CN105891081B - Micro- plastics concentration detection apparatus and method in air - Google Patents
Micro- plastics concentration detection apparatus and method in air Download PDFInfo
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- CN105891081B CN105891081B CN201610498760.9A CN201610498760A CN105891081B CN 105891081 B CN105891081 B CN 105891081B CN 201610498760 A CN201610498760 A CN 201610498760A CN 105891081 B CN105891081 B CN 105891081B
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- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 168
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000643 oven drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 101100298222 Caenorhabditis elegans pot-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920000426 Microplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 210000002345 respiratory system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
- G01N1/24—Suction devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/34—Purifying; Cleaning
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
- G01N15/0606—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions by collecting particles on a support
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3504—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing gases, e.g. multi-gas analysis
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3504—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing gases, e.g. multi-gas analysis
- G01N21/3518—Devices using gas filter correlation techniques; Devices using gas pressure modulation techniques
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
- G01N15/075—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions by optical means
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
Micro- plastics concentration detection apparatus in a kind of air, including the ultrapure water pot of glass, glass air-washer, glass filtration device, air extraction pump；The ultrapure water pot of the glass and glass air-washer are connected by glass tube, and the first valve is equipped on the glass tube between the ultrapure water pot of the glass and glass air-washer；The lower part and the top of glass filtration device of the glass air-washer are connected by glass tube, and the second valve is equipped on the glass tube between the glass air-washer and glass filtration device；The glass air-washer, glass filtration device, air extraction pump pass through the identical connection of glass tube, gas flowmeter is installed on the glass tube of connection glass air-washer, third valve and the 4th valve are being installed close to the intersection of three glass tubes being connected.It is calculated by the method for air extraction pumping gas and extracts volume of air, count the quantity of micro- plastics under the microscope, you can detect the concentration of micro- plastics in acquisition air.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to micro- plastics concentration detection apparatus in depollution of environment process field more particularly to a kind of air.
Background technology
Micro- one word of plastics by Thompson et al. 2004 in Science magazines deliver about ocean water body and
It is introduced for the first time in plastic flakes research paper in deposit.Although researcher gives micro- modeling according to the size of plastics individual
Expect different definition, but micro- plastics are more defined as：Diameter is less than the plastic grain of 5mm.Since micro- plastic pollution has
Have the characteristics of global, popularity, started from foreign countries to the country in recent years largely to Yu Haiyang emerging pollutant --- it is micro-
The research of plastics, the problem cause the concern of national governments, media and researcher.
Yang et al.2015 have found that similary plastics are made also containing micro- plastic grain in salt in the edible salt of China
For the mankind land manufacture organic polymer, short grained micro- plastics as minor individual (<5mm), while there is air to hang
The characteristic of floating particles object can be taken in air because of air motion, the respiratory system of people is damaged.It is however special at present right
It is more lacked in the detection method of this aerial concentration of micro plastic particle.
Micro- plastic pollution problem belongs to global pollution problem, it has a very wide distribution in air, the concentration order of magnitude compared with
Small, China still lacks effective concentration detection apparatus at present.
Invention content
It is an object of the present invention to solve the deficiency of the existing technology and provide plastics concentration detection apparatus micro- in a kind of air
And flow and method, for detecting micro- plastics concentration in the air of various regions.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions：
The present invention provides plastics concentration detection apparatus micro- in a kind of air, are filled including the ultrapure water pot of glass, glass gas washing
It puts, glass filtration device, air extraction pump.
The ultrapure water pot of the glass and glass air-washer are connected by glass tube, in the ultrapure water pot of the glass and
First valve is installed, first valve is installed close to glass air-washer on the glass tube between glass air-washer.
The lower part and the top of glass filtration device of the glass air-washer are connected by glass tube, in the glass
Second valve is installed, second valve is close to glass gas washing on the glass tube between glass air-washer and glass filtration device
Device is installed.
The glass air-washer, glass filtration device pump with air extraction be connected by glass tube respectively, even
It connects and gas flowmeter is installed on the glass tube of glass air-washer, close to the glass air-washer, glass filtration device
The intersection of three glass tubes being connected respectively with air extraction pump is equipped with third valve and the 4th valve, the third
Valve is mounted on the glass tube of connection glass air-washer, and the 4th valve is mounted on the glass of connection glass filtration device
Guan Shang.
Micro- plastics concentration detection apparatus in above-mentioned air, wherein, it further includes：Glass fiber filter paper, the glass fibre
Filter paper is arranged in glass filtration device.
Micro- plastics concentration detection apparatus in above-mentioned air, wherein, a diameter of 47mm of glass fiber filter paper, filter membrane hole
Diameter is 0.7um.
Micro- plastics concentration detection apparatus in above-mentioned air, wherein, it further includes：Glass air-washer upper end setting one into
Gas hood is provided with air inlet pipe in the airscoop shroud, and the internal diameter of the air inlet pipe is 5mm.
The present invention also provides plastics concentration detection method micro- in a kind of air, using plastics concentration micro- in above-mentioned air
Detection device is detected, including at least following steps：
Step 1, the first valve is opened, closes the second valve, third valve, the 4th valve, is allowed in the ultrapure water pot of glass
Ultra-pure water is flowed by glass tube in glass air-washer, when the liquid level of ultra-pure water in glass air-washer reaches 200ml
During place, the first valve is closed.
Step 2, the first valve, the second valve, the 4th valve is kept to be closed, opens third valve, will connect
The air extraction pump of electricity is opened, and is evacuated, and is evacuated front and rear reading V1, the V2 for reading air flow meter, is evacuated volume=V2-
V1。
Step 3, third valve is closed, the first valve is kept to be closed, is placed in glass filtration device clean
Filter sizes for 0.7um glass fiber filter papers, open the second valve and the 4th valve, make to contain micro- modeling in glass air-washer
The ultra-pure water of material is entered in glass filtration device, and the negative pressure generated by air extraction pump, the ultra-pure water of outflow is quickly in glass
Filtering finishes in glass filter device.
Step 4, after filtering, the second valve is closed, opens the first valve, ultra-pure water is allowed to reach glass gas washing dress again
At the 200ml graduation marks put, the first valve is turned off, the second valve is opened, makes clean ultrapure water glass air-washer
With may adhere to remaining micro- plastics in glass tube, go successively to filter in glass filtration device.
Step 5, the glass fiber filter paper after being filtered in glass filtration device is placed in clean glass culture dish, passed through
Clean airtight oven drying is crossed, is observed under Stereo microscope and chooses doubtful micro- plastic grain, by doubtful micro- plastics
Grain is irised out to send to micro ft-ir spectroscopy instrument to detect with pen under the microscope to be confirmed, micro- plastic grain quantity after determining is denoted as N.
Step 6, micro- plastics concentration in air is finally calculated, micro- plastics concentration=N/ (V2-V1) in air.
Micro- plastics concentration detection method in above-mentioned air, wherein, in the step 2, the air extraction pumping gas
Time is 4-6 hours.
Micro- plastics concentration detection method in above-mentioned air, wherein, in the step 5, the baking oven drying temperature is 55
DEG C, drying time is 1-2 hours.
In conclusion micro- plastics concentration detection apparatus provided by the invention is efficiently, reliably, solves air currently on the market
In micro- plastics concentration detection apparatus missing situation, provide reliable solution for plastics Concentration Testing micro- in air.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of micro- plastics concentration detection apparatus in air of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of micro- plastics concentration detection method in air of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of micro- plastics arrived in the air detection of the present invention.
Reference numeral：
The ultrapure water pot of 1 glass
2 glass air-washers
3 glass filtration devices
4 air extractions pump
5 first valves
6 second valves
7 gas flowmeters
8 third valves
9 the 4th valves
10 glass fiber filter papers
11 airscoop shrouds
12 air inlet pipe.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is referred to, the present invention provides plastics concentration detection apparatus micro- in a kind of air, for detecting in the air of various regions
Micro- plastics concentration.Micro- plastics concentration detection apparatus includes the ultrapure water pot 1 of glass, glass air-washer 2, glass filtration in air
Device 3, air extraction pump 4, the peak suction of air extraction pump 4 is 75mmHg.
A diameter of 47mm is provided in glass filtration device 3, the glass fiber filter paper 10 that filter sizes are 0.7um.
2 upper end of glass air-washer sets an airscoop shroud 11, and air inlet pipe 12 is provided in airscoop shroud 11, and the internal diameter of air inlet pipe 12 is 5mm,
Purpose is in order to the plastic grain for being defined as below 5mm can be entered in glass air-washer 2.
The ultrapure water pot 1 of glass and glass air-washer 2 are connected by glass tube, in the ultrapure water pot 1 of glass and glass
First valve 5 is installed, the first valve 5 is arranged close to a left side for glass air-washer 2 on the glass tube between air-washer 2
Side.
The lower part of glass air-washer 2 and the top of glass filtration device 3 are connected by glass tube, in glass gas washing
Second valve 6 is installed, the second valve 6 is arranged close to glass gas washing on the glass tube between device and glass filtration device 3
The right side of device 2.
Glass air-washer 2, glass filtration device 3 are connected respectively with air extraction pump 4 by glass tube, are being connected
Gas flowmeter 7 on the glass tube of glass air-washer 2 is installed, is divided close to glass air-washer 2, glass filtration device 3
The intersection of three glass tubes not being connected with air extraction pump 4 is equipped with 8 and the 4th valve 9 of third valve, third valve
Door 8 is mounted on the glass tube of connection glass air-washer 2, and the 4th valve 9 is mounted on the glass tube of connection glass filtration device 3
On.
The filter paper of the present invention is using glass fibre material, the ultrapure water pot 1 of glass, glass air-washer 2, the glass of package unit
Glass filter device 3, glass tube, the first valve 5, the second valve 6, third valve 8, the 4th valve 9, airscoop shroud 11, air inlet pipe 12
It is all made of glass, itself material is avoided to pollute sample.
The present invention also provides plastics concentration detection method micro- in a kind of air, using plastics concentration micro- in above-mentioned air
Detection device is detected, including at least following steps：
Step 1, the first valve 5 is opened, the second valve 6, third valve 8, the 4th valve 9 is closed, allows the ultrapure water pot 1 of glass
In ultra-pure water flowed into glass air-washer 2 by glass tube, when the liquid level of ultra-pure water in glass air-washer 2 reaches
When at 200ml, the first valve 5 is closed.
Step 2, the first valve 5, the second valve 6, the 4th valve 9 is kept to be closed, opens third valve 8, it will
The air extraction pump 4 for connecting electricity is opened, and carries out the pumping of 4-6 hours, is evacuated front and rear reading V1, the V2 for reading air flow meter,
It is evacuated volume=V2-V1.The particulate matter containing micro- plastics will be trapped in the ultra-pure water of glass air-washer 2 in this way in air
In.
Step 3, third valve 8 is closed, the first valve 5 is kept to be closed, is placed in glass filtration device 3 dry
Net filter sizes are 0.7um glass fiber filter papers, open the second valve 6 and the 4th valve 9, make to contain in glass air-washer 2
The ultra-pure water for having micro- plastics is entered in glass filtration device 3, the negative pressure generated by air extraction pump 4, the ultra-pure water of outflow
It quickly filters and finishes in glass filtration device 3.
Step 4, after filtering, the second valve 6 is closed, the first valve 5 is opened, ultra-pure water is allowed to reach glass gas washing again
At the 200ml graduation marks of device 2, the first valve 5 is turned off, the second valve 6 is opened, makes clean ultrapure water glass gas washing
Remaining micro- plastics may be adhered in device 2 and glass tube, go successively to filter in glass filtration device 3.
Step 5, the glass fiber filter paper 10 after being filtered in glass filtration device 3 is placed on clean glass culture dish
In, dried by clean airtight oven, baking oven drying temperature is 55 DEG C, and drying time is 1-2 hours, avoid plastic grain because
High temperature melting.It is observed under (7.3-120 times) Stereo microscope and chooses doubtful micro- plastic grain, by doubtful micro- plastic grain
It is irised out to send to micro ft-ir spectroscopy instrument to detect under the microscope with pen and be confirmed, micro- plastic grain quantity after determining is denoted as N.
Step 6, micro- plastics concentration in air is finally calculated, micro- plastics concentration=N/ (V2-V1) in air.
In conclusion micro- plastics concentration detection apparatus provided by the invention is efficiently, reliably, solves air currently on the market
In micro- plastics concentration detection apparatus missing situation, provide reliable solution for plastics Concentration Testing micro- in air.
Embodiment described above is merely to illustrate the technological thought and feature of the present invention, in the art its object is to make
Technical staff can understand present disclosure and implement according to this, it is impossible to only with the present embodiment come limit the present invention patent model
It encloses, i.e., all equal variations or modification made according to disclosed spirit are still fallen in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of micro- plastics concentration detection apparatus in air, which is characterized in that including the ultrapure water pot of glass, glass air-washer,
Glass filtration device, air extraction pump；
The ultrapure water pot of the glass and glass air-washer are connected by glass tube, in the ultrapure water pot of the glass and glass
First valve is installed, first valve is installed close to glass air-washer on the glass tube between air-washer；
The lower part and the top of glass filtration device of the glass air-washer are connected by glass tube, are washed in the glass
Second valve is installed, second valve is close to glass air-washer on the glass tube between device of air and glass filtration device
Installation；
The glass air-washer, glass filtration device pump with air extraction be connected by glass tube respectively, in connection glass
Gas flowmeter is installed on the glass tube of glass air-washer, is distinguished close to the glass air-washer, glass filtration device
The intersection of three glass tubes being connected with air extraction pump is equipped with third valve and the 4th valve, the third valve
On the glass tube of connection glass air-washer, the 4th valve is mounted on the glass tube of connection glass filtration device
On.
2. micro- plastics concentration detection apparatus in air according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include：Glass fibre
Filter paper, the glass fiber filter paper are arranged in glass filtration device.
3. micro- plastics concentration detection apparatus in air according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the glass fiber filter paper
A diameter of 47mm, filter sizes 0.7um.
4. micro- plastics concentration detection apparatus in air according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include：It is washed in glass
Device of air upper end sets an airscoop shroud, air inlet pipe is provided in the airscoop shroud, the internal diameter of the air inlet pipe is 5mm.
5. micro- plastics concentration detection method in a kind of air, which is characterized in that using the arbitrary air of Claims 1 to 4
In micro- plastics concentration detection apparatus be detected, including at least following steps：
Step 1, the first valve is opened, closes the second valve, third valve, the 4th valve, is allowed ultrapure in the ultrapure water pot of glass
Water is flowed by glass tube in glass air-washer, when the liquid level of ultra-pure water in glass air-washer is reached at 200ml,
Close the first valve；
Step 2, the first valve, the second valve, the 4th valve is kept to be closed, opens third valve, electricity will be connected
Air extraction pump is opened, and is evacuated, and is evacuated front and rear reading V1, the V2 for reading air flow meter, is evacuated volume=V2-V1；
Step 3, third valve is closed, the first valve is kept to be closed, clean filter is placed in glass filtration device
Membrane aperture is 0.7um glass fiber filter papers, opens the second valve and the 4th valve, makes to contain micro- plastics in glass air-washer
Ultra-pure water is entered in glass filtration device, and the negative pressure generated by air extraction pump, the ultra-pure water of outflow is quickly in glass mistake
It filters and finishes in filter device；
Step 4, after filtering, the second valve is closed, the first valve is opened, ultra-pure water is allowed to reach glass air-washer again
At 200ml graduation marks, the first valve is turned off, the second valve is opened, makes clean ultrapure water glass air-washer and glass
Remaining micro- plastics may be adhered in glass pipe, go successively to filter in glass filtration device；
Step 5, the glass fiber filter paper after being filtered in glass filtration device is placed in clean glass culture dish, through overdrying
Net airtight oven drying, observes under Stereo microscope and chooses doubtful micro- plastic grain, and doubtful micro- plastic grain is used
Pen, which is irised out to send to micro ft-ir spectroscopy instrument to detect under the microscope, to be confirmed, micro- plastic grain quantity after determining is denoted as N；
Step 6, micro- plastics concentration in air is finally calculated, micro- plastics concentration=N/ (V2-V1) in air.
6. micro- plastics concentration detection method in air according to claim 5, which is characterized in that described in the step 2
The time of air extraction pumping gas is 4-6 hours.
7. micro- plastics concentration detection method in air according to claim 5, which is characterized in that described in the step 5
Baking oven drying temperature is 55 DEG C, and drying time is 1-2 hours.
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| CN201610498760.9A CN105891081B (en) | 2016-06-30 | 2016-06-30 | Micro- plastics concentration detection apparatus and method in air |
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| CN111545337B (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2021-04-16 | 新疆中测测试有限责任公司 | Screening device and screening method for micro-plastics in soil |
| CN112304815B (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-08-31 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Evaluation method for pollution level of marine sediment micro-plastic |
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