CN105865374A - Method for measuring curvature radius of cylindrical roller - Google Patents

Method for measuring curvature radius of cylindrical roller Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105865374A
CN105865374A CN201610173245.3A CN201610173245A CN105865374A CN 105865374 A CN105865374 A CN 105865374A CN 201610173245 A CN201610173245 A CN 201610173245A CN 105865374 A CN105865374 A CN 105865374A
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degree
curvature
radius
circle cylinder
air
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CN105865374B (en
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王中宇
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Luoyang Hengji Intelligent Numerical Control Equipment Technology Co Ltd
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Luoyang Hengji Intelligent Numerical Control Equipment Technology Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/24Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
    • G01B11/255Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures for measuring radius of curvature

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for measuring the curvature radius of a cylindrical roller, and the method employs a measurement device. The measurement device comprises a substrate, a two-dimensional moveable frame, a support, a laser displacement sensor, a clamping sleeve, an air-bearing turntable, an air bearing, and a servo motor. The method employs the laser displacement sensor to measure the curvature radiuses of two arcs of the cylindrical roller at the same height. The method employs a non-contact mode, so the method cannot damage the precise structure and contour of the surface arc of the cylindrical roller in a measurement process. The method carries out the fitting of the curvature radius at the height through a least square method. The method can measure the curvature radius at other heights through the same operation process, thereby calculating the total curvature radius of the cylindrical roller, judging whether the total curvature radius meets the design requirements or not, improving the measurement precision of the curvature radius of the cylindrical roller, avoiding a manual error, and effectively improving the performance of the cylindrical roller overall when the cylindrical roller leaves a factory. The method is simple and reliable, and the measurement device can be used repeatedly.

Description

A kind of measuring method of cylindrical roller radius of curvature
Technical field
The invention belongs to bearing roller test technique automatic field, refer more particularly to a kind of cylindrical roller The measuring method of radius of curvature.
Background technology
The radius of curvature of cylindrical roller reflects the characteristic mass of its surface geometry pattern, not only affects axle The assembling quality held, and determine the stability of bearing working.But, it is subject to processing the restriction of level, Often there is fine difference in the radius of curvature of finished product cylindrical roller, these fine differences are restriction bearings The key that can improve.Therefore, need after grinding whether the radius of curvature detecting cylindrical roller meets Precision and design requirement.
In actually detected, the metering system of cylindrical roller radius of curvature mainly has pattern method, standard to roll Sub-painting process and the contourgraph direct method of measurement.
Pattern method is to utilize standard jig to contact with cylindrical roller surface to realize qualitative inspection side, pattern method Be applicable to the Site Detection after grinding, the certainty of measurement of pattern method by standard jig manufacturing process, The restriction of the factor such as positioning precision, site environment, therefore can not realize the height of cylindrical roller radius of curvature Precision measure.
Standard roller painting process is the song that the mode that employing standard roller is tinted carrys out qualitative detection cylindrical roller Rate radius, standard roller painting process is applicable in the workshop after grinding eventually detect, the survey of standard roller painting process Accuracy of measurement is by accuracy class, the coating quality of standard roller and smears the factors such as uniformity and is affected, the most not The detection of degree of precision cylindrical roller radius of curvature can be realized.
The contourgraph direct method of measurement is directly to be measured the surface configuration of cylindrical roller by contourgraph, and profit The radius of curvature of cylindrical roller is tried to achieve with least square fitting.The contourgraph direct method of measurement in tune and Operating process is readily incorporated bigger measure error, is therefore extremely difficult to higher certainty of measurement.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned weak point, the invention provides the measuring method of a kind of cylindrical roller radius of curvature, This measuring method measures the radius of curvature of cylindrical roller by a set of measurement apparatus, utilizes laser displacement Sensor measurement cylindrical roller radius of curvature at sustained height, recycling least square fitting goes out Radius of curvature at this height, finally utilizes identical method to measure the song at other height of cylindrical roller Rate radius, thus obtain the total curve radius of cylindrical roller, and judge whether total curve radius meets Required precision, thus improve the certainty of measurement of cylindrical roller radius of curvature.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of measuring method of cylindrical roller radius of curvature, this measuring method uses a set of measurement apparatus, Described measurement apparatus include pedestal, two-dimensional movement adjustable shelf, support, laser displacement sensor, gripping sleeve, Air-float turntable, air-bearing and servomotor, the anglec of rotation of servomotor and rotary speed v1And v2All By computer control, wherein v1< v2, measured circle cylinder roller curvature that laser displacement sensor detects Radius data is transfused in this computer, and this computer has also stored least square fitting method, by this A young waiter in a wineshop or an inn takes advantage of fitting process can calculate the radius of curvature of measured circle cylinder roller, and measured circle cylinder roller is at mill Cutting to add and have positioning end man-hour, described positioning end has made display mark, given cylinder when grinding The design radius of curvature of shape roller is R, and inventive feature is as follows:
On pedestal, side is configured with two-dimensional movement adjustable shelf, and two-dimensional movement adjustable shelf has fixing vertical rack Level frame with moving up and down with described vertical rack, is joined by screw thread below the either end of described level frame Connect the support that can move left and right, support is fixed with laser displacement sensor;
On pedestal, opposite side is configured with air-bearing, and the servo motor output shaft being arranged on pedestal lower end passes Coupling with air-float turntable after air-bearing, air-float turntable is positioned horizontally in air-bearing upper surface, air-float turntable Center line is to overlap with servo motor output shaft center line after coupling, and joins in the upper surface of air-float turntable Equipped with the gripping sleeve that can dismantle, the gripping sleeve center line after equipped clamping overlaps with the center line of air-float turntable;
The radius of curvature measuring measured circle cylinder roller is carried out as follows:
1. the described positioning end of measured circle cylinder roller is lain in and on air-float turntable, make measured circle cylinder roller Central axis upright in air-float turntable horizontal plane, by described fixed by measured circle cylinder roller of gripping sleeve Clamp at the end of position, be set as to the total height at measured circle cylinder roller upper end edge at gripping sleeve upper end edge L, measures k time altogether, then the height spacing every time measured be l=L/k, k be nature positive integer, regulation institute Stating level frame makes laser displacement sensor first be directed at the circular arc at measured circle cylinder roller upper end edge, now swashs The initial measurement locations of Optical displacement sensor is called l1At 0 degree, position;
2. servomotor is started in the direction of the clock and with v1Rotate 30 degree, now the rotation of measured circle cylinder roller Position when turning 30 degree is marked as l1At 30 degree, position, from described l1To described l at 0 degree, position1Position 30 Measure at the laser displacement sensor circular arc to measured circle cylinder roller at degree and draw l1Position I number According to, described l1Position I data are transfused in computer, and computer utilizes least square fitting method to solve Go out described l1Radius of curvature r of position I data1
3. servomotor is started in the direction of the clock from described l1Set out and with speed v at 30 degree, position2Rotate 180 degree, now position during measured circle cylinder roller rotation turnback is marked as l1At 210 degree, position;
4. servomotor is started in the direction of the clock from described l1Set out and with v at 210 degree, position1Rotate 30 Degree, position when now measured circle cylinder roller rotates 30 degree is marked as l1At 240 degree, position, from institute State l1To described zero l at 210 degree, position1At 240 degree, position, laser displacement sensor is to measured circle cylinder roller Measure at circular arc and draw l1Position II data, described l1Position II data are transfused in computer, calculate Machine utilizes least square fitting method can solve described l1Radius of curvature r of position II data2, computer leads to CrossMeasured circle cylinder roller can be calculated at l1Mean radius of curvature R during position1
5. described level frame moves down first height spacing l makes laser displacement sensor alignment tested The l of cylindrical roller2Circular arc at Wei, now the initial measurement locations of laser displacement sensor is called l2 Position 0 degree at, repeat above-mentioned 2.-4. can calculate measured circle cylinder roller at l2Average curvature during position Radius R2
6. above-mentioned 5. on the basis of described level frame moved still further below second height spacing l make laser The l of displacement transducer alignment measured circle cylinder roller3Circular arc at Wei, now laser displacement sensor is initial Measure position and be called l3Position 0 degree at, by that analogy laser displacement sensor from initial measurement locations by Highly spacing l moves down successively and just has l4Position 0 degree at, l5At 0 degree, position ... and lkAt 0 degree, position, Constantly repeat above-mentioned 2.-4. can calculate measured circle cylinder roller at l3Mean radius of curvature during position R3、l4Mean radius of curvature R during position4... and lkMean radius of curvature R during positionk
The R obtained is measured by above-mentioned k time1、R2、R3、R4、…RkTotal curvature half is calculated by computer Footpath RAlways:
The total curve radius R of measured circle cylinder roller just can be compared again by computerAlwaysWhether meet R it Design requirement.
Owing to using techniques described above scheme, the present invention produces following good effect:
1, the present invention can disposably measure different size cylindrical roller curvature half at different circular arcs Footpath, thus realize the identification to cylindrical roller surface profile, and automatically identify qualified cylindrical rolling Son.
2, the present invention uses contactless measurement, will not destroy cylindrical roller table during measuring The fine structure of face circular arc and profile.
3, laser displacement sensor is utilized to measure the curvature of two sections of different circular arcs at cylindrical roller sustained height Radius, recycling least square fitting goes out the radius of curvature at this height, repeats identical process with regard to energy Measure the radius of curvature at other height, thus calculate the total curve radius of cylindrical roller, and judge Go out whether total curve radius meets design requirement.
4, the present invention can improve the certainty of measurement of cylindrical roller radius of curvature, it is to avoid human error, from whole The performance of dispatching from the factory of cylindrical roller can be effectively improved on body.
5, the measuring method of the present invention more can meet being actually needed of industrial detection and lean product.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the partial structurtes simplified schematic diagram of measurement apparatus.
In Fig. 1: 1-pedestal;2-two-dimensional movement adjustable shelf;3-support;4-laser displacement sensor;5- Measured circle cylinder roller;6-gripping sleeve;7-air-float turntable;8-air-bearing;9-servomotor.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is the measuring method of a kind of cylindrical roller radius of curvature, and the present invention utilizes laser displacement to pass Sensor measures the radius of curvature of two sections of different circular arcs at cylindrical roller sustained height, recycles least square Method simulates the radius of curvature at this height, repeats identical process and just can measure the curvature at other height Radius, thus calculate the total curve radius of cylindrical roller, and judge whether total curve radius meets Design requirement.
In conjunction with Fig. 1, the method for the present invention use a set of measurement apparatus, described measurement apparatus include pedestal 1, Two-dimensional movement adjustable shelf 2, support 3, laser displacement sensor 4, gripping sleeve 6, air-float turntable 7, air supporting Bearing 8 and servomotor 9, the anglec of rotation of servomotor 9 and rotary speed v1And v2By computer control System, wherein v1< v2, v1And v2Can require according to the measurement of measured circle cylinder roller 5 and set in advance.
The measured circle cylinder roller radius of curvature data that laser displacement sensor detects are transfused to this computer In, this computer has also stored least square fitting method, can be calculated by this least square fitting method The radius of curvature of measured circle cylinder roller, measured circle cylinder roller has positioning end when grinding, institute Stating positioning end and made display mark when grinding, the design radius of curvature of given cylindrical roller is R。
The connecting relation of described measurement apparatus is summarized as follows:
On pedestal, side is configured with two-dimensional movement adjustable shelf, and two-dimensional movement adjustable shelf has fixing vertical rack Level frame with moving up and down with described vertical rack, is joined by screw thread below the either end of described level frame Connecing the support that can move left and right, support is fixed with laser displacement sensor, described level frame can drive and swash Optical displacement sensor realizes moving up and down, and the mode that described level frame moves up and down along described vertical rack is permissible Manual, it is also possible to be automatic, and the support moved left and right can regulate laser displacement sensor with The spacing on measured circle cylinder roller surface.
On pedestal, opposite side is configured with air-bearing, and the servo motor output shaft being arranged on pedestal lower end passes Coupling with air-float turntable after air-bearing, air-float turntable is positioned horizontally in air-bearing upper surface and ensures air supporting During bearing rotary, air-float turntable is with its synchronous axial system, air-float turntable center line and servo motor output shaft center Line is to overlap after connection, is fitted with the gripping sleeve that can dismantle in the upper surface of air-float turntable, equipped folder Gripping sleeve center line after Jin overlaps with the center line of air-float turntable.
Under the assistance of described measurement apparatus, the measuring method of the present invention is carried out as follows:
1. the described positioning end of measured circle cylinder roller is lain in and on air-float turntable, make measured circle cylinder roller Central axis upright in air-float turntable horizontal plane, by described fixed by measured circle cylinder roller of gripping sleeve Clamp at the end of position, be set as to the total height at measured circle cylinder roller upper end edge at gripping sleeve upper end edge L, measures k time altogether, then the height spacing of every time measurement be l=L/k, k be nature positive integer, for quilt For surveying cylindrical roller, if L=15, then advise k >=3, this is because the song of measured circle cylinder roller Rate radius change is little and causes, and measures and takes three position R of upper, middle and lower for 3 times1、R2And R3?.Gripping sleeve Having certain altitude, gripping sleeve is called at gripping sleeve lower end edge what short transverse contacted with air-float turntable, Otherwise it is called at gripping sleeve upper end edge.Regulating described level frame, to make laser displacement sensor first be directed at tested Circular arc at cylindrical roller upper end edge, now the initial measurement locations of laser displacement sensor is called l1 At 0 degree, position, it is therefore seen that the present invention uses contactless measurement, will not destroy during measuring The fine structure of cylindrical roller surface circular arc and profile.
2. servomotor is started in the direction of the clock and with v1Rotate 30 degree, now the rotation of measured circle cylinder roller Position when turning 30 degree is marked as l1At 30 degree, position, to described l at 0 degree, described l1 position1Position 30 Measure at the laser displacement sensor circular arc to measured circle cylinder roller at degree and draw l1Position I number According to, described l1Position I data are transfused in computer, and computer utilizes least square fitting method to solve Go out described l1Radius of curvature r of position I data1
3. servomotor is started in the direction of the clock from described l1Set out and with speed v at 30 degree, position2Rotate 180 degree, now position during measured circle cylinder roller rotation turnback is marked as l1At 210 degree, position, Described l1Need not at 210 degree, position measure radius of curvature, be a transient process.
4. servomotor is started in the direction of the clock from described l1Set out and with v at 210 degree, position1Rotate 30 Degree, position when now measured circle cylinder roller rotates 30 degree is marked as l1At 240 degree, position, from institute State l1To described zero l at 210 degree, position1At 240 degree, position, laser displacement sensor is to measured circle cylinder roller Measure at circular arc and draw l1Position II data, described l1Position II data are transfused in computer, calculate Machine utilizes least square fitting method can solve described l1Radius of curvature r of position II data2, computer leads to CrossMeasured circle cylinder roller can be calculated at l1Mean radius of curvature R during position1
5. described level frame moves down first height spacing l makes laser displacement sensor alignment tested The l of cylindrical roller2Circular arc at Wei, now the initial measurement locations of laser displacement sensor is called l2 Position 0 degree at, repeat above-mentioned 2.-4. can calculate measured circle cylinder roller at l2Average curvature during position Radius R2
6. above-mentioned 5. on the basis of described level frame moved still further below second height spacing l make laser The l of displacement transducer alignment measured circle cylinder roller3Circular arc at Wei, now laser displacement sensor is initial Measure position and be called l3Position 0 degree at, by that analogy laser displacement sensor from initial measurement locations by Highly spacing l moves down successively and just has l4Position 0 degree at, l5At 0 degree, position ... and lkAt 0 degree, position, Constantly repeat above-mentioned 2.-4. can calculate measured circle cylinder roller at l3Mean radius of curvature during position R3、l4Mean radius of curvature R during position4... and lkMean radius of curvature R during positionk
The R obtained is measured by above-mentioned k time1、R2、R3、R4、…RkTotal curvature half is calculated by computer Footpath RAlways:
The total curve radius R of measured circle cylinder roller just can be compared again by computerAlwaysWhether meet R it Design requirement, the design radius of curvature R of cylindrical roller has certain margin of tolerance, RAlwaysAs long as falling Entering in this margin of tolerance, computer just can make qualified judgement immediately, otherwise will make defective judgement, It is therefore seen that the present invention can disposably measure different size measured circle cylinder roller song at different circular arcs Rate radius, thus realize identification to measured circle cylinder roller surface profile, and automatically identify qualified Measured circle cylinder roller, meets industrialization detection and the lean product demand of cylindrical roller.
Above-mentioned is measuring method from top to bottom, and the present invention measures measured circle cylinder roller from top to bottom Radius of curvature is equally feasible, now regulates described level frame and makes laser displacement sensor first be directed at clamping The circular arc of measured circle cylinder roller at edge, set upper side, then the initial measurement locations of laser displacement sensor claims it For l1Position 0 degree at, by above-mentioned 2.-4. can calculate measured circle cylinder roller at l1Position time average Radius of curvature R1, afterwards described level frame is moved up first height spacing l and makes laser displacement sense The l of device alignment measured circle cylinder roller2Circular arc at Wei, the now initial measurement locations of laser displacement sensor It is called l2At 0 degree, position, repeat 5.-6. can draw total curve radius RAlways, not described part sees institute State technical scheme.

Claims (1)

1. a measuring method for cylindrical roller radius of curvature, this measuring method uses a set of measurement to fill Putting, described measurement apparatus includes that pedestal (1), two-dimensional movement adjustable shelf (2), support (3), laser displacement pass Sensor (4), gripping sleeve (6), air-float turntable (7), air-bearing (8) and servomotor (9), servomotor (9) the anglec of rotation and rotary speed v1And v2By computer control, wherein v1< v2, laser displacement passes Measured circle cylinder roller (5) the radius of curvature data that sensor (4) detects are transfused in this computer, this meter Calculation machine has also stored least square fitting method, can calculate tested cylinder by this least square fitting method The radius of curvature of shape roller (5), measured circle cylinder roller (5) has positioning end when grinding, described Positioning end has made display mark when grinding, and the design radius of curvature of given cylindrical roller is R, It is characterized in that:
The upper side of pedestal (1) is configured with two-dimensional movement adjustable shelf (2), and two-dimensional movement adjustable shelf (2) has fixing Vertical rack and the level frame that moves up and down with described vertical rack, square tube under the either end of described level frame Cross the support (3) that thread connection can move left and right, support (3) is fixed with laser displacement sensor (4);
The upper opposite side of pedestal (1) is configured with air-bearing (8), is arranged on the servomotor (9) of pedestal (1) lower end Output shaft couples with air-float turntable (7) afterwards through air-bearing (8), and air-float turntable (7) is positioned horizontally in air-bearing shafts Holding (8) upper surface, air-float turntable (7) center line is weight with servomotor (9) output shaft center line after coupling Close, be fitted with the gripping sleeve (6) that can dismantle in the upper surface of air-float turntable (7), the folder after equipped clamping Tight set (6) center line overlaps with the center line of air-float turntable (7);
The radius of curvature measuring measured circle cylinder roller (5) is carried out as follows:
1. the described positioning end of measured circle cylinder roller (5) is lain in and make tested cylinder on air-float turntable (7) The central axis upright of shape roller (5) is in air-float turntable (7) horizontal plane, by gripping sleeve (6) by tested cylinder Clamp at the described positioning end of shape roller (5), to measured circle cylinder roller (5) at gripping sleeve (6) upper end edge Total height at upper end edge is set as L, measures altogether k time, then the height spacing every time measured is l=L/k, K is nature positive integer, regulates described level frame and makes laser displacement sensor (4) first be directed at the rolling of measured circle cylindricality Circular arc at son (5) upper end edge, now the initial measurement locations of laser displacement sensor (4) is called l1Position At 0 degree;
2. servomotor (9) is started in the direction of the clock and with v1Rotate 30 degree, now the rolling of measured circle cylindricality Position when son (5) rotates 30 degree is marked as l1At 30 degree, position, from described l1To described l at 0 degree, position1 Measure at the laser displacement sensor (4) circular arc to measured circle cylinder roller (5) at 30 degree, position and obtain Go out l1Position I data, described l1Position I data are transfused in computer, and computer utilizes least square fitting Method can solve described l1Radius of curvature r of position I data1
3. servomotor (9) is started in the direction of the clock from described l1Set out and with speed v at 30 degree, position2Rotation Turnback, now position during measured circle cylinder roller (5) rotation turnback is marked as l1Position 210 At degree;
4. servomotor (9) is started in the direction of the clock from described l1Set out and with v at 210 degree, position1Rotate 30 degree, position when now measured circle cylinder roller (5) rotates 30 degree is marked as l1At 240 degree, position, From described l1To described zero l at 210 degree, position1At 240 degree, position, laser displacement sensor (4) is to tested cylinder Measure at the circular arc of shape roller (5) and draw l1Position II data, described l1Position II data are transfused to meter In calculation machine, computer utilizes least square fitting method can solve described l1The radius of curvature of position II data r2, computer passes throughMeasured circle cylinder roller (5) can be calculated at l1Position time average Radius of curvature R1
5. described level frame moves down first height spacing l makes laser displacement sensor (4) be directed at The l of measured circle cylinder roller (5)2Circular arc at Wei, the now initial measurement locations of laser displacement sensor (4) It is called l2Position 0 degree at, repeat above-mentioned 2.-4. can calculate measured circle cylinder roller (5) at l2During position Mean radius of curvature R2
6. above-mentioned 5. on the basis of described level frame moved still further below second height spacing l make laser The l of displacement transducer (4) alignment measured circle cylinder roller (5)3Circular arc at Wei, now laser displacement sensor (4) initial measurement locations is called l3At 0 degree, position, laser displacement sensor (4) is from initially by that analogy Measurement position rises to move down successively by height spacing l just has l4Position 0 degree at, l5At 0 degree, position ... and lkPosition 0 degree at, constantly repeat above-mentioned 2.-4. can calculate measured circle cylinder roller (5) at l3During position Mean radius of curvature R3、l4Mean radius of curvature R during position4... and lkMean radius of curvature R during positionk
The R obtained is measured by above-mentioned k time1、R2、R3、R4、…RkTotal curvature half is calculated by computer Footpath R is total:
The total curve radius R of measured circle cylinder roller (5) just can be compared again by computerAlwaysWhether meet R Design requirement.
CN201610173245.3A 2016-03-24 2016-03-24 A kind of measuring method of cylindrical roller radius of curvature Expired - Fee Related CN105865374B (en)

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CN106643537A (en) * 2016-12-30 2017-05-10 常州高晟传感技术有限公司 Automatic measuring system for oil gallery of bearing based on structured light and method
CN106736862A (en) * 2017-03-07 2017-05-31 华侨大学 A kind of on-line measurement device and method of contactless turner
CN108458872A (en) * 2018-04-18 2018-08-28 清华大学 A kind of Harmonic Gears deformation of flexible wheel characteristic test system and method
CN110823061A (en) * 2019-11-18 2020-02-21 中国航发贵州黎阳航空动力有限公司 Device and method for measuring different section radiuses of large thin-wall cylinder part

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CN101013027A (en) * 2007-01-31 2007-08-08 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 High-frequency error detecting apparatus and method for heavy caliber heavy relative aperture aspherical mirror

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106643537A (en) * 2016-12-30 2017-05-10 常州高晟传感技术有限公司 Automatic measuring system for oil gallery of bearing based on structured light and method
CN106736862A (en) * 2017-03-07 2017-05-31 华侨大学 A kind of on-line measurement device and method of contactless turner
CN108458872A (en) * 2018-04-18 2018-08-28 清华大学 A kind of Harmonic Gears deformation of flexible wheel characteristic test system and method
CN110823061A (en) * 2019-11-18 2020-02-21 中国航发贵州黎阳航空动力有限公司 Device and method for measuring different section radiuses of large thin-wall cylinder part

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