of the present invention with effect is:
1, the present invention is by gathering the state of accumulator, different to accumulator according to the state gathered
Charging modes, can substantially increase accumulator charge efficiency, also accumulator and charger be had guarantor
The effect protected；
2, the present invention is interval by being provided with buffer voltagc on the critical voltage between different charging modes,
Prevent charging voltage in charging process to come and go at critical voltage to hover, impact charging；
3, the present invention is provided with temperature sensing circuit, can detect the temperature of accumulator and charger in real time
Degree, prevents temperature height from accumulator and charger are caused damage.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the charger construction block diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the battery charging circuit schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the reverse-connection preventing circuit schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the Switching Power Supply constant-current source circuit schematic diagram of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
A kind of accumulator charging method, comprises the steps:
Step 1: charger charging inlet is connected with accumulator charging inlet, reverse-connection preventing circuit judges
Whether charger connects instead with the polarity of accumulator, prevents charger and accumulator from connecing opposition accumulator and causes
Damage.
Step 2: when charger and the reverse polarity connection of accumulator, alarm lamp is reported to the police, stopped filling
Electricity, notifies that user processes in time, is then back to step 1.When the polarity of charger with accumulator does not has
Connect inverse time, enter next step.
Step 3: detection accumulator and charging device temperature, and the temperature of detection and default
Temperature threshold T0 contrasts, when the temperature of accumulator and charging device is too high, and the charging to accumulator
Bad impact will be caused, so to detect the temperature of accumulator and charging device in real time, wherein
T0 is accumulator and the unaffected maximum temperature value that can bear of charging device performance.
Step 4: when the temperature of detection is more than the temperature threshold T0 of default, alarm lamp
Report to the police, suspend charging, return step 3；Until when the temperature of detection is less than or equal to default
During temperature threshold T0, start charging, enter next step.
Step 5: accumulator is carried out voltage sample, the voltage U0 gathered and systemic presupposition voltage
Value U11, U1, U111, U22, U2, U222, U33, U3, U333 compare, wherein
U11 < U1 < U111 < U22 < U2 < U222 < U33 < U3 < U333, U0 is collection voltage, U11, U1, U111,
U22, U2, U222, U33, U3, U333 are the boundary voltages that systemic presupposition is fixed.Wherein, voltage zone
Between (U11, U111) interval as the buffering of voltage U1, voltage range (U22, U222) conduct
The buffering of voltage U2 is interval, and voltage range (U33, U333) is interval as the buffering of voltage U3,
U1, U2, U3 are the critical voltage values of accumulator charging modes saltus step, according to the electric power storage of different model
The U1 that pond sets, U2, U3 can be different.Wherein, U1 is generally as voltage range (U11, U111)
Intermediate value, U2 as the intermediate value of voltage range (U22, U222), U3 as voltage range (U33,
U333) intermediate value.The magnitude of voltage of U1, U2, U3 does not the most make concrete restriction,
Because applicant measures U1 corresponding to accumulator finding unlike signal, U2, U3 through great many of experiments
Magnitude of voltage the most different.U3 is charging maximum voltage value, must not exceed, because can be negative during charging
Polar board surface generates hydrogen, and when charging voltage is relatively low, the hydrogen of generation is less, at the battery sealed
Oxygen that interior meeting and positive plate generate produces chemical reaction, becomes water and returns and go inside electrolyte, this
It is normal.But when charging voltage reaches 2.45V, hydrogen will acutely generate, and generates the most in a large number
Oxygen together with now a large amount of hydrogen generated, can make that cell internal pressure is abnormal to be raised, relief valve
Door has closed incessantly, now, just has a large amount of gas and escapes, cause serious dehydration.
Step 6: as U0 < U11, uses constant-current charge method to be charged accumulator, and accumulator is charged
Carrying out according to the size of current of 0.1C, C refers to the rated capacity of battery.Such it is advantageous in that battery
Tolerance range, ensure battery charging rate on the premise of, extend battery charge lifetimes.When
U11 < U0 < during U111, keeps original mise-a-la-masse method to be charged.When U11 < U0 < during U22, uses
Frequency is that accumulator is charged by the pulse charging method of P, and P is generally 4-6HZ, is usually at lead
In accumulator, applicant is measured from through substantial amounts of experimental data, but according to the electric power storage of different model
Pond, the frequency selected may be different.When U22 < U0 < during U222, keeps original mise-a-la-masse method to fill
Electricity.When U222 < U0 < during U33, using frequency is that accumulator is charged by the pulse charging method of P/2,
Owing to the electric energy in accumulator increases, the charging rate that accumulator can bear also can be slack-off.Pass through arteries and veins
Rush the change of PWM output waveform to change further from electricity frequency, it is achieved become P/2 from frequency P.When
U22 < U0 < during U222, keeps original mise-a-la-masse method to be charged or original alarm condition.When
U333 < U0, alarm lamp is reported to the police, and charges and stops.
When U11 < U0 < during U111, and when U0 gathers voltage for charging is first, uses constant-current charge method
Accumulator is charged.When U22 < U0 < during U222, and when U0 gathers voltage for charging is first,
Accumulator is charged by the pulse charging method using frequency to be P.When U22 < U0 < during U222, and
When U0 gathers voltage for charging is first, alarm lamp is reported to the police, and charging stops.
Voltage range (U11, U111), (U22, U222) and (U33, U333) forms one
The buffering of critical voltage is interval so that does not haves the situation that left and right skew is hovered, improves charge efficiency,
Accumulator and charger are all had the effect of protection.
Such as < during U11, use constant-current charge method that accumulator is carried out as the voltage U0 gathered for the first time
Charging, the voltage U11 < U0 gathered when second time < during U111, or uses constant-current charge method to electric power storage
Pond is charged；Otherwise, < during U22, use frequency is P's to the voltage U11 < U0 gathered for the first time
Accumulator is charged by pulse charging method, and the voltage U11 < U0 gathered when second time < during U111, goes back
It is that accumulator is charged by the pulse charging method using frequency to be P.
A kind of battery charger based on above-mentioned charging method, as it is shown in figure 1, include temperature detection
Circuit, reverse-connection preventing circuit, battery tension display circuit, accumulator voltage detecting circuit, accumulator
Charging circuit, Switching Power Supply constant-current source, single chip machine controlling circuit and warning indicating circuit；Wherein, open
Close power supply constant current source to power to each circuit；Reverse-connection preventing circuit detection charger with the polarity of accumulator is
No connect anti-；The temperature of temperature sensing circuit detection accumulator, and detection temperature is passed to Single-chip Controlling
Circuit；Accumulator voltage detecting circuit gathers the voltage of accumulator, and passes to single-chip microcomputer gathering voltage
Control circuit；The temperature that single chip machine controlling circuit detects temperature sensing circuit and former design temperature threshold value
T0 contrast, meanwhile, the voltage that single chip machine controlling circuit returns accumulator voltage detecting circuit collection with
Systemic presupposition magnitude of voltage U11, U1, U111, U22, U2, U222, U33, U3, U333 compare；
Control battery charging circuit according to comparative result to charge a battery.
Battery charging circuit, as in figure 2 it is shown, include resistance R12, R13, R14, R15, R16,
R17, R18, audion Q2, Q4, field effect transistor Q3, electric capacity C11 and Zener diode DZ1.Three poles
The base stage of pipe Q2 one end with resistance R13 and R14 respectively is connected, the emitter stage of audion Q2 and resistance
One end of R12 connects, the colelctor electrode of audion Q2 through resistance R15 respectively with resistance R16 and electric capacity C11 mono-
End, the negative pole of Zener diode DZ1 and field effect transistor Q3 grid connect, and audion Q2 is PNP triode.
Another termination Switching Power Supply positive pole of resistance R12 and R13.Resistance R16, electric capacity C11 and Zener diode
DZ1 is connected in parallel, and Zener diode DZ1 plus earth, Zener diode DZ1 is mainly to field effect transistor
Q3 protects.The drain electrode of field effect transistor Q3 connects battery terminal negative, and field effect transistor Q3 source electrode connects Switching Power Supply
Negative pole.The colelctor electrode of audion Q4 is connected with the other end of resistance R14, the base stage of audion Q4 and electricity
Resistance R17 and resistance R18 one end connect, the emitter stage of audion Q4 be connected with the resistance R18 other end and
Connecing Switching Power Supply negative pole, audion Q4 is NPN type triode.The resistance R17 other end and Single-chip Controlling
Circuit PWM originating port connects.When signal input is high level, audion Q4 turns on, and Q2 leads
Logical, field effect transistor Q3 turns on, then Switching Power Supply is equivalent to connect directly to lead-acid battery, is and fills
Electricity condition；When signal input is low level, audion Q4 is obstructed, and Q2 is obstructed, field effect transistor Q3
Obstructed, then Switching Power Supply is equivalent to disconnect directly to lead-acid battery, is stopping charged state.Logical
Cross the control of input unlike signal, it is achieved carry out the control under different conditions to it.
Reverse-connection preventing circuit, as it is shown on figure 3, include diode D1, D3 and protective tube F1, diode
The positive pole of D3 is connected with the negative pole of Switching Power Supply input, and ground connection；The negative pole of diode D3 and two
The positive pole of pole pipe D1 and the positive pole of Switching Power Supply input connect；The negative pole of diode D1 and protective tube
One end of F1 connects, and the other end of protective tube F1 is connected with the positive pole of accumulator.Anti-reverse protection electricity
Road be the unilateral conduction utilizing diode to realize anti-reverse protection, wherein diode D1 prevents exactly
Only lead-acid battery connects instead, in case causing burning of whole control circuit.
Accumulator voltage detecting circuit, as shown in Figure 4, mainly include linear optical coupling isolator U2,
Electric capacity C6, resistance 10 and resistance 11, electric capacity C6 and resistance 10 are connected in parallel and realize AD sampling,
In order to whole circuit well being protected, sampling with the indirect linear optocoupler of accumulator every
The effect isolating the big electric current micro-electric current of impact is primarily served from device U2, linear optical coupling isolator U2,
Field fiber uses the most, but in the present invention, the test of many times through applicant sums up at this
Linear optical coupling isolator U2 is used to play good protected effect.This circuit is advantageous in that effectively
The ground having isolated accumulator and the ground of control circuit, and allow single-chip microcomputer precisely be coupled by linear photoconductor
The linearity curve characteristic of device reads the voltage of lead-acid battery.It is effectively protected single-chip microcomputer not by accumulator
Unstable power supply burns.
Battery tension display circuit for showing the battery tension that obtains of sampling and gather accumulator,
The temperature etc. of charger.General use charactron or lcd screen etc., mainly for allowing the user can be straight
That sees knows charge condition.
Temperature sensing circuit includes several digital temperature sensor, the temperature acquisition to somewhere
The method using multipoint acquisition to average carries out temperature acquisition to accumulator and charger.
Below preferred embodiment to the invention is illustrated, but the present invention does not limit
In embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art also may be used on the premise of the invention spirit
To make modification or the replacement of all equivalents, modification or the replacement of these equivalents are all contained in the application
In the range of.
Claims (6)
1. an accumulator charging method, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Step 1: connect charging, it is judged that whether charger connects instead with the polarity of accumulator；
Step 2: when charger and the reverse polarity connection of accumulator, alarm lamp is reported to the police, and returns step
Rapid 1；When the polarity of charger Yu accumulator does not connect inverse time, enter next step；
Step 3: detection accumulator and charging device temperature, and the temperature of detection and default
Temperature threshold T0 contrasts, and wherein T0 is accumulator and charging device performance is unaffected can bear
High temperature value；
Step 4: when the temperature of detection is more than the temperature threshold T0 of default, alarm lamp report
Alert, return step 3；When the temperature of detection is less than or equal to the temperature threshold T0 of default, enter
Enter next step；
Step 5: accumulator is carried out voltage sample, the voltage U0 gathered and systemic presupposition magnitude of voltage
U11, U1, U111, U22, U2, U222, U33, U3, U333 compare, wherein
U11 < U1 < U111 < U22 < U2 < U222 < U33 < U3 < U333, U0 is collection voltage, U11, U1, U111,
U22, U2, U222, U33, U3, U333 are the boundary voltages that systemic presupposition is fixed；
Step 6: as U0 < U11, uses constant-current charge method to be charged accumulator, when
U11 < U0 < during U111, keeps original mise-a-la-masse method to be charged, when U11 < U0 < during U22, uses frequency
Rate is that accumulator is charged by the pulse charging method of P, when U22 < U0 < during U222, keeps original
Mise-a-la-masse method is charged, and as U222 < U0, < during U33, using frequency is that the pulse charging method of P/2 is to storage
Battery is charged, when U22 < U0 < during U222, keeps original mise-a-la-masse method to be charged or original
Alarm condition, as U333 < U0, alarm lamp is reported to the police, and charging stops.
A kind of accumulator charging method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 6
In, when U11 < U0 < during U111, and when U0 gathers voltage for charging is first, uses constant-current charge method pair
Accumulator is charged；When U22 < U0 < during U222, and when U0 gathers voltage for charging is first, uses
Frequency is that accumulator is charged by the pulse charging method of P；As U22 < U0, < during U222, and U0 is charging
During first collection voltage, alarm lamp is reported to the police, and charging stops.
3. a kind of battery charger based on charging method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Including temperature sensing circuit, reverse-connection preventing circuit, battery tension display circuit, battery tension detection
Circuit, battery charging circuit, Switching Power Supply constant-current source, single chip machine controlling circuit and warning instruction electricity
Road；Wherein,
Switching Power Supply constant-current source powers to each circuit；
Whether reverse-connection preventing circuit detection charger connects instead with the polarity of accumulator；
The temperature of temperature sensing circuit detection accumulator, and detection temperature is passed to Single-chip Controlling electricity
Road；
Battery tension display circuit is used for showing battery tension；
Battery charging circuit is for controlling the change of battery state of charge；
Accumulator voltage detecting circuit gathers the voltage of accumulator, and passes to single-chip microcomputer control gathering voltage
Circuit processed；
Alert indicating circuit is used for sending chimes of doom and reminds user；
The temperature that single chip machine controlling circuit detects temperature sensing circuit and former design temperature threshold value T0 pair
Ratio, meanwhile, voltage that single chip machine controlling circuit returns accumulator voltage detecting circuit collection and system
Preset voltage value U11, U1, U111, U22, U2, U222, U33, U3, U333 compare；Root
Control battery charging circuit according to comparative result to charge a battery.
A kind of battery charger the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described electric power storage
Pond charging circuit include resistance R12, R13, R14, R15, R16, R17, R18, audion Q2,
Q4, field effect transistor Q3, electric capacity C11 and Zener diode DZ1；The base stage of audion Q2 respectively with resistance
One end of R13 and R14 connects, and the emitter stage of audion Q2 is connected with one end of resistance R12, audion
The colelctor electrode of Q2 through resistance R15 respectively with resistance R16 and electric capacity C11 one end, Zener diode DZ1 negative
Pole and field effect transistor Q3 grid connect；Another termination Switching Power Supply positive pole of resistance R12 and R13；Resistance
R16, electric capacity C11 and Zener diode DZ1 are connected in parallel, Zener diode DZ1 plus earth；Field effect
Pipe Q3 drain electrode should connect battery terminal negative, field effect transistor Q3 source electrode connects Switching Power Supply negative pole；Audion Q4's
Colelctor electrode is connected with the other end of resistance R14, and the base stage of audion Q4 is with resistance R17's and resistance R18
One end connects, and the emitter stage of audion Q4 is connected with the resistance R18 other end and connects Switching Power Supply negative pole；
The resistance R17 other end is connected with single chip machine controlling circuit PWM originating port.
A kind of battery charger the most according to claim 3 and charging method, its feature
It is: described reverse-connection preventing circuit includes diode D1, D3 and protective tube F1, the positive pole of diode D3
It is connected with the negative pole of Switching Power Supply input, and ground connection；The negative pole of diode D3 is with diode D1's
The positive pole of positive pole and Switching Power Supply input connects；The negative pole of diode D1 and one end of protective tube F1
Connecting, the other end of protective tube F1 is connected with the positive pole of accumulator.
A kind of battery charger the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described electric power storage
In cell voltage testing circuit AD sampling with the indirect linear optical coupling isolator U2 of accumulator, it is achieved optocoupler every
From protection.
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| CN105932747B (en) | 2018-09-07 |
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