CN105875180A - Silkworm chrysalis two-step refrigeration line production Chinese caterpillar fungus cultivation method - Google Patents
Silkworm chrysalis two-step refrigeration line production Chinese caterpillar fungus cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a novel method using silkworm chrysalis to culture Chinese caterpillar fungus; fresh silkworm chrysalises are processed in two-step refrigeration, thus greatly prolonging silkworm chrysalis fresh-keeping period, so the silkworm chrysalis can be in an inoculation suitable period in a long time; in addition, the short period seasonality work of Cordyceps militaris production is changed into long term line production, thus realizing specific people inoculation, expert management and specific people harvesting every day, and stabilizing cycle works; by using the method to culture Cordyceps militaris, the silkworm chrysalis inoculation suitable period can be prolonged to 100 days from 10 days, and the inoculation hardening rate can be kept above 90%. In addition, the production mode of seasonality concentration short period inoculation can be changed, thus greatly improving factory and equipment utilization rate, and reducing fixed asset investment sum of same Chinese caterpillar fungus output; operation people of each node can be fixed, and people can be stabilized in certain professional work node, thus improving technical proficiency and work efficiency, and providing wide application prospect.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to edible and medicinal fungi technical field of cultivation, be specifically related to Pupa bombycis artificial culture pupa worm
The method of grass, refers in particular to a kind of method using the fresh-keeping line production of Silkworm pupae cold storage to cultivate silkworm chrysalis Cordyceps sinensis.
Background technology:
Silkworm chrysalis Cordyceps sinensis is with Pupa bombycis as host, inoculates Cordyceps militaris spawn, and artificial culture becomes to belong to entomogenous fungi and is combined
The silkworm chrysalis Cordyceps sinensis of body, it contains the active ingredients such as abundant cordycepin, cordycepic acid, Cordyceps polysaccharide and adenosine,
It it is the best substitute of Cordyceps.The volume of production and the market share that improve silkworm chrysalis Cordyceps sinensis are conducive to suppression winter worm
Summer grass madness advanced price, the plateau ecology that is conducive to protecting, to be conducive to allowing the Cordyceps of noble quality be general public
Health service.
Utilizing Pupa bombycis to cultivate existing more than the 20 year history of Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link., product has started to appear on the market, and the common people existing one
Fixed cognition degree.Developing through years of researches, silkworm chrysalis Cordyceps sinensis technology is the most ripe, domestic existing many families
Enterprises and individuals is at research and development silkworm chrysalis Cordyceps sinensis, and has multinomial patent application.Such as: one utilizes Bombyxmori Linnaeus children
Worm cultivates the method for Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link., publication number: CN102440149A；A kind of breeding method of Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link., open
Number: CN101215527)；A kind of method cultivating artificial aweto for carrier with Pupa bombycis, publication number:
103688759A；Improve yield and the silkworm chrysalis Cordyceps sinensis cultural method of quality, publication number: 103430776A.
The optimum feed stock cultivating silkworm chrysalis Cordyceps sinensis is fresh and alive mulberry silkworm chrysalis, and the acquisition of fresh and alive Pupa bombycis is relevant with sericulture,
And breed silkworms and controlled by strict season, China can only support 2 to 4 batches of silkworms for most of regional 1 year, and every batch of silkworm is received
Take the time of the fresh and alive Pupa bombycis suitably cultivating Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link. less than 10 days, within after silkworm pupates more than ten day at normal temperatures, i.e. change
Moth, and fresh and alive Pupa bombycis is difficult to storage very much, technology per season cultivates Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link. with fresh and alive Pupa bombycis the most routinely
Time is the shortest, often Pupa bombycis one i.e. organize a large amount of personnel work overtime inoculation, cultivate, time one mistake i.e. without
Raw material can be done, and personnel have to disband again, the most repeatedly.Result is that silkworm chrysalis Cordyceps sinensis production is seriously restricted,
Can only cultivate 2 to 4 batches season with breeding silkworms every year, the time of annual accumulative inoculation Pupa bombycis is usually no more than 40 days,
Causing place, lness ratio of plant the highest, workforce also cannot stablize, due to the continuous replacement of worker, duty
The technical merit of work and work efficiency are difficult to improve.Thus, the production cost of silkworm chrysalis Cordyceps sinensis also cannot enter one agree
Reduce.Therefore, how to improve the fresh-keeping working life of fresh and alive Pupa bombycis, carry out uninterrupted line production, it appears be outstanding
For important.
The research of preservation fresh-keeping to Pupa bombycis at present is little, and the paper that can retrieve is very limited, it is known that
The report of the most a small amount of about 10 days term refrigeration Pupa bombycises, separately has " Agriculture of Anhui science " 2011,39 (25)
The research of the suitableeest cold preservation phase of pupa " Bombyxmori Linnaeus live " of publication, this article report has 2 DEG C of cold preservations of very small amount Pupa bombycis 60 days
Record.Up to now, not yet retrieve the research report of high-volume Pupa bombycis long-period freshness preserving, also do not retrieve use
Pupa bombycis line production cultivates correlational study paper report and the patent disclosure of Cordyceps.
The present invention enables fresh and alive Pupa bombycis long-period freshness preserving in large quantity, is allowed to be in inoculation Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link. all the time
The working life of bacterium, thus realize Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link. production work amount and be uniformly distributed, line production incessantly is permissible
Improve Factory Building, utilization rate of equipment and installations, stablize workforce, improve worker's technical merit and work efficiency.This
Bright employing conventional equipment, simple to operate, it is easy to promote, have broad application prospects.
Summary of the invention:
The invention aims to overcome that fresh and alive Pupa bombycis is difficult to storage, working life is extremely short, be unfavorable for pupa
Problem that Cordyceps production work uniformly, is stably carried out and defect, it is provided that a kind of by fresh and alive Pupa bombycis is carried out
Long-term Cold Storage in batches, thus realize that Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link. produces can the method for line production of continuous-stable.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is to control pupa age by using fresh and alive Pupa bombycis, quantitatively divides
Dress, temperature of keeping under strict control, to select, compound cold preservation, Pupa bombycis outbound every day halfway, every day is inoculated, and enters every day in batches
Row training orientation, can start to gather in the crops Cordyceps every day after first production cycle is full, thus it is raw to realize Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link.
Produce and circulate line production continuously and stably.
The Pupa bombycis compound cold preservation line production Cordyceps breeding method of the present invention, specifically includes following steps:
1. obtain high-quality Pupa bombycis: select healthy anosis, grow neat, put on an arrow period not in contact with pesticide,
The high-quality of abnormal flavour and 25 DEG C of high temperature above is pupated Bombyx bombycis, in the room of 22-25 DEG C when after pupating, pupa reaches 1 day age
Between cut cocoon and take pupa, handle with care when cutting cocoon, forbid to cut wound, Pupa bombycis of damaging, forbid to be mixed in good pupa dead pupa,
Sick and wounded pupa and pollution pupa, it is allowed to be mixed into pupa skin in good pupa, good pupa stacks 3 times less than pupal cell width of thickness.
The best pupa dress basket: the good pupa cut out is divided in the most gently surrounding perforation and nonpoisonous and tasteless,
Passing through in the plastic crate sterilizing and being lined with clean blank sheet of paper, loading amount is depending on basket size, and dress pupa thickness is less than pupa
3 times of body width, thickness is uniform.Install pupa plastic crate can hierarchical overlay, but between every layer of Pupa bombycis
The interval of 2cm to be had.
3. warehouse-in cold preservation: installing the Pupa bombycis plastic crate folded of laying equal stress on and be immediately fed into Cold storage in the refrigerator, Pupa bombycis enters
The time of freezer controls after pupating in 36 hours to 48 hours.Freezer can be deposited by built subregion, often folds and moulds
The gap of 5-10cm to be left between charging basket, the interval of 10cm to be had between levels in freezer.Cold
Warehouse temperature stability contorting is at 2 DEG C-4 DEG C, it is desirable to storehouse temperature is uniform, has weak gas flow to flow, and air is relative
Humid control must not have unusual odor and toxic and harmful in 65%-75%, freezer.
4. cold preservation bagging: Silkworm pupae cold storage 7-10 days, at this moment Pupa bombycis has lost a small amount of moisture content, for preventing
Long-term Cold Storage dehydration is too much, at this moment should load often folding plastic crate with nonpoisonous and tasteless plastic bag cover, only stays few
Permitted gap.
The most compound cold preservation: carry out at twice.The most compound cold preservation is entered when Silkworm pupae cold storage 30-35 days
OK, suspend cold preservation, make Ku Wen be slowly raised 20 DEG C-24 DEG C, open the plastic bag of parcel, to often simultaneously
Basket Pupa bombycis checks, picks indivedual sick pupa, dead pupa, and cleaning pollutes pupa, again bagging, through 24-36
Hour, make Pupa bombycis experience temperature, recover certain vigor, then storehouse temperature is dropped to 2 DEG C-4 DEG C continuation cold preservations.
The most compound cold preservation is carried out when Silkworm pupae cold storage was by 60-65 days, suspends cold preservation, makes Ku Wen be slowly raised
20 DEG C-24 DEG C, open the plastic bag of parcel simultaneously, every basket of Pupa bombycis checked, pick indivedual sick pupa,
Dead pupa, cleaning pollutes pupa, again bagging, through 24-36 hour, makes Pupa bombycis experience temperature, recovers certain
Vigor, then storehouse temperature is dropped to 2 DEG C-4 DEG C continue cold preservations.Through twice compound cold preservation, the total cold preservation of Pupa bombycis
Natural law can reach 90-100 days.
6. Pupa bombycis inoculation: after Pupa bombycis enters freezer, can inoculate according to production schedule outbound at any time.
To carry out whole choosing by operating room below 22 DEG C after Pupa bombycis outbound, select the indivedual rotten pupa occurred in cold preservation, use
Clean water 2-3 time of less than 16 DEG C, clears out pupa skin completely simultaneously, drains can enter after carrying out pupal cell sterilization
Row injection inoculation.
7. line production: calculate maximum inoculation natural law and every day according to fresh Silkworm pupae cold storage amount, cold preservation time limit
Inoculum concentration, inoculate according to the personnel that inoculum concentration arrangement every day is suitable.By line production arrangement: every day
Quantitatively outbound Pupa bombycis, quota personnel inoculation every day, every day, quota personnel carried out training orientation, every after about 40 days
The volume personnel that are ranked carry out gathering in the crops, are dried and packaging Tian An.The most successively circulation produces, until silkworm
Pupa outbound is complete.Technological process is as shown in Figure 1.
The advantage of the Pupa bombycis compound cold preservation line production Cordyceps breeding method of the present invention is:
1. present invention achieves fresh and alive Pupa bombycis long-period freshness preserving, from conventional about 10 days term refrigerations of Pupa bombycis
Fresh-keeping and minimal amount of 60 days cold storing and fresh-keepings of laboratory, change into and large batch of can be up to the cold preservation of 100 days and protect
Fresh, make extend to 100 days from about 10 days the working life of Pupa bombycis inoculation Cordyceps, inoculation hardening ratio is maintained at
More than 90%.
2. the present invention uses the inoculation of Pupa bombycis fresh-keeping line production to cultivate Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link., the seasonality of changing over
The production model of collection middle or short term inoculation, makes Factory Building, utilization rate of equipment and installations be greatly improved, it is possible to decrease identical Cordyceps produces
The fixed investment of amount.
3. the line production method using the present invention cultivates Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link., can make operator's number of each link
Fixing, personnel are stable, and work post is fixed, and are conducive to full-time operation, and develop skill proficiency level and work efficiency.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
The compound cold preservation line production Cordyceps breeding method technological process of Fig. 1 Pupa bombycis
Detailed description of the invention:
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated:
Embodiment
(1) high-quality Pupa bombycis is obtained: select in 5 later stages in age bred silkworms healthy anosis, grow neat raising
Supporting and batch make alternative, silkworm is determined not in contact with the high-quality of pesticide, abnormal flavour and 25 DEG C of high temperature above Bombyx bombycis of pupating after putting on an arrow
Choosing, when after Bombyx bombycis is pupated, pupa is cut cocoon in the room of 22-25 DEG C when reaching 1 day age and taken pupa, gently takes light when cutting cocoon
Put, forbid to cut wound, Pupa bombycis of damaging, eliminate the dead pupa found, sick and wounded pupa during cutting cocoon and pollute pupa, permitting
Permitted good pupa is mixed into pupa skin.
(2) good pupa dress basket: the good pupa cut out is divided in 40cm × 28cm × 6.5cm surrounding gently has
Eyelet and nonpoisonous and tasteless, through sterilization and be lined with clean blank sheet of paper plastic crate in, every basket of dress 1000g, dress pupa is thick
Degree is less than 3 times of pupal cell width, and thickness is uniform.The plastic crate installing Pupa bombycis is inserted at 2cm above Pupa bombycis
2 crossbeams, get up plastic crate hierarchical overlay, make to leave between every layer of Pupa bombycis the interval of 2cm.Often fold 8
Individual plastic crate.
(3) warehouse-in cold preservation: by install Pupa bombycis lay equal stress on fold plastic crate be immediately fed into Cold storage in the refrigerator.
Freezer is divided into some little, and each little is sequentially loaded into.Pupa bombycis enters time of freezer and controls after matured silkworm pupates 36
Hour to 48 hours.Freezer overhead 20cm built, every interlayer, every 60cm, is put 1 for every layer and is folded 8 plastics
Basket, stays the interval of 10cm, maintains between 10cm in freezer between levels between adjacent two plastic crates
Every.Temperature of ice house stability contorting, at 2 DEG C-4 DEG C, accomplishes that storehouse temperature is uniform, and portraitlandscape opens fan formation
Weak gas flow flows, and relative air humidity controls must not to have unusual odor and poisonous in 65%-75%, freezer
Harmful gas.
(4) cold preservation bagging: during Silkworm pupae cold storage 7-10 days, at this moment Pupa bombycis has lost a small amount of moisture content, for
Prevent Long-term Cold Storage dehydration too much, the most often fold the nonpoisonous and tasteless vinyon bag for packing fruits on of plastic crate,
Only stay a little gap.
(5) compound cold preservation: carry out compound cold preservation for the first time, freezer when Silkworm pupae cold storage was by 30-35 days
Suspend refrigeration, storehouse temperature is slowly raised 20 DEG C-24 DEG C, open the plastic bag of parcel plastic crate, to every basket
Pupa bombycis checks, picks indivedual sick pupa, dead pupa, and cleaning pollutes pupa, again bagging, little through 24-36
Time, make Pupa bombycis experience temperature, recover certain vigor, then storehouse temperature is dropped to 2 DEG C-4 DEG C continuation cold preservations.
Carry out the compound cold preservation of second time when Silkworm pupae cold storage was by 60-65 days, freezer suspends refrigeration, storehouse temperature is slowly risen
High to 20 DEG C-24 DEG C, open the plastic bag of parcel plastic crate, every basket of Pupa bombycis is checked, pick indivedual
Sick pupa, dead pupa, cleaning is polluted pupa, again bagging, through 24-36 hour, is made Pupa bombycis experience temperature, extensive
Multiple certain vigor, then storehouse temperature is dropped to 2 DEG C-4 DEG C continuation cold preservations.Pupa bombycis total cold preservation natural law is less than 90
-100 days.
(6) line production cultivates silkworm chrysalis Cordyceps sinensis: after Pupa bombycis enters freezer, according to production from the 3rd day
Planning outbound weekly 5 days, folded (16kg) Pupa bombycis of outbound every day 2 is inoculated.Each little freezer goes out successively
Storehouse, little gone out disables immediately.After Pupa bombycis outbound, first operating room below 22 DEG C carries out whole choosing, choosing
Go out the indivedual rotten pupa occurred in cold preservation, by clean water 2-3 time below 16 DEG C, clear out pupa skin completely simultaneously,
Drain away the water, carry out pupal cell sterilization by Ozone Water, after draining, carry out injection inoculation with high-quality liquid spawn.Connect
The Pupa bombycis planted is immediately fed into culturing room and cultivates, and incubation is carried out by existing routine techniques.18
Cultivating about 5 days in DEG C-20 DEG C of environment, Pupa bombycis infects hardening ratio and reaches more than 90%.Through about 40 days
Cultivating, Pupa bombycis goes out carelessness and reaches more than 90% and ripe, can gather in the crops silkworm chrysalis Cordyceps sinensis, arranges, dry
Dry and packaging.Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link. produces each link and arranges corresponding number by workload, and each link special messenger is full-time, follows
Ring is carried out, until Pupa bombycis outbound is complete, Cordyceps results are complete.
Above-described embodiment only for technology design and the feature of the present invention are described, its object is to allow and is familiar with this
The personage of art will appreciate that present disclosure, can not limit the scope of the invention with this,
All equivalence changes made according to spirit of the invention or modification, all should contain in protection scope of the present invention
In.
Claims (4)
1. a Pupa bombycis compound cold preservation line production Cordyceps breeding method, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
(1) cut cocoon and obtain high-quality Pupa bombycis: select healthy anosis, grow neat, put on an arrow period not in contact with pesticide,
The high-quality of abnormal flavour and 25 DEG C of high temperature above is pupated Bombyx bombycis, and pupa reaches to cut cocoon when 1 day and take pupa age, forbids when cutting cocoon
Cut wound, Pupa bombycis of damaging, forbid in good pupa, be mixed into dead pupa, sick and wounded pupa and pollute pupa；
(2) good pupa dress basket: the good pupa that described step (1) is cut out be divided in the most gently surrounding perforation and
Nonpoisonous and tasteless, in sterilization being lined with the plastic crate of clean blank sheet of paper, dress pupa thickness is less than the 3 of pupal cell width
Times, thickness is uniform, installs the plastic crate hierarchical overlay of pupa, leaves the interval of 2cm between every layer of Pupa bombycis；
(3) warehouse-in cold preservation: the plastic crate that described step (2) installs Pupa bombycis is immediately fed into Cold storage in the refrigerator, often
Leave the gap of 5-10cm between folded plastic crate, in freezer, between levels, also have the interval of 10cm.
(4) cold preservation bagging: by Silkworm pupae cold storage 7-10 days of described step (3), treat that Pupa bombycis loses a small amount of water
Point, at this moment load often folding plastic crate with nonpoisonous and tasteless plastic bag cover, only stay a little gap；
(5) compound cold preservation: the Pupa bombycis of described step (4) bagging is entered respectively when cold preservation 30 days and 60 days
The compound cold preservation of row, i.e. suspends cold preservation, rises high basin temperature, carries out pick, the most again by storehouse temperature drop to 2 DEG C-4 DEG C
Continue cold preservation；
(6) line production cultivates Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link.: to described step (3) or step (4) or the silkworm of step (5)
Pupa presses line production arrangement: quantitative outbound every day Pupa bombycis, by norm personnel's inoculation, personnel carry out culture tube by norm
Reason, after about 40 days, every day arranges quota personnel to carry out gathering in the crops, being dried and packaging, and successively circulation is given birth to
Produce, until Pupa bombycis outbound is complete.
Cordyceps cultural method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that fresh described in step (3)
It is after silkworm pupates that Pupa bombycis of living sends into the time of cold preservation, and pupa age is 36-48 hour, and temperature of ice house stability contorting exists
2 DEG C-4 DEG C, it is desirable to storehouse temperature is uniform, has weak gas flow to flow, and relative air humidity controls at 65%-75%,
Unusual odor and toxic and harmful must not be had in freezer.
Cordyceps cultural method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step (5)
Compound cold preservation, after suspending cold preservation, Ku Wen to be made is slowly raised 20 DEG C-24 DEG C, makes Pupa bombycis experience temperature,
Recovering certain vigor, be further continued for cold preservation after 24-36 hour, total cold preservation natural law is less than 100 days.
Cordyceps cultural method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the stream described in step (6)
Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link. is cultivated in water operation, will calculate maximum inoculation natural law and every day according to Silkworm pupae cold storage amount, cold preservation time limit
Inoculum concentration, Pupa bombycis to be entered whole choosing by the operating room below 22 DEG C by the Pupa bombycis of outbound every day, and with less than 16 DEG C
Clean water 2-3 time, carry out Pupa bombycis body surface sterilization after draining away the water, then injection accesses liquid spawn.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110663650A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-01-10 | 广西立盛茧丝绸有限公司 | Fresh cocoon storage method |
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