CN105875225B - A method of the wheat frost of resistance to spring is identified using blade freeze injury - Google Patents
A method of the wheat frost of resistance to spring is identified using blade freeze injury Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method of the wheat frost of resistance to spring is identified using blade freeze injury；Purpose is that selected parameter consistency is good, as a result more accurate；Temperature rise the 3-5 days are control time after the present invention selects spring frost to occur；Sample section is chosen, crop field fixed point is carried out to the sampling point investigated；Investigation obtain data after calculate separately out freeze leaf generally rate P, freeze leaf severity S, anti-spring frost index I, anti-spring frost coefficients R, determine respectively freeze leaf generally rate P, freeze leaf severity S, anti-spring frost index I, anti-spring frost coefficients R grade；Anti- spring frost coefficients R is suitble to carry out a small number of kinds the frost of resistance to spring identification；Anti- spring frost index I is suitble to identify the lot of materials progress frost of resistance to spring；Primary election is carried out with anti-spring frost index I if the parent material that screen the frost of resistance to spring from a large amount of germplasm materials, then is carefully selected with anti-spring frost coefficients R.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods using the blade freeze injury identification wheat frost of resistance to spring.
Background technique
Related spring frost, different researchers are not quite similar to the call of different times, be called cold spell in later spring, early spring low temperature freezing-disaster,
Chilling injury etc..By analyzing the Shanxi south meteorological data over nearly 26 years, there is spring frosty weather hair in the time more than 8 one-tenth
It is raw, separately it is documented that almost there is different degrees of spring frost in annual some areas.With wheat spring frost occurs for previous people
The morphological index of freeze injury classifies to freeze injury, as the dead tiller of dead seedling is how many, strain rate of enduring cold, the aggrieved share of single fringe, the class of lopsided fringe
Type, trend underproduction rate etc., these indexs could often be recorded when freeze injury degree is very big, and test not easy to operate, accuracy
It is difficult to grasp.Previous freeze injury division simultaneously refers to that spring frost to the injury situation of wheat, and resists wheat to spring frost
(resistance to) property identification method and index are almost blank.And with the development of molecular biotechnology, people are for wheat to spring frost
Freeze such adverse circumstance adaptability and also progresses into resistance mechanism research, such as QTL positioning analysis, gene expression tau-effect, but
Universal all more complicated, accuracy is not also high.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of above-mentioned prior art, provide it is a kind of it is easy to operate, selected parameter consistency is good,
Qualification result more accurately utilizes the method for the blade freeze injury identification wheat frost of resistance to spring.
The method of the present invention is:
(1) temperature rise the 3-5 days are control time after selecting spring frost to occur；Spring frost occur after, endure cold blade because
Freeze injury and be dehydrated, be in water stain state, cell loses activity；And not by the blade-section of freeze injury still in strong and vibrant；
Go up the 3-5 days to temperature, blade is evident that part of enduring cold is obvious with partial confines of not enduring cold whether by freeze injury.
(2) sample section is chosen, crop field fixed point is carried out to the sampling point investigated；Choosing row first, selects the row of the even robust seedling of seedling；As far as possible
Side row is avoided, because side row is often more aggrieved than the inside row heavier；Secondly selections, select the sample section of the even robust seedling of seedling in the row chosen
0.5 meter, a kind (is) that the sample number of segment selected in material is no less than 3, that is, has 3 times or more and repeat, the selection of sample section will have
It is representative.
(3) investigation obtains data: since lobus cardiacus will not generally endure cold, so respondent is lobus cardiacus or less two, three leaves,
It investigates respondent's blade amt in sample section and uses NtIt indicates；The number of blade of enduring cold in respondent's blade NvIt indicates；It measures with a yardstick
The total length of most serious of enduring cold in sample point blade, uses LtIt indicates；The length for measuring part of enduring cold from blade tip to the place of enduring cold, uses Lv
It indicates；30 are randomly selected in sample section with blade, measures its vane overall length degree respectively, be expressed as Lt1、Lt2…LtnWith
Blade is endured cold partial-length Lv1、Lv2 …Lvn(n indicates the number of blade of investigation, n >=30), do not endure cold blade LvIt is then 0.
(4) investigation calculates resistance to spring frost index I:
1. leaf rate P is frozen in investigation:
P= [( Nv1/ Nt1)+ ( Nv2/ Nt2) +…( Nvi/ Nti)…+ ( Nvn/ Ntn)]/n×100% ；
NviAnd NtiRespectively indicate the endure cold number of blade and total leaf number of i-th of sample section, i=1,2 ..., n.N indicates to repeat
Number >=3；
2. leaf severity S is frozen in investigation:
S = [(Lv1/ Lt1)+ (Lv2/ Lt2) +…(Lvi/ Lti)…+ (Lvn/ Ltn)]/n×100% ；
LviAnd LtiRespectively indicate the overall length of the endure cold partial-length and the blade of the most heavy blade of enduring cold in i-th of sample section
Degree.i=1,2, …, n.N indicates repeat number >=3；
3. calculating resistance to spring frost index I:
I=1-P × S
P and S respectively indicates freeze injury to the jelly leaf rate of a kind (being) and freezes leaf severity.I need to retain 4 decimals, because
It can be embodied on a last two-decimal even decimal for its Resistant Difference of the kind (being) of some resistances relatively, value
Range is between 1.0000~0.0000.
4. determining the grade of resistance to spring frost index I: to different degrees of freeze injury, the classification standard of I is different, so not depositing
In fixed classification standard.The resistance class of test material is determined, Clustering Segmentation can be carried out according to the resistance situation of group, drawn
Separate highly resistance cold spell in spring type, middle highly resistance cold spell in spring type, in anti-cold spell in spring type, low anti-cold spell in spring type, cold spell in spring responsive type.
5. accuracy and the scope of application: resistance to spring frost index measurement operation relative ease, is one kind with individual to group
Estimation, so accuracy is more poor compared with anti-spring frost coefficient.It is being carrying out the frost of resistance to spring identification to lot of materials, using anti-
It is proper that spring frost index, which carries out identification,.
(5) frost of resistance to spring coefficients R is investigated:
1. the investigation of the frost of resistance to spring coefficients R calculates:
R=1- [(Lv11+ Lv12+ ...+Lv1n)/(Lt11+ Lt12+ ...+Lt1n)+(Lv21+ Lv22+ ...+Lv2n)/
(Lt21+ Lt22+ ...+Lt2n)+(Lv31+ Lv32+ ...+Lv3n)/(Lt31+ Lt32+ ...+Lt3n)]/3
Lv1It endures cold partial-length for first sample section blade, Lt1For the length of first sample section blade, Lv11+ Lv12+ ...
+ Lv1nIt endures cold partial-length summation for first sample section blade, Lt11+ Lt12+ ...+Lt1nFor the length of first sample section blade
Always, Lv21+ Lv22+ ...+Lv2nIt endures cold partial-length summation ... and so on for second sample section blade.N is investigation leaf in formula
The piece number, each sample section investigation blade are no less than 30, i.e. n >=30.
2. determining the grade of the frost of resistance to spring coefficients R:
The grade of the frost of resistance to spring coefficients R is equal to resistance to spring frost index I.
Accuracy and the scope of application: the frost of resistance to spring coefficients R is that wheat leaf blade leaf area of not enduring cold accounts for the percentage of total leaf area
The average value of ratio, the anti-spring frost of concentrated expression kind is strong and weak, directly specific, and qualification result is relatively accurate reliable, but disadvantage
It is to investigate time-consuming, large labor intensity, is suitble to carry out identification comparison to the resistance of a small number of kinds (being).
The method of the present invention is easy to operate, and selected parameter consistency is good, and calculated result is more accurate reliable.Resistance to spring frost index
I is compared with the advantage and disadvantage of the frost of resistance to spring coefficients R: anti-spring frost index I is a secondary parameters, by jelly leaf generally rate P and jelly
Leaf severity S is calculated, and the investigation of the two parameters is all easier, and then the calculating of anti-spring frost index I is relatively easy to, but
It is the rough estimation of one kind of antagonism, so appropriate with this parameter when carrying out Resistance Identification to lot of materials；Anti- spring frost
Freezing coefficients R is to carry out investigation measurement to the resistance of each blade in investigation group, is the average value for investigating all individuals in group,
It reflects that the resistance of material is more acurrate specific, but the disadvantage is that investigation is cumbersome, heavy workload, so in the resistance to a small amount of material
When difference is compared, this method is more appropriate.Then, in the evaluation and screening to a large amount of germplasm materials, anti-spring frost can be used
Index I carries out initial screening, after screening a few materials, then with anti-spring frost coefficients R carries out further fine screening.
Specific embodiment
Obvious freeze injury is caused to identify in jointing stage wheat using the method for the present invention, with the Linfen of Shanxi Province in 2015
For regional spring frost, investigation kind is Linfen locality most high-yielding strain Ji wheat in the test of prior year country Huanghai Sea north panel region
325:
(1) temperature rise the 3-5 days are control time after selecting spring frost to occur；On April 14th, 2015 Linfen, Shanxi
3.3 DEG C of area's lowest temperature, selecting 17-19 days April is control time.
(2) sample section is chosen, crop field fixed point is carried out to the sampling point investigated；First choosing row selects the row of the even robust seedling of seedling；Secondary choosing
Section, 0.5 meter of sample section that the even robust seedling of seedling is selected in the row chosen a, kind (is) that the sample number of segment selected in material is no less than 3,
Have 3 times or more and repeats.
(3) it investigates；It investigates and falls two, three blade amts in sample section below lobus cardiacus and use NtIt indicates, 3 samples of this pilot survey
Section, NtValue is respectively 126,118,132；The corresponding number of blade N that endures coldvValue is respectively 18,18,21；Measure sample point with a yardstick
The total length of most serious of inside enduring cold blade, uses LtIt indicates, the L of 3 sample sectionstValue is respectively 21cm, 21cm, 20cm；It measures from blade tip
It endures cold the length of part to the place of enduring cold, uses LvIt indicates, the L of 3 sample sectionstValue is respectively 11cm, 9cm, 10cm；It is random in sample section
30 are chosen with blade, its vane overall length degree is measured respectively, is expressed as Lt1、Lt2…LtnIt endures cold part with corresponding blade
Length Lv1、Lv2 …Lvn(n indicates the number of blade of investigation, n >=30), do not endure cold blade LvIt is then 0, first sample in three sample sections
30 L of sectiontValue is respectively Lt1(20cm), Lt2(18cm) ... Lt30(20cm)；Corresponding blade is endured cold partial-length Lv1(4cm), Lv2
(0cm) ... Lv30(0cm), second and third sample segment data are omited.
(4) it calculates and freezes leaf rate P
Because this test only has 3 sample sections, P=[(N of Pv1/ Nt1)+ ( Nv2/ Nt2) + ( Nv3/ Nt3) ]/n
× 100%=[(18/126)+(18/118)+(21/132)]/3 × 100%=15.15%.
(5) it calculates and freezes leaf severity S；
Equally with (4), the calculation formula of S are as follows: S=[(Lv1/ Lt1)+ (Lv2/ Lt2) +(Lv3/ Lt3)]/n × 100%=
[(11/21)+(9/21)+(10/20)]/3 × 100%=48.41%；
(6) resistance to spring frost index I is calculated
I=1-P × S=1-15.15% × 48.41%=0.9267.
(7) grade of resistance to spring frost index I is determined:
It is divided according to the clustering degree of the resistance to spring frost index I of 260 parts of germplasm materials to this test for identification, I >=
0.9960 is highly resistance cold spell in spring type；0.9960 I >=0.9800 > is middle highly resistance cold spell in spring type；0.9800 I >=0.9650 > be in the anti-spring
Cold type；0.9650 I >=0.9470 > be in low anti-cold spell in spring type；I < 0.9470 is cold spell in spring responsive type.Ji wheat 325 in this test
Resistance to spring frost index I is 0.9267, it is seen that the kind is the poor responsive type material of resistance for spring frost.
(8) frost of resistance to spring coefficient is calculated
R=1- [(Lv11+ Lv12+ ...+Lv1n)/(Lt11+ Lt12+ ...+Lt1n)+(Lv21+ Lv22+ ...+Lv2n)/
(Lt21+ Lt22+ ...+Lt2n)+(Lv31+ Lv32+ ...+Lv3n)/(Lt31+ Lt32+ ...+Lt3n)]/3=1- [(20+18
+ ...+20)/(4+5+ ...+0)+(17+18+ ...+20)/(3+5+ ...+4)+(21+18+ ...+17)/(4+7
+ ...+4)]/3=0.9402.
(9) grade of the frost of resistance to spring coefficients R is determined:
According to the resistance to spring to this test to 62 parts of kinds (being) of the test of national the Yellow River and Huai He River north panel region and variety test
The clustering degree of frost coefficients R divides: R >=0.9977 is highly resistance cold spell in spring type；0.9977 R >=0.9923 > is middle highly resistance cold spell in spring
Type；0.9923 R >=0.9800 > be in anti-cold spell in spring type；0.9800 R >=0.9650 > be in low anti-cold spell in spring type；R < 0.9650 is
Cold spell in spring responsive type.The test measurement and frost of resistance to spring coefficients R=0.9402 for calculating Ji wheat 325 then passes through resistance to less than 0.9650
The judgement of spring frost coefficients R value, Ji wheat 325 also belong to cold spell in spring responsive type.
Comparative analysis between the different frost of resistance to spring parameters: table 1 is 2015 to the test of national the Yellow River and Huai He River north panel region and kind
The related coefficient of the spring frost relevant parameter of the material of comparative test, it is seen that significant correlation between each parameter.With anti-spring frost
Index method measures evaluation to 260 parts of breeding nursery germplasm materials, identifies the frost of the resistance to spring germplasm materials such as good star 66, Handan 3475
18 parts, and have the several pieces such as Shanxi wheat 47, cigarette 180 intolerant to the germplasm materials of spring frost.Resistance to spring frost index identification method is easy to operate,
But accuracy is not so good as the frost of resistance to spring Y-factor method Y, and the latter's measurement is time-consuming, but accuracy wants quite a lot of.So to a small number of kinds
It carries out that the frost of resistance to spring Y-factor method Y can be used when the frost of resistance to spring identification is compared, but reflects if carrying out anti-spring frost to lot of materials
Fixed, it is proper for carrying out identification using anti-spring frost index method.If to screen the frost of resistance to spring from a large amount of germplasm materials
Parent material, primary election can be carried out with anti-spring frost index method, then carefully selected with anti-spring frost Y-factor method Y, such effect is more preferable
A bit.
Note: * and * * is illustrated respectively in significant difference in 0.05,0.01 level.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method using the blade freeze injury identification wheat frost of resistance to spring, it is characterized in that:
(1) temperature rise the 3-5 days are control time after selecting spring frost to occur；
(2) sample section is chosen, crop field fixed point is carried out to the sample section investigated；First choosing row selects the row of the even robust seedling of seedling；Secondary selections,
0.5 meter of sample section that the even robust seedling of seedling is selected in the row chosen, a kind (are) that the sample number of segment selected in material is no less than 3；
(3) investigation obtains data；Fallen below lobus cardiacus in investigation sample section two leaves and three leaves colony leaves it is total and use NtIt indicates；
The number of blade of enduring cold NvIt indicates；The total length for measuring most serious blade of enduring cold in sample point with a yardstick, uses LtIt indicates；It measures from blade tip
It endures cold the length of part to the place of enduring cold, uses LvIt indicates；30 are randomly selected in sample section with blade, it is total to measure its blade respectively
Length is expressed as Lt1、Lt2…LtnIt endures cold partial-length L with bladev1、Lv2 …Lvn, the number of blade of n expression investigation, n >=
30；Do not endure cold blade LvIt is then 0；
(4) it investigates and calculates anti-spring frost index I；
1. leaf rate P is frozen in investigation:
P= [( Nv1/ Nt1)+ ( Nv2/ Nt2) +…( Nvi/ Nti)…+ ( Nvn/ Ntn)]/n×100% ；
NviAnd NtiRespectively indicate the endure cold number of blade and total leaf number of i-th of sample section, i=1,2 ..., n；N expression repeat number >=
3；
2. leaf severity S is frozen in investigation:
S = [(Lv1/ Lt1)+ (Lv2/ Lt2) +…(Lvi/ Lti)…+ (Lvn/ Ltn)]/n×100% ；
LviAnd LtiRespectively indicate the total length of the endure cold partial-length and the blade of the most heavy blade of enduring cold in i-th of sample section；i=
1,2, …, n；N indicates repeat number >=3；
3. calculating resistance to spring frost index I:
I=[(1-P1×S1)+(1-P2×S2)+... (1-Pi×Si)+... (1-Pn×Sn)]∕n ；
PiAnd SiIt respectively indicates jelly leaf in i-th of sample section and generally rate and freezes leaf severity；i=1,2, …, n；N indicates repeat number
≥3；I need to retain 4 decimals because its Resistant Difference of the kind (being) of some resistances relatively can embody it is last two small
On a number even decimal, value range is between 1.0000~0.0000；
4. determining the grade of resistance to spring frost index I: I >=0.9800 is highly resistance cold spell in spring type；0.9800 I >=0.9500 > is middle height
Anti- cold spell in spring type；0.9500 I >=0.9000 > be in anti-cold spell in spring type；0.9000 I >=0.8500 > be in low anti-cold spell in spring type；I <
0.8500 is cold spell in spring responsive type；
(5) it investigates and calculates the frost of resistance to spring coefficients R:
1. the investigation of the frost of resistance to spring coefficients R calculates:
R=1- [(Lv11+ Lv12+ ...+Lv1n)/(Lt11+ Lt12+ ...+Lt1n)+(Lv21+ Lv22+ ...+Lv2n)/(Lt21+
Lt22+ ...+Lt2n)+(Lv31+ Lv32+ ...+Lv3n)/(Lt31+ Lt32+ ...+Lt3n)]/3；
Lv1It endures cold partial-length for first sample section blade, Lt1For the length of first sample section blade, Lv11+ Lv12+ ...+Lv1n
It endures cold partial-length summation for first sample section blade, Lt11+ Lt12+ ...+Lt1nLength for first sample section blade is total,
Lv21+ Lv22+ ...+Lv2nIt endures cold partial-length summation ... and so on for second sample section blade；N is investigation blade in formula
Number, each sample section investigation blade are no less than 30, i.e. n >=30；
2. determining the grade of the frost of resistance to spring coefficients R: R >=0.9500 is highly resistance cold spell in spring type；0.9500 R >=0.9000 > is middle height
Anti- cold spell in spring type；0.9000 R >=0.8000 > be in anti-cold spell in spring type；0.8000 R >=0.7000 > is low anti-cold spell in spring type；R <
0.7000 is cold spell in spring responsive type.
2. as described in claim 1 using the method for the blade freeze injury identification wheat frost of resistance to spring, it is characterized in that investigating sample section
Selection should avoid side row as far as possible, because side row is often more aggrieved than the inside row heavier, select the row of the even robust seedling of seedling.
3. as claimed in claim 1 or 2 using the method for the blade freeze injury identification wheat frost of resistance to spring, it is characterized in that pair of investigation
As if fall two leaves and three leaves because being winter frontal lobe down again has winter frost mark mark, lobus cardiacus will not generally endure cold below lobus cardiacus.
4. as claimed in claim 1 or 2 using the method for the blade freeze injury identification wheat frost of resistance to spring, it is characterized in that anti-spring frost
Coefficients R is suitble to carry out a small number of kinds the frost of resistance to spring identification；Anti- spring frost index I is suitble to carry out the frost of resistance to spring to lot of materials
It is identified；It is carried out just if the parent material that screen the frost of resistance to spring from a large amount of germplasm materials with anti-spring frost index I
Choosing, then carefully selected with anti-spring frost coefficients R.
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| CN108647188B (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2022-06-10 | 陇南师范高等专科学校 | Walnut late frost freezing injury investigation method |
| CN112986311B (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2023-09-01 | 商丘市农林科学院 | Method for identifying low-temperature resistance of wheat variety in spring |
| CN113693033B (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2022-11-08 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for evaluating resistance of rice variety to southern rice black-streaked dwarf disease based on artificial inoculation |
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