CN105906361B - Preparation method of carbon or carbon composite bulletproof material - Google Patents

Preparation method of carbon or carbon composite bulletproof material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105906361B
CN105906361B CN201610224618.5A CN201610224618A CN105906361B CN 105906361 B CN105906361 B CN 105906361B CN 201610224618 A CN201610224618 A CN 201610224618A CN 105906361 B CN105906361 B CN 105906361B
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bulletproof material
bulletproof
sintering
temperature
carbon
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CN105906361A (en
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曹海建
季涛
陈红霞
高强
孙启龙
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Nantong University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/71—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents
    • C04B35/78—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents containing non-metallic materials
    • C04B35/80—Fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like
    • C04B35/83—Carbon fibres in a carbon matrix
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a carbon or carbon composite bulletproof material, and relates to the technical field of bulletproof material preparation; firstly, preparing a bulletproof material prefabricated part; secondly, composite molding of the bulletproof material prefabricated part; thirdly, high-temperature sintering of the bulletproof material prefabricated part; fourthly, repeatedly dipping and sintering the bulletproof material at high temperature; fifthly, in-situ sintering of the bulletproof material; and sixthly, taking out the bulletproof material after the bulletproof material is naturally cooled, and carrying out post-treatment on the bulletproof material. The prepared bulletproof material has the characteristics of light weight, high strength, high hardness, high compression strength, high bulletproof grade, good multiple bulletproof performance and the like, and can be used for protecting ultrahigh-speed steel core bullets and armor-piercing bullets.

Description

Preparation method of carbon or carbon composite bulletproof material
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of bulletproof materials, in particular to a preparation method of a carbon or carbon composite bulletproof material.
Background
Currently, bulletproof materials are mainly classified into three types, namely soft bulletproof materials, semi-hard bulletproof materials and hard bulletproof materials. The soft bulletproof material is mainly a fiber reinforced composite material prepared by taking high-performance fibers (aramid fibers, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers and the like) as raw materials, and is mainly used for protecting low-speed bullets (the bullet speed is about 500m/s, and the bullet type is mainly lead bullet). The general structure of the semi-hard bulletproof material is that hard materials (special steel, ceramic plates and the like) and high-performance fiber reinforced composite materials are compounded for use, and the semi-hard bulletproof material is mainly used for protecting high-speed bullets (the bullet speed is about 600m/s, and the bullet type is mainly steel core bullets). The hard bulletproof material mainly takes hard materials (special steel, ceramic plates and the like) as main materials and is mainly used for protecting high-speed and high-energy bullets (the bullet speed is about 700m/s, and the bullet type mainly takes steel core bullets and the like).
Researches show that the development of the bulletproof material with ultrahigh bullet speed (the bullet speed is over 800m/s, and the bullet types comprise steel core bullets, armor piercing bullets and the like) is not very good in China at present. The major problems that arise include: the bulletproof material is easy to be punctured; the ceramic plate has large brittleness and is easy to crack under the impact; the surface density of the bulletproof material is larger, and the like, and needs to be improved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a carbon or carbon composite bulletproof material with reasonable design aiming at the defects and the defects of the prior art, and the prepared bulletproof material has the characteristics of light weight, high strength, high hardness, high compression strength, high bulletproof grade, good multiple bulletproof performance and the like, and can be used for protecting ultrahigh-speed steel core bullets and armor-piercing bullets.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing a bulletproof material prefabricated part: the carbon fiber is used as a raw material, and a three-dimensional weaving process is adopted to integrally prepare a three-dimensional bulletproof material prefabricated part (the three-dimensional weaving structure is adopted, so that the volume content of the fiber in the bulletproof composite material is favorably improved, and the impact resistance, the multiple bulletproof performance, the compression resistance and the like of the bulletproof material are enhanced);
secondly, composite molding of the bulletproof material prefabricated part: taking phenolic resin as a matrix, adopting a high-pressure (0.1-2 MPa) impregnation process, carrying out high-pressure impregnation composite molding on the phenolic resin matrix and the three-dimensional bulletproof material prefabricated part, wherein the impregnation time is 10-60 min, and adopting a steel high-pressure-resistant sealed container.
Thirdly, high-temperature sintering of the preformed bulletproof material: and (3) putting the three-dimensional bulletproof material prefabricated part impregnated with the phenolic resin matrix into a high-temperature sintering furnace for sintering at high pressure (20-30 MPa) and high temperature (600-1200 ℃), and enhancing the hardness and compactness of the material. Wherein the sintering time is divided into 16-20h of temperature rise time and 1-1.5 h of heat preservation time.
Fourthly, repeatedly dipping and sintering the bulletproof material at high temperature: and (5) repeating the processes (II) and (III) for 10-12 times in sequence to further harden and densify the bulletproof material.
Fifthly, in-situ sintering of the bulletproof material: introducing CH into a high-temperature sintering furnace under the protection of inert gas4、C2H2Subjecting the bulletproof material preform to high temperature by using a gas source with high carbon content(800-3)。
And sixthly, taking out the bulletproof material after the bulletproof material is naturally cooled, and carrying out post-treatment on the bulletproof material. The method mainly comprises the steps of sample preparation of the bulletproof material finished product, polishing treatment, weighing and the like.
After adopting the structure, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the bulletproof material manufactured by the method has the characteristics of light weight, high strength, high hardness, high compression strength, high bulletproof grade, good multiple bulletproof performance and the like, and can be used for protecting ultrahigh-speed steel core bullets and armor-piercing bullets.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme adopted by the specific implementation mode is as follows: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing a bulletproof material prefabricated part: the carbon fiber is used as a raw material, and a three-dimensional weaving process is adopted to integrally prepare a three-dimensional bulletproof material prefabricated part (the three-dimensional weaving structure is adopted, so that the volume content of the fiber in the bulletproof composite material is favorably improved, and the impact resistance, the multiple bulletproof performance, the compression resistance and the like of the bulletproof material are enhanced);
secondly, composite molding of the bulletproof material prefabricated part: taking phenolic resin as a matrix, adopting a high-pressure (0.1-2 MPa) impregnation process, carrying out high-pressure impregnation composite molding on the phenolic resin matrix and the three-dimensional bulletproof material prefabricated part, wherein the impregnation time is 10-60 min, the impregnation temperature is room temperature, and adopting a steel high-pressure-resistant sealed container;
thirdly, high-temperature sintering of the preformed bulletproof material: putting the three-dimensional bulletproof material prefabricated part impregnated with the phenolic resin matrix into a high-temperature sintering furnace for sintering at high pressure (20-30 MPa) and high temperature (600-1200 ℃), and enhancing the hardness and compactness of the material;
thirdly, high-temperature sintering of the preformed bulletproof material: and (3) putting the three-dimensional bulletproof material prefabricated part impregnated with the phenolic resin matrix into a high-temperature sintering furnace for sintering at high pressure (20-30 MPa) and high temperature (600-1200 ℃), and enhancing the hardness and compactness of the material. Wherein the sintering time is divided into 16-20h of temperature rise time and 1-1.5 h of heat preservation time.
Fourthly, repeatedly dipping and sintering the bulletproof material at high temperature: and (5) repeating the processes (II) and (III) for 10-12 times in sequence to further harden and densify the bulletproof material.
Fifthly, in-situ sintering of the bulletproof material: introducing CH into a high-temperature sintering furnace under the protection of inert gas4、C2H2And (3) carrying out high-temperature (800-1500 ℃) in-situ sintering on the bulletproof material for 100-240 hours by using a gas source with high carbon content, so that the hardness and compactness of the bulletproof material meet the requirements of the bulletproof material (the density is 1.6-2.0 g/cm)3)。
And sixthly, taking out the bulletproof material after the bulletproof material is naturally cooled, and carrying out post-treatment on the bulletproof material. The method mainly comprises the steps of sample preparation of the bulletproof material finished product, polishing treatment, weighing and the like.
After adopting above-mentioned structure, this embodiment beneficial effect does: the bulletproof material manufactured by the method has the characteristics of light weight, high strength, high hardness, high compression strength, high bulletproof grade, good multiple bulletproof performance and the like, and can be used for protecting ultrahigh-speed steel core bullets and armor-piercing bullets.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and other modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A preparation method of a carbon or carbon composite bulletproof material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
preparing a preformed unit of the bulletproof material: the method comprises the following steps of (1) integrally preparing a three-dimensional bulletproof material prefabricated part by using carbon fibers as a raw material through a three-dimensional weaving process;
(II) composite molding of the preformed bulletproof material: taking phenolic resin as a matrix, adopting a high-pressure 0.1-2 MPa impregnation process, carrying out high-pressure impregnation composite molding on the phenolic resin matrix and the three-dimensional bulletproof material prefabricated part, wherein the impregnation time is 10-60 min, and adopting a steel high-pressure-resistant sealed container;
and (III) high-temperature sintering of the preformed bulletproof material: placing the three-dimensional bulletproof material prefabricated part impregnated with the phenolic resin matrix into a high-temperature sintering furnace for sintering at high pressure of 20-30 MPa and high temperature of 600-1200 ℃, and enhancing the hardness and compactness of the bulletproof material; wherein the sintering time is divided into 16-20h of heating time and 1-1.5 h of heat preservation time;
and (IV) repeatedly dipping the bulletproof material and sintering at high temperature: repeating the processes (II) and (III) for 10-12 times in sequence to further harden and densify the bulletproof material;
and (V) in-situ sintering of the bulletproof material: introducing CH into a high-temperature sintering furnace under the protection of inert gas4、C2H2The gas source is used for carrying out in-situ sintering on the bulletproof material at the temperature of 800-1500 ℃, and the sintering time is 100-240 hours, so that the hardness and the compactness of the bulletproof material meet the density of the bulletproof material of 1.6-2.0 g/cm3Requiring;
and (VI) after the bulletproof material is naturally cooled, taking out the bulletproof material, and carrying out post-treatment on the bulletproof material.
CN201610224618.5A 2016-04-13 2016-04-13 Preparation method of carbon or carbon composite bulletproof material Active CN105906361B (en)

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CN108892525B (en) * 2018-08-21 2021-02-26 南通大学 Preparation method of ceramic/ceramic hard bulletproof material

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