CN105861974A - Composite coating with impact erosion and cavitation erosion abrasion resistances - Google Patents
Composite coating with impact erosion and cavitation erosion abrasion resistances Download PDFInfo
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- CN105861974A CN105861974A CN201610209670.3A CN201610209670A CN105861974A CN 105861974 A CN105861974 A CN 105861974A CN 201610209670 A CN201610209670 A CN 201610209670A CN 105861974 A CN105861974 A CN 105861974A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K10/00—Welding or cutting by means of a plasma
- B23K10/02—Plasma welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K10/00—Welding or cutting by means of a plasma
- B23K10/02—Plasma welding
- B23K10/027—Welding for purposes other than joining, e.g. build-up welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
- F03B11/04—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator for diminishing cavitation or vibration, e.g. balancing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of abrasion erosion resistance in the hydropower industry and in particular relates to a composite coating with impact erosion and cavitation erosion abrasion resistances. The composite coating comprises three layers which are an adhesive layer, a functional layer and a closing layer sequentially from the surface of a matrix outward, wherein the adhesive layer is prepared by carrying out high velocity flame spraying or microbeam plasma surfacing on alloy materials; and the functional layer is prepared by carrying out gas shielded surfacing, plasma spray welding or microbeam plasma surfacing on the alloy materials. The composite coating is in metallurgical bonding with the matrix, the bonding strength is high, the surfacing dilution rate is low, the coating is dense and uniform and is strong in cavitation erosion and impact erosion abrasion resistances, and thus the problem that the service life of a machine part under the condition of abrasion erosion working condition is short is solved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to hydropower industry erosion resistant technical field, be specifically related to a kind of Anti-erosion and cavitation wear composite coating.
Background technology
The hydraulic turbine is the nucleus equipment of hydroelectric station operation, and its runnability quality is directly connected to power station or even power system benefit
Stability, owing to water turbine overflowing component works the most under water, subjects cavitation corrosion, sand erosion, corrosion etc. and destroys, many persons
Synergy can cause water turbine units parts such as runner, runner envelope, blade, wearing ring, base ring etc. after running a period of time
There will be fish-scale pit, pin hole, pit, pitted skin, ripple, the defect such as cellular, cause the strength of materials drastically to decline, Jin Erzao
Become system unstability, hydraulic turbine operation efficiency to reduce, add unplanned outage number of times and equipment operation cost.
The current water turbine set of China is commonly used anti-cavitation material and is mainly stainless steel and some metal alloys, and conventional stainless steel material has
ZG30, ZG20SiMn, ZG0Cr13Ni4～6Mo, 18-8 and 1Cr18Ni9Ti, especially 0Cr13Ni6Mo martensite
Stainless steel is generally acknowledged in the industry to solve the preferable material of cavitation erosion problem especially, but this material erosion-wear-resisting poor-performing, except right
Beyond hydraulic turbine material is upgraded, the most also in terms of hydraulic turbine anti scuffing coating, carry out substantial amounts of work, commonly used at present
Preparation technology of coating have: surface overlaying stainless steel material, built-up welding or electroslag smelting casting Wear-Resistant Compound Steel Plate, smear epoxy carborundum,
Super-elasticity software wear-resistant coating, conventional thermal spraying method and oxy-acetylene or plasma spraying alloy powder, but said method is all deposited
In various shortcomings:
(1), built-up welding stainless steel material, built-up welding stainless steel alloy material is current hydraulic turbine repair common method, exist layer with
Substrate combinating strength high feature, but this processing method dilution ratio is big, layer is in uneven thickness, allowance is big, to workpiece material
Solderability requires height.
(2), built-up welding or electroslag smelting casting Wear-Resistant Compound Steel Plate, Wear-Resistant Compound Steel Plate uses built-up welding or electroslag casting process at ordinary steel
One layer of wearing layer of cladding on plate or stainless steel, wearing course and matrix are entirely metallurgical binding, there is not the problem of coming off.This wear-resisting
Plate has the obdurability of matrix and the anti-wear performance of cladding layer concurrently, and its wearability is higher more than 20 times, than stainless steel, Gao Meng than mild steel
Steel is high more than 5 times, and shock resistance is high simultaneously, but steel plate is difficult to into abnormal shape, and expensive, installation period length and being stranded
Difficult.
(3), smearing epoxy carborundum, the method is coated with by epoxy resin is made into clay with high rigidity diamond dust with certain proportion
Overlay on flow passage part surface to form anti scuffing coating, but this anchoring strength of coating is low and resistance to Cavitation is poor, portion strong for cavitation corrosion
Position easily causes large area and comes off, can be to the damage of glue-line around is very big and coating is easily burnt during the position repair welding of blade cavitation corrosion.
(4), super-elasticity software wear-resistant coating, conventional soft material has polyurethane, epoxy resin, a composite nylon etc., and using should
Legal system obtains coating and has higher abrasion resistance, but this coating equally exists adhesion difference problem.
(5), conventional thermal spraying method, plasma spray technology is that high hardness alloy powder or tungsten-carbide powder spray gun are melted spraying
Forming a protective coating thick less than 0.5mm at flow passage part, this technology has obtained extensively application the most, but must be right after spraying
Sprayed coating surface is processed by shot blasting, to ensure the flow behavior of fluid after spraying, but coating poor toughness is also insufficiently resistant to cavitation corrosion
Impact, be prone to occur cavitation corrosion zone-coating the most easily come off.
(6), spraying smelting alloy powder end, spray melting technology has that equipment is simple, small investment, efficiency high, coating binding force is high and is coated with
The layer tissue advantage such as uniformly, but major defect be thermal deformation and quality wayward.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of Anti-erosion and cavitation wear composite coating, and this composite coating has hole
Gap rate is low, material structure uniformly and the feature such as substrate combinating strength is high, anti-wear performance is good, good toughness and length in service life, from
And overcome single coating anti-cavitation, erosive wear scarce capacity problem.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: the composite coating that the present invention provides includes three layers, is outwards followed successively by from matrix surface
Tack coat, functional layer and confining bed.
Wherein, in above-mentioned Anti-erosion and cavitation wear composite coating, described tack coat uses HVOF or microplasma
Build-up welding alloy material prepares.
Wherein, in above-mentioned Anti-erosion and cavitation wear composite coating, the thickness of described tack coat is: when using HVOF
During preparation, its thickness is 50～100 μm；When using microplasma built-up welding to prepare, its thickness is 0.5～1.5mm.
Wherein, in above-mentioned Anti-erosion and cavitation wear composite coating, described alloy material is Fe base, Ni base, Co base or WC
Alloy powder or silk material.
Wherein, in above-mentioned Anti-erosion and cavitation wear composite coating, described functional layer uses the spray of Gas Shielded welding, plasma
Weldering or microplasma build-up welding alloy material prepare.
Wherein, in above-mentioned Anti-erosion and cavitation wear composite coating, the thickness of described functional layer is 3～6mm, uses multilayer many
The welding manner in road.
Wherein, in above-mentioned Anti-erosion and cavitation wear composite coating, described alloy material be WC or CrC enhancement mode Fe base,
Ni base, Co base, NiCr or CoCr alloy powder or silk material.
Wherein, in above-mentioned Anti-erosion and cavitation wear composite coating, described confining bed uses airless spraying or brushing mode to be prepared into
Arrive；The thickness of described confining bed is 0.05～0.15mm.
Wherein, in above-mentioned Anti-erosion and cavitation wear composite coating, described confining bed is soft coating, and its composition is mainly poly-ammonia
At least one in ester, rubber and epoxy resin.
Wherein, in above-mentioned Anti-erosion and cavitation wear composite coating, described matrix is metal material workpiece.
Further, described composite coating in the combination of matrix surface is: after being pre-processed by matrix surface, uses fire at a high speed
Flame spraying or microplasma body build-up welding alloy material technique prepare tack coat, then use on tack coat Gas Shielded welding, etc.
Gas ions surfacing or microplasma build-up welding alloy material technique prepare functional layer, finally use airless spraying or the mode of brushing in merit
Confining bed is prepared on ergosphere.
Wherein, following sprayed coating refers to tack coat, and overlay cladding refers to functional layer.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1), novelty of the present invention is used composite coating system to solve under high concentration of sediment and high water head water turbine overflowing component abrasion to ask
Topic, uses microplasma technique for overlaying to make overlay cladding and matrix be metallurgical binding in invention, bond strength is high, and built-up welding dilutes
Rate is low, coating dense uniform；And plasma arc temperature is high, energy is concentrated, good stability so that surface of the work thermal deformation is little,
Weld overlay cracking is less；Use Gas Shielded welding to have the features such as production efficiency is high, welding cost is low and easy to operate simultaneously.
(2), composite coating hardness HRC of the present invention between 65～70, mean value about 67, the ＜ of built-up welding dilution rate simultaneously
6%, postwelding matrix thermal deformation is little, through sprayed coating bond strength tension test surface, sprayed coating bond strength ＞ 75MPa.Will
Muddy water cavitation test under the conditions of made sample is carried out together with 1Cr13Ni6Mo stainless steel in present example, result shows that this is multiple
The anti-cavitation and the wear resistance that close coating are stainless 3～5 times of 1Cr13Ni6Mo.
(3), the present invention is directed to water turbine overflowing component appearance and size and spatial design requirement, consider simultaneously and affect impact grinding
Erosion and every factor that cavitates, flexibly collocation spraying or built-up welding coating system and process conditions, be finally reached anchoring strength of coating high,
Spraying or built-up welding efficiency are high, the purpose that coating uniform densification, surface flawless or crackle are few.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention provides a kind of Anti-erosion and cavitation wear composite coating, this composite coating includes three layers, outside from matrix surface
It is followed successively by tack coat, functional layer and confining bed.
Further, above-mentioned Anti-erosion and cavitation wear composite coating are prepared by following steps:
(1), matrix surface pretreatment；
(2), HVOF or microplasma body build-up welding alloy material is used to prepare tack coat；
(3), Gas Shielded welding, plasma surfacing or microplasma build-up welding alloy material is used to prepare functional layer；
(4), airless spraying or brushing mode is used to prepare confining bed.
Wherein, in above-mentioned steps (1), described matrix surface preprocessing process is: be carried out matrix surface, degreasing and table
Face roughening treatment, to be sprayed is gone to degrease with acetone cleaning, then carries out roughening treatment with diamond dust.Its objective is protection gold
Belong to matrix and avoid corrosion, and improve the cohesive to matrix of the coating subsequently, make coating be well combined with matrix.
Wherein, in above-mentioned steps (2), described HVOF preferred HVAF mode.
Wherein, in above-mentioned steps (2), described microplasma built-up welding preferred microplasma powder weld deposition mode.
Concrete, described composite coating can prepare according to following steps:
(1), matrix surface pretreatment
Be carried out matrix surface, degreasing and surface coarsening process, and to be sprayed is cleaned with acetone and to go to degrease, then with gold
Emery carries out roughening treatment.
(2), HVAF prepares tack coat
Using HVAF method to prepare tack coat, use alloy powder as sprayed on material, spraying alloy powder pine fills close
Degree is 3.3～4.0g/cm3, fusing point is 900～1200 DEG C, and powder size is 60～200 mesh, by powder at 120 DEG C of baking ovens before spraying
In carry out dry 1h, during spraying, pneumatically operated pressure is 0.5～0.8MPa, and flow is 5～10m3/ min, uses propane to make
For combustion gas, propane pressure is 0.3～0.6MPa, and flow is 200～230L/min, and spray distance 150～200mm, spray gun moves
Speed 0.5～1m/s, powder feeding rate is 150～200g/min, and coating layer thickness is 50～100um.
(3), Gas Shielded welding functional layer
Employing DC reverse connection carbon dioxide gas arc welding at tie layer surface hardfacing alloy welding wire, selection gage of wire is
1.2～1.6mm, use automatic welder(welding machine) to weld, welding current 200～230A, voltage 20～30V, electrode extension
10～20mm, gas flow 15～25L/min, 30 °～90 ° of welding gun inclination angle, weld the amplitude of oscillation 15～20mm, use multilayer multiple tracks side
Formula carries out built-up welding, treats weldment weld preheating temperature 100 DEG C, and weld interpass temperature controls between 100 DEG C～160 DEG C, built-up welding thickness
Degree is 3～6mm.Use between welding bead and vibrate the mode answered that disappears, answer the Reheat embrittlement that welding point occurs to avoid post weld heat treatment to disappear
Phenomenon, simultaneously postheating.
(4), spray or brush confining bed；At functional layer surface spraying or brushing polyurethane, rubber or epoxy coating, it is coated with
Layer solidifies at normal temperatures, and coating layer thickness is 0.05～0.15mm.
Above-mentioned composite coating is outwards followed successively by tack coat, functional layer and confining bed from matrix surface: tack coat uses supersonic flame
Spraying coating process prepares, and this coating is high with substrate combinating strength, and porosity is low, coating dense uniform, can improve the anti-of matrix
Cavitation erosion ability, can reduce the built-up welding dilution rate of functional layer simultaneously, improves the adhesion being coated with interlayer；Functional layer uses gas shield heap
Welding prepares, and mainly improves anti-cavitation and erosive wear ability；Confining bed can reduce functional layer porosity, improves further
Anti-cavitation ability.
Concrete, described composite coating can also prepare according to following steps:
(1), matrix surface pretreatment
Be carried out matrix surface, degreasing and surface coarsening process, and to be sprayed is cleaned with acetone and to go to degrease, then with gold
Emery carries out roughening treatment.
(2), microplasma powder weld deposition tack coat
Using microplasma powder weld deposition tack coat, use alloy powder as resurfacing welding material, described hardfacing alloy powder pine fills
Density is 3.0～4.7g/cm3, fusing point is 1030～1250 DEG C, and powder size is-60～150 mesh, first by alloy powder before experiment
Being dried 2h in 100 DEG C of drying boxes, use microplasma pile of grounds welding machine to carry out built-up welding, welding condition is: welding electricity
Stream 60～100A, weldingvoltage 15～20V, ion-gas flow 0.5～1L/min, powder feeding gas flow 1～5L/min, protect air-flow
Amount 5～10L/min, powder sending quantity 20～30g/min, a built-up welding thickness 1.1～1.5mm, an overlay width 3～6mm, work
Distance 5～10mm, powder weld deposition efficiency is 90～95%.Described ion-gas, powder feeding gas, protection gas are the work of 99.99%
Industry argon gas.
(3), Gas Shielded welding functional layer
Employing DC reverse connection carbon dioxide gas arc welding at tie layer surface hardfacing alloy welding wire, selection gage of wire is
1.2～1.6mm, use automatic welder(welding machine) to weld, welding current 200～230A, voltage 20～30V, electrode extension
10～20mm, gas flow 15～25L/min, 30 °～90 ° of welding gun inclination angle, weld the amplitude of oscillation 15～20mm, use multilayer multiple tracks side
Formula carries out built-up welding, treats weldment weld preheating temperature 100 DEG C, and weld interpass temperature controls between 100 DEG C～160 DEG C, built-up welding thickness
Degree is 3～6mm.Use between welding bead and vibrate the mode answered that disappears, answer the Reheat embrittlement that welding point occurs to avoid post weld heat treatment to disappear
Phenomenon, simultaneously postheating.
(4) confining bed, is sprayed or brushes: at functional layer surface spraying or brushing polyurethane, rubber or epoxy coating, be coated with
Layer solidifies at normal temperatures, within coating layer thickness controls to be 0.05～0.15mm.
Above-mentioned composite coating is outwards followed successively by tack coat, functional layer and confining bed from matrix surface: tack coat uses microplasma
Powder weld deposition prepares, and tack coat and matrix are metallurgical binding, and bond strength is high, and porosity is low, coating dense uniform, can
Improve the anti-cavitation ability of matrix, the built-up welding dilution rate of functional layer can be reduced simultaneously；Functional layer uses Gas Shielded welding to prepare,
Anti-cavitation and erosion ability are mainly provided；Confining bed can reduce functional layer porosity, improves anti-cavitation ability further.
Wherein, in above two preparation method step (2), described alloy powder is that Fe base, Ni base, Co base or WC close
Bronze body, is alloy powder commonly used in the art, Ni base alloy powder such as Ni50, Ni55, Ni60A, Ni67 or
Ni60+25～50%WC, Fe base alloy powder such as Fe30, Fe56 or Fe62, Co base alloy powder such as Co45, Co50 or
Co55。
Wherein, in above two preparation method step (3), described alloy welding wire is WC or CrC enhancement mode Fe base, Ni
Base, Co base, NiCr or CoCr composite alloy welding wire, be alloy welding wire commonly used in the art.
Wherein, in above-mentioned anti-cavitation and erosive wear composite coating, described matrix is metal material, such as ferrous materials, has coloured gold
Genus, special metal material, preferably ferrous materials.
Concrete, the tack coat alloy powder close with basic material or silk material, so both heat can be selected swollen according to basic material
Swollen coefficient is close, and tack coat can buffer the thermal stress of matrix and functional layer, prevents coating from crackle occur, and can with functional layer and
The good metallurgical binding of matrix, enhances the bond strength of functional layer and matrix.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, it will be appreciated that, protection scope of the present invention should not limited
In following example.
Embodiment 1
Matrix material Q235, matrix material size 200mm (length) × 100mm (wide) × 20mm (thick) is selected to test.
(1), matrix surface pretreatment
Be carried out matrix surface, degreasing and surface coarsening process, and to be sprayed is cleaned with acetone and to go to degrease, then with gold
Emery carries out roughening treatment.
(2), HVAF prepares tack coat
Using HVAF method to prepare tack coat, using sprayed on material is Ni67 self-fluxing alloyed powder, sprays alloyed powder
End apparent density is 3.3～4.0g/cm3, fusing point is 980～1080 DEG C, and powder size is 120～150 mesh, and described powdered studies
It is divided into C 0.7～1.1%, B 3.0～4.0%, Si 3.5～5.0%, Cr 16.0～20.0%, Fe≤5%, Mo 10.0～17.0%, Ni
Surplus, carries out powder in 120 DEG C of baking ovens before spraying drying 1h, and during spraying, pneumatically operated pressure is 0.6MPa, flow
For 7.3m3/ min, uses propane as combustion gas, and propane pressure is 0.45MPa, and flow is 230L/min, spray distance 200mm,
Spray gun translational speed 0.7m/s, powder feeding rate is 200g/min, and coating layer thickness is 50um, and test porosity is 0.7%, spraying
Rear surface fineness 4um.
(3), Gas Shielded welding functional layer
Use DC reverse connection carbon dioxide gas arc welding at tie layer surface built-up welding WC enhancement mode iron alloy coating, drug of choice
Core gage of wire is 1.6mm, uses automatic welder(welding machine) to weld, welding current 230A, voltage 28V, electrode extension
15mm, gas flow 20L/min, 60 ° of welding gun inclination angle, weld the amplitude of oscillation 15～20mm, use multilayer multipass approach to carry out built-up welding,
Treating weldment weld preheating temperature 100 DEG C, weld interpass temperature controls between 100 DEG C～160 DEG C, and overlay cladding thickness is 3～6mm.
Use between welding bead and vibrate the mode answered that disappears, the Reheat embrittlement phenomenon answering to avoid post weld heat treatment to disappear welding point to occur, weld simultaneously
Rear slow cooling.Deposition alloy composition WC 15～18%, Mn 1.8～2.0, Cr 12.0, Mo 0.5～1.5, Ni ＜ 4.0, Si ＜
1.5, surplus is Fe, postwelding hardness HRC 66.5.
(4), confining bed is brushed；Brush polyurethane coating on functional layer surface, coating solidifies at normal temperatures, brushes coating layer thickness
It is 0.05～0.15mm.
Embodiment 2
Matrix material Q235, matrix material size 200mm (length) × 100mm (wide) × 20mm (thick) is selected to test.
(1), matrix surface pretreatment
Be carried out matrix surface, degreasing and surface coarsening process, and to be sprayed is cleaned with acetone and to go to degrease, then with gold
Emery carries out roughening treatment.
(2), micro arc plasma powder weld deposition tack coat
Using micro arc plasma powder weld deposition tack coat, using resurfacing welding material is Ni60A self-fluxing alloyed powder, described heap seam
Gold apparent density of powder is 4.7g/cm3, fusing point is 1030～1060 DEG C, and powder size is 60～80 mesh, mobility 16s/50g,
Powder chemistry composition is C 0.7～1.1%, B 3.0～4.0%, Si 3.5～5.0%, Cr 15.0～17.0%, Fe≤5%, Ni surplus；
First nickel base powder is dried in 100 DEG C of drying boxes before experiment 2h, uses microplasma pile of grounds welding machine to carry out built-up welding, weldering
Connecing technological parameter is: welding current 90A, weldingvoltage 15V, ion-gas flow 0.8L/min, powder feeding gas flow 3L/min,
Protection throughput 5L/min, powder sending quantity 25g/min, a built-up welding thickness 1.1～1.2mm, an overlay width 5mm, work
Distance 5mm, powder weld deposition efficiency is 95%.Described ion-gas, powder feeding gas, protection gas are the technical argon of 99.99%,
Testing coating dilution rate is 4.3%,.
(3), Gas Shielded welding functional layer
Use DC reverse connection carbon dioxide gas arc welding at tie layer surface built-up welding WC enhancement mode iron alloy coating, drug of choice
Core gage of wire is 1.6mm, uses automatic welder(welding machine) to weld, welding current 230A, voltage 28V, electrode extension
15mm, gas flow 20L/min, 60 ° of welding gun inclination angle, weld the amplitude of oscillation 15～20mm, use multilayer multipass approach to carry out built-up welding,
Treating weldment weld preheating temperature 100 DEG C, weld interpass temperature controls between 100 DEG C～160 DEG C, and overlay cladding thickness is 3～6mm.
Use between welding bead and vibrate the mode answered that disappears, the Reheat embrittlement phenomenon answering to avoid post weld heat treatment to disappear welding point to occur, weld simultaneously
Rear slow cooling.Deposition alloy composition WC 15～18%, Mn 1.8～2.0, Cr 12.0, Mo 0.5～1.5, Ni ＜ 4.0, Si ＜
1.5, surplus is Fe, postwelding hardness HRC 68.3.
(4), spraying confining bed；At functional layer surface spraying polyurethane coating, coating solidifies at normal temperatures, brushes coating layer thickness
Within control is 0.05～0.15mm.
With implementing 2 gained product samples, embodiment 1 is carried out performance test, and test result is shown in Table 1, to sprayed coating hot strength
In test, measure sprayed coating bond strength ＞ 75MPa, owing to breaking on glue, it is determined that reality bond strength accurately is greater than
Measured value, overlay cladding is metallurgical binding.
Table 1. coating performance test result
The present invention uses composite coating structure to improve hydraulic turbine flow passage part anti-cavitation and erosive wear ability, outwards divides from matrix surface
Not arranging tack coat, functional layer and confining bed, total coating thickness controls 3～7mm, utilizes tack coat to improve coating and matrix
Bond strength, be coated with inter-layer bonding force and matrix anti-cavitation ability, tack coat existence simultaneously can reduce built-up welding dilution rate, reduces base
Surface thermal deformation, functional layer major function is to improve Anti-erosion and cavitation erosion ability, then carries out protection reduction built-up welding by confining bed
Layer porosity and raising anti-cavitation ability.Composite coating hardness HRC of the present invention between 65～70, mean value about 67,
The ＜ of built-up welding dilution rate simultaneously 6%, postwelding matrix thermal deformation is little, and through sprayed coating bond strength tension test surface, sprayed coating combines
Intensity ＞ 75MPa.Sample made in present example and 1Cr13Ni6Mo stainless steel are carried out with under the conditions of muddy water cavitation erosion examination
Testing, result shows that the anti-cavitation of this composite coating and wear resistance are stainless 3～5 times of 1Cr13Ni6Mo.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for clearly demonstrating the application example, and not restriction to embodiment,
For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make on the basis of the above description other multi-form change or
Variation, here without also giving exhaustive to all of embodiment.And the obvious change thus amplified out or change
Move among still in the protection domain of the application.
Claims (10)
1. an Anti-erosion and cavitation wear composite coating, it is characterised in that described composite coating includes three layers, from matrix surface
Outwards it is followed successively by tack coat, functional layer and confining bed.
Anti-erosion the most according to claim 1 and cavitation wear composite coating, it is characterised in that described tack coat uses height
Speed flame-spraying or microplasma build-up welding alloy material prepare.
Anti-erosion the most according to claim 2 and cavitation wear composite coating, it is characterised in that the thickness of described tack coat
For: when using HVOF to prepare, its thickness is 50～100 μm；When using microplasma built-up welding to prepare, its
Thickness is 0.5～1.5mm.
4. according to the Anti-erosion described in Claims 2 or 3 and cavitation wear composite coating, it is characterised in that described alloy material
For Fe base, Ni base, Co base or WC alloy powder or silk material.
5. according to the Anti-erosion described in any one of Claims 1 to 4 and cavitation wear composite coating, it is characterised in that described merit
Ergosphere uses Gas Shielded welding, plasma surfacing or microplasma build-up welding alloy material to prepare.
Anti-erosion the most according to claim 5 and cavitation wear composite coating, it is characterised in that the thickness of described functional layer
It is 3～6mm, uses the welding manner of multilayer multiple tracks.
7. according to the Anti-erosion described in claim 5 or 6 and cavitation wear composite coating, it is characterised in that described alloy material
For WC or CrC enhancement mode Fe base, Ni base, Co base, NiCr or CoCr alloy powder or silk material.
8. according to the Anti-erosion described in any one of claim 1～7 and cavitation wear composite coating, it is characterised in that described envelope
Closing layer uses airless spraying or brushing mode to prepare；The thickness of described confining bed is 0.05～0.15mm.
Anti-erosion the most according to claim 8 and cavitation wear composite coating, it is characterised in that described confining bed is soft
Coating, it is mainly composed of at least one in polyurethane, rubber and epoxy resin.
10. according to the Anti-erosion described in any one of claim 1～9 and cavitation wear composite coating, it is characterised in that described base
Body is metal material.
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| CN106497334A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-03-15 | 无锡明盛纺织机械有限公司 | A kind of turbine blade modified epoxy multicoat anticorrosion abrasionproof etching method |
| CN106676458A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-05-17 | 四川中物红宇科技有限公司 | Coating of hydraulic energy machine blade and hydraulic energy machine blade |
| CN106837656A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-06-13 | 成都天府新区河川科技有限公司 | The rotary wheel of water turbine and blade of wear-resisting anti-cavitation |
| CN107630216A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-01-26 | 安徽博古特机电科技有限公司 | A kind of spraying coating process of the protective coating of compressor impeller |
| CN108034942A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-05-15 | 马鞍山市鑫龙特钢有限公司 | It is a kind of to improve hard alloy coating and the processing method of high tenacity carbon steel bond strength |
| CN109898046A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2019-06-18 | 上海宝钢工业技术服务有限公司 | Preventing corrosion from molten metals, abrasion axle sleeve protective coating preparation method |
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| CN114807820A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-07-29 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | Early warning protective coating with cavitation light-emitting function and preparation method thereof |
| CN115976448A (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-04-18 | 西安航汽叶片测量设备有限公司 | Method for prolonging wear period of boiler induced draft fan blade |
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| CN106497334A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-03-15 | 无锡明盛纺织机械有限公司 | A kind of turbine blade modified epoxy multicoat anticorrosion abrasionproof etching method |
| CN106676458A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-05-17 | 四川中物红宇科技有限公司 | Coating of hydraulic energy machine blade and hydraulic energy machine blade |
| CN106837656A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-06-13 | 成都天府新区河川科技有限公司 | The rotary wheel of water turbine and blade of wear-resisting anti-cavitation |
| CN107630216A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-01-26 | 安徽博古特机电科技有限公司 | A kind of spraying coating process of the protective coating of compressor impeller |
| CN108034942A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-05-15 | 马鞍山市鑫龙特钢有限公司 | It is a kind of to improve hard alloy coating and the processing method of high tenacity carbon steel bond strength |
| CN109898046A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2019-06-18 | 上海宝钢工业技术服务有限公司 | Preventing corrosion from molten metals, abrasion axle sleeve protective coating preparation method |
| CN113755780A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-12-07 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | Composite coating for titanium alloy gasket and preparation method thereof |
| CN114807820A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-07-29 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | Early warning protective coating with cavitation light-emitting function and preparation method thereof |
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| CN116162884A (en) * | 2023-03-09 | 2023-05-26 | 昆明理工大学 | Cavitation erosion resistant composite ceramic coating for water turbine and preparation method thereof |
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