CN105911535A - Laser radar similar multi-wavelength wavelength division multiplexing detection system - Google Patents

Laser radar similar multi-wavelength wavelength division multiplexing detection system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105911535A
CN105911535A CN201610406754.6A CN201610406754A CN105911535A CN 105911535 A CN105911535 A CN 105911535A CN 201610406754 A CN201610406754 A CN 201610406754A CN 105911535 A CN105911535 A CN 105911535A
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light
polarized light
wavelength
quarter
etalon
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CN105911535B (en
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洪光烈
周艳波
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Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics of CAS
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Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics of CAS
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
    • G01S7/4816—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements of receivers alone
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
    • G02B27/283—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for beam splitting or combining
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
    • G02B27/286—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising for controlling or changing the state of polarisation, e.g. transforming one polarisation state into another

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)
  • Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser radar similar multi-wavelength wavelength division multiplexing detection system. The system comprises a lens, two polarization beam splitter-Glan polarizing prisms, five quarter wave plates, four convergent lenses, four detectors, four F-P etalons, a reflecting mirror and four ambient light filters. Light energy with no more than four wavelength components in a laser radar echo received by a telescope can be detected separately. When the echo contains four components with similar wavelengths, a laser echo of each wavelength selects different paths to travel according to a direction of a polarization component contained by the laser echo and then finally arrives at an assigned detector and does not enter into other three detectors so that wavelength division multiplexing detection is realized. The system has advantages that the system can detect energy of no more than four components with similar wavelengths which are mixed in the laser radar echo and detection efficiency is high; the system does not depend on polarization composition of each wavelength incident light and can be used in an occasion where the plurality of similar wavelengths need to be separated and each wavelength light energy needs to be detected.

Description

The wavelength-division multiplex detection system that a kind of laser radar multi-wavelength is close
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of laser radar and receive system, be specifically related to a kind of laser radar multi-wavelength close Wavelength-division multiplex detection system.
Background technology
The lidar transmitter time upper laser pulse successively launching close-spaced wavelength, because being in time point Open, so receiver can share optical filter and detector, detection circuit successively output signal.But It is the laser pulse (2,3, or 4 kinds of wavelength) that launching opportunity simultaneously transmitted wave length is close sometimes, connects Receipts machine is all collected the return laser beam of these wavelength by telescope, but is because wavelength at a distance of very Closely, even with conventional color separation film or grating, it can not be separated effectively.Such as Raman laser radar is visited Survey atmosphere convection layer temperature, with the pure rotation Raman scatter echo of 532nm laser excitation, need to obtain it Middle high-order 531.14nm, the intensity of low order 528.76nm composition, but they wavelength difference only 2.38nm, And be excited simultaneously；Pure rotation Raman scatter echo is excited for another example with 354.7nm laser, Needs obtain wherein high-order rotate Raman354.07nm, low order rotate 353.25nm composition intensity, but it Wavelength differ less than 1.0nm, and be excited simultaneously；The detection wavelength of DIAL Often differing also less than 1.0nm with reference wavelength, it is no problem that two kinds of light pulses are launched in turn, but if Launching, the separation of its echo, detection are necessary for taking the necessary measures and solve simultaneously.So solution of the present invention Certainly just such issues that.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of laser radar echo that can detect simultaneously comprise multiple wavelength Wavelength-division multiplex monotechnics so that multiwavelength laser pulse successively need not be sent out the most in turn by laser transmitter Penetrate.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the present invention by lens, polarization beam apparatus-Glan polarizing prism, five four points One of wave plate, four collecting lenses, four detectors, four F-P etalons, reflecting mirror, four environment Light filter plate collectively constitutes, and the centre wavelength in echo is respectively λ1、λ2、λ3、λ4Light component Distribute to corresponding detector detect respectively.
Glan polarizing prism reflection levels (being parallel to paper, below state herewith) polarized light, can pass through and hang down The polarized light that directly (is perpendicular to paper, below state herewith).
Line polarized light is with polarization direction and quarter-wave plate optical axis incident wave plate at 45 °, and transmitted light beam becomes Circularly polarized light, if circularly polarized light reflected and again after back surface incident quarter-wave plate, again also Former one-tenth line polarized light, but polarization direction is vertical with time the most incident.
When parallel beam incident F-P etalon, with the light component that wherein cardiac wave length is consistent through F-P in light beam Etalon, the light component of off-center wavelength can be reflected away by F-P etalon.
The wavelength-division multiplex detection system that a kind of laser radar multi-wavelength is close includes, lens 1, the first polarization point Bundle device-Glan polarizing prism 2 and the second polarization beam apparatus-Glan polarizing prism 3, the first quarter-wave plate 6, the second quarter-wave plate the 7, the 3rd quarter-wave plate the 8, the 4th quarter-wave plate 9, the May 4th / mono-wave plate 4, first collecting lens the 24, second collecting lens the 25, the 3rd collecting lens the 18, the 4th Collecting lens 19, first detector the 23, second detector the 22, the 3rd detector the 20, the 4th detector 21, Oneth F-P etalon the 12, the 2nd F-P etalon the 13, the 3rd F-P etalon the 10, the 4th F-P standard Tool 11, reflecting mirror 5, first environment light filter plate 15, second environment light optical filter the 14, the 3rd ambient light Optical filter the 17, the 4th ambient light optical filter 16, wherein:
The laser radar echo sent from telescope focal point, becomes collimated light beam after lens 1 reflect, It comprises four close components of wavelength, i.e. centre wavelength is respectively λ1、λ2、λ3、λ4Component, We are with λ belowi, i=1,2,3,4 represents centre wavelength at λiThe light component at place；Collimated light beam warp for the first time Crossing the first Glan polarizing prism 2, horizontal polarization light therein is reflected by the first Glan polarizing prism 2, enters First quarter-wave plate 6 and become circularly polarized light, subsequently into a F-P etalon 12, circular polarization λ in light1Composition penetrates a F-P etalon 12, arrives the first collecting lens 24, is finally visited by first Survey device 23 to detect；And λ in circularly polarized light beam2、λ3、λ4Component can be anti-by a F-P etalon 12 Penetrating, be again passed through the first quarter-wave plate 6, circularly polarized light becomes line polarized light, polarization direction half-twist Become orthogonal polarized light, thus through the first Glan polarizing prism 2, arrive the 3rd quarter-wave plate 8, Becoming circularly polarized light again, circularly polarized light meets with the 3rd F-P etalon 10, the λ in circularly polarized light beam here4 Light component penetrates the 3rd F-P etalon 10, thus assembles thoroughly through the 3rd ambient light filter plate the 17, the 3rd Detected by the 3rd detector 20 after mirror 18；λ in circularly polarized light beam2、λ3Component light is then by the 3rd F-P Etalon 10 reflects, and is again passed through the 3rd quarter-wave plate 8 and becomes horizontal polarization light, by the first Glan Polarizing prism 2 reflects, and directive the second Glan polarizing prism 3, then is reflected by the second Glan polarizing prism 3, Becoming circularly polarized light after the second quarter-wave plate 7, circularly polarized light here meets with the 2nd F-P standard Tool 13, λ therein2Component light is all through the 2nd F-P etalon 13, through second environment light filter plate 14 and second collecting lens 25, finally detected by the second detector 22；And the second quarter-wave plate 7 After circularly polarized light in λ3Component light is reflected by the 2nd F-P etalon 13, again passes by the two or four / mono-wave plate 7, becomes orthogonal polarized light, thus it becomes to pass the second Glan polarizing prism 3, Arrive and again through the 4th quarter-wave plate 9, become circularly polarized light, the λ in this circularly polarized light3Component Light transmission the 4th F-P etalon 11, through the 4th ambient light filter plate 16 and the 4th collecting lens 19, and Detected by the 4th detector 21；The initially vertical polarization light from the collimated light beam that lens 1 pass through Component arrives the second Glan prism 3 through the first Glan prism 2；It can pass through the second Glan polarizing prism 3, Arrive the 5th quarter-wave plate 4, after the 5th quarter-wave plate 4, become circularly polarized light, this circle Polarized light is reflected by reflecting mirror 5, again passes through quarter-wave plate 4, is reduced into line polarized light, but Being that polarization direction half-twist becomes horizontal state of polarization, this horizontal polarization light beam is by the second Glan polarizing prism 3 Reflection, becomes circularly polarized light, the λ in circularly polarized light after the 4th quarter-wave plate 93Light component Four pass through F-P etalon 11, through the 4th ambient light optical filter 16 and the 4th collecting lens 19, finally quilt 4th detector 21 detects；Remainder in circularly polarized light comprises λ1、λ2、λ4Three kinds of component light, Reflected along former road by the 4th F-P etalon 11, again from the back side through the 4th quarter-wave plate 9, Circularly polarized light is reduced into again line polarized light, and polarization direction half-twist becomes vertical polarization, vertical polarization Light transmission the second Glan polarizing prism 3, arrives second quarter-wave plate 7 on opposite, becomes circularly polarized light, The incident 2nd F-P etalon 13 of circularly polarized light, λ in circularly polarized light2Component light is all through the 2nd F-P mark Quasi-tool 13, remainder circularly polarized light comprises λ1、λ4Light component, is reflected by the 2nd F-P etalon 13 Return, again become line polarized light, polarization direction half-twist from the back side through the second quarter-wave plate 7 Become horizontal polarization light, after meeting with the second Glan polarizing prism 3, reflected by the second Glan polarizing prism 3, Advance to the first Glan polarizing prism 2 direction, reflected by it, then after running into the first Glan polarizing prism 2 Through the 3rd quarter-wave plate 8, become circularly polarized light, incide the 3rd F-P etalon 10, circular polarization λ in light4Light component is completely through the 3rd F-P etalon 10, through the 3rd ambient light filter plate 17 and After three collecting lenses 18, detected by the 3rd detector 20.Remainder is λ1The circular polarization of light component Light, is reflected by the 3rd F-P etalon 10, from the back side at this through the 3rd quarter-wave plate 8, Become line polarized light, and polarization direction half-twist becomes orthogonal polarized light, the most again suffers from the first lattice Blue polarizing prism 2, through the first Glan polarizing prism 2, then passes through the first quarter-wave plate 6, becomes Circularly polarized light, the incident F-P etalon 12 of this circularly polarized light, the λ in circularly polarized light1Light component passes through Oneth F-P etalon 12, then through first environment light filter plate 15 and the first collecting lens 24, finally quilt First detector 23 detects.
The full width at half maximum of the F-P etalon reflectance spectrum of described four F-P etalons 10,11,12,13 FWHM is more than the wave-length coverage of detected optical wavelength and less than minimum wavelength interval delta λmin=| λi-λj| I, j=1,2, the Free Spectral Range FSR of 3,4, F-P etalons is in theory more preferably greater than maximum wavelength interval delta λmax=| λi-λj| i, j=1,2,3,4, as long as reality can guarantee that, a F-P etalon is only through one Light component and reflect other light components.
First described quarter-wave plate the 6, second quarter-wave plate the 7, the 3rd quarter-wave plate 8 Inclined with the fast axle of the 4th 9 four quarter-wave plates of quarter-wave plate and each of which incident ray polarized light Shake angle at 45 °, direction, and the wavelength of four quarter-wave plate couplings is respectively incident illumination central wavelength lambda1、 λ2、λ3、λ4。
Described transmitting mirror 5 can substitute with grating.
Described wavelength-division multiplex detection system is when need not λ1、λ2、λ3、λ4One of four wavelength Or multiple component light is when detecting, only the F-P etalon of respective wavelength in system need to be changed into reflecting optics ?.
It is an advantage of the current invention that: system can distinguish the phase less than four of mixing in laser radar echo The energy of each smooth component of nearly wavelength, detection efficient is high, does not relies on the polarization state composition of each wavelength incident light, Can be used for other to need separate multiple close-spaced wavelength and detect the occasion of each wavelength light energy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the composition structure chart of the present invention.Label in figure: 1-lens, 2-the first Glan polarizing prism, 3-the second Glan polarizing prism, 4-the 5th quarter-wave plate, 5-reflecting mirror, 6-the first quarter-wave plate, 7-the second quarter-wave plate, 8-the 3rd quarter-wave plate, 9-the 4th quarter-wave plate, 10-the 3rd F-P etalon, 11-the 4th F-P etalon, 12-the oneth F-P etalon, 13-the 2nd F-P etalon, 14-second environment light optical filter, 15-first environment light optical filter, 16-the 4th ambient light optical filter, 17- Three ambient light optical filters, 18-the 3rd collecting lens, 19-the 4th collecting lens, 20-the 3rd detector, 21- 4th detector, 22-the second detector, 23-the first detector.
Fig. 2 is one section of reflectance spectrum and the signal of four incident illumination component relations of four the F-P etalons used Figure.
Fig. 3 is a F-P etalon and the 3rd F-P etalon in certain water vapor detecting DIAL Reflectance spectrum and echo centre wavelength are λon、λoffLight component relation schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
Four lambda1-wavelength components have certain wave-length coverage, the reflectance spectrum of four F-P etalons to be points Sharp periodicity " groove ", specifically in order to realize separately detecting the target of each wavelength energy, needs to ensure institute There are the wave-length coverage full width at half maximum FWHM less than F-P etalon reflectance spectrum of lambda1-wavelength, and four kinds of incidences The centre wavelength of light is respectively λ1、λ2、λ3、λ4, minimum wavelength interval delta λmin=| λi-λj| i, j=1,2,3,4, it is necessary to more than the FWHM of F-P etalon reflectance spectrum, maximum wavelength interval delta in theory λmax=| λi-λj| i, j=1,2,3,4 should be less than the Free Spectral Range FSR of F-P etalon used, real In border, this point is not necessarily, as long as can guarantee that each F-P etalon can only be through a kind of wavelength of its correspondence Light component and reflect other wavelength light components.
The cavity mirrors reflectivity of four F-P etalons and spacing should ensure chamber mirror in the case of meeting above-mentioned condition Albedo parameters is consistent, and chamber mirror spacing is required for slightly regulating so that " groove " center in reflectance spectrum slightly Micro-stagger and respectively fall in four incident illumination centre wavelength positions, as in figure 2 it is shown, so centre wavelength falls Light in single F-P etalon reflectance spectrum " groove " just can pass through this chamber and other centre wavelength does not fall Light in reflectance spectrum " groove " will be by cavity reflection.
The fast axle of four quarter-wave plates and the angle at 45 °, polarization direction of each of which incident ray polarized light, And its coupling wavelength is incident illumination central wavelength lambda1、λ2、λ3、λ4Meansigma methods.
Detector does not do specific requirement, optionally chooses suitable in the case of different lambda1-wavelengths and incident illumination energy The single-element detector closed, makes detector saturated if the light intensity inciding detector crosses conference, can be in meeting Poly-lens are followed by attenuator and solve.
Lens 1 and four collecting lenses do collimation use, make the focus of lens 1 fall at incidence point light source, also It is that prime receives the telescopical focal position of echo, as burnt at lens 1 in fallen through optical fiber then fiber outlet position At Dian；The position of four detectors is in the focal point of respective collecting lens, the focal length of lens and incident light wave appearance Close, need to select aberration to try one's best little lens according to the meansigma methods of incident wavelength.
The laser radar echo sent from telescope focal point, becomes collimated light beam after lens 1 reflect, It comprises four close components of wavelength, i.e. centre wavelength is respectively λ1、λ2、λ3、λ4Component, We are with λ belowiRepresent centre wavelength at λiThe light component at place.Collimated light beam is for the first time through the first Glan Polarizing prism 2, horizontal polarization light therein is reflected by the first Glan polarizing prism 2, enter the one or four/ One wave plate 6 and become circularly polarized light, subsequently into a F-P etalon 12, the λ in circularly polarized light1 Composition penetrates a F-P etalon 12, arrives the first collecting lens 24, is finally examined by the first detector 23 Measure；And in circularly polarized light beam other compositions (centre wavelength is λ2、λ3、λ4Component) can by first F-P etalon 12 reflects, and is again passed through the first quarter-wave plate 6, and circularly polarized light becomes line polarized light, Polarization direction half-twist becomes orthogonal polarized light, thus through the first Glan polarizing prism 2, arrives the 3rd Quarter-wave plate 8, then become circularly polarized light, circularly polarized light meets with the 3rd F-P etalon 10, circle here λ in polarized beam4Light component penetrates the 3rd F-P etalon 10, thus through the 3rd ambient light filter plate 17, detected by the 3rd detector 20 after the 3rd collecting lens 18；λ in circularly polarized light beam2、λ3Light Component is then reflected by the 3rd F-P etalon 10, and being again passed through the 3rd quarter-wave plate 8, to become level inclined Shake light, is reflected by the first Glan polarizing prism 2, and directive the second Glan polarizing prism 3, then by the second lattice Blue polarizing prism 3 reflects, and becomes circularly polarized light, circular polarization here after the second quarter-wave plate 7 Light meets with the 2nd F-P etalon 13, λ therein2Light component is all through the 2nd F-P etalon 13, warp Cross second environment light filter plate 14 and the second collecting lens 25, finally detected by the second detector 22；And The λ in circularly polarized light after second quarter-wave plate 73Component is reflected by the 2nd F-P etalon 13, Again pass by the second quarter-wave plate 7, become orthogonal polarized light, thus it becomes to pass the second lattice Blue polarizing prism 3, arrives and again through the 4th quarter-wave plate 9, becomes circularly polarized light, this circular polarization λ in light3Light component passes through the 4th F-P etalon 11, through the 4th ambient light filter plate 16 and the 4th Collecting lens 19, and detected by the 4th detector 21；
Discussed above is the transmission entering the horizontal polarization direction light component before the first Glan prism 2, below Introduce the transmission of perpendicular polarisation state light component therein.Vertical polarization light component in collimated light beam passes through First Glan prism 2 arrives the second Glan prism 3；It can pass through the second Glan polarizing prism 3, arrives the Five quarter-wave plates 4, become circularly polarized light after the 5th quarter-wave plate 4, this circularly polarized light Reflected by reflecting mirror 5, again pass through quarter-wave plate 4, be reduced into line polarized light, but polarize Direction half-twist becomes horizontal state of polarization.This horizontal polarization light beam is reflected by the second Glan polarizing prism 3, Circularly polarized light is become, the λ in circularly polarized light after the 4th quarter-wave plate 93Component the 4th is through F-P Etalon 11, through the 4th ambient light optical filter 16 and the 4th collecting lens 19, finally by the 4th detector 21 detections；Remainder in circularly polarized light comprises λ1、λ2、λ4Three kinds of light components, are marked by the 4th F-P Quasi-Ju11Yan Yuan road reflects, and again from the back side through the 4th quarter-wave plate 9, circularly polarized light is again also Former one-tenth line polarized light, polarization direction half-twist becomes vertical polarization, vertical polarization light transmission the second lattice Blue polarizing prism 3, arrives second quarter-wave plate 7 on opposite, becomes circularly polarized light, and circularly polarized light enters Penetrate the 2nd F-P etalon 13, λ in circularly polarized light2Component is all through the 2nd F-P etalon 13, surplus Remaining part cyclotomy polarized light comprises λ1、λ4Light component, is reflected by the 2nd F-P etalon 13, again Becoming line polarized light from the back side through the second quarter-wave plate 7, it is inclined that polarization direction half-twist becomes level Shake light, after meeting with the second Glan polarizing prism 3, is reflected by the second Glan polarizing prism 3, to the first lattice Advancing in blue polarizing prism 2 direction, is reflected by it, then pass through the 3rd after running into the first Glan polarizing prism 2 Quarter-wave plate 8, becomes circularly polarized light, incides the 3rd F-P etalon 10, λ in circularly polarized light4 Component is completely through the 3rd F-P etalon 10, through the 3rd ambient light filter plate 17 and the 3rd collecting lens After 18, detected by the 3rd detector 20.Remainder is λ1The circularly polarized light of light component, by the 3rd F-P etalon 10 reflects, and from the back side at this through the 3rd quarter-wave plate 8, becomes line polarized light, And polarization direction half-twist becomes orthogonal polarized light, the most again suffer from the first Glan polarizing prism 2, Through the first Glan polarizing prism 2, then pass through the first quarter-wave plate 6, become circularly polarized light, this The incident F-P etalon 12 of circularly polarized light, the λ in circularly polarized light1Light component is through a F-P mark Quasi-tool 12, then through first environment light filter plate 15 and the first collecting lens 24, finally by the first detector 23 detect.
Therefore the light component that echo light medium wavelength is different, though polarization direction, even if wavelength is close, all Said method separate detection can be used.
As a example by certain Difference Absorption water vapor detecting laser radar, the energy of two kinds of close echoes of wavelength to be differentiated, Launch laser λon=935.776nm, λoff=935.906nm, wherein transmitting laser bandwidth is within 80MHz, Echo is affected by Rayleigh Brillouin scattering, and frequency band obtains broadening and reaches about 2GHz.Wavelength of transmitted light difference 0.13nm, It is preferably selected the Free Spectral Range F-P etalon more than 130GHz in theory, reality can be selected flexibly Selecting, the etalon of such as 100GHz, and its fineness is 45, reflectance spectrum full width at half maximum FWHM is 2.22GHz, meets echo wave-length coverage less than F-P etalon FWHM, and this is to common F-P etalon producer For can provide, a F-P etalon thick and the 3rd F-P etalon thick are fine-tuning to it anti- Penetrate spectrum and incident λon、λoffFrequency relativeness is as it is shown on figure 3, the 2nd F-P etalon and the 4th F-P Etalon plane mirror replaces；Owing to the special quarter-wave plate therein of optical maser wavelength needs to producer Customization；Ambient light optical filter uses the 935nm bandpass filter of the 1nm wave-length coverage of Andover company 010FC37-25；Collecting lens uses Thorlabs company achromat AC254-030-B；Detector is adopted With the higher APD device of quantum efficiency.Just can be at a F-P etalon and the 3rd F-P with above element The centre wavelength of broadening is separately detected at λ on etalonon、λoffEcho signal intensity.

Claims (5)

1. the wavelength-division multiplex detection system that laser radar multi-wavelength is close, including, lens (1), the One polarization beam apparatus-Glan polarizing prism (2) and the second polarization beam apparatus-Glan polarizing prism (3), the One quarter-wave plate (6), the second quarter-wave plate (7), the 3rd quarter-wave plate (8), the 4th Quarter-wave plate (9), the 5th quarter-wave plate (4), the first collecting lens (24), the second convergence Lens (25), the 3rd collecting lens (18), the 4th collecting lens (19), the first detector (23), Two detectors (22), the 3rd detector (20), the 4th detector (21), a F-P etalon (12), 2nd F-P etalon (13), the 3rd F-P etalon (10), the 4th F-P etalon (11), reflection Mirror (5), first environment light filter plate (15), second environment light optical filter (14), the 3rd ambient light filter Sheet (17), the 4th ambient light optical filter (16), it is characterised in that:
The laser radar echo sent from telescope focal point, becomes directional light after lens (1) reflect Restrainting, it comprises four close components of wavelength, i.e. centre wavelength is respectively λ1、λ2、λ3、λ4Group Point, below we with λiRepresent centre wavelength at λiThe light component at place；Collimated light beam is for the first time through first Glan polarizing prism (2), horizontal polarization light therein is reflected by the first Glan polarizing prism (2), enters First quarter-wave plate (6) and become circularly polarized light, subsequently into a F-P etalon (12), λ in circularly polarized light1Composition penetrates a F-P etalon (12), arrives the first collecting lens (24), Finally detected by the first detector (23)；And λ in circularly polarized light beam2、λ3、λ4Component can be by first F-P etalon (12) reflects, and is again passed through the first quarter-wave plate (6), and it is inclined that circularly polarized light becomes line Shake light, and polarization direction half-twist becomes orthogonal polarized light, thus through the first Glan polarizing prism (2), Arriving the 3rd quarter-wave plate (8), then become circularly polarized light, circularly polarized light meets with the 3rd F-P mark here Quasi-tool (10), the λ in circularly polarized light beam4Light component penetrates the 3rd F-P etalon (10), thus passes through Detected by the 3rd detector (20) after 3rd ambient light filter plate (17), the 3rd collecting lens (18)； λ in circularly polarized light beam2、λ3Component light then by the 3rd F-P etalon (10) reflection, is again passed through the Three quarter-wave plates (8) become horizontal polarization light, by the first Glan polarizing prism (2) reflection, and penetrate To the second Glan polarizing prism (3), then by the second Glan polarizing prism (3) reflection, through the two or four point One of become circularly polarized light after wave plate (7), circularly polarized light here meets with the 2nd F-P etalon (13), λ therein2Component light is all through the 2nd F-P etalon (13), through second environment light filter plate (14) With the second collecting lens (25), finally detected by the second detector (22)；And the second quarter-wave The λ in circularly polarized light after sheet (7)3Component light is reflected, again by the 2nd F-P etalon (13) Through the second quarter-wave plate (7), become orthogonal polarized light, thus it becomes able to through the second Glan Polarizing prism (3), arrives and again through the 4th quarter-wave plate (9), becomes circularly polarized light, and this circle is partially Shake the λ in light3Component light transmission the 4th F-P etalon (11), through the 4th ambient light filter plate (16) With the 4th collecting lens (19), and detected by the 4th detector (21)；Initially pass through from lens (1) Collimated light beam in vertical polarization light component arrive the second Glan rib through the first Glan prism (2) Mirror (3)；It can pass through the second Glan polarizing prism (3), arrives the 5th quarter-wave plate (4), passes Becoming circularly polarized light after 5th quarter-wave plate (4), this circularly polarized light is reflected back by reflecting mirror (5) Come, again pass through quarter-wave plate (4), be reduced into line polarized light, but polarization direction half-twist becomes Becoming horizontal state of polarization, this horizontal polarization light beam is reflected by the second Glan polarizing prism (3), through the four or four / mono-wave plate becomes circularly polarized light after (9), the λ in circularly polarized light3Component the 4th is through F-P standard Tool (11), through the 4th ambient light optical filter (16) and the 4th collecting lens (19), is finally visited by the 4th Survey device (21) detection；Remainder in circularly polarized light comprises λ1、λ2、λ4Three kinds of component light, by Four F-P etalon (11) Yan Yuanlu reflect, again from the back side through the 4th quarter-wave plate (9), Circularly polarized light is reduced into again line polarized light, and polarization direction half-twist becomes vertical polarization, vertical polarization Light transmission the second Glan polarizing prism (3), arrives second quarter-wave plate (7) on opposite, becomes circle partially Shake light, the incident 2nd F-P etalon (13) of circularly polarized light, λ in circularly polarized light2Component light all passes through 2nd F-P etalon (13), remainder circularly polarized light comprises λ1、λ4Light component, is marked by the 2nd F-P Quasi-tool (13) reflects, and again becomes line polarized light from the back side through the second quarter-wave plate (7), Polarization direction half-twist becomes horizontal polarization light, after meeting with the second Glan polarizing prism (3), by Two Glan polarizing prism (3) reflections, advance to the first Glan polarizing prism (2) direction, run into the first lattice Reflected by it after blue polarizing prism (2), then pass through the 3rd quarter-wave plate (8), become circular polarization Light, incides the 3rd F-P etalon (10), λ in circularly polarized light4Light component is marked completely through the 3rd F-P Quasi-tool (10), after the 3rd ambient light filter plate (17) and the 3rd collecting lens (18), by the 3rd Detector (20) detects.Remainder is λ1The circularly polarized light of light component, by the 3rd F-P etalon (10) reflect, from the back side at this through the 3rd quarter-wave plate (8), become line polarized light, and Polarization direction half-twist becomes orthogonal polarized light, the most again suffers from the first Glan polarizing prism (2), Through the first Glan polarizing prism (2), then pass through the first quarter-wave plate (6), become circularly polarized light, The incident F-P etalon (12) of this circularly polarized light, the λ in circularly polarized light1Light component passes through a F-P Etalon (12), then through first environment light filter plate (15) and the first collecting lens (24), finally quilt First detector (23) detects.
The wavelength-division multiplex detection system that a kind of laser radar multi-wavelength the most according to claim 1 is close, It is characterized in that: the full width at half maximum of the reflectance spectrum of described four F-P etalons (10,11,12,13) FWHM is more than the wave-length coverage of each component optical wavelength detected and less than minimum wavelength interval delta λmin=| λi- λj| i, j=1,2,3,4.
The wavelength-division multiplex detection system that a kind of laser radar multi-wavelength the most according to claim 1 is close, It is characterized in that: described the first quarter-wave plate (6), the second quarter-wave plate (7), the three or four The fast axle of/mono-wave plate (8) and the 4th (9) four quarter-wave plates of quarter-wave plate is each with them From angle at 45 °, the polarization direction of incident ray polarized light, the wavelength of four quarter-wave plates coupling be respectively into Penetrate center wavelength of light λ1、λ2、λ3、λ4。
The wavelength-division multiplex detection system that a kind of laser radar multi-wavelength the most according to claim 1 is close, It is characterized in that: described transmitting mirror (5) can substitute with grating.
The wavelength-division multiplex detection system that a kind of laser radar multi-wavelength the most according to claim 1 is close, It is characterized in that: described wavelength-division multiplex detection system is when need not λ1、λ2、λ3、λ4Four ripples When long one or more component light detect, only the F-P etalon of respective wavelength in system need to be changed into Reflecting optics.
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CN107479046A (en) * 2017-07-06 2017-12-15 北京空间机电研究所 A kind of spaceborne tunable multichannel Fabry Perot frequency discriminator block
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