CN105896543B - A kind of electric system Real-time Power Flow control method of compatible FACTS equipment - Google Patents
A kind of electric system Real-time Power Flow control method of compatible FACTS equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN105896543B CN105896543B CN201610368434.6A CN201610368434A CN105896543B CN 105896543 B CN105896543 B CN 105896543B CN 201610368434 A CN201610368434 A CN 201610368434A CN 105896543 B CN105896543 B CN 105896543B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/04—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for connecting networks of the same frequency but supplied from different sources
- H02J3/06—Controlling transfer of power between connected networks; Controlling sharing of load between connected networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of electric system Real-time Power Flow control methods of compatible FACTS equipment.It is formulated including generation schedule, ultra-short term generation schedule corrects, Generation Control and the trend based on safety correct, under the premise of meeting electric system economy, security constraint, conventional Load Flow control device and FACTS equipment are coordinated in time scale, it is optimal to reach the distribution of the trend within the scope of certain time.This method is not only compatible with existing electric power system tide adjustment and control system, but also has higher engineering practicability.
Description
Technical field
Apparatus of the present invention belong to new energy field, are related to conventional Load Flow control means and FACTS equipment in time scale
Coordinating control improves trend distribution, and the Real-time Power Flow for being suitable for electric system controls.
Background technology
FACTS although (Flexible AC Transmission Systems, flexible AC transmitting system) equipment and technology
It is bright in the safety and stability performance that the trend of the ability to transmit electricity, improvement system that improve circuit is distributed and improves system etc. effect
It is aobvious, but this technology is still incomplete at present.During development, also there are some problems.Including how carrying
The design level of high FACTS equipment and technologies, the reciprocal effect etc. how eliminated or reduced as far as possible between FACTS equipment are asked
Topic.Most FACTS equipment and technologies are by series power electronic equipment, parallel power electronic equipment or connection in series-parallel electric power electricity
Made of sub- equipment combination, operation principle is to be saved by quickly adjusting the parameter of force device to reach to change in electric system
The purpose of the injecting power of point or the equiva lent impedance of branch, to realize expected control targe.But many times, due to setting
Meter is horizontal limited, limits it and gives full play to it adjusts trend, enhancing stablizes, improves electrical grid transmission ability etc. in the power system
The actual effect of aspect.
In addition, the unit price of FACTS equipment and technologies is prohibitively expensive.The great advantage of FACTS equipment is that it can be quick
Control POWER SYSTEM STATE.But power flow regulating at a slow speed is many times needed in electric system, and some conventional controls
Equipment can complete corresponding task well, such as can switching fixed series compensation, can switching shunt capacitance.Therefore, how will
FACTS equipment carries out coordinating to control having great importance with existing conventional control.Conventional Load Flow control device in power grid
Will be more and more with FACTS equipment, operation control will be more and more complicated.It is therefore desirable to regard to its control mechanism in bulk power grid
Time range in carry out certain differentiation and coordination.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is being directed to the defects of aforementioned background art and deficiency, a kind of compatible FACTS equipment of proposition
Electric system Real-time Power Flow control method.Improving system load flow distribution side for conventional Load Flow control device and FACTS equipment
The effect (soon with slowly) in face, conventional Load Flow control device and the control ability of FACTS equipment are divided in time scale,
It is used eventually by by conventional Load Flow control device and the cooperation control of FACTS equipment coordinations, improves system load flow point to reach
The effect of cloth.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows, a kind of electric system Real-time Power Flow controlling party of compatible FACTS equipment
Method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
1) generation schedule is formulated, according to bus load prediction data a few days ago, wind-powered electricity generation prediction data, Hydro-Thermal Systems Transaction algorithm number
According to by dynamic programming algorithm, the load section of each period of Optimum next day formulates generation schedule, only uses often
Advise the trend distribution of power flow control devices control system；
2) ultra-short term generation schedule corrects, and according to the ultra-short term prediction data of load and electric energy, is controlled by conventional Load Flow
Equipment and the distribution of the trend of FACTS equipment mutual cooperation common control systems carry out the generation schedule formulated before ultrashort
Phase generation schedule corrects；
3) Generation Control is not involved in power flowcontrol in this stage conventional Load Flow control device, and system is controlled by FACTS equipment
The trend of system is distributed；
The trend for carrying out safety is corrected in the case of grid collapses, will specially be generated due to electric network fault
The formulation of generation schedule is added as constraints for security constraint and the correction of ultra-short term generation schedule, this stage only pass through FACTS
Equipment carries out Real-time Power Flow control.
Further, cooperating to conventional Load Flow control device and FACTS equipment in the step 2), it is excellent to use
Change model such as following formula：
st.F(X,Uref,Vref)=0 (2)
Xmin≤X≤Xmax(including security constraint) (3)
Umin≤U≤Umax (4)
Vmin≤V≤Vmax (5)
In formula, (Ui ref-Ui) be i-th conventional Load Flow control device used controlled quentity controlled variable, aiFor corresponding power
Value；(Vj ref-Vj) be jth platform FACTS equipment used controlled quentity controlled variable, bjFor corresponding weights；For i-th routine
The median of power flow control devices adjusting range, UiFor i-th practical input amount of conventional Load Flow control device,For jth platform
The median of FACTS equipment adjusting ranges, VjIt is state variable, X for the practical input amount of jth platform FACTS equipment, XminFor state
The minimum value of variable security constraint, XmaxFor the maximum value of state variable security constraint；U, which is that conventional Load Flow control device is practical, to be thrown
Enter amount, UminThe minimum value of the practical input amount security constraint of conventional Load Flow control device, UmaxIt is practical for conventional Load Flow control device
The maximum value of input amount security constraint；V is the practical input amount of FACTS equipment, VminAbout for the practical input amount safety of FACTS equipment
The minimum value of beam, VmaxIt is practical for FACTS equipment
The maximum value of input amount security constraint；VrefFor the median of FACTS equipment adjusting ranges.
Further, the time scale of generation schedule is 24 hours, i.e., formulates a generation schedule within 24 hours；Ultra-short term is sent out
The time scale of electricity plan correction is 5~15 minutes, i.e., a ultra-short term generation schedule correction was carried out every 5~15 minutes；Hair
The time scale of electric control is 1~2 minute, the time scale of trend based on static security correction be second grade (i.e. 60 seconds it
It is interior).
It is had the beneficial effect that caused by the present invention：
(1) present invention disclosure satisfy that conventional Load Flow control means are used to improve the limitation item of trend distribution with FACTS equipment
Part, and the utilization rate of FACTS equipment can be improved.
(2) present invention can reduce cost of investment, avoid the generation of wasting phenomenon.Economic advantages are not only brought, band is gone back
Carry out security advantages, that is, improves the safety index of system.
In conclusion the present invention is in original conventional Load Flow control device and on the basis of FACTS equipment, by conventional Load Flow
Control device is divided with FACTS equipment in time scale, and the trend distribution of control improvement system is coordinated.The reality of the method
It is existing simpler reliable, there is higher engineering practicability.
Figure of abstract
Fig. 1 is the time scale division figure that conventional Load Flow control device participates in power flowcontrol with FACTS equipment；
Fig. 2 is simple 3 node system figure of the invention；
The flow chart of step 2 and step 3 in the present invention of the positions Fig. 3.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figs. 1-3, the present invention includes generation schedule formulation, the correction of ultra-short term generation schedule, Generation Control and is based on
The trend correction of safety.The time scale that generation schedule is formulated is 24 hours, and the time scale of ultra-short term generation schedule correction is
The time scale of 5min~15min, Generation Control are 1min~2min, and the time scale of the trend correction based on static security is
Second grade (within i.e. 60 seconds).The present invention is as follows：
Step 1：The generation schedule formulates the stage, and main task is to determine second day plan generated energy and its in each hair
Specific distribution condition between motor group.Plan generated energy is exactly on the basis of estimated daily load curve, in addition right quantity
Stand-by heat capacity.Stand-by heat capacity is mainly used for compensating for be drawn by load fluctuation, daily load curve error and various accidents etc.
The power shortage risen.Under the premise of ensureing power grid security, reliability service, economy is to formulate to plan main target a few days ago, because
This formulates plan a few days ago and needs to optimize calculating.The control variable of planning phase includes the start and stop shape of generating set a few days ago
State, transformer gear, the switching of shunt capacitance reactor and gear, the active power output etc. for starting unit.
The optimization problem of discontinuity surface when the optimization problem of continuous time being reduced to more in the works a few days ago, generally even by one day
24 continuous hours are discrete discontinuity surface when being 96, i.e., discontinuity surface when taking one in every 15 minutes.The target planned a few days ago is no longer
Expense summation in continuous 24 hours is minimum, but considers that the expense summation of 96 discrete instants is minimum.Plan takes into account a few days ago
The economy of operation of power networks and safety.Plan is PREDICTIVE CONTROL a few days ago, is the equal of more smart to time scale shorter below
True control provides a base value.Therefore, conventional Load Flow control device control system trend is only used under this time scale, is protected
Demonstrate,prove the economy and security and stability of electric system.And the control surplus of FACTS equipment as much as possible is left for time scale
Shorter control is spare.
Step 2：The ultra-short term generation schedule calibration phase, time scale are 5min~15min, i.e. 5min~15min
Correction is primary.Ultra-short term (5min~15min) prediction data according to load and electric energy is referred specifically to, to the power generation meter formulated before
It draws and is checked and corrected, so that operation of power networks state is closer to actual requirement.
Ultra-short term plan correction also belong to PREDICTIVE CONTROL, be AGC (Automatic Generation Control, automatically
Generation Control) provide a base value.Therefore power flowcontrol should be carried out using conventional Load Flow control device to ensure that power grid is transported as possible
Capable economy and security and stability, and the control surplus of FACTS equipment as much as possible, leave next stage Generation Control rank for
Section.The capacity distribution of specific conventional Load Flow equipment and FACTS equipment can realize that optimization method is built by adding following optimization algorithm
It stands on the basis of power flow equation, i.e.,
st.F(X,Uref,Vref)=0 (2)
Xmin≤X≤Xmax(including security constraint) (3)
Umin≤U≤Umax (4)
Vmin≤V≤Vmax (5)
In formula (1), (Ui ref-Ui) be i-th conventional Load Flow control device used controlled quentity controlled variable, aiIt is corresponding
Weights；(Vj ref-Vj) be jth platform FACTS equipment used controlled quentity controlled variable, bjFor corresponding weights；It is i-th
The median of conventional Load Flow control device adjusting range, UiFor i-th practical input amount of conventional Load Flow control device,For jth
The median of platform FACTS equipment adjusting ranges, VjIt is state variable, X for the practical input amount of jth platform FACTS equipment, XminFor shape
The minimum value of state variable security constraint, XmaxFor the maximum value of state variable security constraint；U is that conventional Load Flow control device is practical
Input amount, UminThe minimum value of the practical input amount security constraint of conventional Load Flow control device, UmaxIt is real for conventional Load Flow control device
The maximum value of border input amount security constraint；V is the practical input amount of FACTS equipment, VminFor the practical input amount safety of FACTS equipment
The minimum value of constraint, VmaxFor the maximum value of the practical input amount security constraint of FACTS equipment；VrefFor FACTS equipment adjusting ranges
Median.
Based on above-mentioned optimization formula it is found that make target function value minimum in the case where meeting certain condition it is necessary to weigh
It is worth larger entry value smaller, the larger item of weights can be larger.To by above-mentioned optimization, ensure that electrical network economy, safety are steady
It sets the goal down, more quick control surplus can be reserved to next stage.
In the economy for meeting power flowcontrol, under security constraints, to obtain the minimum value of above formula, must just coordinate to match
Close conventional Load Flow control device and FACTS equipment.
Step 3：The Generation Control stage, time scale are 1min~2min, refer to incorporating existing AGC platforms, often
1min~2min carries out primary adjusting generating set output power by control to adapt to the feedback control of load fluctuation.Electric power
The imbalance of power will lead to the offset of frequency in system, so the frequency of power grid can be as control generated output power
One information.
Under the time scale of this 1min~2min, the stage has been arranged one to conventional Load Flow control device in front
A little capacity carry out power flowcontrol.At this point, under the premise of meeting power system security constraints, conventional Load Flow control device is not involved in electric power
The power flowcontrol of system is distributed by the FACTS equipment with more residual accommodation capacity to improve the trend of system.
When power grid is under fault condition, the topological structure of power grid may change, can be by these security constraints
Generation schedule is added as constraints to formulate and the correction of ultra-short term generation schedule, progress real-time control.
The time scale of trend correction based on static security reaches second grade, and conventional Load Flow control means cannot be fine
Completion task.At this point, in order to meet security constraints, need to carry out using the FACTS equipment with residual accommodation capacity
Real-time control.
In conclusion the present invention is in original conventional Load Flow control device and on the basis of FACTS equipment, by conventional Load Flow
Control device is divided with FACTS equipment in time scale, and the trend distribution of control improvement system is coordinated.The reality of the method
It is existing simpler reliable, there is higher engineering practicability.Simple 3 node system described below is used for illustrating routine
The cooperation problem of power flow control devices and FACTS equipment.
Simple 3 node system figure as shown in Figure 2, including a two generator node G and load bus L, 3
A branch installing TCSC (Thyristor Controlled Series Compensation, controlled series compensation) in branch, one
Item installs SC (fixed series compensation device).It, can be by adjusting respectively in the case where ensureing that system generated energy is balanced with load
The generated energy of two generators is saved to change the trend in branch, this belongs to conventional Load Flow control measures；Change its institute by SC
In the impedance magnitude of circuit, thus it is possible to vary the trend of system, but SC response speeds (generally follow plan to put into or exit fortune relatively slowly
Row, or rely on manual control) belonging to conventional Load Flow adjusting device, it is contemplated that service life is put into or exits daily number
Also limited.The principle that TCSC regulates and controls system load flow is identical with SC, but its response speed is much faster, and can realize string
Enter the electrodeless variation of branch reactance, certain cost will be far above SC.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, several improvement and deformations can also be made, these improvement and deformations
Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of electric system Real-time Power Flow control method of compatible FACTS equipment, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
1) generation schedule is formulated, according to bus load prediction data a few days ago, wind-powered electricity generation prediction data, Hydro-Thermal Systems Transaction algorithm data,
By dynamic programming algorithm, the load section of each period of Optimum next day formulates generation schedule, this period is only
It is distributed using the trend of conventional Load Flow control device control system；
2) ultra-short term generation schedule corrects, and according to the ultra-short term prediction data of load and electric energy, passes through conventional Load Flow control device
And the trend distribution of FACTS equipment mutual cooperation common control systems, ultra-short term hair is carried out to the generation schedule formulated before
Electricity plan correction；
3) Generation Control is not involved in power flowcontrol in this stage conventional Load Flow control device, only passes through FACTS apparatus control systems
Trend distribution；
The trend based on static security will be carried out in the case of grid collapses to correct, and will specially be produced due to electric network fault
The formulation of generation schedule is added as constraints for raw security constraint and the correction of ultra-short term generation schedule, this stage only pass through
FACTS equipment carries out Real-time Power Flow control.
2. the electric system Real-time Power Flow control method of compatible FACTS equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The Optimized model such as following formula that conventional Load Flow control device and the mutual cooperation of FACTS equipment are used in the step 2)：
st.F(X,Uref,Vref)=0 (2)
Xmin≤X≤Xmax (3)
Umin≤U≤Umax (4)
Vmin≤V≤Vmax (5)
In formula, (Ui ref-Ui) be i-th conventional Load Flow control device used controlled quentity controlled variable, ai be corresponding weights；
(Vj ref-Vj) be jth platform FACTS equipment used controlled quentity controlled variable, bjFor corresponding weights；For i-th conventional tide
The median of flow control device adjusting range, UrefIndicate median, the U of conventional Load Flow control device adjusting rangeiIt is i-th
The practical input amount of conventional Load Flow control device,Median, V for jth platform FACTS equipment adjusting rangesjFor jth platform FACTS
The practical input amount of equipment, X are state variable, XminFor the minimum value of state variable security constraint, XmaxAbout for state variable safety
The maximum value of beam；U is the practical input amount of conventional Load Flow control device, UminThe practical input amount safety of conventional Load Flow control device is about
The minimum value of beam, UmaxFor the maximum value of the practical input amount security constraint of conventional Load Flow control device；V, which is that FACTS equipment is practical, to be thrown
Enter amount, VminFor the minimum value of the practical input amount security constraint of FACTS equipment, VmaxAbout for the practical input amount safety of FACTS equipment
The maximum value of beam；VrefFor the median of FACTS equipment adjusting ranges.
3. the electric system Real-time Power Flow control method of compatible FACTS equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The time scale of generation schedule is 24 hours, i.e., formulates a generation schedule within 24 hours；The time of ultra-short term generation schedule correction
Scale is 5~15 minutes, i.e., a ultra-short term generation schedule correction was carried out every 5~15 minutes；The time scale of Generation Control
It it is 1~2 minute, the time scale of the trend correction based on static security is second grade.
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