CN105862074A - Chained SVG device capable of correcting power factor of power grid and increasing utilization rate of transformer - Google Patents

Chained SVG device capable of correcting power factor of power grid and increasing utilization rate of transformer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105862074A
CN105862074A CN201610244168.6A CN201610244168A CN105862074A CN 105862074 A CN105862074 A CN 105862074A CN 201610244168 A CN201610244168 A CN 201610244168A CN 105862074 A CN105862074 A CN 105862074A
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phase
circuit
element circuit
bridge element
electrical bridge
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不公告发明人
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
    • C25C1/12—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions of copper
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/01—Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
    • H02J3/1821—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators
    • H02J3/1835—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control
    • H02J3/1842—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control wherein at least one reactive element is actively controlled by a bridge converter, e.g. active filters
    • H02J3/1857—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control wherein at least one reactive element is actively controlled by a bridge converter, e.g. active filters wherein such bridge converter is a multilevel converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/26—Arrangements for eliminating or reducing asymmetry in polyphase networks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/10—Flexible AC transmission systems [FACTS]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/40—Arrangements for reducing harmonics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/50—Arrangements for eliminating or reducing asymmetry in polyphase networks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a chained SVG device capable of correcting the power factor of a power grid and increasing the utilization rate of a transformer. The chained SVG device comprises an H electric bridge multi-linkage type multi-level inverter, automatic bypass circuits, a sampling circuit and a split-phase current independent control circuit. The H electric bridge multi-linkage type multi-level inverter is composed of three phases of H bridge power modules connected to a three-phase power source, wherein at least one standby H electric bridge unit circuit is additionally arranged in each phase of H bridge power module. The multi-level inverter can automatically bypass the broken H electric bridge unit circuit. The automatic bypass circuits are arranged at the output ends of all the H electric bridge unit circuits, and when a certain H electric bridge unit circuit breaks down, the H electric bridge unit circuit is bypassed. The sampling circuit is suitable for collecting the instantaneous values of the voltage and current of the three-phase power source. The split-phase current independent control circuit is connected with the sampling circuit and is suitable for working out the modulation ratio and phase angle of sine modulation waves required by a pulse width modulation circuit according to the instantaneous values of the voltage and current of the three-phase power source.

Description

Correct grid power factor, the chain type SVG device of raising transformer utilization factor
Technical field
The present invention relates to the chain type SVG device of a kind of utilization rate correcting the power factor (PF) of electrical network, raising transformer.
Background technology
The circuit-board industry development of current China is swift and violent, often contains due in the waste water that board production enterprise is produced The substantial amounts of metallics with recovery value, and heavy metals exceeding standard is serious, particularly also has substantial amounts of copper ion in etching solution, Its discharge can bring harm greatly to environment, so how can extract the copper ion in etching solution, improve the life of cathode copper Produce the technical barrier that efficiency is this area.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide one and is suitable to improve electrolytic efficiency, rectifying of convenient taking-up precipitating metal The just ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer chain type SVG device of the utilization rate of the power factor (PF) of electrical network, raising transformer.
In order to solve the problems referred to above, the invention provides a kind of ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer, including: cell body, set in described cell body Being equipped with amberplex, described cell body is divided into anode chamber and cathode chamber by described amberplex, and the bottom of described cell body is also If one goes out funnel, and described in go out funnel and be connected with described cathode chamber；
Described go out funnel and a drain pipe be connected to discharge electrolysis waste solution；
Described go out funnel bottom set one and be suitable to collect the collecting bin of metal separated out, and the entrance of this collecting bin is with described The bottom going out funnel is connected.
Further, central processing unit, the bottom of described collecting bin is provided with discharge port, and the bottom in collecting bin sets a weight Sensor is with the weight of the metal in detection collecting bin, and this weight sensor is connected with described central processing unit, in described collection The porch in storehouse sets a valve, and this valve and discharge port are by central processing unit control；
Wherein, when described weight sensor detect the metal that described collecting bin is collected when reaching constant weight described central authorities process Device cuts out described valve, and opens the metal that discharge port unloads in collecting bin.
Further, in order to the reactive power operationally produced ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer compensates, improve the band of electrical network Loading capability, the three-phase power input end at described ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer connects a chain type SVG device being suitable to correct power factor (PF).
Described chain type SVG device includes:
The multi-electrical level inverter of H electrical bridge multi-type, it is made up of the three-phase H bridge power model being connected to described three phase mains, its In, every phase H bridge power model is set up at least one standby H electrical bridge element circuit；This multi-electrical level inverter energy auto by pass is sent out The H-bridge unit circuit of raw fault, to ensure that H electrical bridge multi-type multi-electrical level inverter normally works, makes described chain type SVG device Continue up to the purpose correcting power factor (PF),
Auto by pass circuit, is located at the output of each H electrical bridge element circuit, and when a H electrical bridge element circuit is damaged, will This H electrical bridge element circuit bypasses；
Sample circuit, is suitable to gather the instantaneous value of the voltage and current of described three phase mains；
Split-phase electric current independent controling circuit, what it was connected with described sample circuit is suitable to the voltage according to described three phase mains and electricity The instantaneous value of stream calculates the Sine Modulated wave modulation needed for described pulse-width modulation circuit than M and phase angle δ；
Pulse-width modulation circuit, is connected with described split-phase electric current independent controling circuit, for according to described Sine Modulated wave modulation Than M and phase angle δ, the carrier triangular wave phase shift SPWM used between each H electrical bridge element circuit is controlled；That is, when damage After the bypass of H electrical bridge element circuit, this pulse-width modulation circuit is suitable on the sampling period constant basis keeping described sample circuit On, change the load of the described carrier triangular wave phase shift SPWM of a phase H bridge power model at the H electrical bridge element circuit place of this damage Ripple frequency, to obtain the carrier triangular wave phase shift corresponding with remaining H electrical bridge element circuit quantity in this phase H bridge power model The impulse modulation waveform of SPWM.
Further, described split-phase electric current independent controling circuit, including:
Phaselocked loop, according to the instantaneous value of the voltage of described three phase mains to follow the tracks of the voltage-phase of described three phase mains；
Reactive current gives module, is suitable to calculate the cosine amount of this voltage-phase according to the voltage-phase that described phaselocked loop draws And be multiplied with a reactive current reference value, to obtain the reactive current output of reality；
Watt current gives module, is suitable to calculate the sine of this voltage-phase according to the voltage-phase that described phaselocked loop draws Amount, the average voltage of DC bus capacitor and the voltage of a DC bus capacitor according to described each phase H bridge power model are joined simultaneously Examine value subtract each other and be multiplied with described sinusoidal quantity again after PI control, to obtain the watt current output of reality；
Transient current tracing module, is used for that described reactive current first gives module and watt current gives the electric current that module exports Superposition, then deducts the transient current in described three phase mains, and by controller to calculate described pulse-width modulation circuit institute The Sine Modulated wave modulation needed is than M and phase angle δ.
Compared with prior art, the ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer of the present invention has the advantage that (1) utilizes described chain type SVG to fill Put, correct the problem causing the power factor (PF) of electrical network to decline due to the electrolytic process of ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer, improve transformer Utilization rate；(2) in described chain type SVG device, standby H-bridge unit circuit it is provided with, can another H-bridge unit circuit malfunctions Time, the H-bridge unit circuit auto by pass of this fault, and ensure that H electrical bridge multi-type multi-electrical level inverter normally works, i.e. Correct grid power factor；(3) and when this H bridge power model is damaged, it is not necessary to maintenance down, it is ensured that electrical network steady Fixed；(4) modulating wave of the phase H bridge power model that pulse-width modulation circuit regulation is damaged, effectively avoids harmonic wave and produces； (5) compensation problem of split-phase electric current independence control realization three phase mains imbalance output is passed through；(6) by collecting bin to precipitation Metal is collected, and can realize separating out how many how much collection, accomplishes electrolysis and collect two work separately, mutually independently；Work as receipts When metal in collection storehouse reaches constant weight, close valve closing and prevent liquid from flowing out, it is ensured that etching solution proceeds instead in electrolytic cell Should, but carry out discharging work simultaneously, when discharging terminates, close discharge port, control valve is opened and is continued to collect the metal separated out, pole The earth improves production efficiency；(7) when the metal of etching solution be electrolysed complete after, waste liquid from drain pipe discharge, discharge process In will not wash out the metal of collecting bin.
The present invention also to solve the technical problem that being to provide one is suitable to improve electrolytic efficiency, convenient taking-up precipitating metal The method of work of ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer.
In order to solve the problems referred to above, the method for work of the ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer of the present invention, including:
The metal that the cell reaction of the most described ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer separates out slips into out funnel, and enters collecting bin；
2. the described central processing unit when described weight sensor detects that the metal that described collecting bin is collected reaches constant weight Close described valve, and open the metal that discharge port unloads in collecting bin；
3. after discharging, closing described discharge port and valve, described ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer continues cell reaction.
The present invention also to solve the technical problem that being to provide one is suitable to improve electrolytic efficiency, counterion membrane electrolysis cells The method of work of power factor.
In order to solve the problems referred to above, the method for work of the ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer of the present invention, including:
A kind of method of work being suitable to chain type SVG device, including:
A: when a H electrical bridge element circuit damages, this H electrical bridge element circuit of corresponding auto by pass circuits bypass；
B: described pulse-width modulation circuit, on the basis of the sampling period keeping described sample circuit is constant, changes described damage The carrier frequency of the described carrier triangular wave phase shift SPWM of the one phase H bridge power model at H electrical bridge element circuit place, with obtain with The impulse modulation of the carrier triangular wave phase shift SPWM that remaining H electrical bridge element circuit quantity is corresponding in this phase H bridge power model Waveform；
The method of work of described split-phase electric current independent controling circuit comprises the steps:
(1) phaselocked loop instantaneous value according to the voltage of the described three phase mains of input is passed through to follow the tracks of the voltage of described three phase mains Phase place；
(2) voltage-phase drawn according to described phaselocked loop calculate this voltage-phase cosine amount and with a reactive current reference Value is multiplied, to obtain the reactive current output of reality；
(3) voltage-phase drawn according to described phaselocked loop calculates the sinusoidal quantity of this voltage-phase, simultaneously according to described each phase H The average voltage of the DC bus capacitor of bridge power model and the voltage reference value of a DC bus capacitor subtracts each other and through PI control After be multiplied with described sinusoidal quantity again, with obtain reality watt current output；
(4) it is used for that first described reactive current is given module and watt current gives the electric current superposition that module exports, then deduct Transient current in described three phase mains, and by controller to calculate the sinusoidal modulation wave needed for described pulse-width modulation circuit Modulation than M and phase angle δ.
Compared with prior art, the method for work of the ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer of the present invention has the advantage that (1) is by every phase H bridge power model is set up at least one standby H electrical bridge element circuit, when making H bridge power model be damaged, auto by pass event Barrier module, it is not necessary to maintenance down；(2) modulating wave of the phase H bridge power model that pulse-width modulation circuit regulation is damaged, effectively Avoid harmonic wave produce；(3) compensation problem of split-phase electric current independence control realization three phase mains imbalance output is passed through. (4) by collecting bin, precipitating metal is collected, can realize separating out how many how much collection, accomplish electrolysis and collect two work Separately, independent mutually；When the metal in collecting bin reaches constant weight, close valve closing and prevent liquid from flowing out, it is ensured that etching solution exists Proceeding reaction in electrolytic cell, but carry out discharging work simultaneously, when discharging terminates, close discharge port, control valve is opened and is continued The continuous metal collecting precipitation, drastically increases production efficiency；(5) when the metal of etching solution be electrolysed complete after, waste liquid from Drain pipe is discharged, and will not wash out the metal of collecting bin in discharge process.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to make present disclosure be more likely to be clearly understood, below according to specific embodiment and combine accompanying drawing, The present invention is further detailed explanation, wherein
The structural representation of the ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer of Fig. 1 present invention；
The ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer of Fig. 2 present invention connects three phase mains and the structural representation of chain type SVG device；
The circuit structure diagram of the multi-electrical level inverter of the H electrical bridge multi-type of Fig. 3 present invention；
The structured flowchart of the split-phase electric current independent controling circuit of Fig. 4 present invention；
The oscillogram of the carrier triangular wave homophase individual layer stacking SPWM modulation of Fig. 5 present invention；
Pulse before the generation H electrical bridge unit module of Fig. 6 present invention breaks down generates sequential；
Pulse after the first fault H electrical bridge unit module of Fig. 7 present invention is bypassed generates sequential；
Pulse after the second fault H electrical bridge unit module of Fig. 8 present invention is bypassed generates sequential.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment the present invention is described in detail:
Embodiment 1
As it is shown in figure 1, a kind of ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer, including: cell body 1, it is provided with amberplex, described ion in described cell body Described cell body is divided into anode chamber and cathode chamber by exchange membrane, it is characterised in that the bottom of described cell body also sets one and goes out funnel 2, and described in go out funnel 2 and be connected with described cathode chamber；Described go out funnel 2 be connected to discharge electrolysis waste solution with a drain pipe 3； Described go out funnel 2 bottom set one and be suitable to collect the collecting bin 4 of metal separated out, and the entrance of this collecting bin 4 is with described The bottom going out funnel 2 is connected.
Described ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer also includes: central processing unit, and the bottom of described collecting bin 4 is provided with discharge port 4-1, is receiving Bottom in collection storehouse 4 sets the weight sensor weight with the metal in detection collecting bin 4, this weight sensor and described central authorities Processor is connected, and sets a valve 4-2, this valve 4-2 and discharge port in the porch of described collecting bin 4 by central processing unit control；Its In, when described weight sensor detects that the metal that described collecting bin 4 is collected reaches constant weight, described central processing unit closes Close described valve 4-2, and open discharge port 4-1 and unload the metal in collecting bin 4.
Set the drain valve 3-1 of a control electrolysis waste solution discharge at described drain pipe 3, i.e. when cell reaction, closing should Drain valve 3-1.Three-phase power input end at described ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer connects a chain type SVG dress being suitable to correct power factor (PF) Put.
As Figure 2-3, described chain type SVG device includes:
The multi-electrical level inverter of H electrical bridge multi-type, it is made up of the three-phase H bridge power model being connected to described three phase mains, its In, every phase H bridge power model is set up at least one standby H electrical bridge element circuit；
Auto by pass circuit, is located at the output of each H electrical bridge element circuit, and when a H electrical bridge element circuit is damaged, will This H electrical bridge element circuit bypasses；
Sample circuit, is suitable to gather the instantaneous value of the voltage and current of described three phase mains, and this instantaneous value includes voltage and current Amplitude, the cycle；
Split-phase electric current independent controling circuit, what it was connected with described sample circuit is suitable to the voltage according to described three phase mains and electricity The instantaneous value of stream calculates the Sine Modulated wave modulation needed for described pulse-width modulation circuit than M and phase angle δ；
Pulse-width modulation circuit, is connected with described split-phase electric current independent controling circuit, for according to described Sine Modulated wave modulation Than M and phase angle δ, the carrier triangular wave phase shift SPWM used between each H electrical bridge element circuit is controlled；That is, when damage After the bypass of H electrical bridge element circuit, this pulse-width modulation circuit is suitable on the sampling period constant basis keeping described sample circuit On, change the load of the described carrier triangular wave phase shift SPWM of a phase H bridge power model at the H electrical bridge element circuit place of this damage Ripple frequency, to obtain the carrier triangular wave phase shift corresponding with remaining H electrical bridge element circuit quantity in this phase H bridge power model The impulse modulation waveform of SPWM.
See Fig. 4, described split-phase electric current independent controling circuit, including:
Phaselocked loop, according to the instantaneous value of the voltage of described three phase mains to follow the tracks of the voltage-phase of described three phase mains；
Reactive current gives module, is suitable to calculate the cosine amount of this voltage-phase according to the voltage-phase that described phaselocked loop draws And be multiplied with a reactive current reference value, to obtain the reactive current output of reality；
Watt current gives module, is suitable to calculate the sine of this voltage-phase according to the voltage-phase that described phaselocked loop draws Amount, the average voltage of DC bus capacitor and the voltage of a DC bus capacitor according to described each phase H bridge power model are joined simultaneously Examine value subtract each other and be multiplied with described sinusoidal quantity again after PI control, to obtain the watt current output of reality；
Transient current tracing module, is used for that described reactive current first gives module and watt current gives the electric current that module exports Superposition, then deducts the transient current in described three phase mains, and by controller to calculate described pulse-width modulation circuit institute The Sine Modulated wave modulation needed is than M and phase angle δ.
Wherein reference current is desired compensation electric current, and direct voltage reference value is desired compensation voltage.
Described pulse-width modulation circuit relates to SPWM pulse width modulation method, and this SPWM pulse width modulation method is to modulate with a sine wave Ripple, does carrier wave with the triangular wave of F times of sinusoidal modulation wave frequency and carries out waveform comparison and one group of amplitude producing is equal, and width is just Carry out equivalent sine wave than the rectangular pulse train in sinusoidal modulation wave, thus control switching device (i.e. opening in multi-electrical level inverter Close device) break-make.
The present invention uses the mixing that carrier triangular wave phase shift SPWM controls and the stacked SPWM of carrier triangular wave controls to control Algorithm: as a whole, uses carrier triangular wave phase shift SPWM to control between each H electrical bridge element circuit, and single H electrical bridge unit Circuit uses the method that stacked SPWM controls, and this modulator approach, output harmonic wave content is little, and switching frequency is low, and can be very Solve well the problem that inversion efficiency is low.
Carrier triangular wave phase shift SPWM control methods, refers to for N number of H electrical bridge element circuit, uses N number of phase place different, but The carrier triangular wave that frequency is identical with amplitude compares with same sinusoidal modulation wave, produces N group SPWM and controls impulse wave Shape goes to control N number of H bridge respectively, makes each H electrical bridge element circuit all export the SPWM voltage waveform that fundamental voltage is identical, the most again The SPWM voltage waveform that this N number of H electrical bridge element circuit exports is overlapped and synthesizes SPWM voltage with multiple levels waveform.
The Initial phase of N number of carrier triangular wave should remove an angle successively, according to bipolarity carrier triangular wave, this Individual angle is；If unipolarity carrier triangular wave, angle is。
Carrier triangular wave stacked SPWM control methods is the SPWM modulation method of Application comparison a kind of multi-electrical level inverter early. Carrier triangular wave stacked SPWM modulation method can be divided into two kinds, i.e. individual layer stacked SPWM modulation method and multilayer layer stacked SPWM Modulation method, this both of which can reach the technique effect of this patent.
Carrier triangular wave individual layer stacked SPWM modulation method can be divided into again carrier wave according to the phase relation of two triangular carriers Triangular wave anti-phase individual layer stacking SPWM modulation method (opposite in phase of two carrier triangular wave) and carrier triangular wave homophase individual layer layer Folded SPWM modulation method (phase place of two carrier triangular wave is identical).Carrier triangular wave anti-phase individual layer stacking SPWM modulation method and carrier wave Triangular wave homophase individual layer stacking SPWM modulation method this in two modulator approach do not have what quality point, the present invention uses carrier triangular Ripple homophase individual layer stacking SPWM modulation method.
In carrier triangular wave homophase individual layer stacking SPWM modulation method, two carrier triangular waveWithPhase place phase With, its work wave is as shown in Figure 5.WhereinWithFor the carrier triangular wave of the upper and lower layer of transverse axis,For sinusoidal modulation wave. Compare with triangular wave, at sine wave with sine waveOutput SPWM pulse can be produced, at sine more than the part of triangular wave RipplePart less than triangular wave can produce the zero pulse of output voltage.Due toWithIt is homophase, say, thatWithIt is asymmetric with abscissa line, so by the sinusoidal wave comparison with triangular wave, just the half of the output voltage SPWM waveform of generation All and negative semiaxis differs.
Appoint and take a H electrical bridge element circuit and study, from power perspective analysis.IfDefeated for H electrical bridge element circuit Go out voltage,For phase current,For output voltage and the angle of phase current, then the active power that H electrical bridge element circuit absorbs is:, it is seen then that by changing H electrical bridge element circuit output voltage size, phase current size and they it Between angle just can change H bridge absorb active power.Because phase currentSize and Orientation fix, so can only change Become the size and Orientation of H electrical bridge element circuit output voltage, i.e. correspond to the modulation of pulse-width modulation circuit output than M and phase shifting angle。
The control strategy of chain type SVG uses the control structure of layering: top level control mainly determines total meritorious and idle merit Rate, lower floor controls mainly to regulate the reasonable distribution between this mutually each H bridge of gaining merit, it is ensured that DC capacitor voltage balances.This The method of invention top level control uses split-phase electric current independently to control, and calculates desired modulation wave modulation ratio and phase angle, will The error quantization of each bridge DC side voltage is that SIN function is superimposed upon on the modulating wave of this H electrical bridge element circuit, to each H electricity The modulating wave phase place of bridge element circuit is finely adjusted, and regulates the distribution between each H electrical bridge element circuit of gaining merit.
There is not coupled relation in the three-phase dc side of chain type SVG, thus can realize individual-phase control, to three-phase system respectively Compensate, balance system and unbalanced system all can be had reasonable compensation effect.The control strategy proposed in leading portion, its upper strata Controlling to use the full decoupled control of current status, transient response is fast, good stability, but only considered three-phase during controller design Situation during balance, not in view of the unbalanced problem of three-phase system.Power grid quality investigation is shown, line voltage or many Or there is the asymmetric of phase place or amplitude less, say, that in a practical situation, three-phase system is unbalanced mostly.
Auto by pass circuit, uses auto by pass technology, and auto by pass technology is exactly directly fault power module to be exchanged Side bypasses, thus realizes malfunctioning module and separate with device.By arranging a side at the outlet side of each power unit module Road mechanism realizes auto by pass.
The output at each H electrical bridge element circuit can be used to be provided with a relay, utilize and control normally opened and normally off Realize fault H electrical bridge element circuit to separate with this phase H bridge power model；Rectifier bridge and IGCT, each H electrical bridge can also be used The output of element circuit is connected to the rectifier bridge of two pairs of diode compositions, so IGCT is under forward voltage drop all the time.When When monitoring system detects power model internal fault, block IGBT pulse immediately, and trigger turn on thyristors, it is achieved bypass point From；Or employing bidirectional thyristor.
After in a certain phase H bridge power model, faulty H electrical bridge element circuit is bypassed, if pulse-width modulation circuit is defeated The pulse of the sinusoidal modulation signal gone out sends and sends also according to time properly functioning, and the output of this chain type SVG control system The most N number of H electrical bridge element circuit output voltage superposition, harmonic content will increase.Therefore, for remaining N number of non-faulting H electricity Bridge element circuit, modulation strategy need to adjust accordingly.
Because the stacked SPWM of carrier triangular wave simply works inside single H electrical bridge element circuit, therefore fault mould Block separates SPWM stacked on carrier triangular wave modulation not impact, only impacts carrier triangular wave phase shift SPWM.So, Analyze for convenience, only carrier triangular wave phase shift SPWM is analyzed.If during N+1 H electrical bridge element circuit series connection, this chain type The carrier frequency of SVG control system is 1/Tc, the sampling period is Ts, when carrier wave is unipolarity, sampling period Ts = Tc /[2(N+ 1)] .Method of adjustment that fault H electrical bridge element circuit separation latter two conventional is given below.
First method: TcConstant, TsChange
For simplifying the analysis, before selecting fault, if described multi-electrical level inverter number is n+1=6, the most each phase H bridge power model Sampling period Ts=Tc/ 12, at 0/6Ts、Ts/7Ts、2Ts/8Ts、3Ts/9Ts、4Ts/10Ts、5Ts/11TsSample modulation of moment Ripple, and compare generation trigger pulse accordingly, as shown in Figure 6.
If (assuming that first H electrical bridge element circuit is separated) after a certain H electrical bridge element circuit is separated because breaking down, If not being adjusted accordingly modulation strategy, then the pulse remaining N number of non-faulting H electrical bridge element circuit generates sequential such as Fig. 7 (a) institute Show.As can be seen from the figure the sampling interval between H electrical bridge element circuit 0 and H electrical bridge element circuit 2 is 2TsBut, other merits Sampling interval between rate H electrical bridge element circuit is Ts, this does not substantially meet the general principle of phase-shifted SPWM modulation.SVG The harmonic content of the output voltage of device necessarily increases.
If carrier cycle is constant, remain as TcBut, by the sampling period at TcInside readjust.As shown in Fig. 7 (b), due to After fault, the quantity of described multi-electrical level inverter becomes 5, thus the sampling period after modulation is Ts’=Tc/10.So will produce N The complete phase-shifting carrier wave output pulse of=5.
The method is by changing fault phase (a phase H bridge power model at the H electrical bridge element circuit place broken down) Sampling period adjusts the switch modulation strategy of this phase phase-shifted SPWM.For this phase, can play and well regulate work With.
Second method: TcChange, TsConstant
When first H electrical bridge element circuit breaks down and separated, keep sampling period TsConstant, adjust the carrier wave three of this phase Angle period of wave.As shown in Figure 8.
After adjustment, the carrier cycle of fault phase is Tc ', keeps the carrier cycle Tc of other healthy phases constant.After adjustment Pulse sequence such as Fig. 8 (b) shown in: in 0/5Ts, Ts/6Ts, 2Ts/7Ts, 3Ts/8Ts, 4Ts/9Ts moment, tune of once sampling Ripple processed generates the triggering pulse of H bridge power model.So, the phase-shifted SPWM impulse modulation waveform of complete N=5 has been obtained. Owing to the sampling period of fault phase does not change before and after malfunctioning module separates, after fault reconstruction, still ensure that three-phase current is adopted The synchronism of sample.
The method of work of described split-phase electric current independent controling circuit.See Fig. 4, in figure、、, adopt for Acquisition Circuit Collection is to three-phase voltage instantaneous value；、、Voltage-phase for the three phase mains that PLL traces into；、、, be Each phase reactive current reference value；、、Average voltage for the DC bus capacitor of each phase H bridge power model； The voltage reference value of DC bus capacitor；、、Three-phase current instantaneous value is collected for Acquisition Circuit；By corresponding PI Controller can calculate the reference signal of SVG output voltage, calculates corresponding each phase according further to Instantaneous Power Theory Reactive current reference value and the voltage reference value of DC bus capacitor.Above-mentioned acquisition each phase reactive current reference value and DC bus capacitor The concrete grammar of voltage reference value refer to document: Yang Jun, Wang Zhaoan, Qiu Guanyuan. Harmonic in Single-phase Circuit and the one of reactive current Kind detection method [J], electrotechnics journal, 1996 (3), 11 (3): 42-46；Jiang Bin, Yan Gangfeng, Zhao Guangzhou. single-phase circuit Instantaneous Harmonic and real time sampling idle new method [J]. Automation of Electric Systems, 2000 (11): 36-39.
Embodiment 2
See Fig. 1, on the basis of embodiment 1, the method for work of described ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer, including:
The metal of the cell reaction precipitation 1. stating ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer slips into out funnel 2, and enters collecting bin 4；
The most described weight sensor detects that the metal that described collecting bin 4 is collected reaches described central processing unit during constant weight and closes Close described valve 4-2, and open discharge port 4-1 and unload the metal in collecting bin 4；
3. after material, closing described discharge port 4-1 and valve 4-2, described ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer continues cell reaction.
Embodiment 3
On the basis of embodiment 1, the method for work of described ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer, including:
The method of work of described chain type SVG device comprises the steps:
A: when a H electrical bridge element circuit damages, this H electrical bridge element circuit of corresponding auto by pass circuits bypass；
B: described pulse-width modulation circuit, on the basis of the sampling period keeping described sample circuit is constant, changes described damage The carrier frequency of the described carrier triangular wave phase shift SPWM of the one phase H bridge power model at H electrical bridge element circuit place, with obtain with The impulse modulation of the carrier triangular wave phase shift SPWM that remaining H electrical bridge element circuit quantity is corresponding in this phase H bridge power model Waveform；
The method of work of described split-phase electric current independent controling circuit comprises the steps:
(1) phaselocked loop instantaneous value according to the voltage of the described three phase mains of input is passed through to follow the tracks of the voltage of described three phase mains Phase place；
(2) voltage-phase drawn according to described phaselocked loop calculate this voltage-phase cosine amount and with a reactive current reference Value is multiplied, to obtain the reactive current output of reality；
(3) voltage-phase drawn according to described phaselocked loop calculates the sinusoidal quantity of this voltage-phase, simultaneously according to described each phase H The average voltage of the DC bus capacitor of bridge power model and the voltage reference value of a DC bus capacitor subtracts each other and through PI control After be multiplied with described sinusoidal quantity again, with obtain reality watt current output；
(4) it is used for that first described reactive current is given module and watt current gives the electric current superposition that module exports, then deduct Transient current in described three phase mains, and by controller to calculate the sinusoidal modulation wave needed for described pulse-width modulation circuit Modulation than M and phase angle δ.

Claims (1)

1. an ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer chain type SVG device, ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer includes: cell body, be provided with in described cell body from Proton exchange, described cell body is divided into anode chamber and cathode chamber by described amberplex, it is characterised in that the end of described cell body Portion also sets one and goes out funnel, and described in go out funnel and be connected with described cathode chamber；
Described go out funnel and a drain pipe be connected to discharge electrolysis waste solution；
Described go out funnel bottom set one and be suitable to collect the collecting bin of metal separated out, and the entrance of this collecting bin is with described The bottom going out funnel is connected；
Three-phase power input end at described ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer connects a chain type SVG device being suitable to correct power factor (PF)；Chain Formula SVG device includes:
The multi-electrical level inverter of H electrical bridge multi-type, it is made up of the three-phase H bridge power model being connected to described three phase mains, its In, every phase H bridge power model is set up at least one standby H electrical bridge element circuit；
Auto by pass circuit, is located at the output of each H electrical bridge element circuit, and when a H electrical bridge element circuit is damaged, will This H electrical bridge element circuit bypasses；
Sample circuit, is suitable to gather the instantaneous value of the voltage and current of described three phase mains；
Split-phase electric current independent controling circuit, what it was connected with described sample circuit is suitable to the voltage according to described three phase mains and electricity The instantaneous value of stream calculates the Sine Modulated wave modulation needed for described pulse-width modulation circuit than M and phase angle δ；
Pulse-width modulation circuit, is connected with described split-phase electric current independent controling circuit, for according to described Sine Modulated wave modulation Than M and phase angle δ, the carrier triangular wave phase shift SPWM used between each H electrical bridge element circuit is controlled；That is, when damage After the bypass of H electrical bridge element circuit, this pulse-width modulation circuit is suitable on the sampling period constant basis keeping described sample circuit On, change the load of the described carrier triangular wave phase shift SPWM of a phase H bridge power model at the H electrical bridge element circuit place of this damage Ripple frequency, to obtain the carrier triangular wave phase shift corresponding with remaining H electrical bridge element circuit quantity in this phase H bridge power model The impulse modulation waveform of SPWM.
CN201610244168.6A 2012-12-13 2012-12-13 Chained SVG device capable of correcting power factor of power grid and increasing utilization rate of transformer Withdrawn CN105862074A (en)

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CN201610244456.1A Withdrawn CN105862083A (en) 2012-12-13 2012-12-13 Operating method of chained SVG device capable of increasing utilization rate of transformer
CN201210540714.2A Expired - Fee Related CN103103558B (en) 2012-12-13 2012-12-13 A kind of ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer
CN201610243955.9A Withdrawn CN105862073A (en) 2012-12-13 2012-12-13 Operating method of chained SVG device capable of increasing utilization rate of transformer
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CN201610244456.1A Withdrawn CN105862083A (en) 2012-12-13 2012-12-13 Operating method of chained SVG device capable of increasing utilization rate of transformer
CN201210540714.2A Expired - Fee Related CN103103558B (en) 2012-12-13 2012-12-13 A kind of ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer
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