CN105871324B - A kind of independent MPPT trackings of multichannel input photovoltaic inverting system - Google Patents
A kind of independent MPPT trackings of multichannel input photovoltaic inverting system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of independent MPPT trackings of multichannel input photovoltaic inverting system, by selecting voltage in each road photovoltaic input branch road to give maximum photovoltaic input branch route rear class inverter circuit completion MPPT tracking, the MPPT that remaining each road photovoltaic input branch road is completed the road photovoltaic input branch road by Boost circuit respectively is tracked, and then realize and be all operated in maximum power point per the input branch road of photovoltaic all the way, the efficiency for improving photovoltaic system maximally utilizes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for independently controlling of multichannel input photovoltaic inverting system, particularly a kind of multichannel input photovoltaic is inverse
The independent MPPT trackings of change system.
Background technology
With the extensive use of solar energy, more and more higher is required for the utilization rate of photovoltaic polar plate power.Existing photovoltaic
Using, be typically arranged with multiple photovoltaic polar plates, whole photovoltaic polar plates input as photovoltaic all the way, using same maximum power point with
Track, grid-connected inverters are realized by one-level or two-stage circuit.If the different from those of different photovoltaic polar plates is basically identical, daylighting is adjusted
When section is also close, the maximum power point voltage deviation on each road is little, and whole photovoltaic polar plates are used as with inputting all the way or with same
Individual maximum power point voltage is tracked, and the influence to the power output of photovoltaic system is little, and whole efficiency is of a relatively high.But
In practical application, often due to the parameter such as intensity of illumination, angle and degree of aging has differences between different photovoltaic polar plates,
In this case the maximum power point voltage of different photovoltaic polar plates is different, if now still by whole photovoltaic polar plates with all the way
Or same maximum power point voltage is tracked, the low situation of MPPT tracking efficiency will certainly be caused.In order to realize photovoltaic
The maximization of power output, it is desirable to which each road photovoltaic input branch road can work independently, and each possess independent MPPT controls.
For single channel two-stage photovoltaic parallel in system, in general control method is when photovoltaic MPPT floating voltages are given less than inverse
During the minimum bus voltage of change demand, boosting is carried out by Boost circuit and ensures that inversion waveform is undistorted.When photovoltaic is higher than this
Boosted during the inversion demand busbar voltage of minimum without Boost circuit and turn bypass, carried out by rear class inverter circuit
MPPT is tracked.According to above-mentioned control method, when photovoltaic input pull-down voltage less than busbar voltage to timing, gamut by
Boost circuit carries out MPPT tracking；When photovoltaic input pull-down voltage is given higher than busbar voltage and photovoltaic input voltage give it is low
In minimum bus voltage to timing, worked when voltage is relatively low by Boost circuit and carry out MPPT tracking, Boost is electric when voltage is higher
Road, which is not boosted, turns bypass, and MPPT tracking is carried out by rear class inverter circuit；When photovoltaic input pull-down voltage and photovoltaic input voltage are given
The given busbar voltage that is above of fixed and photovoltaic input voltage is to timing, and gamut Boost circuit is not boosted, and to turn bypass inverse by rear class
Become circuit and carry out MPPT tracking, single channel two-stage photovoltaic parallel in system different situations gamut can be realized using above-mentioned control method
MPPT is tracked.
For multichannel two-stage photovoltaic parallel in system, entered when each photovoltaic input branch voltage is all relatively low by Boost circuit
When row MPPT is tracked, or the Boost circuit for having and only having photovoltaic input branch road all the way does not boost by-passing by rear class inverter circuit
When carrying out MPPT tracking, control method as above can be continued to use；But when the photovoltaic input branch road that two-way or multichannel occur need by
When rear class inverter circuit carries out MPPT tracking, if continuing to use control method as above, there certainly will be some road photovoltaic input branch roads
Operating point deviate the possibility of oneself maximum power point farther out, can not normally trace into the MPPT of the input branch road per photovoltaic all the way
Voltage.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of independent MPPT control method of multichannel input photovoltaic inverting system, to overcome
Multichannel present in prior art inputs photovoltaic inverting system, and the maximum power point voltage between each road photovoltaic input branch road is inclined
The problem of difference is larger.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme is that：A kind of independent MPPT of multichannel input photovoltaic inverting system
Tracking a, there is provided multichannel inputs photovoltaic inverting system, and multichannel input photovoltaic inverting system includes：N roads photovoltaic input branch
Road and an inverter circuit；The photovoltaic input branch road includes photovoltaic panel group string and the Boost circuit being sequentially connected；N roads
Boost circuit output end same polarity is in parallel, and is connected to the direct-flow input end of the inverter circuit, the exchange of the inverter circuit
Output end is connected to load or power network；The MPPT trackings are realized in accordance with the following steps：
Step S1：Obtain and input MPPT floating voltage set-points Upvref1, Upvref2 of branch road extremely per road photovoltaic
Voltage in Upvrefn gives maximum Upvrefmax, wherein, n is the integer more than 1；
Step S2：Judge that the voltage gives whether maximum Upvrefmax is more than predeterminated voltage reference value Uref, if
It is no, then control and boosted per road Boost circuit, MPPT tracking is carried out to photovoltaic input branch road；Otherwise, then the voltage gives
The Boost circuit of photovoltaic input branch road corresponding to maximum Upvrefmax makes by-path turn-on without boosting, and described in controlling
Inverter circuit inputs branch road MPPT tracking to the photovoltaic, in addition to the photovoltaic inputs branch road, controls and is risen per road Boost circuit
Pressure, MPPT tracking is carried out to photovoltaic input branch road.
Compared to prior art, the invention has the advantages that：A kind of multichannel input photovoltaic proposed by the invention
The independent MPPT control method of inversion system, maximum photovoltaic input branch is given by selecting each road photovoltaic to input voltage in branch road
It route rear class inverter circuit and completes MPPT tracking, remaining each road photovoltaic input branch road completes the road photovoltaic by Boost circuit respectively
The MPPT tracking of branch road is inputted, and then realizes and is all operated in maximum power point per the input branch road of photovoltaic all the way, improves photovoltaic system
Efficiency maximally utilize.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the multichannel of the embodiment of the present invention inputs photovoltaic inverting system structure chart.
Fig. 2 is that the embodiment of the present invention obtains the given Upvref1 of MPPT floating voltages that each photovoltaic inputs branch road,
Voltage in Upvref2, Upvrefn gives maximum Upvrefmax flow chart.
Fig. 3 is that Boost circuit of the embodiment of the present invention realizes that corresponding photovoltaic inputs the specific implementation side of the MPPT tracking of branch road
Method schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is that inverter circuit of the embodiment of the present invention realizes the inverter circuit output current with line voltage with frequently with phase
Concrete methods of realizing schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the electrical connection diagram that two-way inputs photovoltaic inverting system in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 (a) is the given situation of voltage that two-way photovoltaic inputs branch road in the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 6 (b) is the given situation of voltage that two-way photovoltaic inputs branch road in the embodiment of the present invention two.
Fig. 6 (c) is the given situation of voltage that two-way photovoltaic inputs branch road in the embodiment of the present invention three.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, technical scheme is specifically described.
A kind of independent MPPT trackings of multichannel input photovoltaic inverting system of the present invention, multichannel input photovoltaic inverting system
As shown in figure 1, including separate n roads photovoltaic input branch road and an inverter circuit；Each photovoltaic input branch road includes one
Boost circuit, and the photovoltaic panel group string with the input electrical connection of Boost circuit；The output end of whole Boost circuits is same
Polarity parallel coupled electrical connects the direct-flow input end of inverter circuit, the ac output end connection load of inverter circuit or power network.Wherein,
When photovoltaic input voltage is relatively low, photovoltaic input voltage is boosted to busbar voltage reference value while realizes MPPT by Boost circuit
Tracking；When photovoltaic input voltage is higher, Boost circuit is closed, realized photovoltaic input voltage by-path turn-on.Inverter circuit
Realize Boost circuit by-path turn-on photovoltaic input branch road MPPT tracking, while realize DC bus-bar voltage stabilization and
The same phase of same frequency of system output current and line voltage.
In the present embodiment, multichannel input photovoltaic inverting system also includes control unit（It is not drawn into figure）, the control list
Member can gather the electric current and voltage signal of each photovoltaic input branch road, and carry out calculating processing according to the signal collected and control respectively
The operation of every BOOST circuits and inverter circuit in system processed, and preferably, control unit can be that DSP or single-chip microcomputer etc. are micro-
Processor.
Further, in the present embodiment, independent MPPT trackings comprise the following steps：
MPPT floating voltage set-point Upvref1, the Upvref2 of each photovoltaic input branch road are obtained,
Voltage in Upvrefn gives maximum Upvrefmax, wherein, n is the integer more than 1；
Judge that voltage gives whether maximum Upvrefmax is more than default voltage reference value Uref, if it is not, then control is every
One Boost circuit carries out the MPPT tracking that corresponding photovoltaic input branch road is realized in boosting；If so, voltage is then set to give maximum
The Boost circuit of photovoltaic input branch road realizes by-path turn-on without boosting corresponding to Upvrefmax, and control makes inverter circuit real
Existing voltage gives the MPPT tracking of photovoltaic input branch road corresponding to maximum Upvrefmax, except voltage gives maximum
Corresponding to Upvrefmax outside photovoltaic input branch road, control each Boost circuit realize the MPPT of corresponding photovoltaic input branch road with
Track.
Further, in the present embodiment, default voltage reference value Uref is female not less than the minimum of inverter circuit demand
Line voltage Ubusmin.
Further, in the present embodiment, the MPPT floating voltages of each photovoltaic input branch road are obtained to Upvref1,
Voltage in Upvref2, Upvrefn gives maximum Upvrefmax, and concrete methods of realizing is as follows：
First, array A={ A [1], A [2], A [n] }, array B={ B [1], B [2], B are created
[n] }, A [1]=Upvref1, A [2]=Upvref2 is made, A [n]=Upvrefn；
Secondly, A [1], A [2] are judged one by one, A [n] and default voltage reference value Uref size, work as A
[i]-Uref≤0, B [i]=0, as A [i]-Uref ＞ 0, B [i]=i；That is, each element and default electricity in array A
Pressure reference value compares, it is assumed that has 6 elements, only A [2] in array A, A [5] is more than preset value, then and B=0,2,0,0,5,
0}。
Again, the size of A [i] and A [i+1] in array A is compared one by one by A [1], if A [i] ＞ A [i+1],
A [i] and A [i+1] is exchanged, while exchanges B [i] and B [i+1]；Otherwise A [i] and A [i+1] is kept, B [i] and B [i+1] is constant,
Until completeer A [n-1] and A [n].
Through as above comparing, the voltage that A [n] is array A gives maximum, as Upvrefmax, corresponding photovoltaic input
Branch road is B [n], if B [n]=0, illustrates that each photovoltaic input branch road carries out MPPT tracking by Boost circuit, otherwise
Boost circuit corresponding to a certain photovoltaic input branch road be present and, without the by-passing that boosts, realize that the road photovoltaic is defeated by inverter circuit
Enter the MPPT tracking of branch road.
Further, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 sets forth the tool that Boost circuit realizes the MPPT tracking of corresponding photovoltaic input branch road
Body implementation method and inverter circuit realize that inverter circuit output current is illustrated with line voltage with frequency with the concrete methods of realizing of phase
Figure.
Further, in the present embodiment, the tool of the MPPT tracking of corresponding photovoltaic input branch road is realized per road Boost circuit
Body implementation method is as shown in Figure 3：By photovoltaic input voltage Upv and electric current Ipv, generation voltage is controlled to give through a MPPT
Upvref, voltage is given into Upvref and subtracts current voltage Upv, by the difference of acquisition through the first controller regulation the first electricity of output
Flow reference value Ipvr, by the first current reference value Ipvr subtract current flow Ipv through second controller control output duty cycle to
First PWM generator produces drive signal driving Boost circuit operation.
Further, in the present embodiment, inverter circuit realizes inverter circuit output current with line voltage with the same phase of frequency
Concrete methods of realizing it is as shown in Figure 4：Busbar voltage gives Ubusref and subtracts current busbar voltage Ubus, by the difference of acquisition
The second current reference value Ibusr of output is controlled through the 3rd controller, by the second current reference value Ibusr of gained and the electricity of acquisition
Grid-connected current reference value Ir is produced after net phase multiplication, is passed through successively after grid-connected current reference value is subtracted each other with actual electric network electric current Ig
4th controller, the second PWM generator produce drive signal driving inverter circuit operation.
Wherein, busbar voltage give Ubusref be Upvref1+ Δ U1, Upvref2+ Δs U2, Upvrefn+
Maximum in Δ Un, Ubusmin, wherein, Δ U1, Δ U2 Δs Un are respectively corresponding Boost circuit output and input
Minimum voltage difference.When exist certain all the way photovoltaic input branch road corresponding to Boost circuit do not boost by-passing when, the road photovoltaic is defeated
Enter branch road voltage be given as Upvref1+ Δ U1, Upvref2+ Δs U2, in Upvrefn+Δ Un, Ubusmin
Maximum, it is that road photovoltaic inputs the MPPT floating voltages of branch road and given that controlling, which makes busbar voltage give Ubusref, can be achieved by
Inverter circuit realizes the MPPT tracking of the road photovoltaic input branch road.
Further, in the present embodiment, so that two-way inputs as an example, inverter circuit uses full bridge inverter, system frame
Figure is as shown in Figure 5.The given voltage of the photovoltaic inverting system of two-way input is respectively Upvref1, Upvref2, and the two voltage is given
Surely following three kinds of situations be present, specific embodiment difference is as follows corresponding to three kinds of situations：
Embodiment one：The voltage of whole photovoltaic input branch roads is given to be below default voltage reference value Uref：
The MPPT floating voltages of two-way input give Upvref1, Upvref2 and are below default voltage reference value Uref,
Such as Fig. 6（a）It is shown, wherein default voltage reference value Uref >=minimum bus voltage give Ubusmin, now array A=
Upvref1, Upvref2 }, array B={ 0,0 }, no matter now which road photovoltaic input branch road is that voltage gives maximum
Upvrefmax, the value that corresponding photovoltaic is inputted in branch road B [2] is 0, i.e. two-way photovoltaic input branch road is real by Boost circuit
Existing MPPT tracking.
Embodiment two：Have and the voltage of only a certain photovoltaic input branch road gives and is higher than default voltage reference value Uref：
The MPPT floating voltages of one photovoltaic input branch road give Upvref1 and are more than default voltage reference value Uref（Together
The default voltage reference value Uref >=minimum bus voltage of sample gives Ubusmin）, the MPPT tracking electricity of another photovoltaic input branch road
The given Upvref2 of pressure is less than default voltage reference value Uref, such as Fig. 6（b）It is shown, now array A=Upvref1,
Upvref2 }, array B={ 1,0 }, after as above comparing exchange, array A={ Upvref2, Upvref1 }, array B={ 0,1 },
Voltage gives maximum Upvrefmax=Upvref1, and corresponding photovoltaic input branch road B [2]=1, is not 0, then first via photovoltaic is defeated
Enter Boost circuit corresponding to branch road and do not boost to realize that by-path turn-on carries out MPPT tracking, and the second road light by rear class inverter circuit
Volt input branch route Boost circuit carries out MPPT tracking.
The voltage of embodiment three, at least two-way photovoltaic input branch road is given to be higher than default voltage reference value Uref：
The MPPT floating voltages of two-way photovoltaic input branch road give Upvref1, Upvref2 and are all higher than default Voltage Reference
Value Uref（Same default voltage reference value Uref >=minimum bus voltage gives Ubusmin）, such as Fig. 6（c）It is shown, now count
Group A={ Upvref1, Upvref2 }, array B={ 1,2 }, it is assumed that Upvref1 ＞ Upvref2, after as above comparing exchange, number
Group A={ Upvref2, Upvref1 }, array B={ 2,1 }, voltage give maximum Upvrefmax=Upvref1, corresponding photovoltaic
Input branch road B [2]=1, be not 0, then the first via photovoltaic input branch road corresponding to Boost circuit do not boost realize by-path turn-on by
Rear class inverter circuit carries out MPPT tracking, and the second road photovoltaic input branch road still carries out MPPT tracking by Boost circuit；
As above analysis is understood, the independent MPPT trackings of the multichannel input photovoltaic inverting system in the present embodiment, to every
One photovoltaic input branch road carries out independent MPPT tracking, realizes that efficiency maximizes, and is applicable two-way input branch road photovoltaic inverting system
Different situations.It is more than the system of two-way for branch road, its voltage is given can be also divided into three cases above, to two more than
Road inputs the explanation of branch road photovoltaic inverting system different situations, can be clearly understood from multichannel input photovoltaic Inversion Control System side
Method.
Above is presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, all changes made according to technical solution of the present invention, caused function are made
During with scope without departing from technical solution of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is belonged to.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of independent MPPT trackings of multichannel input photovoltaic inverting system, it is characterised in that a multichannel input light is provided
Inversion system is lied prostrate, multichannel input photovoltaic inverting system includes：N roads photovoltaic input branch road and an inverter circuit；The photovoltaic
Input branch road includes photovoltaic panel group string and the Boost circuit being sequentially connected；N roads Boost circuit output end same polarity is in parallel, and
The direct-flow input end of the inverter circuit is connected to, the ac output end of the inverter circuit is connected to load or power network；It is described
Independent MPPT trackings are realized in accordance with the following steps：
Step S1：MPPT floating voltage set-points Upvref1, Upvref2 per road photovoltaic input branch road are obtained into Upvrefn
Voltage give maximum Upvrefmax, wherein, n is the integer more than 1；
Step S2：Judge that the voltage gives whether maximum Upvrefmax is more than predeterminated voltage reference value Uref, if it is not, then
Control is boosted per road Boost circuit, and MPPT tracking is carried out to photovoltaic input branch road；Otherwise, then the voltage is controlled to give
The Boost circuit of photovoltaic input branch road is without boosting corresponding to maximum Upvrefmax, and controls the inverter circuit to this
Photovoltaic input branch road MPPT tracking, in addition to the photovoltaic inputs branch road, controls and is boosted per road Boost circuit, photovoltaic is inputted
Branch road carries out MPPT tracking.
2. a kind of independent MPPT trackings of multichannel input photovoltaic inverting system according to claim 1, its feature exist
In the step S1 comprises the following steps：
Step S11：Establish array A={ A [1], A [2] ..., A [n] }, array B={ B [1], B [2] ... B [n] }, make A [1]=
Upvref1, A [2]=Upvref2 ..., A [n]=Upvrefn；
Step S12：A [1] to A [n] and the predeterminated voltage reference value Uref size are judged successively, and work as A [i]-Uref≤0
When, make B [i]=0；As A [i]-Uref ＞ 0, B [i]=i is made；
Step S13：Since A [1], one by one in the array A A [i] and A [i+1] size；If A [i] ＞ A [i+1],
A [i] and A [i+1] is then exchanged, and exchanges B [i] and B [i+1] simultaneously；Otherwise, A [i] and A [i+1], and B [i] and B [i+ are kept
1] it is constant, the comparison until completing A [n-1] and A [n], and value corresponding to A [n] is given into maximum as voltage
Upvrefmax。
3. a kind of independent MPPT trackings of multichannel input photovoltaic inverting system according to claim 1, its feature exist
In in the step S2, the control is boosted per road Boost circuit, and carrying out MPPT tracking to photovoltaic input branch road presses
Realized according to following manner：The input photovoltaic input voltage Upv and photovoltaic input current Ipv of photovoltaic panel group string are inputted to one
MPPT control units produce voltage set-point Upvref；By the voltage set-point Upvref and the photovoltaic input voltage Upv
Subtract each other, the first current reference value Ipvr of output is adjusted through the first controller, and by the first current reference value Ipvr and the light
Volt input current Ipv subtracts each other, and gained difference is inputted to a second controller；The second controller output duty cycle is to first
PWM generator, Boost circuit corresponding to generation drive signal driving are boosted.
4. a kind of independent MPPT trackings of multichannel input photovoltaic inverting system according to claim 1, its feature exist
In the output current that the inverter circuit is used to control the inverter circuit is with line voltage with the same phase of frequency.
5. a kind of independent MPPT trackings of multichannel input photovoltaic inverting system according to claim 4, its feature exist
In the inverter circuit controls the output current of the inverter circuit to be realized as follows with phase with frequency with line voltage：
One busbar voltage set-point Ubusref and current busbar voltage Ubus are subtracted each other, and by differential transmission to one the 3rd controller, it is defeated
Go out the second current reference value Ibusr；Grid-connected current reference is produced after second current reference value Ibusr is multiplied with grid phase
Value Ir；After the grid-connected current reference value Ir and actual electric network electric current Ig are subtracted each other, sent out through one the 4th controller and one the 2nd PWM
Raw device produces drive signal and drives the inverter circuit.
6. a kind of independent MPPT trackings of multichannel input photovoltaic inverting system according to claim 5, its feature exist
In, the busbar voltage set-point Ubusref take Upvref1+ Δ U1, Upvref2+ Δs U2 ..., Upvrefn+ Δs Un,
Maximum in Ubusmin, wherein, Δ U1, Δ U2 ..., Δ Un correspond to every road Boost circuit output with inputting most respectively
Small voltage difference, Ubusmin are that the minimum bus voltage of inverter circuit gives.
7. a kind of independent MPPT trackings of multichannel input photovoltaic inverting system according to claim 6, its feature exist
In the predeterminated voltage reference value Uref gives Ubusmin not less than the minimum bus voltage of the inverter circuit.
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