CN105908028B - A kind of method for designing high-hardenability high-strength aluminum alloy main component - Google Patents
A kind of method for designing high-hardenability high-strength aluminum alloy main component Download PDFInfo
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- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention belongs to metal alloy field, more particularly to a kind of method for designing high-hardenability high intensity Al Zn Mg Cu line aluminium alloy main components.To obtain high-hardenability, it should follow and reduce master alloying Elements Atom and the principle of the semidiameter percentage summation of Al atoms as far as possible so that Atomic radiuses difference percentage summation δ meets 0.059%≤δ≤0.344%.To obtain high intensity, it is designed to that timesharing should follow following principle, Zn and Mg mass percent should meet Wt in alloying elementZn/WtMg>=4, Mg mass percent WtMgWt should be metMg≥1.4.The present invention is the method by largely testing and calculating a kind of preferably design high-hardenability high intensity Al Zn Mg Cu line aluminium alloy main components to obtain, calculate simple and convenient, method is reliable, solves the problems, such as to there is no generally acknowledged and Exact Design method in high-hardenability high intensity Al Zn Mg Cu line aluminium alloy composition designs field.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal alloy field, more particularly to a kind of design high-hardenability high intensity Al-Zn-Mg-Cu systems aluminium
The method of alloy main component.
Background technology
Aluminium alloy is as the widest a kind of non-ferrous metal structural material of commercial Application, in Aeronautics and Astronautics, automobile, machinery
Largely used in the fields such as manufacture, ship and chemical, and one kind that high strength alumin ium alloy is higher as intensity in aluminium alloy
Material, demand also increasingly increase.The main body of high strength alumin ium alloy is Al-Zn-Mg-Cu systems (referred to as 7000 systems) alloy, and this is to close
Gold utensil has good plasticity, toughness, anti-stress corrosion performance and processing characteristics.
However, with the continuous development of aerospace flight vehicle, latest generation aerospace flight vehicle model equipment Development
Especially maximization model equipment Development proposes requirements at the higher level to high strength alumin ium alloy.Its carrying structure of the model that maximizes equipment Requirement
Part must maximize and integration, in order to ensure the center portion performance of large-scale bearing carrier, it is desirable to which high strength alumin ium alloy must have more
Good quenching degree (quenching sensitive).7075th, the composition design of 7050,7055 alloys can only meet that thickness is tied in below 120mm
The requirement of component manufacture, it is larger in product surface of the thickness more than 120mm and center portion performance difference, it is difficult to meet Aero-Space pair
The demand of super large cross-sectional aluminum alloy material, in order to solve this problem, it is necessary to which developing can be applied to produce large-scale, integration
The low-quenching sensitive alloy of structural member.
Chinese patent CN104004946A discloses a kind of 690-730MPa superhigh intensitys high-hardenability aluminium alloy and its system
Preparation Method, the single-ended full hardening deepness of this aluminium alloy can reach 80-100mm.Chinese patent CN102703782A discloses one
The strong high-hardenability Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy of superelevation is planted, hardness can reach 214HV, single-ended through hardening after this aluminum alloy quenching
Depth is about 82mm.But the two patents have all been merely given as the main component of alloy, both al alloy components are not provided
The method of design.
In recent years, US and European was developed with 7136 (Al-8.9Zn-2.2Mg-2.2Cu-0.15Zr) etc. as generation
The latest generation of table is walked with intensity rank is higher, combination property more balance optimizing and with the aluminium alloy of good quenching degree
In world forefront, but up to the present, except providing alloying component, other technologies are still blocked to China.
Problem for how to reduce quenching sensitive, many research institutions and scholar are proposed viewpoint and the side of oneself
Method, such as the composition proportion of adjustment main alloy element (Zn, Mg, Cu), reduce quenching sensitive alloying element (Cu, Cr etc.)
Content, further reduce and control impurity element (Fe, Si) content etc..But these viewpoints and method all exist in certain aspect
Limitation, even self-contradictory in some cases, up to the present, there has been no a kind of generally acknowledged more preferable theory to occur,
Also can be used in instructing the method for high-hardenability high intensity Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy composition design to be available for making without a kind of
With this constrains the industrial expansions such as Aero-Space, weaponry to a certain extent.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to be directed to present Al-Zn-Mg-Cu systems high-hardenability high intensity Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy
The problem of composition design theory and method lack, has invented one kind and can be used in instructing high-hardenability high intensity Al-Zn-Mg-Cu
The method of line aluminium alloy composition design.
The technical scheme is that：
A kind of method for designing high-hardenability high intensity Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy main component, it is characterised in that
When designing high-hardenability high intensity Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy main component, to obtain high-hardenability, in design Al-Zn-
During the mass percent of Mg-Cu line aluminium alloy main components, master alloying Elements Atom Zn, Mg, Cu and Al atom is first calculated
Semidiameter percentage summation δ so that the semidiameter percentage summation δ of master alloying Elements Atom Zn, Mg, Cu and Al atom expires
Foot 0.059%≤δ≤0.344%；δ values are the smaller the better within the above range simultaneously, are calculated by substituting into formula, find master alloying
Change element Zn, Mg, Cu each shared suitable mass percent in the alloy；To obtain high intensity, its composition should also follow
Following principle, the ratio of Zn and Mg mass percent should meet 4≤Wt in alloying elementZn/WtMg≤ 5.5, Mg quality hundred
Fraction WtMg1.4%≤Wt should be metMg≤ 3.5%.
Described Atomic radiuses difference percentage summation δ, its calculation formula are WtZnFor Zn in aluminium alloy shared mass percent, WtMgFor Mg in aluminium alloy shared mass percent,
WtCuFor Cu in aluminium alloy shared mass percent.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
(1) a kind of side for designing high-hardenability high intensity Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy main component proposed by the present invention
Method, at home and abroad category is pioneering, it is proposed that a kind of brand-new reliable composition design method, solves in high-hardenability high intensity
Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy composition design field there is no the problem of generally acknowledged and Exact Design method.
(2) present invention is by largely testing and calculating obtains a kind of preferably design high-hardenability high intensity Al-Zn-
The method of Mg-Cu line aluminium alloy main components, calculating is simple and convenient, and method is reliable.
(3) a kind of side for designing high-hardenability high intensity Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy main component proposed by the present invention
Method, it greatly simplify high-hardenability high intensity Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy composition design, and reliable and practical, certain journey
The industrial expansions such as Aero-Space, weaponry have been promoted on degree.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the dimensional drawing of end quenching bar of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is end quenching scene photograph of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is end quenching Bar Rolling Line cutting schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is tensile sample dimensional drawing of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the hardness-from the Jominy end-quench curves figure with a distance from quenched end of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 6 is the hardness-from the Jominy end-quench curves figure with a distance from quenched end of the embodiment of the present invention two.
Fig. 7 is the hardness-from the Jominy end-quench curves figure with a distance from quenched end of the embodiment of the present invention three.
Fig. 8 is the hardness-from the Jominy end-quench curves figure with a distance from quenched end of comparative example one of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the hardness-from the Jominy end-quench curves contrast with a distance from quenched end of the embodiment of the present invention one, two, three and comparative example one
Figure.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention and comparative example are elaborated below, the present embodiment using technical solution of the present invention before
Put and implemented, give detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to down
The embodiment stated.
In order to illustrate the embodiment of the present invention, 3 kinds of typical cases will be designed according to method provided by the present invention below
7000 line aluminium alloy compositions, in order to illustrate the reliability of method provided by the invention and superiority, will also provide a contrast
Example, is a kind of 7075 alloys, and the composition design of comparative example alloy is opposite with the principle in method provided by the invention.Will be above-mentioned
The wherein material of all embodiments and comparative example carries out following material preparation, heat treatment, quenching degree and stretching test.
Material preparation, heat treatment, quenching degree and stretching test scheme：
(1) prepared by material：
1) according to the alloying component molten alloy of design, smelting temperature is 850 DEG C~900 DEG C.
2) ingot casting being subjected to homogenizing anneal processing, mechanism of anneal is 470 DEG C × 24h, then cools to 200 DEG C with the furnace,
Finally take out air cooling.
3) hot extrusion processing is carried out to ingot casting, and then obtains a diameter of Φ 30mm extruded barses.Extrusion ratio is 20:1.
4) bar obtained in the previous step is processed into Φ 30mm × 40mm tension test bar and the end as shown in figure (1)
Bar of quenching is standby.
(2) it is heat-treated：
1) strengthened solution：Above-mentioned tension test bar and end quenching bar are subjected to strengthened solution, Intensive intervention
Mechanism is 470 DEG C × 2h+480 DEG C × 2h+490 DEG C × 2h.
2) Quenching Treatment：End quenching bar after above-mentioned Intensive intervention is subjected to end quenching at once, when quenching is shifted
Between be no more than 10 seconds, hardening media is 20 DEG C of water, and end quenching scene is as shown in figure (2)；Stretching after above-mentioned Intensive intervention is tried
Test bar and carry out Water Quenching, quenching shift time is no more than 10 seconds, directly immersed bar in 20 DEG C of clear water, until bar
Completely untill cooling.
3) Ageing Treatment：End quenching bar after above-mentioned Quenching Treatment and stretching experiment bar are subjected to Ageing Treatment,
Wherein 7085 and 7075 aluminium alloys take T76 Ageing Treatments, and ageing mechanism is 121 DEG C × 5h+153 DEG C × 16h, and the strong aluminium of superelevation closes
Gold takes T6 timeliness, and ageing mechanism is 121 DEG C × 24h.
(3) performance test：
1) quenching degree is tested：Using the method for wire cutting, bar is quenched according to the mode incision tip as shown in figure (3), will
The test piece brighten of well cutting, since small end, every a segment distance, a hardness is surveyed, hardness is depicted as hardness-from quenching
The Jominy end-quench curves of distance are held, it is specified that it is single-ended full hardening deepness that hardness, which declines 10%,.
2) extension test：Using wire cutting method, bar is cut into the tensile sample as shown in figure (4), stretched
Experiment, measure the tensile strength of sample.
Embodiment one
According to method provided by the invention, a kind of 7085 aluminium alloys are designed, its composition is Al-7Zn-1.41Mg-1.5Cu
With minimal amount of 0.4% Zr and 0.025% Sr, this alloy is referred to as 7085-1 alloys, by Zn, Mg, Cu quality percentage
Number substitutes into formulaCalculate this alloy Atomic radiuses difference hundred
Divide than summation δ=0.059%, WtZn/WtMg=4.96, and WtMg=1.41%, meet 0.059%≤δ≤0.344%, 4≤
WtZn/WtMg≤ 5.5,1.4%≤WtMg≤ 3.5%, by this alloy by above-mentioned material preparation, heat treatment, quenching degree and stretching
Performance test, draw out hardness-from the Jominy end-quench curves with a distance from quenched end as scheme (5) shown in, the list of the 7085-1 aluminium alloys of analysis
Full hardening deepness is held to be more than 140mm so its quenching degree is at least 280mm, quenching degree is very high, and its tensile strength is
518.25MPa。
Embodiment two
According to method provided by the invention, a kind of 7085 aluminium alloys are designed, its composition is Al-7.48Zn-1.51Mg-
1.42Cu and minimal amount of 0.4% Zr and 0.025% Sr, this alloy are referred to as 7085-2 alloys, by Zn, Mg, Cu matter
Measure percentage and substitute into formulaCalculate this alloy atom half
Footpath difference percentage summation δ=0.0959%, WtZn/WtMg=4.95, and WtMg=1.51%, 0.059%≤δ of satisfaction≤
0.344%, 4≤WtZn/WtMg≤ 5.5,1.4%≤WtMg≤ 3.5%, this alloy is prepared by above-mentioned material, is heat-treated, quenches
Permeability and stretching test, draw out hardness-from the Jominy end-quench curves with a distance from quenched end as scheme (6) shown in, analyze to obtain 7085-2
The single-ended full hardening deepness of aluminium alloy is more than 140mm so its quenching degree is at least 280mm, and quenching degree is very high, its tensile strength
For 517MPa.
Embodiment three
According to method provided by the invention, a kind of 7085 aluminium alloys are designed, its composition is Al-7.95Zn-1.8Mg-
1.59Cu and minimal amount of 0.4% Zr and 0.025% Sr, this alloy are referred to as 7085-3 alloys, by Zn, Mg, Cu matter
Measure percentage and substitute into formulaCalculate this alloy atom half
Footpath difference percentage summation δ=0.1833%, WtZn/WtMg=4.4, and WtMg=1.8%, meet 0.059%≤δ≤0.344%,
4≤WtZn/WtMg≤ 5.5,1.4%≤WtMg≤ 3.5%, by this alloy by above-mentioned material preparation, heat treatment, quenching degree and drawing
Performance test is stretched, draws out hardness-from the Jominy end-quench curves with a distance from quenched end as schemed shown in (7), to analyze to obtain 7085-1 aluminium alloys
Single-ended full hardening deepness is more than 140mm so its quenching degree is at least 280mm, and quenching degree is very high, and its tensile strength is
542.25MPa。
Comparative example one
A kind of 7075 aluminium alloys are designed, its composition is Al-5.6Zn-2.5Mg-1.6Cu, and this alloy is passed through into above-mentioned material
Prepared by material, heat treatment prepares laboratory sample, and carries out quenching degree and stretching test, by Zn, Mg, Cu mass percent generation
Enter formulaThe Atomic radiuses difference percentage of this alloy calculated
Summation δ=0.00648, WtZn/WtMg=2.24, and WtMg=2.5%, it is unsatisfactory for the condition of 0.059%≤δ≤0.344%, root
According to quenching degree experimental result, draw out hardness-from the Jominy end-quench curves with a distance from quenched end as schemed shown in (8), analyze this 7075
The single-ended full hardening deepness of aluminium alloy is about 36mm, so its quenching degree is 72mm, quenching degree is bad, is also unsatisfactory for 4≤WtZn/
WtMg≤ 5.5 condition, its tensile strength are 505MPa, and its tensile strength is not also high.
We are contrasted embodiment one, two, three and comparative example one, 7085-1,7085-2 of three embodiments offers,
The composition of 7085-3 alloys show that its quenching degree is all very high, and contrasts all in accordance with principle and method provided by the invention design
The composition of the alloy of example 1 is not consistent with principle provided by the invention, and quenching degree is very low, intensity also in this several alloy most
It is low, the hardness of four kinds of alloys-be plotted in from the Jominy end-quench curves with a distance from quenched end in a figure is contrasted, such as scheme shown in (9), can be with
It was found that it is at least 3.8 times of 7075 alloys by 7805 alloy quenching degree provided by the invention.It can be seen that composition provided by the present invention
The reasonability and superiority of design method.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of method for designing high-hardenability high-strength aluminum alloy main component, the high-strength aluminum alloy is Al-Zn-Mg-
Cu line aluminium alloys, it is characterised in that：To obtain high-hardenability, in the matter of design Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy main component
When measuring percentage, the semidiameter percentage summation δ of master alloying Elements Atom Zn, Mg, Cu and Al atom is first calculated so that main conjunction
The semidiameter percentage summation δ of alloying element atom Zn, Mg, Cu and Al atom meets 0.059%≤δ≤0.344%；δ simultaneously
Value is the smaller the better within the above range, is calculated by substituting into formula, finds master alloying element Zn, Mg, Cu each in the alloy
Shared suitable mass percent；To obtain high intensity, its composition should also follow following principle, Zn and Mg in alloying element
The ratio of mass percent should meet 4≤WtZn/WtMg≤ 5.5, Mg mass percent WtMg1.4%≤Wt should be metMg≤
3.5%；The semidiameter percentage summation δ of described master alloying Elements Atom Zn, Mg, Cu and Al atom, its calculation formula areWtZnFor Zn in aluminium alloy shared mass percent, WtMg
For Mg in aluminium alloy shared mass percent, WtCuFor Cu in aluminium alloy shared mass percent.
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| CN201610431322.0A CN105908028B (en) | 2016-06-16 | 2016-06-16 | A kind of method for designing high-hardenability high-strength aluminum alloy main component |
| PCT/CN2016/094097 WO2017215098A1 (en) | 2016-06-16 | 2016-08-09 | Method for designing major components of high-hardenability and high-strength aluminium alloys |
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| CN201610431322.0A CN105908028B (en) | 2016-06-16 | 2016-06-16 | A kind of method for designing high-hardenability high-strength aluminum alloy main component |
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| KR20010016472A (en) * | 2000-12-13 | 2001-03-05 | 주식회사 하바메탈 | Aluminium-magnesium-zinc-scandium alloy composition |
| US8043445B2 (en) * | 2003-06-06 | 2011-10-25 | Aleris Aluminum Koblenz Gmbh | High-damage tolerant alloy product in particular for aerospace applications |
| CA2627070C (en) * | 2005-10-25 | 2014-07-29 | Aleris Aluminum Koblenz Gmbh | Al-cu-mg alloy suitable for aerospace application |
| CN101701308B (en) * | 2009-11-11 | 2011-09-28 | 苏州有色金属研究院有限公司 | High-damage tolerance type ultrahigh strength aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN102703782A (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2012-10-03 | 北京工业大学 | Ultrahigh-strength high-hardenability Al, Zn, Mg and Cu alloy |
| CN104404321B (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2016-08-24 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | A kind of ultradeep well ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy drill pipe body and manufacture method thereof |
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