CN105920029A - 一种具有调节免疫能力和抗氧化功能的羊栖菜多糖及在保健品中的应用 - Google Patents
一种具有调节免疫能力和抗氧化功能的羊栖菜多糖及在保健品中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本申请公开了一种具有调节免疫能力和抗氧化功能的羊栖菜多糖，其特征在于：包括有褐藻多糖硫酸酯及褐藻胶，褐藻胶的单糖组分包括质量比为40％～45％的古洛糖醛酸、8％～15％的甘露糖醛酸，褐藻多糖硫酸酯的单糖组分包括质量比为19～39％的岩藻糖以及3～10％半乳糖。将上述的羊栖菜多糖作为原料，按照药学领域的常规生产方法，制备用于调节免疫能力和抗氧化功能的片剂或胶囊的保健品。该羊栖菜多糖具有较好的调节免疫能力及抗氧化的功效，保护机体不受自由基损伤。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于调节免疫能力和抗氧化功能羊栖菜多糖，还涉及该羊栖菜多糖的制备方法以及该羊栖菜多糖在保健品中的应用。
背景技术
氧化应激是在机体受外源或内源刺激时，活跃的活性分子例如氧自由基和氮自由基含量升高，加快氧化反应，一旦超出机体对氧化产物清除能力，机体各***运行负载加重，导致正常代谢紊乱，炎性反应发生，诱发多种疾病的产生，例如：神经退行性疾病、糖尿病、高血压、动脉粥样硬化等，因此抵抗氧化应激是保护机体正常功能的必要手段。在抗氧化应激的研究中，许多多糖类物质作为天然的抗氧化剂，降低单胺氧化酶(MAO)和丙二醛(MDA)含量等指标上升，防止这些氧化酶或氧化产物过多引起的细胞衰老或是坏死，细胞功能丧失，细胞增殖能力下降，蛋白酶活降低，进而整个机体老化，免疫力下降，导致发生的各种疾病。在清除自由基的过程中，许多抗氧化酶发挥着重要作用，如相关的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)等，这些抗氧化酶可以降低自由基引起的损伤，保护机体免受氧化应激造成的伤害。同时已经有不少的多糖类物质作为免疫药物应用于临床，促进免疫细胞功能升高，如香菇多糖，灵芝多糖，茯苓多糖等，并且取得了良好的效果。
《中华人民共和国药典》中收录的海藻为马尾藻科植物或羊栖菜，它有久远的历史，《神农本草经》、《本草纲目》等都有记载海藻的食用价值和药用价值。海藻具有较高的营养保健价值，如降血脂、抗血栓、增强免疫力、抗氧化等功效。日本称其为“长寿菜”，并每年大量从我国进口。海藻的主体成分是多糖，并且这些多糖成分已被证明具有降血脂血糖、抗氧化和增强免疫力等生物学活性，现有技术中的多糖一般为组合物，不同的提取工艺会产生不同的组分，对应的多糖组分及多糖活性也受其影响，当然，其对应的功效和应用也有所不同。
发明内容
本发明公开了一种羊栖菜多糖，该羊栖菜多糖具有较好的调节免疫能力及抗氧化的功效，保护机体不受自由基损伤。
本发明还公开了将羊栖菜多糖作为一种有调节免疫能力和抗氧化功能在保健品中的应用。
针对羊栖菜多糖本身，一种具有调节免疫能力和抗氧化功能的羊栖菜多糖，其特征在于： 包括有褐藻多糖硫酸酯及褐藻胶，褐藻胶的单糖组分包括质量比为40％～45％的古洛糖醛酸、8％～15％的甘露糖醛酸，褐藻多糖硫酸酯的单糖组分包括质量比为19～39％的岩藻糖以及3～10％半乳糖。
将上述的羊栖菜多糖作为原料，按照药学领域的常规生产方法，制备用于调节免疫能力和抗氧化功能的片剂或胶囊的保健品。
本发明与现有技术相比具有以下几方面的优点：该羊栖菜多糖能够兼顾调节免疫能力及抗氧化功能，相对于普通褐藻多糖硫酸酯的多糖组分，褐藻多糖硫酸酯及褐藻胶的组分配比，能够具有更好的体外清除自由基的效果，实现调节机体免疫能力，同时，褐藻胶多糖本身能够具有提升巨噬细胞的吞噬能力的效果，具有一定的抗氧化活性。该羊栖菜多糖作为原料制作保健品，在保健品中具有广阔的应用前景。
附图说明
图1本发明中的羊栖菜多糖对羟自由基清除能力的影响；
图2羊栖菜多糖对氧化应激下的RAW264.7巨噬细胞增殖能力的影响；
图3为羊栖菜多糖对自然衰老小鼠CAT酶活力的影响；
图4为羊栖菜多糖对自然衰老小鼠SOD酶活力的影响；
图5为羊栖菜多糖对自然衰老小鼠MAO酶活力的影响；
图6为羊栖菜多糖对自然衰老小鼠MDA含量的影响；
图7羊栖菜多糖对自然衰老小鼠脾指数影响；
图8为不同浓度羊栖菜多糖对RAW264.7巨噬细胞吞噬能力的影响。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。
本实施例中公开了上述的羊栖菜多糖的制备方法，其制备方法如下：
1)新鲜羊栖菜放入烘箱中，40～60℃烘烤24～48h，剪碎成段，放入粉碎机中研磨1～2min，得到羊栖菜藻粉；
2)按照羊栖菜藻粉∶95％乙醇＝1∶4(m∶v)，回流脱脂3次，每次2h，得到脱脂羊栖菜藻粉；
3)按照脱脂羊栖菜藻粉∶蒸馏水＝1∶30(m∶v)，60～90℃煮提3次，时间依次为2～4h，合并3次煮提液，减压浓缩体积至1/12，得到浓缩液；
4)在浓缩液中加入95％乙醇至乙醇终浓度为80％，室温醇沉过夜，弃上清，收集沉淀；
5)将得到的沉淀进行溶剂干燥，依次使用95％乙醇、无水乙醇洗涤沉淀，得到羊栖菜多糖；
6)将上述羊栖菜多糖放入真空干燥箱中，40～60℃减压烘干，得到具有具有特定组分的羊栖菜多糖。
按照上述方法得到奶黄色粉末，羊栖菜多糖得率为18～25％，经测定多糖成分含量为75～85％。
本实施例中，将上述特定组分的羊栖菜多糖应用于调节免疫能力和抗氧化功能，羊栖菜多糖包括有褐藻多糖硫酸酯、褐藻胶，褐藻胶的单糖组分包括质量比为40％～45％的古洛糖醛酸、8％～15％的甘露糖醛酸，褐藻多糖硫酸酯的单糖组分包括质量比为19～39％的岩藻糖以及3～10％半乳糖，还包括有其他多糖，其他多糖的单糖组成为：鼠李糖3～5％，葡萄糖醛酸1～4％，木糖4～8％，甘露糖3～5％。
如图1所示，相对于普通褐藻多糖硫酸酯的多糖组分，褐藻多糖硫酸酯及褐藻胶的采用本发明的组分配比，能够具有更好的清除体外清除自由基的效果，实现调节机体免疫能力。
图2中公开了羊栖菜多糖对巨噬细胞增殖能力的影响。
本实施例中还针对羊栖菜多糖对衰老小鼠的调节免疫能力及抗氧化功效做了如下实验：
选取8月龄ICR小鼠，以100mg/kg/d的羊栖菜多糖分别灌胃雄性和雌性小鼠，小鼠肝脏作为材料，每组n＝6～10，结果如图3至图8。
本发明的方法操作简单，适宜规模型的工业生产，采用无毒的原材料，更为安全可靠。经上述实验证实羊栖菜多糖对羟自由基有较好的清除能力并且清除能力与羊栖菜多糖能力呈正相关。采用MTT法于490nm下检测羊栖菜多糖对受到H2O2氧化损伤的RAW264.7巨噬细胞增殖能力的影响，结果表明低浓度的羊栖菜多糖能够阻止H2O2对巨噬细胞增殖的抑制作用，其效应优于香菇多糖。吞噬中性红实验结果表明羊栖菜多糖能够提升巨噬细胞的吞噬能力，其效果较香菇多糖好；以100mg/kg/d羊栖菜多糖溶液为灌胃小鼠的原料，结果显示羊栖菜多糖能够提升衰老小鼠的脾指数和小鼠肝脏中的SOD和CAT酶活力，降低小鼠肝脏中MDA含量和MAO酶活力，表明羊栖菜多糖可以通过提高机体免疫力和抗氧化酶活力，阻止氧化反应，有效清除自由基来抑制机体脂质过氧化反应，降低减少MDA的积聚，从而起到体内抗氧化的作用。综上所述，本方法制得的羊栖菜多糖可以成为增强免疫调节功能和抗氧化功能的保健品。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和变型，上述假设的这些改进和变型同应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (2)
1.一种具有调节免疫能力和抗氧化功能的羊栖菜多糖，其特征在于：包括有褐藻多糖硫酸酯及褐藻胶，褐藻胶的单糖组分包括质量比为40％～45％的古洛糖醛酸、8％～15％的甘露糖醛酸，褐藻多糖硫酸酯的单糖组分包括质量比为19～39％的岩藻糖以及3～10％半乳糖。
2.将权利要求1中的羊栖菜多糖作为原料，按照药学领域的常规生产方法，制备用于调节免疫能力和抗氧化功能的片剂或胶囊的保健品。
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| CN111096976A (zh) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-05-05 | 中国海洋大学 | L-低聚古罗糖醛酸盐在制备用于延缓皮肤衰老和免疫抗炎的药物和功能食品中的应用 |
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