CN105864664A - 照明设备和用于制造照明设备的方法 - Google Patents

照明设备和用于制造照明设备的方法 Download PDF

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CN105864664A
CN105864664A CN201610306334.0A CN201610306334A CN105864664A CN 105864664 A CN105864664 A CN 105864664A CN 201610306334 A CN201610306334 A CN 201610306334A CN 105864664 A CN105864664 A CN 105864664A
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CN105864664B (zh
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C·W·奎斯特豪特
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21KNON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21K99/00Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21VFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V23/00Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
    • F21V23/003Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being electronics drivers or controllers for operating the light source, e.g. for a LED array
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21KNON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21K9/00Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
    • F21K9/20Light sources comprising attachment means
    • F21K9/23Retrofit light sources for lighting devices with a single fitting for each light source, e.g. for substitution of incandescent lamps with bayonet or threaded fittings
    • F21K9/232Retrofit light sources for lighting devices with a single fitting for each light source, e.g. for substitution of incandescent lamps with bayonet or threaded fittings specially adapted for generating an essentially omnidirectional light distribution, e.g. with a glass bulb
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21KNON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21K9/00Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
    • F21K9/20Light sources comprising attachment means
    • F21K9/23Retrofit light sources for lighting devices with a single fitting for each light source, e.g. for substitution of incandescent lamps with bayonet or threaded fittings
    • F21K9/238Arrangement or mounting of circuit elements integrated in the light source
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21KNON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21K9/00Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
    • F21K9/60Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction
    • F21K9/61Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction using light guides
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S10/00Lighting devices or systems producing a varying lighting effect
    • F21S10/005Lighting devices or systems producing a varying lighting effect using light guides
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0005Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being of the fibre type
    • G02B6/001Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being of the fibre type the light being emitted along at least a portion of the lateral surface of the fibre
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0015Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/002Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it by shaping at least a portion of the light guide, e.g. with collimating, focussing or diverging surfaces
    • G02B6/0021Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it by shaping at least a portion of the light guide, e.g. with collimating, focussing or diverging surfaces for housing at least a part of the light source, e.g. by forming holes or recesses
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02Details
    • H05K1/0277Bendability or stretchability details
    • H05K1/028Bending or folding regions of flexible printed circuits
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S4/00Lighting devices or systems using a string or strip of light sources
    • F21S4/20Lighting devices or systems using a string or strip of light sources with light sources held by or within elongate supports
    • F21S4/22Lighting devices or systems using a string or strip of light sources with light sources held by or within elongate supports flexible or deformable, e.g. into a curved shape
    • F21S4/26Lighting devices or systems using a string or strip of light sources with light sources held by or within elongate supports flexible or deformable, e.g. into a curved shape of rope form, e.g. LED lighting ropes, or of tubular form
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21WINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2121/00Use or application of lighting devices or systems for decorative purposes, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21YINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2103/00Elongate light sources, e.g. fluorescent tubes
    • F21Y2103/10Elongate light sources, e.g. fluorescent tubes comprising a linear array of point-like light-generating elements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21YINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2107/00Light sources with three-dimensionally disposed light-generating elements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21YINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2107/00Light sources with three-dimensionally disposed light-generating elements
    • F21Y2107/70Light sources with three-dimensionally disposed light-generating elements on flexible or deformable supports or substrates, e.g. for changing the light source into a desired form
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21YINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2113/00Combination of light sources
    • F21Y2113/10Combination of light sources of different colours
    • F21Y2113/13Combination of light sources of different colours comprising an assembly of point-like light sources
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21YINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2113/00Combination of light sources
    • F21Y2113/20Combination of light sources of different form
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21YINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10Light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00Printed circuits
    • H05K1/18Printed circuits structurally associated with non-printed electric components
    • H05K1/189Printed circuits structurally associated with non-printed electric components characterised by the use of a flexible or folded printed circuit
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/05Flexible printed circuits [FPCs]
    • H05K2201/051Rolled
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/10Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
    • H05K2201/10007Types of components
    • H05K2201/10106Light emitting diode [LED]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/10Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
    • H05K2201/10007Types of components
    • H05K2201/10113Lamp

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
  • Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
  • Illuminated Signs And Luminous Advertising (AREA)

Abstract

公开了一种用于提供装饰照明的照明设备。在一个实施例中,所述照明设备包括:基座,所述基座包括用于翻新传统白炽灯泡的基座;连续光学元件,一串多个发光二极管被布置在所述连续光学元件中;以及封套,封装所述连续光学元件以使得所述照明设备与传统白炽灯泡相似。

Description

照明设备和用于制造照明设备的方法
本申请是于2013年6月20日进入中国国家阶段的、国家申请号为201180061711.4的、发明名称为“照明设备和用于制造照明设备的方法”的PCT专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明主要地涉及照明设备领域。
背景技术
传统白炽灯泡在各种设计中可用,比如具有不同玻璃抛光材料(例如透明、扩散或者有色)的普通功能灯泡和具有复杂灯丝的装饰灯泡,其中灯丝本身服务于装饰目的。然而由于环保意识和法律驱动的对照明设备中的功率节省的需求,传统白炽灯泡正在被功率高效的光源(比如荧光灯和LED(发光二极管)灯)取代。这样的常规环境友好灯未提供与传统白炽灯泡相同的各种设计。
在WO 2006/035349中公开一种如何提供与碳灯丝灯相似的照明设备的解决方案。该文献示出一种包括固态光源的照明设备,该固态光源光学耦合到具有出耦合表面的光纤。这样的照明设备的缺点在于它未提供充分能量高效的功能照明(如例如普通照明或者作业照明)。
发明内容
因此需要提供将克服或者至少缓解或者减轻上文提到的缺点中的至少一些缺点的备选和/或新设备。正是鉴于上述考虑而已经创造本发明。本发明的目的是提供一种上文提到的技术和现有技术的改进备选。
更具体而言,本发明的目的是提供一种实现装饰照明和功能照明二者均具有提高的效率的照明设备。本发明的目的也是提供一种制造这样的照明设备的方法。
借助具有在独立权利要求中限定的特征的照明设备和制造照明设备的方法实现本发明的这些和其它目的。本发明的优选实施例以从属权利要求为特征。
因此,根据本发明的第一方面,提供一种照明设备。照明设备包括:第一发光元件,光学耦合到具有出耦合表面的光导用于经由光导照射。另外,照明设备包括专用于从照明设备直接照射的第二发光元件。
另外,根据本发明的第二方面,提供一种制造照明设备的方法。该方法包括以下步骤:提供第一发光元件;提供具有出耦合表面的光导;并且将第一发光元件光学耦合到光导。另外,该方法包括以下步骤:提供专用于从所述照明设备直接照射的第二发光元件。
本发明的基本思想在于经由光导从照明设备发射出从第一发光元件发射的光并且从第二发光元件直接从照明设备发射出从第二发光元件发射的光。作为结果,装饰照明由光导和第一发光元件提供,并且直接照射(适合于功能照明)由第二发光元件提供。
就这一点而言,术语“直接照射”意味着从照明设备发射从第二发光元件发射的光中的大部分或者至少相当一部分光而未穿过光导。发明人已经认识到根据现有技术的照明设备在从固态光源发射的光被耦合到光纤中、然后再次被耦合出时受到能量损耗。因此,可以关于功能照明(如例如普通照明或者作业照明)改进根据现有技术的照明设备。可以定义功能照明为如下类型的照明,在该类型的照明中希望从照明设备输出从固态光源发射的光中的尽可能多的光。
本发明的优势在于照明设备提供装饰外观(外在)和功能照射二者并且仍然能量高效,这是因为从第二发光元件直接发射从第二发光元件发射的光而无不必要的能量损耗。
另外,本发明的优势在于在单个照明设备内提供双重功能(装饰照明和功能照明)从而实现扩展的适用领域,这是因为照明设备可以用于装饰目的和例如用于普通照明或者作业照明二者。
根据本发明的实施例,经由光导和第一发光元件从照明设备的照射可以专用于第一类型的照明。另外,从第二发光元件而无任何光导的从照明设备的照射可以专用于第二类型的照明。因而,在功能上和在结构上分离第一类型的照明和第二类型的照明,使得可以在能量效率方面优化每个类型的照明。
根据本发明的实施例,第一发光元件可以专用于装饰照明(经由光导,例如在前述实施例中定义的第一类型的照明),并且第二发光元件可以专用于功能照明(无任何光导,例如在前述实施例中定义的第二类型的照明)。
根据本发明的实施例,第二发光元件的光强度相对于第一发光元件的光强度可以是可调的。优选地,第二发光元件的光强度可以响应于向照明设备的输入信号相对于第一发光元件的光强度可调。可以在照明设备处从连接到照明设备的调光器接收输入信号(其中调光信号的实际接收器在市电电压上)。备选地,可以例如在照明设备的低电压电路装置处(下文进一步描述)经由遥控器(由照明设备的用户操作)接收输入信号。优选地,可以使用转移函数,使得输入电压与在第一发光元件的强度与第二发光元件的强度之间的具体关系或者比值相关。本实施例的优势在于它提供照明设备的至少两个不同操作模式:装饰模式,针对该装饰模式,第二发光元件的光强度低于第一发光元件的光强度;以及功能模式,针对该功能模式,第二发光元件的光强度高于第一发光元件的光强度。换而言之,与在照明设备在功能模式中时相比,在第二发光元件的光强度在装饰模式中被降低时,光导将变得更可见并且代表来自照明设备的总光输出中的更大部分。在功能模式中,第二发光元件的光强度将主导来自照明设备的总光输出。
在本发明的实施例中,第二发光元件和第一发光元件中的至少一个发光元件可以是可调光的,其优势在于它提供在照明设备的两个上文提到的操作模式之间的无阶跃转变。另外,第一发光元件和第二发光元件可以被同时和/或单独(个别)调光。例如在增加第一发光元件的光强度时,同时也可以增加第二发光元件的光强度。可以使用所有发光元件共用的单个调光设备来实施这样一种调节(使照明设备相对地在技术上简单)。因此,当以低调光电平(即在低光强度)操作第一发光元件和第二发光元件二者时,来自照明设备的总光输出低,由此使可以提供装饰外观的光导可见。对照而言,当以高功率电平(即在高光强度)驱动发光元件时,来自照明设备的总光输出高,由此提供功能照明。将理解这样一种具有共用调光的调节与传统白炽照明设备的功能相似。
根据另一示例,其中发光元件被个别调光,增加第一发光元件的光强度而减少第二发光元件的光强度。在第一发光元件和第二发光元件具有不同光强度时可以实现并且甚至增强上文提到的效果(用于与传统白炽照明设备的功能相似)。
根据本发明的实施例,从第一发光元件发射的光的波长(颜色)是可调的,优选地响应于向照明设备的输入信号而可调。例如第一发光元件的颜色可以在装饰模式中被调节成红色/琥珀色并且在功能模式中被调节成黄色/白色。
在本发明的实施例中,向照明设备的输入信号可以是向照明设备供应的电流或者电压。另外,照明设备可以包括具有转移函数的电路装置,转移函数将输入信号与第一发光元件和第二发光元件的光输出和/或光颜色相关。作为说明性示例,针对低输入信号(比如在调光的传统白炽灯中),第一发光元件可以提供红色/琥珀色并且具有相对低的光强度,而可以优选地关断第二发光元件的光强度。输入信号越强,第一发光元件就可以越多地变成黄色/白色(并且从第一发光元件输出的光就被增加越多),并且在输入信号的某一阈值,第二发光元件接通并且缓慢增加光输出。
根据本发明的更多实施例,光导可以包括光纤,其优势在于光纤可以与碳灯丝相似。备选地,光导可以包括可以用任何所需方式设计的光导板。例如光导可以被设计为任何三维形状。
根据本发明的实施例,光导可以具有用于出耦合光的扩散装置。扩散装置增强向光导中引导的光的出耦合并且因此使光导更清楚地可见。在本发明的实施例中,可以选择出耦合表面的结构(即表面的粗糙度)以调节光的散射。另外,光导可以包括用于出耦合光的(散射或者扩散)颗粒和/或真空/气泡。换而言之,提供光导的光学特性的失真用于散射出一些光。这些失真可以位于光导的表面/边缘上和/或光导的内部。一般而言,造成内部光角度改变的任何光学失真可以造成从光导耦合出光的一部分。可以例如通过局部激光加热来获得3D成形的光导中的失真。
根据本发明的实施例,第一发光元件和第二发光元件中的至少一个发光元件可以包括至少一个发光二极管(LED),其优势在于LED是在若干不同颜色中可用的高效点状光源,由此允许照明设备的各种设计。另外,LED可以是激光LED,其优势在于它提高光到光导的耦合。
根据本发明的实施例,可以在光导中提供一串多个发光二极管。
根据本发明的实施例,照明设备还可以包括封装第一发光元件、第二发光元件和光导的封套,其优势在于将保护发光元件和光导免受损坏和灰尘。此外,照明设备将与传统白炽灯泡相似。
根据本发明的实施例,照明设备还可以包括基座,第一发光元件和第二发光元件被布置于基座处。
可选地,照明设备还可以包括在第二发光元件的顶部上布置的扩散/散射元件(例如以覆盖第二发光元件的板的形式)。这样的扩散/散射元件的优势在于个别发光元件将更少可见并且提供比无扩散/散射元件更均匀的光分布。
本发明的更多目的、特征和优点将在研读下文具体公开内容、附图和所附权利要求时变得清楚。本领域技术人员认识到可以组合本发明的不同特征以产生与在下文中描述的实施例不同的实施例。具体而言,应当理解针对照明设备描述的各种实施例都可与如根据本发明的第二方面限定的方法组合。
附图说明
将参照附图通过本发明的优选实施例的下文说明性的而非限制的具体描述更好地理解本发明的上述以及附加目的、特征和优点,其中:
图1示出根据本发明的实施例的照明设备;
图2示出根据本发明的实施例的光导;
图3示出根据本发明的另一实施例的光导;以及
图4是根据本发明的实施例的制造照明设备的方法的概况。
具体实施方式
参照图1,示出根据本发明的实施例的照明设备。
图1示出包括第一发光元件101和第二发光元件102的照明设备1。第一发光元件101光学耦合到具有出耦合表面111的光导110。可以例如经由在第一发光元件101与光导110之间布置的光学元件(未示出)或者如图1中所示通过将第一发光元件101直接链接到光导110来提供光学耦合。
可选地,照明设备可以具有光学耦合到光导110的附加第一发光元件。例如一个第一发光元件可以耦合到光导110的第一端,并且另一第一发光元件可以耦合到光导110的另一端(与第一端相对)。
另外,照明设备可以具有用于提供功能照明的附加第二发光元件102。
第一发光元件101和/或第二发光元件102可以例如是发光二极管LED(如例如激光LED)。例如,提供暖光的琥珀色LED可以用作第一发光元件101,由此产生与暖辉光灯丝相似的光导(在激活/接通第一发光元件时)。一种备选是在光导的顶部上(即在光导的出耦合表面处)提供例如磷光体(或者任何其它波长转换材料)并且选择提供暖色光的磷光体。根据另一示例,第一发光元件101可以包括红色LED、绿色LED和蓝色LED,由此一起提供可以通过控制红色、绿色和蓝色LED来调制成不同颜色的白光。
另外,(可以更高效的)更冷色(比如白色)的LED可以用作第二发光元件102,由此提供适合于功能照明的光。根据另一示例,第二发光元件102可以包括红色LED、绿色LED和蓝色LED,由此一起提供可以通过控制红色、绿色和蓝色LED来调制成不同颜色的白光。然而将理解,本发明不限于这样的颜色配置,照明设备中的发光元件101、102可以是任何所需颜色。
光导110可以包括由适当材料(比如塑料或者玻璃纤维)制成的光纤(比如光学波导)。使用玻璃纤维材料由于它的光学质量和材料特性(例如对热敏感)而有利。光纤可以是允许简单或者更复杂设计的更短或者更长长度。例如可以螺旋缠绕光纤以便与传统旧式灯丝相似。
可以用不同方式实现(和/或增强)光从光导110的出耦合表面111的的出耦合。由于光导110的弯曲,可以出耦合一些光。另外,光导110可以具有用于耦合出光的扩散装置。一般而言,向光导添加的任何光学失真将提供光的出耦合。可以例如通过使出耦合表面111粗糙(例如通过在表面中的纹理中喷沙、刮擦或者模制)或者通过在出耦合表面111中提供缺口或者小突起来提供扩散装置。另外,可以在光导上或者内部提供颗粒(例如白色涂料)和/或真空/气泡(例如由局部激光加热产生),使得从光导散射出光。
根据本发明的实施例,光导110可以包括第一发光元件101可以光学耦合到的至少一个连接端口112。本实施例的优势在于它允许光导110接收并且出耦合从第一发光元件101发射的光的大部分,由此服务于装饰目的,并且从第二发光元件102发射的光的大部分提供照射而在任何光导中无不必要的大量能量损耗。
然而从第二发光元件102发射的光中的一些(即相对小部分)光可以经由出耦合表面耦合到光导110中,因此经由出耦合表面111再次被耦合出,由此贡献从光导110出来的照射。
参照图2,示出根据本发明的一个实施例的光导的备选设计。图2示出形式为如下光导板210的光导,该光导板210光学耦合到第一发光元件201。经由可以弯曲(并且可选地粗糙)的边缘211耦合出从第一发光元件201发射的光中的一些光,由此产生比如传统灯泡中的灯丝的外观。另外,可以经由在光导板210内部或者在光导板210的表面上提供的扩散装置而耦合出光。
应当理解的是,可以将光导设计成任何所需三维形状,比如球形或者棱镜形状。另外,可以在光导中或者光导上的任何所需位置处提供扩散装置。例如扩散装置可以形成图案(比如与灯丝相似的图案)。
参照图3,示出根据本发明的又一实施例的光导的另一设计。图3示出形式为如下连续光学元件323的光导320,在该光学元件323中布置一串多个LED 321。LED 321可以装配于小型柔性PCB(印刷电路板)322上而连续光学元件323在它的顶部上(或者封装它)。
再次回到图1,将描述本发明的更多实施例。照明设备1还可以包括封套130,封套130封装第一发光元件101、第二发光元件102和光导110。优选地,封套130是透明(或者至少部分透明)的,使得光导110可见用于提供装饰效果。另外,可以形成封套130为与传统白炽灯泡相似的灯泡。照明设备1还可以包括基座140,第一发光元件101和第二发光元件102被布置于基座140处。基座140可以包括卡口基座或者螺旋基座141(例如E14、E26或者E27型),其优势在于可以照明设备可以相配于常规灯配件中并且用作传统白炽灯泡的替换(翻新)。基座140还可以包括用于冷却发光二极管101、102的散热器142。可选地,可以布置发光元件101、102,使得散热器142的上部(或者基座140的上部)隐藏发光元件101、102(如图1中所示)用于减少直视它们的风险。另外,散热器142的上部的内部可以反射,使得可以从照明设备输出从发光元件101、102发射的所有(或者至少几乎所有)光。
照明设备还可以包括在第二发光元件102的顶部上的形式为板的扩散/散射元件(未示出)。例如这样的板可以布置于基座140的顶部上。板可以具有孔,从第一发光元件101发射的光可以经过该孔以耦合到光导110中。
照明设备1还可以包括电子驱动装置150,电子驱动装置150具有用于将市电电压电源转换成适合于驱动发光元件101、102的输出信号的电源。电驱动装置150还可以包括电子电路装置,该电子电路装置被配置为控制第一发光元件101和/或第二发光元件102的光强度,使得第二发光元件102的光强度相对于第一发光元件101的光强度可调。另外,电子电路装置可以被配置为略微调制第一发光元件101的亮度(或者颜色)或者依次接通和关断第一发光元件101,用于提供光导110的火焰和闪烁效果。电子电路装置还可以包含用于将输入信号(比如输入电流或者输入电压)与第一发光元件和第二发光元件的光输出和/或发射颜色相关的转移函数。电驱动装置150可以由遥控单元、由基座140上的按钮或者由任何其它类型的用户接口控制。
在本发明的实施例中,第一发光元件101和/或第二发光元件102可以是可调光的。在本发明的实施例中,照明设备支持传统白炽灯调光器,使得发光元件可以在调光模式中操作。
参照图4,将描述根据本发明的实施例的制造照明设备的方法。图4示出制造照明设备的方法400的概况。该方法包括提供第一发光元件的步骤410、提供具有出耦合表面的光导的步骤420和将第一发光元件光学耦合到光导的步骤430。另外,方法400包括提供专用于从照明设备直接照射的第二发光元件的布置440。
尽管已经描述具体实施例,但是本领域技术人员将理解各种修改和变更在如在所附权利要求中定义的范围内可设想。
例如,可以在照明设备中提供具有关联第一发光元件的附加光导。另外,可以在独立翻新白炽灯泡替换中以及在专用新发光体中应用照明设备。另外,照明设备不限于被设计为常规灯泡。它也可以例如被设计为在灯管的两端具有连接器的管形灯。

Claims (16)

1.一种用于提供装饰照明的照明设备,包括:
基座(140),所述基座(140)包括用于翻新传统白炽灯泡的基座;
连续光学元件(323),一串多个发光二极管(321)被布置在所述连续光学元件(323)中;以及
封套(130),封装所述连续光学元件(323)以使得所述照明设备与传统白炽灯泡相似。
2.如权利要求1所述的照明设备,其中所述连续光学元件(323)形成光导(320);并且所述光导(110)具有出耦合表面(111)以用于经由所述光导的装饰照射。
3.如权利要求2所述的照明设备,其中所述光导包括由诸如塑料或玻璃纤维等的适当材料制成的光纤。
4.如权利要求3所述的照明设备,其中所述光纤被螺旋缠绕。
5.如权利要求2所述的照明设备,其中所述光导设置有用于出耦合光的扩散装置。
6.如权利要求5所述的照明设备,其中散射或者扩散颗粒设置在所述光导上或者所述光导内,使得从所述光导散射出光。
7.如权利要求1所述的照明设备,其中所述多个发光二极管(321)被装配于基板上,而所述连续光学元件(323)在所述基板的顶部上或者封装所述基板。
8.如权利要求7所述的照明设备,其中所述基板是柔性印刷电路板(322)。
9.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的照明设备,其中所述封套(130)是透明的或者至少部分透明的,使得所述光导(110)可见用于提供装饰效果。
10.如权利要求2所述的照明设备,其中第一发光元件(101)直接链接到所述光导(110)。
11.如权利要求10所述的照明设备,其中所述第一发光元件(101)是可调光的;所述照明设备还包括电子驱动电路(150),所述电子驱动电路(150)设置有用于将市电电压电源转换成适合于驱动所述第一发光元件(101)的输出信号的电源;所述电子驱动电路(150)被配置为控制所述第一发光元件(101)的光强度,并且所述电子驱动电路还被配置为调制所述第一发光元件(101)的亮度或者颜色。
12.如权利要求11所述的照明设备,还包括第二发光元件(102),所述第二发光元件设置在所述基座(140)上并且被配置为在所述光导外面发光,其中所述电子驱动电路被配置为控制所述第二发光元件的光强度。
13.如权利要求12所述的照明设备,其中所述电子驱动电路相对于所述第一发光元件的光强度而调节所述第二发光元件的光强度。
14.如权利要求12所述的照明设备,其中所述第二发光元件包括被配置为提供功能照明的冷色白色LED。
15.如权利要求10所述的照明设备,其中所述电子驱动电路依次接通和关断所述第一发光元件,以用于提供所述光导的火焰和闪烁效果。
16.如权利要求10所述的照明设备,其中所述第一发光元件至少包括红色LED、绿色LED和蓝色LED;其中所述照明设备还包括电子驱动电路,所述电子驱动电路设置有用于将市电电压电源转换成适合于驱动所述第一发光元件的输出信号的电源;其中所述红色LED、所述绿色LED和所述蓝色LED中的至少一个能够通过控制所述红色LED、所述绿色LED和所述蓝色LED而被调制成不同的颜色。
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