CN105929220A - Over-current detection circuit - Google Patents
Over-current detection circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN105929220A CN105929220A CN201610244356.9A CN201610244356A CN105929220A CN 105929220 A CN105929220 A CN 105929220A CN 201610244356 A CN201610244356 A CN 201610244356A CN 105929220 A CN105929220 A CN 105929220A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
- G01R19/16504—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the components employed
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Abstract
The invention provides an over-current detection circuit for detecting the overcurrent of a power module. Discrete analog components are employed to form hardware circuits. The over-current detection circuit comprises a signal conversion circuit, a mirror comparison circuit, an electric isolation circuit, a transient latch circuit, and an alarm locking circuit. The invention provides a novel over-current detection circuit, the discrete analog components are employed to form the hardware circuits, and the over-current detection circuit has the advantages of high reliability, high detection precision, fast response speed, and over-current alarm state locking.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to circuit engineering field, relate to circuit current protection technology, be specially a kind of over-current detection circuit.
Background technology
Along with the development of Power Electronic Technique, power model device because of its performance advantage, the advantage such as easy to control and by extensively
Be applied to ac motor speed control by variable frequency device, electric automobile, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, controlling intelligent household appliances, uninterrupted power source
Deng in Related product.Power model device is high frequency switching device, and its internal current density is big, when occurring to flow or short
During the fault of road, the electric current flow through in power device is much larger than rated value, makes power model component pipe core junction temperature raise rapidly,
Ultimately result in power model device to burn.Application shows: warp in the power electronic circuits of application power model device during short circuit
The fault often occurred and the one of the main reasons damaging power model device, and if do not protected after breaking down, merit
Rate module device is by badly damaged.Therefore, must be fast to the short-circuit protection response time of power model device, the most necessary
Protection act is completed within 10 μ s.
Protection work of both overcurrent protection mainly, is on the one hand overcurrent protection during driver overload；On the other hand
It is that the protection under unexpected limiting case occurs, such as driver output phase fault, and output earth short circuit, is named again defeated
Go out short-circuit protection.At present mainly there are two kinds of methods for power model over-current detection:
A kind of is to utilize what power opened the light pipe to move back saturated characteristic.When there is stream, power switch pipe will move out saturation region work
Making state, enter amplification region duty, tube voltage drop also increases to switching tube protection threshold value, the most just triggers drive circuit
On-off switching tube.According to this characteristic of switching tube, there is a lot of producer to develop collection switching tube and driven, cross stream
Protection, even drives under-voltage protection function in the driving optocoupler of one.But this mode collection drives and is protected in one,
It is generally required to use the driving optocoupler of high cost, or building the analog circuit of complexity, protection relative sensitive is timely, but
Relatively costly or circuit is complicated, it is easily subject to external interference impact and produces false alarm, such as utility model
Described in CN202772560U.
Another kind is by sampling three-phase current, and protects respectively according to value of feedback.For an independent phase,
Owing to current sampling data is periodic AC signal, so will protect its positive and negative values, concrete way is
With comparator circuit, its positive and negative values is respectively provided with the protection point of symmetry.When electric current reaches the threshold value set, just trigger ratio
Relatively device exports, and this signal is as the triggering signal of lockout switch pipe, it is achieved the protection of switch tube.But owing to it utilizes
Sample rate current is protected, so will do the protection of positive and negative values for any situation, i.e. needs two comparators,
Or by rectified current, ac sampling signal carried out rectification, but each phase will be designed with special process circuit,
And three road signals carry out computing the most at last, export a road over-current signal, thus inevitably use substantial amounts of electronics device
Part, this will occupy bigger veneer area, and reliability is the highest, is easily subject to external interference, such as patent of invention
Described in CN103066819A.For this situation, current sample point is chosen and changes bus minus side into, so have only to one
Over-current signal just can be monitored by place's sampled point, and a kind of polarity of sampled signal, do not differentiating between quick current-limiting
On the premise of protection and limit protection, it is thus only necessary to an amplifier can be realized as detection and the protection of stream.But, mesh
Front currently existing scheme all uses the mode that malleation detects, on the premise of the most additionally increasing by a road insulating power supply, Zhi Nengtong
Cross and expand the mode of switching tube drive circuit and realize, coupling of drive circuit and loop of power circuit, impact so can be caused to switch
The reliability that pipe drives, such as described in utility model CN202094613U and CN203553904U.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: existing relatively costly for power model over-current detection or circuit is complicated,
Easily wrong report, reliability is not enough.
The technical scheme is that a kind of over-current detection circuit, for power model over-current detection, use discrete simulation
Device builds hardware circuit, including the signaling conversion circuit being sequentially connected with, mirror image comparison circuit, electrical isolation circuit, wink
State latch cicuit and warning lockout circuit, signaling conversion circuit for being converted to voltage letter by detected current signal linear
Number, the sampling resistor of signaling conversion circuit is positioned at the negative pole junction of dc bus negative pole and power model；Image ratio is more electric
Road is used for realizing current mirror and compares, and carries out over-current detection；Electrical isolation circuit is used for realizing forceful electric power signal and weak electric signal
Isolation；Transient state latch cicuit is for latching instantaneous over-current state, and warning lockout circuit is receiving transient state latch cicuit
Over-current state signal alarm, and the pwm signal of direct lockout switch pipe.
Mirror image comparison circuit includes low-pass filter circuit and audion mirror image circuit, and the electric current of input is adopted by low-pass filter circuit
Sample signal is filtered processing, and the resistance in low-pass filter circuit was that stream thresholding regulates resistance, regulated by crossing stream thresholding
The over-current detection that the different thresholdings of realization are set of resistance, the output input audion mirror image circuit of low-pass filter circuit, carry out
Image ratio relatively, exports comparative result.
Electrical isolation circuit is high speed photo coupling, and described high speed photo coupling is less than 1 μ s switch time.
Further, transient state latch cicuit is rest-set flip-flop, uses NAND gate to build rest-set flip-flop, at rest-set flip-flop
Input be stream alarm signal, be also devised with RC low-pass filter circuit, the input of RC low pass filter for remove
Alarm signal, and do drop-down process.
The method have the advantages that
1, in the design to current sample point, compare scheme with the malleation of the over-current detection circuit of prior art compared with,
The present invention uses negative pressure to compare scheme.On the premise of the most additionally increasing by a road insulating power supply, it is possible to effectively reduce switching tube
Drive circuit, it is to avoid drive circuit couples with loop of power circuit, improve switching tube drive reliability；
2, over-current detection circuit of the present invention uses discrete analog device to realize, low cost；
3, accuracy of detection of the present invention is high, fast response time, it is possible to detect over-current phenomenon avoidance lockout switch pipe in 5 μ s
PWM；
4, current detection circuit of the present invention once captures overcurrent condition, the shape that will always maintain switching tube PWM to block
State, until receiving removing alarm signal, state of just lifting a blockade, equipment continues to run with, it is possible in reliably protecting equipment
Power device.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the circuit block diagram of over-current detection circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of signaling conversion circuit.
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of mirror image comparison circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of transient state latch cicuit of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of novel over-current detection circuit, uses discrete analog device to build hardware circuit, has reliable
Property high, accuracy of detection high, response speed fast, crosses the features such as stream alarm condition latch, including the signal conversion being sequentially connected with
Circuit, mirror image comparison circuit, electrical isolation circuit, transient state latch cicuit and 5 parts of warning lockout circuit, such as Fig. 1
Shown in.
Power model overall output current is through the over-current detection circuit of the signaling conversion circuit input present invention, and concrete scheme is such as
Under:
Current signal linear as checked object, by accurate sampling resistor, is converted to voltage signal by signaling conversion circuit,
Sampling resistor can there be is different required precisions according to concrete current measurement precision, it is generally required to use 1% and above essence
The resistance of degree is used as sampling.In the present invention, the sampling resistor in designed signaling conversion circuit is positioned at dc bus negative pole and merit
The negative pole junction of rate module, position at A in Fig. 2, under nominal situation, current signal flows to mother from power model negative pole
Line negative pole.Under the every road of power model, the scheme of sampling resistor at brachium pontis, is separately designed, at B in Fig. 2 compared to other
Position, not only reduces the quantity of Sampling device, reduces cost, and avoids the post processing electric circuit of complexity.
Mirror image comparison circuit uses 2 groups of transistor circuits to realize current mirror to compare function, when the current sampling signal of input
After exceeding certain threshold values, the current mirror of transistor circuit compares computing can externally export certain current signal, drives
Audion Q1 is open-minded, switches output signal level.Concrete circuit theory diagrams are as it is shown on figure 3, R1 and C1 structure in figure
Become RC low pass filter to be filtered processing to the current sample result of input, wherein change R1 and can change image ratio
The threshold value of relatively electric current, coordinates the type selecting of sampling resistor to be capable of the setting of the thresholding to over-current protection point.
Electrical isolation circuit realizes the isolation of forceful electric power signal and weak electric signal by high speed photo coupling.This part receives image ratio relatively
The voltage signal of circuit output, according to different voltage input signal level, exports corresponding level signal in optical coupling secondary edges.
Transient state latch cicuit latches instantaneous over-current state by rest-set flip-flop.Due to the effect of protective measure, cross stream letter
Number being usually the most instantaneous pulse, its state is difficult to persistently, and after crossing stream generation, and equipment is it is generally required to shutdown inspection, no
Can repeated priming, cross flow, restart, after the process of stream, the existence of this circuit it can be avoided that the generation of above-mentioned situation,
Can the effective related power device in protection equipment.As shown in Figure 4, the present invention uses NAND gate structure to concrete schematic diagram
Build rest-set flip-flop, remove alarm signal in the case of not enabling, remain low level.When over-current phenomenon avoidance occurs in system,
Light-coupled isolation part will export a low level signal, and rest-set flip-flop can capture and keep this signal, maintains and reports to the police
Over-current signal exports high level signal all the time, and over-current detection circuit was in stream alarm condition, connects until removing alarm signal
Receive low level, i.e. rest-set flip-flop is reset, and reset whole alarm circuit, alarm release.Owing to removing alarm signal
Whole over-current detection loop is had reset function, and therefore the reset mouth in the input port of this signal, i.e. rest-set flip-flop sets
In respect of RC low-pass filter circuit, and do drop-down process, to prevent misoperation, improve the stability of circuit.
Warning lockout circuit can be when crossing stream warning and occurring, the reliably pwm signal of lockout switch pipe, it is to avoid switch
Pipe damages, and prior art realizes the circuit of lockout switch pipe a lot of mode, and I will not elaborate for the present invention.It is said that in general,
When overcurrent condition occurs in system, equipment needs to shut down as early as possible, the safety of open the light with protection pipe and other devices, it is to avoid occur
Damage.With prior art, alarm signal fed back to master control system, then stopped sending PWM drive signal not by main controller
With, the present invention uses the mode of hardware circuit design, and when there is overcurrent condition, over-current detection loop can be from hardware side
Face direct lockout switch pwm signal, it is to avoid the time delay introduced by controller block PWM drive signal,
Compared to existing technology, the invention have the characteristics that:
1) the newly-designed discrete analog device circuit of the present invention, uses the scheme of detection of negative pressure, it is possible to for instantaneous overcurrent
Signal carries out latching and have hardware lockout and drives the function of signal, and sampling precision is high, fast response time；
2) present invention uses discrete analog device to build hardware circuit, compares existing over-current detection circuit, devises mirror image
Comparison circuit and transient state latch cicuit carry out the output of detection and testing result, use audion electricity in mirror image comparison circuit
Road realizes mirror image comparison circuit, uses NAND gate device to realize rest-set flip-flop function in transient state latch cicuit, and the present invention is not
Need the driving optocoupler of high cost, or build the analog circuit of complexity, can be achieved with sensitive protecting timely；
3) present invention was designed with stream thresholding regulation resistance in mirror image comparison circuit, was capable of by the setting of this resistance
The over-current detection function of different thresholdings, flexible relevance grade is high；
4) present invention uses the scheme that negative pressure compares, and the power reference point of over-current detection is identical with power model negative pole, relatively
Scheme is compared, it is possible on the premise of the most additionally increasing by a road insulating power supply, effectively reduce driving of switching tube in tradition malleation
Dynamic loop, it is to avoid drive circuit couples with loop of power circuit；
5) circuit structure of the present invention is simple, and wherein isolating device selects high speed photo coupling, and digital device uses high-speed chip, inspection
Survey precision is high, fast response time；
6) the transient state latch cicuit in circuit of the present invention, when testing circuit captures over-current signal, even if this over-current signal is held
The continuous time is the shortest, and transient state latch cicuit also is able to capture and latches this over-current signal, and maintains alarm condition, until outside
Circuit is by warning clear signal reset detection circuit；
7) the warning lockout circuit in circuit of the present invention, when the detection of transient state latch cicuit captures over-current signal, block of reporting to the police
Circuit externally sends warning, and meanwhile, warning lockout circuit synchronizes switch tube and drives signal to carry out block process, from hardware
Aspect actively block, fast response time.
Claims (4)
1. an over-current detection circuit, for power model over-current detection, is characterized in that using discrete analog device to build
Hardware circuit, latches electricity including the signaling conversion circuit being sequentially connected with, mirror image comparison circuit, electrical isolation circuit, transient state
Road and warning lockout circuit, signaling conversion circuit is for being converted to voltage signal, signal by detected current signal linear
The sampling resistor of change-over circuit is positioned at the negative pole junction of dc bus negative pole and power model；Mirror image comparison circuit is for real
Existing current mirror compares, and carries out over-current detection；Electrical isolation circuit is for realizing the isolation of forceful electric power signal and weak electric signal；
Transient state latch cicuit is for latching instantaneous over-current state, and warning lockout circuit is receiving the stream shape excessively of transient state latch cicuit
State signal alarm, and the pwm signal of direct lockout switch pipe.
A kind of over-current detection circuit the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that mirror image comparison circuit includes low pass filtered
Wave circuit and audion mirror image circuit, the current sampling signal of input is filtered processing by low-pass filter circuit, low pass filtered
Resistance in wave circuit was that stream thresholding regulates resistance, by crossing the mistake arranging the different thresholdings of realization of stream thresholding regulation resistance
Stream detection, the output input audion mirror image circuit of low-pass filter circuit, carry out image ratio relatively, export comparative result.
A kind of over-current detection circuit the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that electrical isolation circuit is high speed photo coupling,
Described high speed photo coupling is less than 1 μ s switch time.
A kind of over-current detection circuit the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that transient state latch cicuit is rest-set flip-flop,
Using NAND gate to build rest-set flip-flop, the input at rest-set flip-flop was stream alarm signal, was also devised with RC low pass filtered
Ripple device circuit, the input of RC low pass filter is for removing alarm signal, and does drop-down process.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610244356.9A CN105929220A (en) | 2016-04-19 | 2016-04-19 | Over-current detection circuit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610244356.9A CN105929220A (en) | 2016-04-19 | 2016-04-19 | Over-current detection circuit |
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| CN105929220A true CN105929220A (en) | 2016-09-07 |
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| CN201610244356.9A Pending CN105929220A (en) | 2016-04-19 | 2016-04-19 | Over-current detection circuit |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107959277A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-04-24 | 上海空间电源研究所 | Satellite load input terminal Over Current Protection System |
| CN108957271A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2018-12-07 | 许继集团有限公司 | A kind of IGBT driving over current fault monitoring method and device |
| CN109830946A (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2019-05-31 | 漳州科华技术有限责任公司 | The double power tube current-limiting circuits of double-bus and chip and electronic equipment |
| CN110061476A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-07-26 | 江苏凯创电子科技有限公司 | Power supply device with overcurrent protection |
| CN110474304A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-11-19 | 上海空间电源研究所 | A kind of Magnetic isolation formula high voltage bus high-speed response current foldback circuit |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108957271A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2018-12-07 | 许继集团有限公司 | A kind of IGBT driving over current fault monitoring method and device |
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| CN109830946A (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2019-05-31 | 漳州科华技术有限责任公司 | The double power tube current-limiting circuits of double-bus and chip and electronic equipment |
| CN109830946B (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2020-10-16 | 漳州科华技术有限责任公司 | Double-bus double-power tube current limiting circuit, chip and electronic equipment |
| CN110061476A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-07-26 | 江苏凯创电子科技有限公司 | Power supply device with overcurrent protection |
| CN110474304A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-11-19 | 上海空间电源研究所 | A kind of Magnetic isolation formula high voltage bus high-speed response current foldback circuit |
| CN110474304B (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2021-09-07 | 上海空间电源研究所 | Magnetic isolation type high-speed response overcurrent protection circuit for high-voltage bus |
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Inventor after: Dai Angang Inventor after: Yao Tian Inventor after: Zhang Rui Inventor after: Xu Xiaojun Inventor after: Yin Wei Inventor before: Dai Angang |
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