CN105926007A - Water leaching-flotation method for recovering carbons and electrolytes from waste cathode carbon blocks in aluminum electrolysis cell - Google Patents
Water leaching-flotation method for recovering carbons and electrolytes from waste cathode carbon blocks in aluminum electrolysis cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN105926007A CN105926007A CN201610363882.7A CN201610363882A CN105926007A CN 105926007 A CN105926007 A CN 105926007A CN 201610363882 A CN201610363882 A CN 201610363882A CN 105926007 A CN105926007 A CN 105926007A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F11/00—Compounds of calcium, strontium, or barium
- C01F11/20—Halides
- C01F11/22—Fluorides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
Abstract
The invention discloses a water leaching-flotation method for recovering carbons and electrolytes from waste cathode carbon blocks in an aluminum electrolysis cell. The method comprises the following steps: (1) the cathode carbon blocks are crushed and milled to powder; (2) the cathode carbon powder obtained after the treatment in the step (1) is leached in water for filtration to obtain a filter cake A1 and filtrate B1; a precipitant is fed in the filtrate B1 for filtration to obtain a filter cake A2 and filtrate B2; and (3) the filter cake A1, the filter cake A2, a flotation medium and flotation medicament are mixed to for pulping, flotation and separation to obtain the carbons and the electrolytes; the flotation medicament includes a capturing agent, a foaming agent and a conditioning agent, wherein the capturing agent consists of a capturing agent C1 and a capturing agent C2 with a mass ratio of 0.65-0.75: 0.25-0.35; the capturing agent C1 is at least one of coal tar, heavy oil, kerosene and diesel oil; and the capturing agent C2 is at least one of lauryl amine, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium oleate and sodium dodecyl sulfate. The method realizes effective separation and recovery of the carbon powder and the electrolytes from the waste cathode carbon blocks.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to carbon field of waste recycle, be specifically related to a kind of negative electrode from aluminum cell waste
Carbon block reclaims charcoal and the water logging-method for floating of electrolyte.
Background technology
In the world, metallic aluminium has become as the important foundation material of the national economic development.But at electricity
Solve in aluminum production process, owing to being corroded by electrolyte, often produce 1 ton of electrolytic aluminium, it will produce
The waste and old cathode carbon block of about 10kg, this becomes solid pollutant main in aluminium electroloysis industry.With
As a example by 2015, China's electrolytic aluminium yield has reached 31,410,000 tons, produces waste and old cathode carbon block 30
More than ten thousand tons, its enormous amount is very important.
Aluminium electroloysis produce waste and old cathode carbon block in, be mainly composed of charcoal, cryolite, sodium fluoride,
Aluminium oxide, aluminium fluoride, and a small amount of aluminium carbide, sodium carbide and a small amount of cyanide.Current China
Process waste and old cathode carbon block and mainly use stacking or the method for security landfill.But waste and old cathode carbon block
Middle charcoal accounts for 50%～70% and high-graphitized, and remaining is the electrolyte based on cryolite, all
Being available resource, cryolite resource the most therein is seriously deficient, the separation to them
Recovery has preferable economic benefit.Therefore, the recycling of waste and old cathode carbon block has preferable sending out
Exhibition prospect.
At present, waste and old cathode carbon block separation and recovery charcoal and the method for electrolyte have floatation, roasting method,
Pyrohydrolytic method, acidization etc..Wherein, there is high energy in roasting method, pyrohydrolytic method, acidization etc.
Consumption, the problem of high acid and alkali consumption.To this end, patent 01138204.X, 201010140908.4,
201410561966.2 propose to use floatations to separate and recover waste and old cathode carbon block, to powdered carbon and
Electrolyte is efficiently separated, and after multistage flotation, in electrolyte, powdered carbon content is only 5%～10%,
The problems referred to above can be efficiently solved.But, floatation process Chinese medicine consumption is big, flotation progression many and
Flotation waste water needs to process.
As, the Chinese patent literature of Publication No. CN101811695A discloses a kind of from electrolytic aluminium waste
The method reclaiming graphite in cathode carbon pieces, comprises the following steps: (1) crushing and grinding: electrolytic aluminium waste is cloudy
Pole carbon block smashing grinding accounts for 50～90% to-0.074mm；(2) water logging: by the waste cathode carbon after grinding
Block is put in water, is made into the slurry that mass percent concentration is 10～50%, extraction temperature 20～90 DEG C,
Leaching 10～filtration washing after 180 minutes, leachate uses evaporation mode to obtain sodium fluoride, steams
Distilled water reuse；(3) flotation: the filter cake obtained after water logging is carried out flotation, and flotation froth is filtrated to get and contains
The powdered carbon of a small amount of fluoride, flotation Water circulation；(4) acidleach: powdered carbon flotation obtained joins quality
Concentration be 10～70% sulfuric acid solution in, sulfuric acid solution consumption is 380～1000kg/t waste cathode carbons
Block, stirs 10～90 minutes at a temperature of 20～90 DEG C；Filter after completion of the reaction, filter cake is entered
Row washing, drying to obtain graphite powder.The method uses the one-component of kerosene or diesel oil as collecting
Agent, needs through repeatedly roughly selecting, and flotation efficiency is low, weak effect, and the medicament usage amount of processing procedure is big,
Processing procedure produces more waste water.
Summary of the invention
Big in order to solve existing waste and old cathode carbon block floatation process Chinese medicine consumption, the skills such as flotation progression is many
Art problem, the invention provides a kind of recovery powdered carbon and electrolysis from the cathode carbon pieces of aluminum cell waste
Water logging-the method for floating of matter, to reach at less dosing, in the case of less flotation progression also
The purity of good powdered carbon and the purpose of the response rate can be ensured.
A kind of recovery charcoal and water logging-flotation side of electrolyte from the cathode carbon pieces of aluminum cell waste
Method, comprises the following steps:
Step (1): cathode carbon pieces is broken, grinding；
Step (2): the negative electrode powdered carbon obtained after step (1) being processed stirs in water, leaches, subsequently
It is filtrated to get filter cake A1 and liquor B 1；
Step (3): filter cake A1 and floating agent are mixed and sizes mixing, flotation, separation, flotation froth
Product is charcoal, and flotation tailing is electrolyte；Described floating agent includes collecting agent, foaming agent and tune
Joint agent；Wherein, described collecting agent by the collecting agent C1 that mass ratio is 0.65-0.75: 0.25-0.35 and
Collecting agent C2 forms；Collecting agent C1 is selected from least in coal tar, heavy oil, kerosene, diesel oil
Kind, collecting agent C2 is selected from lauryl amine, dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate, enuatrol, dodecyl sodium sulfonate
At least one in sodium.
In the present invention, described Soaking treatment and described floating agent work in coordination with raising flotation, the efficiency of separation
And effect, improve the charcoal response rate of cathode carbon pieces and reclaim the purity of charcoal, reducing floatation process medicament
Usage amount.Compared to existing flotation recovery method, dosing is few, easy and simple to handle；Processing procedure without
Need to consume more heat transfer, energy consumption is relatively low.
In step (1), cathode carbon pieces is broken, grinding to-200 mesh accounts for more than 80%.
The electrolyte among cathode carbon pieces crack and hole and raw material of wood-charcoal can be will be distributed over by physics is broken
Material dissociates.Under described grain diameter, the water logging effect of step (2) can be improved, and then improve step
Suddenly the flotation effect of (3), reaches to improve the response rate and the purpose of purity of charcoal.
As preferably, in step (1), first use jaw crusher that cathode carbon pieces is crushed to-30mm,
Being crushed to-2mm with fine crusher again, finally employing ball mill grinding is to granularity to 200 mesh, its
In-200 mesh account for more than 80%.
Further preferably, in step (1), cathode carbon pieces is broken, the granule of grinding to-200 mesh
Account for the 85-90% of total particle weight.
In step (2), powdered carbon and the ratio of water, temperature, mixing time, mixing speed interacts,
Promoting water logging efficiency, that improves above-mentioned reaction carries out degree.
In step (2), negative electrode powdered carbon and water are made into slurry according to solid-liquid mass ratio 1: 6～8, and in temperature
40～80 DEG C, leach under conditions of rotating speed 60～120r/min, extraction time is 30-60min.
As preferably, in step (2), extraction temperature is 40～60 DEG C, and mixing speed is 90～110r/min,
The leaching time is 40-50min.
After Soaking treatment terminates, filtration treatment obtains filter cake A1 and liquor B 1；Liquor B 1 contains
Soluble fluoride ion.
In order to improve the response rate of electrolyte in cathode carbon pieces, as preferably, in step (2), go back
Including: in liquor B 1, add precipitant, be filtrated to get filter cake A2 and liquor B 2；Filter cake A2
Merge with filter cake A1 and carry out step (3).
Adding precipitant in liquor B 1 and carry out precipitation, described precipitant is that solubility product is more than
CaF2Calcium containing compound, be mainly used in the F-of precipitation filtrates B1, the reaction that precipitant participates in is:
Ca2++ 2F-=CaF2↓
As preferably, in step (2), described precipitant is CaO, CaCl2、Ca(OH)2Extremely
Few one, the consumption of described precipitant be step (1) cathode carbon pieces in soluble fluoride material
1.05～1.1 times of amount.
After precipitation terminates, charcoal is reclaimed in filter cake A1 (or/and filter cake A2 merges) flotation.Flotation is tied
Shu Hou, upper strata is charcoal and lower floor is electrolyte.
In step (3), adopt and use water as flotation medium and carry out sizing mixing process, wherein, filter cake A1 and
The gross weight of filter cake A2 and the mass ratio of water are 1: 10～20.If liquor B 1 not being carried out precipitation process,
I.e. during sizing mixing in step (3), the weight of filter cake A1 and the mass ratio of water are 1: 10～20.
As preferably, the liquor B 2 that step (2) obtains is applied to step (3) process of sizing mixing and/
Or the leaching process of step (2).
Liquor B 1 processes through precipitant, is stripped of more F-, the liquor B 2 obtained can direct circulation
It is applied in step (2) and/or step (3), it is possible to decrease making of the solvent of cathode carbon pieces removal process
Consumption.Concentrate additionally, liquor B 2 may also pass through prior art, reclaim the calcium containing compound of excess,
Concentrate the condensed water recycling collected and be applied to the water preparation of step (2), the sizing mixing of step (3)
Process.Liquor B 2 is applied to the process of sizing mixing, and can realize the closed cycle in whole processing procedure, joint
About water consumption.
Liquor B 2 is applied to step (3) front dilute with water, and as preferably, the volume of liquor B 2 is little
In or equal to 0.8 times of thinned water volume.
As preferably, in step (3), during sizing mixing, the gross weight of filter cake A1 and filter cake A2 with
The mass ratio of flotation medium is 1: 10～15.Described flotation medium is the water dilution of water or liquor B 2
Liquid.
In floatation process, described floating agent has bigger shadow to the separation and recovery of charcoal and electrolyte
Ringing, the collecting agent that the present invention uses is that described quality is than collecting agent C1 and the compositions of collecting agent C2.
By collecting agent C1 and collecting agent C2 combination, coordinated, make collecting agent and other medicine
Agent is uniformly dispersed in ore pulp, contributes to reducing dosing, enhances the efficiency of a flotation, enter
And decrease flotation progression.
As preferably, on the basis of cathode carbon pieces weight, described collector dosage is 100～600g/t.
Further preferably, in described collecting agent, collecting agent C1 is kerosene and the diesel oil of mass ratio 1-2: 1
Mixture；Collecting agent C2 be mass ratio be 1: 1-1.5 dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate and enuatrol mixing
Thing.Under this preferred feed, on the basis of cathode carbon pieces weight, described collector dosage is
200～500g/t.
As preferably, described foaming agent is selected from No. two oil, Oleum Camphora, methyl isobutyl carbinol, mixes
Close at least one in fatty alcohol；On the basis of cathode carbon pieces weight, described frother dosages is
50～120g/t.
Further preferably, described foaming agent is No. two oil and the Oleum Camphora mixture of mass ratio 1.5-2: 1.
Under this preferred feed, on the basis of cathode carbon pieces weight, described frother dosages is 100～120g/t.
As preferably, described regulator is waterglass；On the basis of cathode carbon pieces weight, described regulation
Agent consumption is 100～300g/t.Waterglass consumption is preferably 200～300g/t.
In the present invention, g/t be each component in floating agent add unit, all with cathode carbon pieces weight
On the basis of amount, being, cathode carbon pieces per ton adds the corresponding material of corresponding g weight.
In described floating agent, each component and to add proportion the most collaborative, improves flotation effect, joins
Close the Soaking treatment of step (2), the collaborative charcoal improving charcoal and the response rate of electrolyte and recovery pure
Degree.
As preferably, the time that flotation processes is 5-10min.Under the described conditions, flotation is once
Can complete goal of the invention, and flotation time is shorter, relative to prior art, treatment effeciency is high, effect
Good.
The present invention has a following preferable effect:
1, the present invention uses floatation, for existing floatation, due to collecting agent C2
Addition, make collecting agent and other medicament be uniformly dispersed in ore pulp, thus effectively reduce medicine
(collector dosage reduces 100～400g/t to agent consumption, and frother dosages decreases 30～80g/t, regulation
The minimum amount of agent amount ratio current methods is the fewest), enhance the efficiency of a flotation, and then reduce
Flotation progression.
2, the method that the present invention uses water logging, by soluble fluoride ion dissolution, uses calcium containing compound
Being fixed by whole free fluoride ion, during reducing follow-up FLOTATION SEPARATION, free fluoride ion is to floating
Select the impact of process, and during making FLOTATION SEPARATION, fluoride is carried out effective recovery.
3, the floatation that the present invention uses need not follow-up waste water process, and its waste water produced is at stream
Just complete purification in journey, and the fluorion in leachate has been carried out effective recovery, simplify place
Science and engineering sequence.
4, the present invention has exceeded 90% to the response rate of electrolyte, and its purity has reached industrial electrolysis
The requirement of matter, can directly return electrolysis bath and use；The purity of powdered carbon has also reached 85%～90%, returns
Yield is 90%～95%；Achieve the separation and recovery to waste and old cathode carbon block, improve its economic effect
Benefit, and alleviate environmental protection pressure.
Detailed description of the invention
Following example are pressed aforesaid operations method and are implemented, and wherein cathode carbon pieces used is that same composition contains
Amount, phosphorus content is 55.42%, content of fluoride 30.65%.
Embodiment 1
Step (1): broken pulverizing:
Jaw crusher is first used to be crushed to by cathode carbon pieces 1kg aluminum electrolytic tank waste and old cathode carbon block
-30mm, then it is crushed to-2mm with fine crusher, finally use ball mill grinding to granularity to 200
Mesh, wherein-200 mesh account for 80%.
Step (2): water logging is filtered:
The waste and old cathode carbon powder 1kg addition water taking step (1) grinding good is made into slurry (solid-liquid mass ratio
It is 1: 6), under conditions of temperature 40 DEG C, rotating speed 100r/min, soak in stirred leaching tank
Go out, filter after leaching 60min, obtain filter cake A1, liquor B 1；Phase is added in liquor B 1
When in the CaO of soluble fluoride content (or amount of material) 105%, terminating to precipitation, be filtrated to get
Filter cake A2, liquor B 2.
Step (3): flotation:
By the filter cake (filter cake A1 and filter cake A2) in step (2) according to solid-liquid mass ratio be 1: 10 add
In water (flotation medium), add the collecting agent being made up of 0.45g kerosene and 0.15g enuatrol, foaming agent:
Methyl isobutyl carbinol 0.12g, regulator: waterglass 0.3g；Flotation 10min, in isolated
Layer powdered carbon and lower floor's electrolyte.By calculating, the electrolyte response rate is 90.76%, powdered carbon purity
86.53%, the response rate is 92.91%.
Comparative example 1
Comparing with embodiment 1, difference is, does not carry out the water logging filtration step of step (2), by step
(1) fine powder of milled directly carries out the flotation process of step (3).After flotation terminates, isolated
Upper strata powdered carbon and lower floor's electrolyte.By calculating, the electrolyte response rate is 85.42%, powdered carbon purity
80.63%, the response rate is 86.41%.
Comparative example 2
Comparing with embodiment 1, difference is, substitutes enuatrol with kerosene, and the collecting agent i.e. used is
Single kerosene composition, the weight that adds of kerosene is 0.530g.After flotation terminates, isolated upper strata is
Powdered carbon, lower floor is electrolyte.By calculating, the electrolyte response rate is 80.79%, powdered carbon purity
78.94%, the response rate is 83.02%.
Comparative example 3
Comparing with embodiment 1, difference is, substitutes kerosene with enuatrol, and the collecting agent i.e. used is
0.530g enuatrol.After flotation terminates, isolated upper strata is powdered carbon, and lower floor is electrolyte.Pass through
Calculating, the electrolyte response rate is 76.14%, powdered carbon purity 75.88%, and the response rate is 80.49%.
Comparative example 4
Comparing with embodiment 1, difference is, becoming of collecting agent does not changes, and consumption is not at invention model
In enclosing, the collecting agent i.e. used is made up of 0.3g kerosene and 0.3g enuatrol.After flotation terminates, point
Being powdered carbon from obtaining upper strata, lower floor is electrolyte.By calculating, the electrolyte response rate is 85.23%,
Powdered carbon purity 81.69%, the response rate is 85.72%.
Comparative example 5
Comparing with embodiment 1, difference is, substitutes waterglass with carboxymethyl cellulose, i.e. uses
Regulator is carboxymethyl cellulose 0.3g.After flotation terminates, isolated upper strata is powdered carbon, and lower floor is
Electrolyte.By calculating, the electrolyte response rate is 73.14%, powdered carbon purity 74.63%, the response rate
It is 73.44%.
Embodiment 2
Comparing with embodiment 1, difference is, replaces step (3) with flotation medium during preparation slurry
In water, the liquid after flotation medium liquor B 2 dilute with water 0.7 times.After flotation terminates, separate
Obtaining upper strata is powdered carbon, and lower floor is electrolyte.By calculating, the electrolyte response rate is 90.21%,
Powdered carbon purity 86.13%, the response rate is 92.18%.
Embodiment 3
Step (1): broken pulverizing:
Jaw crusher is first used to be crushed to by cathode carbon pieces 1kg aluminum electrolytic tank waste and old cathode carbon block
-30mm, then it is crushed to-2mm with fine crusher, finally use ball mill grinding to granularity to 200
Mesh, wherein-200 mesh account for 85%.
Step (2): water logging is filtered:
Take the waste and old cathode powder 1kg that step (1) grinding is good, add water and be made into slurry (solid-liquid mass ratio
It is 1: 7), under conditions of temperature 60 C, rotating speed 110r/min, leach in stirred leaching tank,
Filter after leaching 50min, obtain filter cake A1, liquor B 1；Add in liquor B 1 and be equivalent to
The CaO of soluble fluoride content (or amount of material) 107%, terminates to precipitation, is filtrated to get filter cake
A2, liquor B 2.
Step (3): flotation:
By the filter cake (filter cake A1 and filter cake A2) in step (2) according to solid-liquid mass ratio be 1: 15 add
In water, add by 0.15g kerosene, the diesel oil of 0.15g, 0.06g dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate and 0.09g
Enuatrol composition collecting agent；No. bis-oil of foaming agent: 0.08g, 0.04g Oleum Camphora；Regulator:
Waterglass 0.25g；Flotation 8min, isolated upper strata powdered carbon and lower floor's electrolyte.By calculating,
The electrolyte response rate is 92.74%, powdered carbon purity 88.35%, and the response rate is 94.56%.
Embodiment 4
Comparing with embodiment 3, difference is, collecting agent is by 0.15g kerosene, the diesel oil of 0.15g, 0.09g
The enuatrol composition of dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate and 0.06g.After flotation terminates, isolated upper strata is
Powdered carbon, lower floor is electrolyte.By calculating, the electrolyte response rate is 91.51%, powdered carbon purity
87.23%, the response rate is 93.71%.
Embodiment 5
Comparing with embodiment 3, difference is, collecting agent is by 0.15g kerosene, the diesel oil of 0.15g, 0.06g
The enuatrol composition of dodecyl sodium sulfate and 0.09g.After flotation terminates, isolated upper strata is charcoal
Powder, lower floor is electrolyte.By calculating, the electrolyte response rate is 91.38%, powdered carbon purity 87.41%,
The response rate is 91.93%.
Embodiment 6
Comparing with embodiment 3, difference is, foaming agent is by No. two oily 0.06g and Oleum Camphora 0.06g
Composition.After flotation terminates, isolated upper strata is powdered carbon, and lower floor is electrolyte.By calculating, electricity
Solving the matter response rate is 90.35%, and powdered carbon purity 85.61%, the response rate is 90.82%.
Embodiment 7
Step (1): broken pulverizing:
Jaw crusher is first used to be crushed to by cathode carbon pieces 1kg aluminum electrolytic tank waste and old cathode carbon block
-30mm, then it is crushed to-2mm with fine crusher, finally use ball mill grinding to granularity to 200
Mesh, wherein-200 mesh account for 90%.
Step (2): water logging is filtered:
Take the good waste and old cathode powdered carbon 1kg of step (1) grinding to add water and be made into slurry (solid-liquid mass ratio is
1: 8), temperature 80 DEG C, under conditions of rotating speed 90r/min, leach in stirred leaching tank,
Filter after leaching 40min, obtain filter cake A1, liquor B 1；Add in liquor B 1 and be equivalent to
The CaO of soluble fluoride content (or amount of material) 110%, terminates to precipitation, is filtrated to get filter cake
A2, liquor B 2.
Step (3): flotation:
By the filter cake (filter cake A1 and filter cake A2) in step (2) according to solid-liquid mass ratio be 1: 20 add
In water, add the collecting agent being made up of 0.375g coal tar and 0.125g dodecyl sodium sulfate, rise
Infusion: mixed fatty alcohol 0.08g, regulator: waterglass 0.275g；Flotation 5min, isolated
Upper strata powdered carbon and lower floor's electrolyte.By calculating, the electrolyte response rate is 90.94%, powdered carbon purity
87.14%, the response rate is 93.57%.
Embodiment 8
Step (1): broken pulverizing:
Jaw crusher is first used to be crushed to by cathode carbon pieces 1kg aluminum electrolytic tank waste and old cathode carbon block
-30mm, then it is crushed to-2mm with fine crusher, finally use ball mill grinding to granularity to 200
Mesh, wherein-200 mesh account for 90%.
Step (2): water logging is filtered:
Take the good waste and old cathode powdered carbon 1kg of step (1) grinding to be added to the water and be made into slurry (solid-liquid mass ratio
Be 1: 8), at temperature 70 C, under conditions of rotating speed 115r/min, soak in stirred leaching tank
Go out, filter after leaching 50min, obtain filter cake A1, liquor B 1；Phase is added in liquor B 1
When in the CaO of soluble fluoride content (or amount of material) 110%, terminating to precipitation, be filtrated to get
Filter cake A2, liquor B 2.
Step (3): flotation:
By the filter cake (filter cake A1 and filter cake A2) in step (2) according to solid-liquid mass ratio be 1: 10 add water
In, add the collecting agent being made up of 0.4g diesel oil and 0.175g dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate, foaming agent:
Methyl isobutyl carbinol 0.1g, regulator: waterglass 0.25g；Flotation 5min, isolated upper strata
Powdered carbon and lower floor's electrolyte.By calculating, the electrolyte response rate is 91.85%, powdered carbon purity 86.83%,
The response rate is 93.78%.
The above, the only result of embodiment of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. one kind is reclaimed charcoal and the water logging-flotation side of electrolyte from the cathode carbon pieces of aluminum cell waste
Method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step (1): cathode carbon pieces is broken, grinding；
Step (2): the negative electrode powdered carbon obtained after step (1) being processed stirs in water, leaches, subsequently
It is filtrated to get filter cake A1 and liquor B 1；
Step (3): filter cake A1 and floating agent are mixed and sizes mixing, flotation, separation, flotation froth
Product is charcoal, and flotation tailing is electrolyte；Described floating agent includes collecting agent, foaming agent and tune
Joint agent；Wherein, described collecting agent by the collecting agent C1 that mass ratio is 0.65-0.75: 0.25-0.35 and
Collecting agent C2 forms；Collecting agent C1 is selected from least in coal tar, heavy oil, kerosene, diesel oil
Kind, collecting agent C2 is selected from lauryl amine, dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate, enuatrol, dodecyl sodium sulfonate
At least one in sodium.
2. according to the cathode carbon pieces from aluminum cell waste described in claims 1 reclaim charcoal and
Water logging-the method for floating of electrolyte, it is characterised in that in described collecting agent, collecting agent C1 is quality
Kerosene than 1-2: 1 and diesel fuel mixtures；Collecting agent C2 be mass ratio be the dodecyl of 1: 1-1.5
Benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt and enuatrol mixture.
3. according to the cathode carbon pieces from aluminum cell waste described in claims 2 reclaim charcoal and
Water logging-the method for floating of electrolyte, it is characterised in that in step (1), cathode carbon pieces is broken,
Grinding to-200 mesh account for more than 80%.
4. according to the cathode carbon pieces from aluminum cell waste described in claims 1 reclaim charcoal and
Water logging-the method for floating of electrolyte, it is characterised in that in step (2), also include: to liquor B 1
In add precipitant, be filtrated to get filter cake A2 and liquor B 2；Filter cake A2 and filter cake A1 is merged into
Row step (3).
5. according to the cathode carbon pieces from aluminum cell waste described in claims 4 reclaim charcoal and
Water logging-the method for floating of electrolyte, it is characterised in that described precipitant is CaO, CaCl2、
Ca(OH)2At least one, the consumption of described precipitant be step (1) cathode carbon pieces in solubility
1.05～1.1 times of the amount of fluoride species.
6. according to the cathode carbon pieces from aluminum cell waste described in claims any one of 1-5
Reclaim charcoal and the water logging-method for floating of electrolyte, it is characterised in that in step (2), negative electrode powdered carbon with
Water is made into slurry according to solid-liquid mass ratio 1: 6～8, and at temperature 40～80 DEG C, rotating speed 60～120r/min
Under conditions of leach, extraction time is 30-60min.
7. according to the cathode carbon pieces from aluminum cell waste described in claims 6 reclaim charcoal and
Water logging-the method for floating of electrolyte, it is characterised in that on the basis of cathode carbon pieces weight, described in catch
Receiving agent consumption is 100～600g/t.
8. according to the cathode carbon pieces from aluminum cell waste described in claims 7 reclaim charcoal and
Water logging-the method for floating of electrolyte, it is characterised in that described foaming agent is selected from No. two oil, Camphoras
At least one in oil, methyl isobutyl carbinol, mixed fatty alcohol；On the basis of cathode carbon pieces weight,
Described frother dosages is 50～120g/t.
9. according to the cathode carbon pieces from aluminum cell waste described in claims 8 reclaim charcoal and
Water logging-the method for floating of electrolyte, it is characterised in that described regulator is waterglass；With negative electrode charcoal
On the basis of block weight, described regulator consumption is 100～300g/t.
10. according to the cathode carbon pieces from aluminum cell waste described in claims 1 reclaim charcoal and
Water logging-the method for floating of electrolyte, it is characterised in that in step (3), adopt and use water as flotation medium
Carry out sizing mixing process, and wherein, the gross weight of filter cake A1 and filter cake A2 with the mass ratio of water is
1: 10～20.
Priority Applications (1)
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